由于“一带一路”的开放性决策,许多共建“一带一路”国家的留学研究生进入南京医科大学学习。由于留学研究生的文化背景存在诸多差异,给留学研究生的教学带来一定挑战。基于传统课堂教学方法的改革是提高留学研究生课堂效果的必要途径...由于“一带一路”的开放性决策,许多共建“一带一路”国家的留学研究生进入南京医科大学学习。由于留学研究生的文化背景存在诸多差异,给留学研究生的教学带来一定挑战。基于传统课堂教学方法的改革是提高留学研究生课堂效果的必要途径,也是我校作为新一批“双一流”高校的必然要求。“共情-模块化”方法是在充分调研、了解留学研究生的背景前提下,根据不同研究生的知识基础、文化背景,模块化设置课程内容,精准对标留学研究生的知识薄弱点,提高课程成绩及课堂教学效果。以“Principles and Methods of Clinical and Translational Medicine”(PMCT)为例,在教学实践中,深入剖析“共情-模块化”方法的主要特点、关键环节和存在问题;进一步探索后疫情时代下,针对留学研究生采用“共情-模块化”教学方法的可行性;最终建立健全来华留学研究生的教学方法以及常态化育人体系。展开更多
背景:空心拉力螺钉技术治疗峡部裂有很多优势,但依然存在内固定的断裂、松动的风险。目的:通过三维有限元软件建立L-S正常模型、峡部裂模型及空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂模型,分析空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂的生物力学稳定性。方法:选...背景:空心拉力螺钉技术治疗峡部裂有很多优势,但依然存在内固定的断裂、松动的风险。目的:通过三维有限元软件建立L-S正常模型、峡部裂模型及空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂模型,分析空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂的生物力学稳定性。方法:选择1名男性健康青年军人志愿者,对志愿者腰椎、骶椎进行三维CT扫描,获取影像学数据并保存为Dicom格式。将CT数据导入Mimics research 21.0软件初步建立几何模型,并进行偏差分析,将所得模型以STEP格式输出;再导入Solidworks 21.0软件分别建立L-S节段正常、L双侧峡部裂、空心拉力螺钉治疗峡部裂3组模型,分别用A,B,C表示,比较轴向压缩、前屈、后伸、左侧弯、左旋转5种工况下3组模型的生物力学特点。结果与结论:①相比于A,C模型,B模型在轴向压缩、前屈、后伸、左侧弯、左旋转5种工况下的整体最大位移均为最大,而A,C整体最大位移相差不明显;②C模型去除内固定之后,最大应力趋势与A模型相近,而B模型在左侧弯及左旋转时应力明显高于A,C模型;③3组模型的整体最大转角表明,B模型在5种工况下的最大转角明显大于A,C模型,A,C模型相似;3组模型L椎体的活动度变化不明显;而B模型L椎体的活动度明显高于A,C模型,在左侧旋转及左侧弯时更明显;④结果说明,脊柱生理运动状态下,空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂模型的变化趋势同正常模型,可获得良好的生物力学稳定性,保留了脊柱的正常力学特性,但应避免术后即刻过度的后伸及旋转。展开更多
Secondary storage spaces with very complex geometries are well developed in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,which is taken as a study case in this paper.It is still not clear how the secondary stora...Secondary storage spaces with very complex geometries are well developed in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,which is taken as a study case in this paper.It is still not clear how the secondary storage space shape influences the P-& S-wave velocities (or elastic properties) in complex carbonate reservoirs.In this paper,three classical rock physics models (Wyllie timeaverage equation,Gassmann equation and the Kuster-Toks z model) are comparably analyzed for their construction principles and actual velocity prediction results,aiming at determining the most favourable rock physics model to consider the influence of secondary storage space shape.Then relationships between the P-& S-wave velocities in carbonate reservoirs and geometric shapes of secondary storage spaces are discussed from different aspects based on actual well data by employing the favourable rock physics model.To explain the influence of secondary storage space shape on V P-V S relationship,it is analyzed for the differences of S-wave velocities between derived from common empirical relationships (including Castagna's mud rock line and Greenberg-Castagna V P-V S relationship) and predicted by the rock physics model.We advocate that V P-V S relationship for complex carbonate reservoirs should be built for different storage space types.For the carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,the V P-V S relationships for fractured,fractured-cavernous,and fractured-hole-vuggy reservoirs are respectively built on the basis of velocity prediction and secondary storage space type determination.Through the discussion above,it is expected that the velocity prediction and the V P-V S relationships for complex carbonate reservoirs should fully consider the influence of secondary storage space shape,thus providing more reasonable constraints for prestack inversion,further building a foundation for realizing carbonate reservoir prediction and fluid prediction.展开更多
