Directed capillary ingrowth has long been considered synonymous with tumor vascularization.However,the vasculature of primary tumors and metastases is not necessarily formed by endothelial cell sprouting;instead,malig...Directed capillary ingrowth has long been considered synonymous with tumor vascularization.However,the vasculature of primary tumors and metastases is not necessarily formed by endothelial cell sprouting;instead,malignant tumors can acquire blood vessels via alternative vascularization mechanisms,such as intussusceptive microvascular growth,vessel co-option,and glomeruloid angiogenesis.Importantly,in response to anti-angiogenic therapies,malignant tumors can switch from one vascularization mechanism to another.In this article,we briefly review the biological features of these mechanisms and discuss on their significance in medical oncology.展开更多
Background:It remains unclear if the vascular and connective tissue structures of primary and metastatic tumors are intrinsically determined or whether these characteristics are defined by the host tissue.Therefore we...Background:It remains unclear if the vascular and connective tissue structures of primary and metastatic tumors are intrinsically determined or whether these characteristics are defined by the host tissue.Therefore we examined the microanatomical steps of vasculature and connective tissue development of C38 colon carcinoma in different tissues.Methods:Tumors produced in mice at five different locations(the cecal wall,skin,liver,lung,and brain)were ana-lyzed using fluorescent immunohistochemistry,electron microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:We found that in the cecal wall,skin,liver,and lung,resident fibroblasts differentiate into collagenous matrix-producing myofibroblasts at the tumor periphery.These activated fibroblasts together with the produced matrix were incorporated by the tumor.The connective tissue development culminated in the appearance of intratumoral tissue columns(centrally located single microvessels embedded in connective tissue and smooth muscle actin-expressing myofibroblasts surrounded by basement membrane).Conversely,in the brain(which lacks fibroblasts),C38 metasta-ses only induced the development of vascularized desmoplastic tissue columns when the growing tumor reached the fibroblast-containing meninges.Conclusions:Our data suggest that the desmoplastic host tissue response is induced by tumor-derived fibrogenic molecules acting on host tissue fibroblasts.We concluded that not only the host tissue characteristics but also the tumor-derived fibrogenic signals determine the vascular and connective tissue structure of tumors.展开更多
基金supported by the Grants from KTIA AIK 12-1-2013-0041Semmelweis University Start-Up Grant 40148-11658+3 种基金OTKA K109626,OTKA SNN1 14490,OTKA K100931,OTKA PD109201,EUREKA_HU_12-1-2012-0057TAMOP 4.2.4.A/1-11-1-2012-0001ONB Jubilaumsfondsprojekt Nr.14043 and Nr.14574the Vienna Fund for Innovative Interdisciplinary Cancer Research
文摘Directed capillary ingrowth has long been considered synonymous with tumor vascularization.However,the vasculature of primary tumors and metastases is not necessarily formed by endothelial cell sprouting;instead,malignant tumors can acquire blood vessels via alternative vascularization mechanisms,such as intussusceptive microvascular growth,vessel co-option,and glomeruloid angiogenesis.Importantly,in response to anti-angiogenic therapies,malignant tumors can switch from one vascularization mechanism to another.In this article,we briefly review the biological features of these mechanisms and discuss on their significance in medical oncology.
基金KD is the recipient of the Bolyai fellowship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and received support from the National Excellence Program(TÁMOP 4.2.4.A/1-11-1-2012-0001)BD acknowledges support from the Hungarian NRDI Office(K109626,K108465,KNN121510 and SNN114490)+2 种基金SP and VL acknowledge support from the Hungarian NRDI Office(ANN125583)JT acknowledges support from the National Research,Development and Innovation Office(NKFIH116295)EB is the recipient of postdoctoral fellowship from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
文摘Background:It remains unclear if the vascular and connective tissue structures of primary and metastatic tumors are intrinsically determined or whether these characteristics are defined by the host tissue.Therefore we examined the microanatomical steps of vasculature and connective tissue development of C38 colon carcinoma in different tissues.Methods:Tumors produced in mice at five different locations(the cecal wall,skin,liver,lung,and brain)were ana-lyzed using fluorescent immunohistochemistry,electron microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:We found that in the cecal wall,skin,liver,and lung,resident fibroblasts differentiate into collagenous matrix-producing myofibroblasts at the tumor periphery.These activated fibroblasts together with the produced matrix were incorporated by the tumor.The connective tissue development culminated in the appearance of intratumoral tissue columns(centrally located single microvessels embedded in connective tissue and smooth muscle actin-expressing myofibroblasts surrounded by basement membrane).Conversely,in the brain(which lacks fibroblasts),C38 metasta-ses only induced the development of vascularized desmoplastic tissue columns when the growing tumor reached the fibroblast-containing meninges.Conclusions:Our data suggest that the desmoplastic host tissue response is induced by tumor-derived fibrogenic molecules acting on host tissue fibroblasts.We concluded that not only the host tissue characteristics but also the tumor-derived fibrogenic signals determine the vascular and connective tissue structure of tumors.
