BACKGROUND Parental behaviors are key in shaping children’s psychological and behavioral development,crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues,reducing psychological trauma in childhood....BACKGROUND Parental behaviors are key in shaping children’s psychological and behavioral development,crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues,reducing psychological trauma in childhood.AIM To investigate the relationship between parenting behaviors and behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children.METHODS From October 2017 to May 2018,7 kindergartens in Ma’anshan City were selected to conduct a parent self-filled questionnaire-Health Development Survey of Preschool Children.Children’s Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire(Parent Version)was applied to measures the children’s behavioral and emotional performance.Parenting behavior was evaluated using the Parental Behavior Inventory.Binomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the detection rate of preschool children’s behavior and emotional problems and their parenting behaviors.RESULTS High level of parental support/participation was negatively correlated with conduct problems,abnormal hyperactivity,abnormal total difficulty scores and abnormal prosocial behavior problems.High level of maternal support/participation was negatively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms and abnormal peer interaction in children.High level of parental hostility/coercion was positively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms,abnormal conduct problems,abnormal hyperactivity,abnormal peer interaction,and abnormal total difficulty scores in children(all P<0.05).Moreover,paternal parenting behaviors had similarly effects on behavior and emotional problems of preschool children compared with maternal parenting behaviors(all P>0.05),after calculating ratio of odds ratio values.CONCLUSION Our study found that parenting behaviors are associated with behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children.Overall,the more supportive or involved the parents are,the fewer behavioral and emotional problems the children experience;conversely,the more hostile or controlling the parents are,the more behavioral and emotional problems the children face.Moreover,the impact of fathers’parenting behaviors on preschool children’s behavior and emotions is no less significant than that of mothers’parenting behaviors.展开更多
Pitaya(Hylocereus)is the most economically important fleshy-fruited tree of the Cactaceae family that is grown worldwide,and it has attracted significant attention because of its betalain-abundant fruits.Nonetheless,t...Pitaya(Hylocereus)is the most economically important fleshy-fruited tree of the Cactaceae family that is grown worldwide,and it has attracted significant attention because of its betalain-abundant fruits.Nonetheless,the lack of a pitaya reference genome significantly hinders studies focused on its evolution,as well as the potential for genetic improvement of this crop.Herein,we employed various sequencing approaches,namely,PacBio-SMRT,Illumina HiSeq paired-end,10×Genomics,and Hi-C(high-throughput chromosome conformation capture)to provide a chromosome-level genomic assembly of‘GHB’pitaya(H.undatus,2n=2x=22 chromosomes).The size of the assembled pitaya genome was 1.41 Gb,with a scaffold N50 of~127.15 Mb.In total,27,753 protein-coding genes and 896.31Mb of repetitive sequences in the H.undatus genome were annotated.Pitaya has undergone a WGT(whole-genome triplication),and a recent WGD(whole-genome duplication)occurred after the gamma event,which is common to the other species in Cactaceae.A total of 29,328 intact LTR-RTs(~696.45Mb)were obtained in H.undatus,of which two significantly expanded lineages,Ty1/copia and Ty3/gypsy,were the main drivers of the expanded genome.A high-density genetic map of F1 hybrid populations of‘GHB’בDahong’pitayas(H.monacanthus)and their parents were constructed,and a total of 20,872 bin markers were identified(56,380 SNPs)for 11 linkage groups.More importantly,through transcriptomic and WGCNA(weighted gene coexpression network analysis),a global view of the gene regulatory network,including structural genes and the transcription factors involved in pitaya fruit betalain biosynthesis,was presented.Our data present a valuable resource for facilitating molecular breeding programs of pitaya and shed novel light on its genomic evolution,as well as the modulation of betalain biosynthesis in edible fruits.展开更多
In order to study the unsteady aerodynamics effects in railway tunnels,the 3D Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equations of a viscous compressible fluid are solved,and the two-equation k-ε model is used in the simulati...In order to study the unsteady aerodynamics effects in railway tunnels,the 3D Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equations of a viscous compressible fluid are solved,and the two-equation k-ε model is used in the simulation of turbulence,while the dynamic grid technique is employed for moving bodies.We focus on obtaining the changing tendencies of the aerodynamic force of the train and the aerodynamic pressures on the tunnel wall and train surface,and discovering the relationship between the velocity of the train and the intensity of the micro pressure wave at the tunnel exit.It is shown that the amplitudes of the pressure changes in the tunnel and on the train surface are both approximately proportional to the square of the train speed,so are the microwave and the drag of the train.展开更多
In situ cross-linking encapsulation has been demonstrated to be an efficient strategy for enhancing the humidity stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this study,a novel cross-linkable fullerene derivative,name...In situ cross-linking encapsulation has been demonstrated to be an efficient strategy for enhancing the humidity stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this study,a novel cross-linkable fullerene derivative,namely1-(p-benzoate-(p-methylvinylbenzene)-indolino[2,3][60]fullerene(FPPS),was readily synthesized from commercially available building blocks in two steps.This FPPS was employed as an interfacial modifier on perovskite surfaces in inverted planar p-i-n PSCs.Owing to the fast interfacial charge extraction and efficient trap passivation,PSCs based on the cross-linked FPPS(C-FPPS)exhibited excellent performance.The PSCs had a top-performing power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.82%with negligible hysteresis,compared to the control devices without C-PFFS(16.99%).Moreover,the strong water resistance of the C-FPPS interfacial layer distinctly enhances the ambient stability of PSC devices,exhibiting a t80(the time required to reach 80%of the initial PCE)of 300 h under high-humidity conditions.This significantly surpasses the control devices,whose t80 was only 130 h.These results demonstrate that cross-linkable fullerene derivatives can be promising interfacial materials for designing high-efficiency,hysteresis-free,air-stable PSCs.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81330068.
