Germination tests are currently the most widely used method to evaluate seed quality of Ginkgo biloba L., but they are time-consuming and labor intensive. Oxygensensing technology, based on the principle of fluorescen...Germination tests are currently the most widely used method to evaluate seed quality of Ginkgo biloba L., but they are time-consuming and labor intensive. Oxygensensing technology, based on the principle of fluorescence quenching to detect oxygen and assess seed quality was used to rapidly evaluate seed quality of two varieties(Shandong Tancheng 202 and Zhejiang Dafoshou) of G. biloba from five mother plants. Fifteen samples of three vigor levels were produced by accelerated aging treatments. This process was applied in duplicate. A portable oxygen-sensing detector was employed to measure oxygen content during seed germination in a closed system at 25 °C each day until day 14. Four oxygen metabolism indices were calculated: oxygen consumption index, oxygen consumption rate, critical oxygen concentration, and theoretical germination time(TGT).Additionally, we tested laboratory germination and field emergence. The results of a one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis showed that TGTwas the candidate index to evaluate seed quality of G. biloba. Therefore, the TGT value was used to validate the reliability of oxygen-sensing evaluation for Zhejiang Dafoshou seeds kept under four storage conditions. The trend in the change in oxygen metabolism agreed completely agreement with that of seed germination under all storage conditions. The oxygensensing test reliably and rapidly assessed seed quality of G.biloba. The germination rate of Zhejiang Dafoshou was accurately predicted by TGT.展开更多
Although most Sinojackia species are endangered, they contribute greatly to the biodiversity of local ecosystems. Sinojackia microcarpa, an endangered species, is distributed only in three provinces of eastern China. ...Although most Sinojackia species are endangered, they contribute greatly to the biodiversity of local ecosystems. Sinojackia microcarpa, an endangered species, is distributed only in three provinces of eastern China. Determining the genetic diversity of S. microcarpa provides key information for germplasm evaluation and species conservation. Here we used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to investigate the genetic diversity of eight natural populations of S. microcarpa. Leaf samples were collected from 144 individuals in 8 wild populations. The 156 bands were generated from 14 pairs of informative SSR primers, with an average percentage of polymorphic bands of 45.67%. The average values of Nei’s genetic diversity (He) and Shannon’s diversity index (I) were 0.1007 and 0.1658, respectively. The total genetic variation of S. microcarpa existed mainly within the eight populations, rather than among populations, and reached 86.41%. A cluster analysis showed that the eight wild populations of S. microcarpa could be classified into four groups, at a threshold of 4.0, based on an analysis of the SSR genotypes. Furthermore, there was a significant association between the phylogenetic relationships and the geographic locations of the S. microcarpa populations. In particular, populations from Fuyang, Jiande, and Lin’an in Zhejiang Province had close phylogenetic relationships and geographic distances. In addition, these three populations had the highest genetic diversity and the most individuals, suggesting that these three locations may be the S.microcarpa distribution center. This study serves as a model for studying the genetic diversity of endangered plant species.展开更多
The parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of six rare and endangered species Neolitsea sericea, Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii, Sinojackia microcarpa, Discocleidion glabrum var. trichocarp...The parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of six rare and endangered species Neolitsea sericea, Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii, Sinojackia microcarpa, Discocleidion glabrum var. trichocarpum, Parrotia subaequalis, Cercidiphyllum japonicum were measured in fields. The results showed that there were significant differences in photosynthetic capacity, intrinsic water use efficiency(WUEi), the efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PSⅡ and its potential activity, the quantum yield of PSⅡ electron transport, and the potential capacity of heat dissipation among the six species. However, there was no significant difference in WUE. The highest values of net photosynthetic rate(Pn), transpiration rate(Tr) and stomatal conductance(gs) occurred in D. glabrum var. trichocarpum and the lowest in S. microcarpa. On the contrary, D. glabrum var. trichocarpum had the lowest WUE, intrinsic water use efficiency(WUEi) and S. microcarpa had the highest. The results indicated that D. glabrum var. trichocarpum had higher photosynthetic capacity and poorer WUE, while S. microcarpa had lower photosynthetic capacity and greater WUE. Furthermore, the mean values of maximal fluorescence(Fm), potential efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PS Ⅱ(Fv/Fm),ΦPSⅡ, actual efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PSⅡ(F′v/F′m)and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ) were the highest in S. microcarpa, indicating that its PS Ⅱ had higher capacity of heat dissipation and could prevent photosynthetic apparatus from damage by excessive light energy. