BACKGROUND It is possible that this condition will lead to urosepsis and progressive deterioration of renal function in the absence of surgical intervention.Several recent clinical studies have shown that multi-tract ...BACKGROUND It is possible that this condition will lead to urosepsis and progressive deterioration of renal function in the absence of surgical intervention.Several recent clinical studies have shown that multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL)has a similar stone free rate(SFR)as standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy(S-PCNL).As a result,M-PCNL was also recommended as a treatment option for staghorn calculi.AIM To examine the perioperative and long-term results of ultrasonography-guided single-and M-PCNL.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study.Between March 2021 and January 2022,the urology department of our hospital selected patients for the treatment of staghorn calculi using percutaneous nephrolithotomy.The primary outcomes were com plication rate and SFR,and the characteristics of patients,operative parameters,laboratory measurements were also collected.RESULTS In total,345 patients were enrolled in the study(186 in the S-PCNL group and 159 in the M-PCNL group).The SFR in the M-PCNL group was significantly higher than that in the S-PCNL group(P=0.033).Moreover,the incidence rates of hydrothorax(P=0.03)and postoperative infection(P=0.012)were higher in the M-PCNL group than in the S-PCNL group.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that post-operative white blood cell count(OR=2.57,95%CI:1.90-3.47,P<0.001)and stone size(OR=1.59,95%CI:1.27-2.00,P<0.001)were associated with a higher overall complication rate in the S-PCNL group.Body mass index(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.06-1.40,P=0.004)and stone size(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.35-2.15,P<0.001)were associated with increased overall complications in the M-PCNL group.CONCLUSION Multiple access tracts can facilitate higher SFR while slightly increasing the incidence of acceptable complications.展开更多
Numerous systems have been designed during the past three decades to improve bioavailability of ophthalmic drug delivery,including:ocular prodrugs and nanotechnology-based drug delivery system.The former can improve t...Numerous systems have been designed during the past three decades to improve bioavailability of ophthalmic drug delivery,including:ocular prodrugs and nanotechnology-based drug delivery system.The former can improve the efficacy of ocular drug via enhancing corneal penetration of ocular drugs,prolonging their duration of action and/or reducing the systemic side-effects,unfortunately,some characteristics of the pro-drugs,such as poorly aqueous stability,poorly aqueous solubility and severe eye irritation probably,limit their clinical practice and cannot be ignored.As we all know,nanotech-nology for ocular drug delivery can carry poorly soluble drugs,protect the encapsulated molecules from hydrolysis,control the rate of drug delivery and prolong the precorneal retention of drugs.All of these merits may solve the problems in the utilization of ocular prodrugs and increase the bioavailability of ocular drug delivery.By reviewing recent ad-vances of prodrugs and nanostructures in ocular drug delivery,this paper focus specifically on the promising prospects of nanocarriers overcoming the drawbacks of prodrugs for ophthalmic drug delivery by precorneal routes.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The prognostic prediction of liver transplantation(LT) guides the donor organ allocation. However, there is currently no satisfactory model to predict the recipients' outcome, especially for the patien...BACKGROUND: The prognostic prediction of liver transplantation(LT) guides the donor organ allocation. However, there is currently no satisfactory model to predict the recipients' outcome, especially for the patients with HBV cirrhosis-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). The present study was to develop a quantitative assessment model for predicting the post-LT survival in HBV-related HCC patients.METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-eight LT recipients at the Liver Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between 2008 and 2013 were included in this study. Their post-LT prognosis was recorded and multiple risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses in Cox regression.RESULTS: The score model was as follows: 0.114×(Child-Pugh score)-0.002×(positive HBV DNA detection time)+0.647×(number of tumor nodules)+0.055×(max diameter of tumor nodules)+0.231×ln AFP+0.437×(tumor differentiation grade).The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the scoring model for predicting the post-LT survival was 0.887. The cut-off value was 1.27, which was associated with a sensitivity of 72.5% and a specificity of 90.7%, respectively.CONCLUSION: The quantitative score model for predicting post-LT survival proved to be sensitive and specific.展开更多