The major storage space types in the carbonate reservoir in the Ordovician in the TZ45 area are secondary dissolution caves.For the prediction of caved carbonate reservoir,post-stack methods are commonly used in the o...The major storage space types in the carbonate reservoir in the Ordovician in the TZ45 area are secondary dissolution caves.For the prediction of caved carbonate reservoir,post-stack methods are commonly used in the oilfield at present since pre-stack inversion is always limited by poor seismic data quality and insufficient logging data.In this paper,based on amplitude preserved seismic data processing and rock-physics analysis,pre-stack inversion is employed to predict the caved carbonate reservoir in TZ45 area by seriously controlling the quality of inversion procedures.These procedures mainly include angle-gather conversion,partial stack,wavelet estimation,low-frequency model building and inversion residual analysis.The amplitude-preserved data processing method can achieve high quality data based on the principle that they are very consistent with the synthetics.Besides,the foundation of pre-stack inversion and reservoir prediction criterion can be established by the connection between reservoir property and seismic reflection through rock-physics analysis.Finally,the inversion result is consistent with drilling wells in most cases.It is concluded that integrated with amplitude-preserved processing and rock-physics,pre-stack inversion can be effectively applied in the caved carbonate reservoir prediction.展开更多
The carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin are characterized by anisotropy and strong heterogeneity.Combined with an integrated analysis of data from seismic,geology,and drilling results,a series of attributes which ...The carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin are characterized by anisotropy and strong heterogeneity.Combined with an integrated analysis of data from seismic,geology,and drilling results,a series of attributes which are suitable for fractured and caved carbonate reservoir prediction is discussed,including amplitude,coherence analysis,spectra decomposition,seismic absorption attenuation analysis and impedance inversion.Moreover,3-D optimization of these attributes is achieved by integration of multivariate discriminant analysis and principle component analysis,where the logging data are taken as training samples.Using the optimized results,the spatial distribution and configuration features of the caved reservoirs can be characterized in detail.This technique not only improves the understanding of the spatial distribution of current reservoirs but also provides a significant basis for the discovery and production of carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.展开更多
研究了5 L PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)桶装花生油和镀锡马口铁桶装花生油,在不同贮藏温度下挥发性物质及理化品质的变化规律。结果表明:15℃恒温贮藏的花生油挥发性物质的总量随着贮藏时间的延长逐渐减少,而室内环境贮藏和25℃恒温贮藏的...研究了5 L PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)桶装花生油和镀锡马口铁桶装花生油,在不同贮藏温度下挥发性物质及理化品质的变化规律。结果表明:15℃恒温贮藏的花生油挥发性物质的总量随着贮藏时间的延长逐渐减少,而室内环境贮藏和25℃恒温贮藏的花生油挥发性物质的总量随着贮藏时间的延长呈先减少后逐渐增大的变化趋势。花生油在贮藏过程中吡嗪类物质整体变化不大,具有甜香味风味特征的苯乙醛、麦芽酚含量随着贮藏时间的延长呈现明显的减少趋势,且贮藏温度越高,二者的含量减少趋势越明显。己醛、2-庚烯醛、辛醛、壬醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛等含量在贮藏过程中随贮藏时间的延长而逐渐增加。呋喃类如2-戊基呋喃、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃的含量随贮藏时间的延长呈现减少的趋势。其他小分子的酮类、醇类、酸类及酯类等含量在贮藏前后都相对不高。苯乙醛和己醛是本试验追踪的所有47种挥发性物质中变化最剧烈的两个化合物。总体而言,贮藏温度越低,越有利于花生油良好风味的保持。镀锡马口铁桶装花生油的酸价和过氧化值的增长比PET桶装的慢,相同贮藏条件下,镀锡马口铁桶装花生油感官评分更高。镀锡马口铁桶对于花生油贮藏过程中风味、品质的保护能力整体优于PET桶。展开更多
