Gingko biloba accumulates high levels of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical value.Ginkgo calli develop a typical browning that reduces its regenerative capacity and thus its usefulness.To elucidate the browning m...Gingko biloba accumulates high levels of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical value.Ginkgo calli develop a typical browning that reduces its regenerative capacity and thus its usefulness.To elucidate the browning mechanism,histological,transcriptomic,and metabolic alterations were compared between green and browning calli derived from immature ginkgo embryos.Histological observations revealed that browning calli had a more loosely arranged cell structure and accumulated more tannins than in green calli.Integrated metabolic and transcriptomic analyses showed that phenylpropanoid metabolism was specifi-cally activated in the browning calli,and 428 diff erentially expressed genes and 63 diff erentially abundant metabolites,including 12 fl avonoid compounds,were identifi ed in the browning calli compared to the green calli.Moreover,the expression of fl avonol synthase(FLS)and UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase(UGT)genes involved in the fl avonoid pathway was more than tenfold higher in browning calli than in green calli,thus promoting biosynthesis of fl avonol,which serves as a substrate to form glycosylated fl avonoids.Flavonoid glycosides constituted the major coloring component of the browning calli and may act in response to multiple stress conditions to delay cell death caused by browning.Our results revealed the cellular and biochemical changes in browning callus cells that accompanied changes in expression of browning-related genes,providing a scientifi c basis for improving ginkgo tissue culturability.展开更多
AIM:To synthesize antisense oligonucleotides (ASODNs) of midkine (MK), package the ASODNs with nanoparticles, and to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth using these nanoparticles.METHODS: HepG2 cell prolifer...AIM:To synthesize antisense oligonucleotides (ASODNs) of midkine (MK), package the ASODNs with nanoparticles, and to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth using these nanoparticles.METHODS: HepG2 cell proliferation was analyzed in vitro using the 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2Htetrazolium, inner salt assay. The in vivo activity of nanoparticles delivering the MK-ASODNs was analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The in vitro proliferation of HepG2 cells was signif icantly inhibited by the nanoparticles packaged with MK-ASODNs (NANO-ASODNs). Furthermore, the NANO- ASODNs signif icantly inhibited the growth of HCC in the mouse model. CONCLUSION: NANO-ASODNs can significantly suppress the growth of HCC in vitro and in vivo.展开更多
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common types of cancer and leading causes of cancer death worldwide.Although we have made steady progress in chemotherapy and targeted therapy,evidence suggests that the major...Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common types of cancer and leading causes of cancer death worldwide.Although we have made steady progress in chemotherapy and targeted therapy,evidence suggests that the majority of patients undergoing drug therapy experience severe,debilitating,and even lethal adverse drug events which considerably outweigh the benefits.The identification of suitable biomarkers will allow clinicians to deliver the most appropriate drugs to specific patients and spare them ineffective and expensive treatments.Prognostic and predictive biomarkers have been the subjects of many published papers,but few have been widely incorporated into clinical practice.Here,we want to review recent biomarker data related to colorectal cancer,which may have been ready for clinical use.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210611)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M642261)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(2018K197C)the Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan Project(BE2021367)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971689).
文摘Gingko biloba accumulates high levels of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical value.Ginkgo calli develop a typical browning that reduces its regenerative capacity and thus its usefulness.To elucidate the browning mechanism,histological,transcriptomic,and metabolic alterations were compared between green and browning calli derived from immature ginkgo embryos.Histological observations revealed that browning calli had a more loosely arranged cell structure and accumulated more tannins than in green calli.Integrated metabolic and transcriptomic analyses showed that phenylpropanoid metabolism was specifi-cally activated in the browning calli,and 428 diff erentially expressed genes and 63 diff erentially abundant metabolites,including 12 fl avonoid compounds,were identifi ed in the browning calli compared to the green calli.Moreover,the expression of fl avonol synthase(FLS)and UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase(UGT)genes involved in the fl avonoid pathway was more than tenfold higher in browning calli than in green calli,thus promoting biosynthesis of fl avonol,which serves as a substrate to form glycosylated fl avonoids.Flavonoid glycosides constituted the major coloring component of the browning calli and may act in response to multiple stress conditions to delay cell death caused by browning.Our results revealed the cellular and biochemical changes in browning callus cells that accompanied changes in expression of browning-related genes,providing a scientifi c basis for improving ginkgo tissue culturability.
基金Supported by The Science and Technology Program Fund of Zhejiang Province,No.2006C33028
文摘AIM:To synthesize antisense oligonucleotides (ASODNs) of midkine (MK), package the ASODNs with nanoparticles, and to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth using these nanoparticles.METHODS: HepG2 cell proliferation was analyzed in vitro using the 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2Htetrazolium, inner salt assay. The in vivo activity of nanoparticles delivering the MK-ASODNs was analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The in vitro proliferation of HepG2 cells was signif icantly inhibited by the nanoparticles packaged with MK-ASODNs (NANO-ASODNs). Furthermore, the NANO- ASODNs signif icantly inhibited the growth of HCC in the mouse model. CONCLUSION: NANO-ASODNs can significantly suppress the growth of HCC in vitro and in vivo.
文摘Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common types of cancer and leading causes of cancer death worldwide.Although we have made steady progress in chemotherapy and targeted therapy,evidence suggests that the majority of patients undergoing drug therapy experience severe,debilitating,and even lethal adverse drug events which considerably outweigh the benefits.The identification of suitable biomarkers will allow clinicians to deliver the most appropriate drugs to specific patients and spare them ineffective and expensive treatments.Prognostic and predictive biomarkers have been the subjects of many published papers,but few have been widely incorporated into clinical practice.Here,we want to review recent biomarker data related to colorectal cancer,which may have been ready for clinical use.
