Background:Effective management of imported cases is an important part of epidemic prevention and control.Hainan Province,China reported 168 coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),including 112 imported cases on February ...Background:Effective management of imported cases is an important part of epidemic prevention and control.Hainan Province,China reported 168 coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),including 112 imported cases on February 19,2020,but successfully contained the epidemic within 1 month.We described the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in Hainan and compared these features between imported and local cases to provide information for other international epidemic areas.Methods:We included 91 patients(56 imported and 35 local cases)from two designated hospitals for COVID-19 in Haikou,China,from January 20 to February 19,2020.Data on the demographic,epidemiological,clinical and laboratory characteristics were extracted from medical records.Patients were followed until April 21,2020,and the levels of antibodies at the follow-ups were also analysed by the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranks test.Results:Of the 91 patients,78(85.7%)patients were diagnosed within the first three weeks after the first case was identified(Day 1:Jan 22,2020),while the number of local cases started to increase during the third week No new cases occurred after Day 29.Fever and cough were two main clinical manifestations.In total,15(16.5%)patients were severe,14(15.4%)had complicated infections,nine(9.9%)were admitted to the intensive care unit,and three died.The median duration of viral shedding in feces was longer than that in nasopharyngeal swabs(19 days vs 16 days,P=0.007).Compared with local cases,imported cases were older and had a higher incidence of fever and concurrent infections.There was no difference in outcomes between the two groups.IgG was positive in 92.8%patients(77/83)in the follow-up at week 2 after discharge,while 88.4%patients(38/43)had a reduction in IgG levels in the follow-up at week 4 after discharge,and the median level was lower than that in the follow-up at week 2(10.95 S/Cut Off(S/CO)vs 15.02 S/CO,P<0.001).Conclusion:Imported cases were more severe than local cases but had similar prognoses.The level of IgG antibodies declined from week 6 to week 8 after onset.The short epidemic period in Hainan suggests that the epidemic could be quickly brought under control if proper timely measures were taken.展开更多
We present a simple and straightforward protocol for hydrochlorination of terminal arylalkynes to vinyl chlorides using hydrogen chloride under mild reaction conditions. This protocol does not involve any metal cataly...We present a simple and straightforward protocol for hydrochlorination of terminal arylalkynes to vinyl chlorides using hydrogen chloride under mild reaction conditions. This protocol does not involve any metal catalysts or additives. It is simple, inexpensive, and easy to prepare, and exhibits good reaction activity. The hydrochlorination proceeds smoothly to yield unique regioselective products via the Markovnikov addition rule.展开更多
基金This study was funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project(Bing-Liang Lin,2018ZX10302204,Bing-Liang Lin,2017ZX10203201003)the Emergency special program for 2019-nCoV of Guangdong province science and technology project(GDSTP-ESP)(Zhi-Liang Gao,2020B111105001)+1 种基金the Tackling of key scientific and emergency special program of Sun Yat-sen University[SYSU-TKSESP,Bing-Liang Lin]the Emergency special program for 2019-nCov of Bethune Medical Science Research Fund(Biao Wu,2020SG070DS).
文摘Background:Effective management of imported cases is an important part of epidemic prevention and control.Hainan Province,China reported 168 coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),including 112 imported cases on February 19,2020,but successfully contained the epidemic within 1 month.We described the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in Hainan and compared these features between imported and local cases to provide information for other international epidemic areas.Methods:We included 91 patients(56 imported and 35 local cases)from two designated hospitals for COVID-19 in Haikou,China,from January 20 to February 19,2020.Data on the demographic,epidemiological,clinical and laboratory characteristics were extracted from medical records.Patients were followed until April 21,2020,and the levels of antibodies at the follow-ups were also analysed by the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranks test.Results:Of the 91 patients,78(85.7%)patients were diagnosed within the first three weeks after the first case was identified(Day 1:Jan 22,2020),while the number of local cases started to increase during the third week No new cases occurred after Day 29.Fever and cough were two main clinical manifestations.In total,15(16.5%)patients were severe,14(15.4%)had complicated infections,nine(9.9%)were admitted to the intensive care unit,and three died.The median duration of viral shedding in feces was longer than that in nasopharyngeal swabs(19 days vs 16 days,P=0.007).Compared with local cases,imported cases were older and had a higher incidence of fever and concurrent infections.There was no difference in outcomes between the two groups.IgG was positive in 92.8%patients(77/83)in the follow-up at week 2 after discharge,while 88.4%patients(38/43)had a reduction in IgG levels in the follow-up at week 4 after discharge,and the median level was lower than that in the follow-up at week 2(10.95 S/Cut Off(S/CO)vs 15.02 S/CO,P<0.001).Conclusion:Imported cases were more severe than local cases but had similar prognoses.The level of IgG antibodies declined from week 6 to week 8 after onset.The short epidemic period in Hainan suggests that the epidemic could be quickly brought under control if proper timely measures were taken.
基金financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2012CB720300)the Applied Basic Research Program of Bingtuan(No.2015AG001)the High-level Talent Scientific Research Project of Shihezi University(No.RCZX201405)
文摘We present a simple and straightforward protocol for hydrochlorination of terminal arylalkynes to vinyl chlorides using hydrogen chloride under mild reaction conditions. This protocol does not involve any metal catalysts or additives. It is simple, inexpensive, and easy to prepare, and exhibits good reaction activity. The hydrochlorination proceeds smoothly to yield unique regioselective products via the Markovnikov addition rule.