文摘由于“一带一路”的开放性决策,许多共建“一带一路”国家的留学研究生进入南京医科大学学习。由于留学研究生的文化背景存在诸多差异,给留学研究生的教学带来一定挑战。基于传统课堂教学方法的改革是提高留学研究生课堂效果的必要途径,也是我校作为新一批“双一流”高校的必然要求。“共情-模块化”方法是在充分调研、了解留学研究生的背景前提下,根据不同研究生的知识基础、文化背景,模块化设置课程内容,精准对标留学研究生的知识薄弱点,提高课程成绩及课堂教学效果。以“Principles and Methods of Clinical and Translational Medicine”(PMCT)为例,在教学实践中,深入剖析“共情-模块化”方法的主要特点、关键环节和存在问题;进一步探索后疫情时代下,针对留学研究生采用“共情-模块化”教学方法的可行性;最终建立健全来华留学研究生的教学方法以及常态化育人体系。
文摘背景:空心拉力螺钉技术治疗峡部裂有很多优势,但依然存在内固定的断裂、松动的风险。目的:通过三维有限元软件建立L-S正常模型、峡部裂模型及空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂模型,分析空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂的生物力学稳定性。方法:选择1名男性健康青年军人志愿者,对志愿者腰椎、骶椎进行三维CT扫描,获取影像学数据并保存为Dicom格式。将CT数据导入Mimics research 21.0软件初步建立几何模型,并进行偏差分析,将所得模型以STEP格式输出;再导入Solidworks 21.0软件分别建立L-S节段正常、L双侧峡部裂、空心拉力螺钉治疗峡部裂3组模型,分别用A,B,C表示,比较轴向压缩、前屈、后伸、左侧弯、左旋转5种工况下3组模型的生物力学特点。结果与结论:①相比于A,C模型,B模型在轴向压缩、前屈、后伸、左侧弯、左旋转5种工况下的整体最大位移均为最大,而A,C整体最大位移相差不明显;②C模型去除内固定之后,最大应力趋势与A模型相近,而B模型在左侧弯及左旋转时应力明显高于A,C模型;③3组模型的整体最大转角表明,B模型在5种工况下的最大转角明显大于A,C模型,A,C模型相似;3组模型L椎体的活动度变化不明显;而B模型L椎体的活动度明显高于A,C模型,在左侧旋转及左侧弯时更明显;④结果说明,脊柱生理运动状态下,空心拉力螺钉治疗腰椎峡部裂模型的变化趋势同正常模型,可获得良好的生物力学稳定性,保留了脊柱的正常力学特性,但应避免术后即刻过度的后伸及旋转。
基金co-supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB201103)the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2011ZX05004003)
文摘Secondary storage spaces with very complex geometries are well developed in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,which is taken as a study case in this paper.It is still not clear how the secondary storage space shape influences the P-& S-wave velocities (or elastic properties) in complex carbonate reservoirs.In this paper,three classical rock physics models (Wyllie timeaverage equation,Gassmann equation and the Kuster-Toks z model) are comparably analyzed for their construction principles and actual velocity prediction results,aiming at determining the most favourable rock physics model to consider the influence of secondary storage space shape.Then relationships between the P-& S-wave velocities in carbonate reservoirs and geometric shapes of secondary storage spaces are discussed from different aspects based on actual well data by employing the favourable rock physics model.To explain the influence of secondary storage space shape on V P-V S relationship,it is analyzed for the differences of S-wave velocities between derived from common empirical relationships (including Castagna's mud rock line and Greenberg-Castagna V P-V S relationship) and predicted by the rock physics model.We advocate that V P-V S relationship for complex carbonate reservoirs should be built for different storage space types.For the carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin,the V P-V S relationships for fractured,fractured-cavernous,and fractured-hole-vuggy reservoirs are respectively built on the basis of velocity prediction and secondary storage space type determination.Through the discussion above,it is expected that the velocity prediction and the V P-V S relationships for complex carbonate reservoirs should fully consider the influence of secondary storage space shape,thus providing more reasonable constraints for prestack inversion,further building a foundation for realizing carbonate reservoir prediction and fluid prediction.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program(2006CB202304)of Chinaco-supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB201103)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2011ZX05004003)