AIM: To compare the clinical and microstructural changes induced by different transepithelial iontophoresis-assisted corneal cross-linking(I-CXL) methods for keratoconus. METHODS: A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients wit...AIM: To compare the clinical and microstructural changes induced by different transepithelial iontophoresis-assisted corneal cross-linking(I-CXL) methods for keratoconus. METHODS: A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients with progressive keratoconus were divided into two groups. Group A received I-CXL for 5min, while group B received I-CXL for 10 min. Visual acuity, optical coherence tomography(OCT), specular microscopy and confocal microscopy were evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo postoperatively. RESULTS: Twelve months after the operation, uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA) were improved in both groups, with a better outcome in the I-CXL 10 min group(P=0.025, 0.021, respectively). Kmax values decreased by 0.94±3.00 D in the I-CXL 10 min group(P=0.033) but increased by 1.87±3.29 D in the I-CXL 5min group(P=0.012). OCT scans showed that the demarcation line was most visible and substantially deeper in the I-CXL 10 min group. Confocal microscopy showed greater anterior stromal keratocyte decreases in the I-CXL 10 min group than in the I-CXL 5min group at 3 and 6mo postoperatively(P<0.001); however, anterior stromal keratocytes and subbasal nerve density were not significantly different between the two groups at 12 mo postoperatively.展开更多
Most hematological cancer-related relapses and deaths are caused by metastasis;thus,the importance of this process as a target of therapy should be considered.Hematological cancer is a type of cancer in which metaboli...Most hematological cancer-related relapses and deaths are caused by metastasis;thus,the importance of this process as a target of therapy should be considered.Hematological cancer is a type of cancer in which metabolism plays an essential role in progression.Therefore,we are required to block fundamental metastatic processes and develop specific preclinical and clinical strategies against those biomarkers involved in the metabolic regulation of hematological cancer cells,which do not rely on primary tumor responses.To understand progress in this field,we provide a summary of recent developments in the understanding of metabolism in hematological cancer and a general understanding of biomarkers currently used and under investigation for clinical and preclinical applications involving drug development.The signaling pathways involved in cancer cell metabolism are highlighted and shed light on how we could identify novel biomarkers involved in cancer development and treatment.This review provides new insights into biomolecular carriers that could be targeted as anticancer biomarkers.展开更多
Mining of minerals in Guizhou,China,where it is enriched with reserves,may lead to soil contamination with heavy metals.We assessed the risk of eight typical heavy metals in Guizhou soils by collecting province-wide d...Mining of minerals in Guizhou,China,where it is enriched with reserves,may lead to soil contamination with heavy metals.We assessed the risk of eight typical heavy metals in Guizhou soils by collecting province-wide data available in the literature and using the geo-accumulation index method,the ecological risk assessment method,and the USEPA health risk assessment model.The concentrations of eight heavy metals,except for Pb and Cr,were above the background levels.Soil heavy metal pollution evaluation results showed that As,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd,and Ni reached the pollution levels,while Hg fell into the category of moderate contamination.As,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,and Ni posed low potential ecological risk,while Cd and Hg demonstrated a considerable or a very high potential ecological risk.Totally,the integrated potential ecological risk was ranked“very high”.Regarding to health risk,the non-carcinogenic risks caused by heavy metals were insignificant,but the carcinogenic risk caused by As was significant.Consequently,there appeared serious soil contamination of Hg and As,with the latter also being the greatest potential risk to human health.Both Hg and As should stay at the highest priory for remediation efforts in Guizhou soils.展开更多
In this paper,the recently-developed singular boundary method is applied to address free boundary problems.This mesh-less numerical method is based on the use of the origin intensity factors with fundamental solutions...In this paper,the recently-developed singular boundary method is applied to address free boundary problems.This mesh-less numerical method is based on the use of the origin intensity factors with fundamental solutions.Three numerical examples and their results are compared with the results obtained using traditional methods.The comparisons indicate that the proposed scheme yields good results in determining the position of the free boundary.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND It is possible that this condition will lead to urosepsis and progressive deterioration of renal function in the absence of surgical intervention.Several recent clinical studies have shown that multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL)has a similar stone free rate(SFR)as standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy(S-PCNL).As a result,M-PCNL was also recommended as a treatment option for staghorn calculi.AIM To examine the perioperative and long-term results of ultrasonography-guided single-and M-PCNL.