This study was conducted at University of Gujrat during 2014-2015 as a term paper for Master of Philosophy. The data regarding effect of ozone depletion on human was reviewed and compiled as a review paper from variou...This study was conducted at University of Gujrat during 2014-2015 as a term paper for Master of Philosophy. The data regarding effect of ozone depletion on human was reviewed and compiled as a review paper from various published articles of international reputed journals, annual/environmental reports of recognized organization and e-books. The causes, mechanism and bio-effects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. It is revealed that introduction of Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) in the environment is the most rated cause of said depiction. Ozone depletion is allowing the UV radiation to earth surface. The exposure to these radiations is severely affecting all life forms on earth, especially the humans. Permanent or temporary blindness, skin cancer and immunity suppression are the main effects of these radiations reported by various researchers on humans. The prospects of ozone recovery are still undiscovered. The current situation of ozone depiction demands urgent remedial measures to protect lives on this earth.展开更多
This review paper was prepared at Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan during 2014-2015. The data for the two decades, DNA Extraction from Insects by Using Different Techniques was compiled through a ...This review paper was prepared at Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan during 2014-2015. The data for the two decades, DNA Extraction from Insects by Using Different Techniques was compiled through a thorough review of many research articles published in various journals of international repute. Insects are very important economically and ecologically for human due to their various roles, as pests, decomposer in nutrition cycle, vector for the transmission of certain diseases and a source of medically and economically important products. To identify insect, and for research on their role, different molecular techniques are used. For each molecular technique, high quality DNA is required, which is extracted from the insects by different techniques. The selection of DNA extraction technique is depended upon specimen under study, time required for extraction, economical stander of technique due to reagents and equipment used for extraction and most importantly extracted DNA quality. In this paper, most frequently used techniques for DNA extraction from insect with different size and condition are outlined. This paper is only a guide for these techniques and we describe them briefly.展开更多
文摘This study was conducted at University of Gujrat during 2014-2015 as a term paper for Master of Philosophy. The data regarding effect of ozone depletion on human was reviewed and compiled as a review paper from various published articles of international reputed journals, annual/environmental reports of recognized organization and e-books. The causes, mechanism and bio-effects of ozone layer depletion on humans were addressed. It is revealed that introduction of Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) in the environment is the most rated cause of said depiction. Ozone depletion is allowing the UV radiation to earth surface. The exposure to these radiations is severely affecting all life forms on earth, especially the humans. Permanent or temporary blindness, skin cancer and immunity suppression are the main effects of these radiations reported by various researchers on humans. The prospects of ozone recovery are still undiscovered. The current situation of ozone depiction demands urgent remedial measures to protect lives on this earth.
文摘This review paper was prepared at Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan during 2014-2015. The data for the two decades, DNA Extraction from Insects by Using Different Techniques was compiled through a thorough review of many research articles published in various journals of international repute. Insects are very important economically and ecologically for human due to their various roles, as pests, decomposer in nutrition cycle, vector for the transmission of certain diseases and a source of medically and economically important products. To identify insect, and for research on their role, different molecular techniques are used. For each molecular technique, high quality DNA is required, which is extracted from the insects by different techniques. The selection of DNA extraction technique is depended upon specimen under study, time required for extraction, economical stander of technique due to reagents and equipment used for extraction and most importantly extracted DNA quality. In this paper, most frequently used techniques for DNA extraction from insect with different size and condition are outlined. This paper is only a guide for these techniques and we describe them briefly.