文摘The major storage space types in the carbonate reservoir in the Ordovician in the TZ45 area are secondary dissolution caves.For the prediction of caved carbonate reservoir,post-stack methods are commonly used in the oilfield at present since pre-stack inversion is always limited by poor seismic data quality and insufficient logging data.In this paper,based on amplitude preserved seismic data processing and rock-physics analysis,pre-stack inversion is employed to predict the caved carbonate reservoir in TZ45 area by seriously controlling the quality of inversion procedures.These procedures mainly include angle-gather conversion,partial stack,wavelet estimation,low-frequency model building and inversion residual analysis.The amplitude-preserved data processing method can achieve high quality data based on the principle that they are very consistent with the synthetics.Besides,the foundation of pre-stack inversion and reservoir prediction criterion can be established by the connection between reservoir property and seismic reflection through rock-physics analysis.Finally,the inversion result is consistent with drilling wells in most cases.It is concluded that integrated with amplitude-preserved processing and rock-physics,pre-stack inversion can be effectively applied in the caved carbonate reservoir prediction.
基金co-supported by the National Basic Resarch Program of China (Grant No.2011CB201103)the National Scince and Technology Major Project (Grant No.2011ZX05004003)
文摘The carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin are characterized by anisotropy and strong heterogeneity.Combined with an integrated analysis of data from seismic,geology,and drilling results,a series of attributes which are suitable for fractured and caved carbonate reservoir prediction is discussed,including amplitude,coherence analysis,spectra decomposition,seismic absorption attenuation analysis and impedance inversion.Moreover,3-D optimization of these attributes is achieved by integration of multivariate discriminant analysis and principle component analysis,where the logging data are taken as training samples.Using the optimized results,the spatial distribution and configuration features of the caved reservoirs can be characterized in detail.This technique not only improves the understanding of the spatial distribution of current reservoirs but also provides a significant basis for the discovery and production of carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.
文摘研究了5 L PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)桶装花生油和镀锡马口铁桶装花生油,在不同贮藏温度下挥发性物质及理化品质的变化规律。结果表明:15℃恒温贮藏的花生油挥发性物质的总量随着贮藏时间的延长逐渐减少,而室内环境贮藏和25℃恒温贮藏的花生油挥发性物质的总量随着贮藏时间的延长呈先减少后逐渐增大的变化趋势。花生油在贮藏过程中吡嗪类物质整体变化不大,具有甜香味风味特征的苯乙醛、麦芽酚含量随着贮藏时间的延长呈现明显的减少趋势,且贮藏温度越高,二者的含量减少趋势越明显。己醛、2-庚烯醛、辛醛、壬醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛等含量在贮藏过程中随贮藏时间的延长而逐渐增加。呋喃类如2-戊基呋喃、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃的含量随贮藏时间的延长呈现减少的趋势。其他小分子的酮类、醇类、酸类及酯类等含量在贮藏前后都相对不高。苯乙醛和己醛是本试验追踪的所有47种挥发性物质中变化最剧烈的两个化合物。总体而言,贮藏温度越低,越有利于花生油良好风味的保持。镀锡马口铁桶装花生油的酸价和过氧化值的增长比PET桶装的慢,相同贮藏条件下,镀锡马口铁桶装花生油感官评分更高。镀锡马口铁桶对于花生油贮藏过程中风味、品质的保护能力整体优于PET桶。