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study.Between March 2021 and January 2022,the urology department of our hospital selected patients for the treatment of staghorn calculi using percutaneous nephrolithotomy.The primary outcomes were com plication rate and SFR,and the characteristics of patients,operative parameters,laboratory measurements were also collected.RESULTS In total,345 patients were enrolled in the study(186 in the S-PCNL group and 159 in the M-PCNL group).The SFR in the M-PCNL group was significantly higher than that in the S-PCNL group(P=0.033).Moreover,the incidence rates of hydrothorax(P=0.03)and postoperative infection(P=0.012)were higher in the M-PCNL group than in the S-PCNL group.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that post-operative white blood cell count(OR=2.57,95%CI:1.90-3.47,P<0.001)and stone size(OR=1.59,95%CI:1.27-2.00,P<0.001)were associated with a higher overall complication rate in the S-PCNL group.Body mass index(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.06-1.40,P=0.004)and stone size(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.35-2.15,P<0.001)were associated with increased overall complications in the M-PCNL group.CONCLUSION Multiple access tracts can facilitate higher SFR while slightly increasing the incidence of acceptable complications.
基金special construction projects fund which belongs to“Taishan Scholar-Pharmacy Specially Recruited Experts”.
文摘Numerous systems have been designed during the past three decades to improve bioavailability of ophthalmic drug delivery,including:ocular prodrugs and nanotechnology-based drug delivery system.The former can improve the efficacy of ocular drug via enhancing corneal penetration of ocular drugs,prolonging their duration of action and/or reducing the systemic side-effects,unfortunately,some characteristics of the pro-drugs,such as poorly aqueous stability,poorly aqueous solubility and severe eye irritation probably,limit their clinical practice and cannot be ignored.As we all know,nanotech-nology for ocular drug delivery can carry poorly soluble drugs,protect the encapsulated molecules from hydrolysis,control the rate of drug delivery and prolong the precorneal retention of drugs.All of these merits may solve the problems in the utilization of ocular prodrugs and increase the bioavailability of ocular drug delivery.By reviewing recent ad-vances of prodrugs and nanostructures in ocular drug delivery,this paper focus specifically on the promising prospects of nanocarriers overcoming the drawbacks of prodrugs for ophthalmic drug delivery by precorneal routes.
基金supported by grants from National S&T Major Project(2012ZX10002017)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81121002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81200331)
文摘BACKGROUND: The prognostic prediction of liver transplantation(LT) guides the donor organ allocation. However, there is currently no satisfactory model to predict the recipients' outcome, especially for the patients with HBV cirrhosis-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). The present study was to develop a quantitative assessment model for predicting the post-LT survival in HBV-related HCC patients.METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-eight LT recipients at the Liver Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between 2008 and 2013 were included in this study. Their post-LT prognosis was recorded and multiple risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses in Cox regression.RESULTS: The score model was as follows: 0.114×(Child-Pugh score)-0.002×(positive HBV DNA detection time)+0.647×(number of tumor nodules)+0.055×(max diameter of tumor nodules)+0.231×ln AFP+0.437×(tumor differentiation grade).The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the scoring model for predicting the post-LT survival was 0.887. The cut-off value was 1.27, which was associated with a sensitivity of 72.5% and a specificity of 90.7%, respectively.CONCLUSION: The quantitative score model for predicting post-LT survival proved to be sensitive and specific.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2016JJ2163)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2015CFC837)+1 种基金Health and Family Planning Committee Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.WJ2015MB259)Health and Family Planning Committee Science Foundation of Wuhan Municipality(No.WX17A13)
文摘AIM: To compare the clinical and microstructural changes induced by different transepithelial iontophoresis-assisted corneal cross-linking(I-CXL) methods for keratoconus. METHODS: A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients with progressive keratoconus were divided into two groups. Group A received I-CXL for 5min, while group B received I-CXL for 10 min. Visual acuity, optical coherence tomography(OCT), specular microscopy and confocal microscopy were evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo postoperatively. RESULTS: Twelve months after the operation, uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA) and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA) were improved in both groups, with a better outcome in the I-CXL 10 min group(P=0.025, 0.021, respectively). Kmax values decreased by 0.94±3.00 D in the I-CXL 10 min group(P=0.033) but increased by 1.87±3.29 D in the I-CXL 5min group(P=0.012). OCT scans showed that the demarcation line was most visible and substantially deeper in the I-CXL 10 min group. Confocal microscopy showed greater anterior stromal keratocyte decreases in the I-CXL 10 min group than in the I-CXL 5min group at 3 and 6mo postoperatively(P<0.001); however, anterior stromal keratocytes and subbasal nerve density were not significantly different between the two groups at 12 mo postoperatively.
