Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTI...Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTImus). Our objectives were to identify the determinants of TTImus in healthy children and to report normal values of TTImus in this population.Methods: We measured weight, height, upper arm muscle area(UAMA), and TTImusin 96 children aged 6–18 years. The level and frequency of aerobic activity was assessed by questionnaire.Results: TTImuswas significantly lower in male subjects(0.095 ± 0.038, mean ± SD) compared with female subjects(0.126 ± 0.056)(p = 0.002).TTImus was significantly lower in regularly exercising(0.093 ± 0.040) compared with nonexercising subjects(0.130 ± 0.053)(p < 0.001). TTImus was significantly negatively related to age(r =-0.239, p = 0.019), weight(r =-0.214, p = 0.037), height(r =-0.355, p < 0.001), and UAMA(r =-0.222, p = 0.030). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that height and aerobic exercise were significantly related to TTImus independently of age, weight, and UAMA. The predictive regression equation for TTImus in male subjects was TTImus = 0.228-0.001 × height(cm), and in female subjects it was TTImus = 0.320-0.001 × height(cm).Conclusion: Gender, age, anthropometry, skeletal muscularity, and aerobic exercise are significantly associated with indices of inspiratory muscle function in children. Normal values of TTImus in healthy children are reported.展开更多
Introduction: Respiratory muscle strength can be assessed by static mouth measurements of maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax) and maximal expiratory pressure (Pemax). Impaired respiratory muscle strength is common in...Introduction: Respiratory muscle strength can be assessed by static mouth measurements of maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax) and maximal expiratory pressure (Pemax). Impaired respiratory muscle strength is common in neuromuscular and obstructive pulmonary disease such as Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Maximal respiratory pressures can easily be measured with a portable manometer on the bedside and in the community. Our objective was to compare maximal respiratory pressures as measured by standard laboratory equipment and the portable mouth pressure meter Micro RPM. Methods: Pimax and Pemax were assessed in 296 healthy subjects and patients with CF with the Micro RPM and standard laboratory equipment. The Micro RPM measures and digitally displays maximal respiratory pressures after averageing over a one second period. Standard laboratory equipment consisted of a differential pressure transducer, whose amplified signals were analyzed by Lab-VIEW software. Each subject performed at least five reproducible maneuvers after familiarizing with the equipment. Results: The Micro RPM accurately measured maximal inspiratory and maximal expiratory pressures both in healthy individuals as well as in patients with CF. Mean difference (standard deviation) of the methods was 1.37 (17.73) cm H2O for Pimax maneuvers and 1.84 (9.09) cm H2O for Pemax maneuvers. Conclusions: The Micro RPM can relia-bly and accurately measure maximal respiratory mouth pressures and its use could be applied both in the clinical and the research setting.展开更多
Acute poisoning remains a major public health problem in childhood worldwide[1,2].The profile of these incidents differs between countries[1-3].In general,unintentional poisonings occur in children younger than 5 year...Acute poisoning remains a major public health problem in childhood worldwide[1,2].The profile of these incidents differs between countries[1-3].In general,unintentional poisonings occur in children younger than 5 years,while intentional poisonings,usually suicide attempts,involve teenagers[1-3].展开更多
文摘Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTImus). Our objectives were to identify the determinants of TTImus in healthy children and to report normal values of TTImus in this population.Methods: We measured weight, height, upper arm muscle area(UAMA), and TTImusin 96 children aged 6–18 years. The level and frequency of aerobic activity was assessed by questionnaire.Results: TTImuswas significantly lower in male subjects(0.095 ± 0.038, mean ± SD) compared with female subjects(0.126 ± 0.056)(p = 0.002).TTImus was significantly lower in regularly exercising(0.093 ± 0.040) compared with nonexercising subjects(0.130 ± 0.053)(p < 0.001). TTImus was significantly negatively related to age(r =-0.239, p = 0.019), weight(r =-0.214, p = 0.037), height(r =-0.355, p < 0.001), and UAMA(r =-0.222, p = 0.030). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that height and aerobic exercise were significantly related to TTImus independently of age, weight, and UAMA. The predictive regression equation for TTImus in male subjects was TTImus = 0.228-0.001 × height(cm), and in female subjects it was TTImus = 0.320-0.001 × height(cm).Conclusion: Gender, age, anthropometry, skeletal muscularity, and aerobic exercise are significantly associated with indices of inspiratory muscle function in children. Normal values of TTImus in healthy children are reported.
文摘Introduction: Respiratory muscle strength can be assessed by static mouth measurements of maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax) and maximal expiratory pressure (Pemax). Impaired respiratory muscle strength is common in neuromuscular and obstructive pulmonary disease such as Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Maximal respiratory pressures can easily be measured with a portable manometer on the bedside and in the community. Our objective was to compare maximal respiratory pressures as measured by standard laboratory equipment and the portable mouth pressure meter Micro RPM. Methods: Pimax and Pemax were assessed in 296 healthy subjects and patients with CF with the Micro RPM and standard laboratory equipment. The Micro RPM measures and digitally displays maximal respiratory pressures after averageing over a one second period. Standard laboratory equipment consisted of a differential pressure transducer, whose amplified signals were analyzed by Lab-VIEW software. Each subject performed at least five reproducible maneuvers after familiarizing with the equipment. Results: The Micro RPM accurately measured maximal inspiratory and maximal expiratory pressures both in healthy individuals as well as in patients with CF. Mean difference (standard deviation) of the methods was 1.37 (17.73) cm H2O for Pimax maneuvers and 1.84 (9.09) cm H2O for Pemax maneuvers. Conclusions: The Micro RPM can relia-bly and accurately measure maximal respiratory mouth pressures and its use could be applied both in the clinical and the research setting.
文摘Acute poisoning remains a major public health problem in childhood worldwide[1,2].The profile of these incidents differs between countries[1-3].In general,unintentional poisonings occur in children younger than 5 years,while intentional poisonings,usually suicide attempts,involve teenagers[1-3].
