<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Soil salinity is one of the major yield-limiting factors for crop production in many agricultural regions all over the world. Besi...<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Soil salinity is one of the major yield-limiting factors for crop production in many agricultural regions all over the world. Besides following efficient management practices at the field scale to reduce accumulation of salts in the effective root-zone, the effective use of treatments to alleviate the effects of salinity stress and improve crop salt tolerance is a promising solution to ensure crop production in such adverse conditions. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of foliar spray with plant-based biostimulant (<i>i.e.</i> with and/or without 3% yeast extract), three levels of proline (0, 25, and 50 mM), and combined with potassium fertilizers, as potassium sulfate, 48% K<sub>2</sub>O (0, 50, and 100 kg/fed.) on growth promotion, chemical composition of garlic leaves, bulb quality parameters as well as yield and its components of garlic plant grown under moderate saline soil. Results revealed that the interaction between foliar spray with yeast extract at 3% and proline at 50 mM combined with proper K level at 100 kg/fed., was the best interaction treatment for increasing vegetative growth parameters, <i>i.e.</i> plant height, number of leaves per plant, and mineral contents (N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg in leaves), and proline content of garlic leaves after 135 days from planting time, total yield/fed., and garlic yield quality parameters at harvesting time. In conclusion, the detrimental effects of salinity stress can be alleviated by stress tolerance-inducing compounds, such as yeast extract and proline with proper application rate of K fertilization during the growing season of garlic crop.</span> </p>展开更多
Iron (Fe) is a vital element for the survival and proliferation of all plants;therefore, Fe-biofortification by the application of chemical and organic fertilizers is being as an effective approach to fight hidden hun...Iron (Fe) is a vital element for the survival and proliferation of all plants;therefore, Fe-biofortification by the application of chemical and organic fertilizers is being as an effective approach to fight hidden hunger retards the growth and development of crop plants. Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of potassium and exogenous organic acids on iron uptake by two different plants<span>:</span><span> one is monocotyledon</span><span>,</span><span><span> maize (<i></i></span><i><i><span>Zea mays</span></i><span></span></i> L.) and the second is dicotolydon pea (<i></i></span><i><i><span>Pisum sativum</span></i></i><span> L.) grown under controlled conditions. The seedlings were grown in sand culture in a greenhouse experiment and irrigated with one-tenth strength modified nutrient solution of Hoagland and Arnon as a base solution (pH 7.5), containing different iron treatments (0, 1, and 5 ppm as FeSO</span><sub>4</sub>·<span>7H</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>O) combined with potassium nutrition (0, 5, 10, and 50 ppm as K</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>SO</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>). After 30 days, the best interaction treatment was selected for further experiment including 5.0 ppm Fe as FeSO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>.</sup><span>7H</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>O and 50 ppm K as K</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>SO</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span> in combination with 1</span><span> </span><span>×</span><span> </span><span><span>10<sup>-</sup></span><sup><span>5</span></sup><span> mole/liter of one </span></span><span>of </span><span>the following organic acids: Citric acid, Oxalic acid, Formic acid, Acetic acid, Propionic acid, Tartaric acid, Succinic acid, Fumaric acid, Malic acid, Glutamic acid, besides the free organic acid nutrient solution as a control. Results revealed that the interaction between 5.0 ppm Fe and 50 ppm K was the best interaction treatment for increasing biomass production and iron uptake of maize and pea seedlings under applied condition. Furthermore, exogenous application of organic acids improves uptake and translocation of nutrient such as iron, potassium and phosphorus by the maize and pea plants. In conclusion, potassium nutrition and exogenous organic acids have the potential to stimulate Fe-uptake of monocot and dicot plants and mediate iron-biofortified crops.</span>展开更多
文摘<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Soil salinity is one of the major yield-limiting factors for crop production in many agricultural regions all over the world. Besides following efficient management practices at the field scale to reduce accumulation of salts in the effective root-zone, the effective use of treatments to alleviate the effects of salinity stress and improve crop salt tolerance is a promising solution to ensure crop production in such adverse conditions. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of foliar spray with plant-based biostimulant (<i>i.e.</i> with and/or without 3% yeast extract), three levels of proline (0, 25, and 50 mM), and combined with potassium fertilizers, as potassium sulfate, 48% K<sub>2</sub>O (0, 50, and 100 kg/fed.) on growth promotion, chemical composition of garlic leaves, bulb quality parameters as well as yield and its components of garlic plant grown under moderate saline soil. Results revealed that the interaction between foliar spray with yeast extract at 3% and proline at 50 mM combined with proper K level at 100 kg/fed., was the best interaction treatment for increasing vegetative growth parameters, <i>i.e.</i> plant height, number of leaves per plant, and mineral contents (N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg in leaves), and proline content of garlic leaves after 135 days from planting time, total yield/fed., and garlic yield quality parameters at harvesting time. In conclusion, the detrimental effects of salinity stress can be alleviated by stress tolerance-inducing compounds, such as yeast extract and proline with proper application rate of K fertilization during the growing season of garlic crop.</span> </p>
文摘Iron (Fe) is a vital element for the survival and proliferation of all plants;therefore, Fe-biofortification by the application of chemical and organic fertilizers is being as an effective approach to fight hidden hunger retards the growth and development of crop plants. Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of potassium and exogenous organic acids on iron uptake by two different plants<span>:</span><span> one is monocotyledon</span><span>,</span><span><span> maize (<i></i></span><i><i><span>Zea mays</span></i><span></span></i> L.) and the second is dicotolydon pea (<i></i></span><i><i><span>Pisum sativum</span></i></i><span> L.) grown under controlled conditions. The seedlings were grown in sand culture in a greenhouse experiment and irrigated with one-tenth strength modified nutrient solution of Hoagland and Arnon as a base solution (pH 7.5), containing different iron treatments (0, 1, and 5 ppm as FeSO</span><sub>4</sub>·<span>7H</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>O) combined with potassium nutrition (0, 5, 10, and 50 ppm as K</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>SO</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>). After 30 days, the best interaction treatment was selected for further experiment including 5.0 ppm Fe as FeSO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>.</sup><span>7H</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>O and 50 ppm K as K</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>SO</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span> in combination with 1</span><span> </span><span>×</span><span> </span><span><span>10<sup>-</sup></span><sup><span>5</span></sup><span> mole/liter of one </span></span><span>of </span><span>the following organic acids: Citric acid, Oxalic acid, Formic acid, Acetic acid, Propionic acid, Tartaric acid, Succinic acid, Fumaric acid, Malic acid, Glutamic acid, besides the free organic acid nutrient solution as a control. Results revealed that the interaction between 5.0 ppm Fe and 50 ppm K was the best interaction treatment for increasing biomass production and iron uptake of maize and pea seedlings under applied condition. Furthermore, exogenous application of organic acids improves uptake and translocation of nutrient such as iron, potassium and phosphorus by the maize and pea plants. In conclusion, potassium nutrition and exogenous organic acids have the potential to stimulate Fe-uptake of monocot and dicot plants and mediate iron-biofortified crops.</span>
