Popcorn is a very social food, often shared with others and offered at many major sporting events, concerts, movies, and fairs. However, sharing may not be safe since microorganisms found on hands may be transferred o...Popcorn is a very social food, often shared with others and offered at many major sporting events, concerts, movies, and fairs. However, sharing may not be safe since microorganisms found on hands may be transferred onto the shared popcorn. This study was conducted to determine if bacteria are transferred from hands to popcorn during handling. Over 30 samplings revealed that bacterial transfer to popcorn from hands was very low;however transfer did occur with large variation between subjects. Since hands and surfaces can carry bacteria in situations where food is being shared, transferring bacteria from one person to another person is always a risk.展开更多
This paper overviews the benefits,challenges,research trends and potential solutions on the design and application of gallium nitride(GaN) technology in hard-switching power electronic converters from the device level...This paper overviews the benefits,challenges,research trends and potential solutions on the design and application of gallium nitride(GaN) technology in hard-switching power electronic converters from the device level up to converter level.展开更多
Early detection of vulnerable road users is a crucial requirement for autonomous vehicles to meet and exceed the object detection capabilities of human drivers.One of the most complex outstanding challenges is that of...Early detection of vulnerable road users is a crucial requirement for autonomous vehicles to meet and exceed the object detection capabilities of human drivers.One of the most complex outstanding challenges is that of partial occlusion where a target object is only partially available to the sensor due to obstruction by another foreground object.A number of leading pedestrian detection benchmarks provide annotation for partial occlusion,however each benchmark varies greatly in their definition of the occurrence and severity of occlusion.Research demonstrates that a high degree of subjectivity is used to classify occlusion level in these cases and occlusion is typically categorized into 2–3 broad categories such as“partially”and“heavily”occluded.In addition,many pedestrian instances are impacted by multiple inhibiting factors which contribute to non-detection such as object scale,distance from camera,lighting variations and adverse weather.This can lead to inaccurate or inconsistent reporting of detection performance for partially occluded pedestrians depending on which benchmark is used.This research introduces a novel,objective benchmark for partially occluded pedestrian detection to facilitate the objective characterization of pedestrian detection models.Characterization is carried out on seven popular pedestrian detection models for a range of occlusion levels from 0%–99%to demonstrate the impact of progressive levels of partial occlusion on pedestrian detectability.Results show that the proposed benchmark provides more objective,fine grained analysis of pedestrian detection algorithms than the current state of the art.展开更多
文摘Popcorn is a very social food, often shared with others and offered at many major sporting events, concerts, movies, and fairs. However, sharing may not be safe since microorganisms found on hands may be transferred onto the shared popcorn. This study was conducted to determine if bacteria are transferred from hands to popcorn during handling. Over 30 samplings revealed that bacterial transfer to popcorn from hands was very low;however transfer did occur with large variation between subjects. Since hands and surfaces can carry bacteria in situations where food is being shared, transferring bacteria from one person to another person is always a risk.
基金supported by the Engineering Research Center Program of the National Science Foundation and DOE under NSF Award Number EEC-1041877the Current Industry Partnership Program
文摘This paper overviews the benefits,challenges,research trends and potential solutions on the design and application of gallium nitride(GaN) technology in hard-switching power electronic converters from the device level up to converter level.
文摘Early detection of vulnerable road users is a crucial requirement for autonomous vehicles to meet and exceed the object detection capabilities of human drivers.One of the most complex outstanding challenges is that of partial occlusion where a target object is only partially available to the sensor due to obstruction by another foreground object.A number of leading pedestrian detection benchmarks provide annotation for partial occlusion,however each benchmark varies greatly in their definition of the occurrence and severity of occlusion.Research demonstrates that a high degree of subjectivity is used to classify occlusion level in these cases and occlusion is typically categorized into 2–3 broad categories such as“partially”and“heavily”occluded.In addition,many pedestrian instances are impacted by multiple inhibiting factors which contribute to non-detection such as object scale,distance from camera,lighting variations and adverse weather.This can lead to inaccurate or inconsistent reporting of detection performance for partially occluded pedestrians depending on which benchmark is used.This research introduces a novel,objective benchmark for partially occluded pedestrian detection to facilitate the objective characterization of pedestrian detection models.Characterization is carried out on seven popular pedestrian detection models for a range of occlusion levels from 0%–99%to demonstrate the impact of progressive levels of partial occlusion on pedestrian detectability.Results show that the proposed benchmark provides more objective,fine grained analysis of pedestrian detection algorithms than the current state of the art.