基金Supported by Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No. SZSM201512033Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialties,No. SZGSP012+1 种基金Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No. SZXK034Shenzhen Healthcare Research Project,No. SZLY2018015
文摘Most hematological cancer-related relapses and deaths are caused by metastasis;thus,the importance of this process as a target of therapy should be considered.Hematological cancer is a type of cancer in which metabolism plays an essential role in progression.Therefore,we are required to block fundamental metastatic processes and develop specific preclinical and clinical strategies against those biomarkers involved in the metabolic regulation of hematological cancer cells,which do not rely on primary tumor responses.To understand progress in this field,we provide a summary of recent developments in the understanding of metabolism in hematological cancer and a general understanding of biomarkers currently used and under investigation for clinical and preclinical applications involving drug development.The signaling pathways involved in cancer cell metabolism are highlighted and shed light on how we could identify novel biomarkers involved in cancer development and treatment.This review provides new insights into biomolecular carriers that could be targeted as anticancer biomarkers.
基金This work was supported by the College PhD Research Startup Fund[tyxyDH1701,tyxyDH1702]Guizhou Provincial Department of Education Youth Science and Technology Talents Growth Project[QJH KY[2018]349]Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Safe-Product[19cdhj-5].
文摘Mining of minerals in Guizhou,China,where it is enriched with reserves,may lead to soil contamination with heavy metals.We assessed the risk of eight typical heavy metals in Guizhou soils by collecting province-wide data available in the literature and using the geo-accumulation index method,the ecological risk assessment method,and the USEPA health risk assessment model.The concentrations of eight heavy metals,except for Pb and Cr,were above the background levels.Soil heavy metal pollution evaluation results showed that As,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd,and Ni reached the pollution levels,while Hg fell into the category of moderate contamination.As,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,and Ni posed low potential ecological risk,while Cd and Hg demonstrated a considerable or a very high potential ecological risk.Totally,the integrated potential ecological risk was ranked“very high”.Regarding to health risk,the non-carcinogenic risks caused by heavy metals were insignificant,but the carcinogenic risk caused by As was significant.Consequently,there appeared serious soil contamination of Hg and As,with the latter also being the greatest potential risk to human health.Both Hg and As should stay at the highest priory for remediation efforts in Guizhou soils.
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21272178）, the Natural Science Founda- tion of Zhejiang Province （Nos. R4110294 and LY12B02010）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11702083)the open research fund of Guangxi key laboratory of water engineering materials and structures,Guangxi institute of water resources research(No.GXHRIWEMS-2019-05).
文摘In this paper,the recently-developed singular boundary method is applied to address free boundary problems.This mesh-less numerical method is based on the use of the origin intensity factors with fundamental solutions.Three numerical examples and their results are compared with the results obtained using traditional methods.The comparisons indicate that the proposed scheme yields good results in determining the position of the free boundary.
