As the key producer of cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）,the choroid plexus（CP） provides a unique protective system in the central nervous system.CSF components are not invariable and they can change based on the pathologi...As the key producer of cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）,the choroid plexus（CP） provides a unique protective system in the central nervous system.CSF components are not invariable and they can change based on the pathological conditions of the central nervous system.The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of non-traumatic and traumatic CSF on the differentiation of multipotent stem-like cells of CP into the neural and/or glial cells.CP epithelial cells were isolated from adult male rats and treated with human non-traumatic and traumatic CSF.Alterations in m RNA expression of Nestin and microtubule-associated protein（MAP2）,as the specific markers of neurogenesis,and astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） in cultured CP epithelial cells were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR.The data revealed that treatment with CSF（non-traumatic and traumatic） led to increase in m RNA expression levels of MAP2 and GFAP.Moreover,the expression of Nestin decreased in CP epithelial cells treated with non-traumatic CSF,while treatment with traumatic CSF significantly increased its m RNA level compared to the cells cultured only in DMEM/F12 as control.It seems that CP epithelial cells contain multipotent stem-like cells which are inducible under pathological conditions including exposure to traumatic CSF because of its compositions.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the antifungal activities of the extracts and sub-fractions of Phlomis olivieri, Verbascum speciosum, Sambucus ebulus and Erigeron hyrcanicus, four Persian medicinal plants used in Iranian f...Objective： To investigate the antifungal activities of the extracts and sub-fractions of Phlomis olivieri, Verbascum speciosum, Sambucus ebulus and Erigeron hyrcanicus, four Persian medicinal plants used in Iranian folk medicine. Methods： Evaluation of the antifungal activity was performed on the clinical isolates of pathogenic fungi including Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, 7. verrucosum, Microsporum canis, M. gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum, and the yeast Candida albicans. The susceptibility tests were done by agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum fungicidal concentration （MFC） of active extracts and sub-fractions were measured using method of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards （NCCLS）. Results： Only P. olivieri sub-fractions were found to have fungicidal activity among the other investigated plants. The MIC and MFC was found to be high in petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions （100 and 200 mg/mL） against the studied pathogenic fungi and the yeast Candida albicans. P. olivieri sub-fractions significantly inhibited the growth of all pathogenic fungi and the yeast studied. Conclusion： If the antifungal activity of P. olivieri is confirmed by in vivo studies and if the responsible compound （s） is isolated and identified, it could be a good remedy for mycotic infections.展开更多
文摘As the key producer of cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）,the choroid plexus（CP） provides a unique protective system in the central nervous system.CSF components are not invariable and they can change based on the pathological conditions of the central nervous system.The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of non-traumatic and traumatic CSF on the differentiation of multipotent stem-like cells of CP into the neural and/or glial cells.CP epithelial cells were isolated from adult male rats and treated with human non-traumatic and traumatic CSF.Alterations in m RNA expression of Nestin and microtubule-associated protein（MAP2）,as the specific markers of neurogenesis,and astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） in cultured CP epithelial cells were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR.The data revealed that treatment with CSF（non-traumatic and traumatic） led to increase in m RNA expression levels of MAP2 and GFAP.Moreover,the expression of Nestin decreased in CP epithelial cells treated with non-traumatic CSF,while treatment with traumatic CSF significantly increased its m RNA level compared to the cells cultured only in DMEM/F12 as control.It seems that CP epithelial cells contain multipotent stem-like cells which are inducible under pathological conditions including exposure to traumatic CSF because of its compositions.
基金Supports from the Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch,Islamic Azad University(IAU)
文摘Objective： To investigate the antifungal activities of the extracts and sub-fractions of Phlomis olivieri, Verbascum speciosum, Sambucus ebulus and Erigeron hyrcanicus, four Persian medicinal plants used in Iranian folk medicine. Methods： Evaluation of the antifungal activity was performed on the clinical isolates of pathogenic fungi including Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, 7. verrucosum, Microsporum canis, M. gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum, and the yeast Candida albicans. The susceptibility tests were done by agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum fungicidal concentration （MFC） of active extracts and sub-fractions were measured using method of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards （NCCLS）. Results： Only P. olivieri sub-fractions were found to have fungicidal activity among the other investigated plants. The MIC and MFC was found to be high in petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions （100 and 200 mg/mL） against the studied pathogenic fungi and the yeast Candida albicans. P. olivieri sub-fractions significantly inhibited the growth of all pathogenic fungi and the yeast studied. Conclusion： If the antifungal activity of P. olivieri is confirmed by in vivo studies and if the responsible compound （s） is isolated and identified, it could be a good remedy for mycotic infections.