文摘BACKGROUND Parental behaviors are key in shaping children’s psychological and behavioral development,crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues,reducing psychological trauma in childhood.AIM To investigate the relationship between parenting behaviors and behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children.METHODS From October 2017 to May 2018,7 kindergartens in Ma’anshan City were selected to conduct a parent self-filled questionnaire-Health Development Survey of Preschool Children.Children’s Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire(Parent Version)was applied to measures the children’s behavioral and emotional performance.Parenting behavior was evaluated using the Parental Behavior Inventory.Binomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the detection rate of preschool children’s behavior and emotional problems and their parenting behaviors.RESULTS High level of parental support/participation was negatively correlated with conduct problems,abnormal hyperactivity,abnormal total difficulty scores and abnormal prosocial behavior problems.High level of maternal support/participation was negatively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms and abnormal peer interaction in children.High level of parental hostility/coercion was positively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms,abnormal conduct problems,abnormal hyperactivity,abnormal peer interaction,and abnormal total difficulty scores in children(all P<0.05).Moreover,paternal parenting behaviors had similarly effects on behavior and emotional problems of preschool children compared with maternal parenting behaviors(all P>0.05),after calculating ratio of odds ratio values.CONCLUSION Our study found that parenting behaviors are associated with behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children.Overall,the more supportive or involved the parents are,the fewer behavioral and emotional problems the children experience;conversely,the more hostile or controlling the parents are,the more behavioral and emotional problems the children face.Moreover,the impact of fathers’parenting behaviors on preschool children’s behavior and emotions is no less significant than that of mothers’parenting behaviors.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.31972367 and 31960578)Key Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(grant no.201904020015)+2 种基金Science and Technology Program of Zhanjiang(grant no.2019A01003)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(grant nos.202002020060,201704020003 and 2014Y2-00164)Key Realm R&D Program of Guangdong Province(grant no.2018B020202011).
文摘Pitaya(Hylocereus)is the most economically important fleshy-fruited tree of the Cactaceae family that is grown worldwide,and it has attracted significant attention because of its betalain-abundant fruits.Nonetheless,the lack of a pitaya reference genome significantly hinders studies focused on its evolution,as well as the potential for genetic improvement of this crop.Herein,we employed various sequencing approaches,namely,PacBio-SMRT,Illumina HiSeq paired-end,10×Genomics,and Hi-C(high-throughput chromosome conformation capture)to provide a chromosome-level genomic assembly of‘GHB’pitaya(H.undatus,2n=2x=22 chromosomes).The size of the assembled pitaya genome was 1.41 Gb,with a scaffold N50 of~127.15 Mb.In total,27,753 protein-coding genes and 896.31Mb of repetitive sequences in the H.undatus genome were annotated.Pitaya has undergone a WGT(whole-genome triplication),and a recent WGD(whole-genome duplication)occurred after the gamma event,which is common to the other species in Cactaceae.A total of 29,328 intact LTR-RTs(~696.45Mb)were obtained in H.undatus,of which two significantly expanded lineages,Ty1/copia and Ty3/gypsy,were the main drivers of the expanded genome.A high-density genetic map of F1 hybrid populations of‘GHB’בDahong’pitayas(H.monacanthus)and their parents were constructed,and a total of 20,872 bin markers were identified(56,380 SNPs)for 11 linkage groups.More importantly,through transcriptomic and WGCNA(weighted gene coexpression network analysis),a global view of the gene regulatory network,including structural genes and the transcription factors involved in pitaya fruit betalain biosynthesis,was presented.Our data present a valuable resource for facilitating molecular breeding programs of pitaya and shed novel light on its genomic evolution,as well as the modulation of betalain biosynthesis in edible fruits.
基金Project(No.2009BAG12A01) supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China
文摘In order to study the unsteady aerodynamics effects in railway tunnels,the 3D Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equations of a viscous compressible fluid are solved,and the two-equation k-ε model is used in the simulation of turbulence,while the dynamic grid technique is employed for moving bodies.We focus on obtaining the changing tendencies of the aerodynamic force of the train and the aerodynamic pressures on the tunnel wall and train surface,and discovering the relationship between the velocity of the train and the intensity of the micro pressure wave at the tunnel exit.It is shown that the amplitudes of the pressure changes in the tunnel and on the train surface are both approximately proportional to the square of the train speed,so are the microwave and the drag of the train.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21721001,51572231 and 51502252)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2016J01264)。
文摘In situ cross-linking encapsulation has been demonstrated to be an efficient strategy for enhancing the humidity stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this study,a novel cross-linkable fullerene derivative,namely1-(p-benzoate-(p-methylvinylbenzene)-indolino[2,3][60]fullerene(FPPS),was readily synthesized from commercially available building blocks in two steps.This FPPS was employed as an interfacial modifier on perovskite surfaces in inverted planar p-i-n PSCs.Owing to the fast interfacial charge extraction and efficient trap passivation,PSCs based on the cross-linked FPPS(C-FPPS)exhibited excellent performance.The PSCs had a top-performing power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.82%with negligible hysteresis,compared to the control devices without C-PFFS(16.99%).Moreover,the strong water resistance of the C-FPPS interfacial layer distinctly enhances the ambient stability of PSC devices,exhibiting a t80(the time required to reach 80%of the initial PCE)of 300 h under high-humidity conditions.This significantly surpasses the control devices,whose t80 was only 130 h.These results demonstrate that cross-linkable fullerene derivatives can be promising interfacial materials for designing high-efficiency,hysteresis-free,air-stable PSCs.
