The main objective of this study is to verify, through compression tests on different prisms, the vertical and horizontal deformability and the failure modes of the components of concrete blocks under compression. In ...The main objective of this study is to verify, through compression tests on different prisms, the vertical and horizontal deformability and the failure modes of the components of concrete blocks under compression. In this study two mortar mixes were tested, along with two types of prism, with and without the presence of a vertical joint. The conclusions were： the appearance of non-linearities of the masonry corresponds to an increase in the lateral strain due to extensive cracking of the material and a progressive increase in the Poisson ratio, the cracks in the three-block prisms built with the mortar type I were vertical, occurring symmetrically on both sides; the prisms built with mortar type II had, as a consequence of localized crushing, an association with vertical cracks due to the concentrations of stresses at some points, the presence of a vertical joint led to the appearance of separation cracks between the middle block and the vertical mortar joint, when the stress reached approximately 30% of the compressive strength of the set; the prisms with two whole blocks and one vertical joint （B） built with the mortars of mixes I and II had a compressive strength of the order of 42% and 66% of the prisms with three whole blocks （A）, respectively.展开更多
The main goal of this study is analysis the mechanical behavior, failure mode and deflections of masonry beams lintels when subjected to concentrated loading. Walls were built using hollow clay blocks, using horizonta...The main goal of this study is analysis the mechanical behavior, failure mode and deflections of masonry beams lintels when subjected to concentrated loading. Walls were built using hollow clay blocks, using horizontal reinforcement on bed joint, and using of Murfor steel reinforcement. The conclusions of this work was： at middle of span, the load and displacement results present a linear behavior until failure; there two regions of failure, the region ＂A＂ presents the association of crushing and the region ＂B＂ shows the shear stress between block and mortar; the visual analysis of experimental tests shows the lost of adhesion between the mortar joint and blocks. It was not observed cracks on the mid-span produced by bending; it is possible to detach that the use of plane truss in Brazil as technological alternative is feasible and makes the masonry walls execution more rational, increasing the velocity of production.展开更多
This paper presents finite element results of ceramic masonry prisms and walls under concentric compression. Four different hole geometries of ceramic units were studied （called Types A, B, C and D）. The A-type unit...This paper presents finite element results of ceramic masonry prisms and walls under concentric compression. Four different hole geometries of ceramic units were studied （called Types A, B, C and D）. The A-type unit had two rectangular hollows, B-type and C-type units have two rounded hollows and different net areas, mad the D-type unit had two rectangular hollows and a double central web. This study analyzed units, prisms and structural walls joined by bedding mortar. The objective was to verify the stress distribution in units and mortars. The results showed that the distribution of compressive stress along the length and width of those units was uniform, but lateral tensile stress along the length was distinct for different geometries. In addition, this study observed that hollow shapes have an important influence in stress distribution. The D-type unit was the one that showed more uniform tension distribution, without peaks of stress concentration. This indicates that a D-type unit is the most efficient unit for use in masonry structures.展开更多
文摘The main objective of this study is to verify, through compression tests on different prisms, the vertical and horizontal deformability and the failure modes of the components of concrete blocks under compression. In this study two mortar mixes were tested, along with two types of prism, with and without the presence of a vertical joint. The conclusions were： the appearance of non-linearities of the masonry corresponds to an increase in the lateral strain due to extensive cracking of the material and a progressive increase in the Poisson ratio, the cracks in the three-block prisms built with the mortar type I were vertical, occurring symmetrically on both sides; the prisms built with mortar type II had, as a consequence of localized crushing, an association with vertical cracks due to the concentrations of stresses at some points, the presence of a vertical joint led to the appearance of separation cracks between the middle block and the vertical mortar joint, when the stress reached approximately 30% of the compressive strength of the set; the prisms with two whole blocks and one vertical joint （B） built with the mortars of mixes I and II had a compressive strength of the order of 42% and 66% of the prisms with three whole blocks （A）, respectively.
文摘The main goal of this study is analysis the mechanical behavior, failure mode and deflections of masonry beams lintels when subjected to concentrated loading. Walls were built using hollow clay blocks, using horizontal reinforcement on bed joint, and using of Murfor steel reinforcement. The conclusions of this work was： at middle of span, the load and displacement results present a linear behavior until failure; there two regions of failure, the region ＂A＂ presents the association of crushing and the region ＂B＂ shows the shear stress between block and mortar; the visual analysis of experimental tests shows the lost of adhesion between the mortar joint and blocks. It was not observed cracks on the mid-span produced by bending; it is possible to detach that the use of plane truss in Brazil as technological alternative is feasible and makes the masonry walls execution more rational, increasing the velocity of production.
文摘This paper presents finite element results of ceramic masonry prisms and walls under concentric compression. Four different hole geometries of ceramic units were studied （called Types A, B, C and D）. The A-type unit had two rectangular hollows, B-type and C-type units have two rounded hollows and different net areas, mad the D-type unit had two rectangular hollows and a double central web. This study analyzed units, prisms and structural walls joined by bedding mortar. The objective was to verify the stress distribution in units and mortars. The results showed that the distribution of compressive stress along the length and width of those units was uniform, but lateral tensile stress along the length was distinct for different geometries. In addition, this study observed that hollow shapes have an important influence in stress distribution. The D-type unit was the one that showed more uniform tension distribution, without peaks of stress concentration. This indicates that a D-type unit is the most efficient unit for use in masonry structures.