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations among photosynthetic physiological parameters. However, the initial fluorescence(Fo) was not significantly correlated with any other parameters. This study also revealed the extremely significant positive correlations between Pn and Tr, gs, apparent quantum yield(AQY), between Tr and gs, between light saturation point(LSP) and AQY, between Fv/Fm and Fm, between ΦPSⅡ and photochemical quenching coefficient(qp), between Tr,gs and LSP, AQY. However, WUEiwas significantly negatively correlated with Tr,gs, Pn, LSP and AQY.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371712,30800890)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY13C130011,LY13C16007)+2 种基金Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201303002)the Graduate Special Fund Innovative Projects of Jiangxi Province(YC2014-B035)the University Teachers’Professional Development Project of Zhejiang Province(FX2015050)
文摘Germination tests are currently the most widely used method to evaluate seed quality of Ginkgo biloba L., but they are time-consuming and labor intensive. Oxygensensing technology, based on the principle of fluorescence quenching to detect oxygen and assess seed quality was used to rapidly evaluate seed quality of two varieties(Shandong Tancheng 202 and Zhejiang Dafoshou) of G. biloba from five mother plants. Fifteen samples of three vigor levels were produced by accelerated aging treatments. This process was applied in duplicate. A portable oxygen-sensing detector was employed to measure oxygen content during seed germination in a closed system at 25 °C each day until day 14. Four oxygen metabolism indices were calculated: oxygen consumption index, oxygen consumption rate, critical oxygen concentration, and theoretical germination time(TGT).Additionally, we tested laboratory germination and field emergence. The results of a one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis showed that TGTwas the candidate index to evaluate seed quality of G. biloba. Therefore, the TGT value was used to validate the reliability of oxygen-sensing evaluation for Zhejiang Dafoshou seeds kept under four storage conditions. The trend in the change in oxygen metabolism agreed completely agreement with that of seed germination under all storage conditions. The oxygensensing test reliably and rapidly assessed seed quality of G.biloba. The germination rate of Zhejiang Dafoshou was accurately predicted by TGT.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(LY13C160007)the Graduate Special Fund Innovative Projects of Jiangxi Province(YC2014-B035)+2 种基金Talent start research projects of Jiyang college of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University(JY2018RC0X)the University Teachers’ Professional Development Project of Zhejiang Province(FX2015050)the Experiment Program of Forest Resources Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province(2014088)
文摘Although most Sinojackia species are endangered, they contribute greatly to the biodiversity of local ecosystems. Sinojackia microcarpa, an endangered species, is distributed only in three provinces of eastern China. Determining the genetic diversity of S. microcarpa provides key information for germplasm evaluation and species conservation. Here we used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to investigate the genetic diversity of eight natural populations of S. microcarpa. Leaf samples were collected from 144 individuals in 8 wild populations. The 156 bands were generated from 14 pairs of informative SSR primers, with an average percentage of polymorphic bands of 45.67%. The average values of Nei’s genetic diversity (He) and Shannon’s diversity index (I) were 0.1007 and 0.1658, respectively. The total genetic variation of S. microcarpa existed mainly within the eight populations, rather than among populations, and reached 86.41%. A cluster analysis showed that the eight wild populations of S. microcarpa could be classified into four groups, at a threshold of 4.0, based on an analysis of the SSR genotypes. Furthermore, there was a significant association between the phylogenetic relationships and the geographic locations of the S. microcarpa populations. In particular, populations from Fuyang, Jiande, and Lin’an in Zhejiang Province had close phylogenetic relationships and geographic distances. In addition, these three populations had the highest genetic diversity and the most individuals, suggesting that these three locations may be the S.microcarpa distribution center. This study serves as a model for studying the genetic diversity of endangered plant species.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY13C160007)Special Fund for Graduate Innovative Projects in Jiangxi Province(YC2014-B035)Lin’an Scientific and Technological Program of Zhejiang Province(201411)
文摘The parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of six rare and endangered species Neolitsea sericea, Cinnamomum japonicum var.chenii, Sinojackia microcarpa, Discocleidion glabrum var. trichocarpum, Parrotia subaequalis, Cercidiphyllum japonicum were measured in fields. The results showed that there were significant differences in photosynthetic capacity, intrinsic water use efficiency(WUEi), the efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PSⅡ and its potential activity, the quantum yield of PSⅡ electron transport, and the potential capacity of heat dissipation among the six species. However, there was no significant difference in WUE. The highest values of net photosynthetic rate(Pn), transpiration rate(Tr) and stomatal conductance(gs) occurred in D. glabrum var. trichocarpum and the lowest in S. microcarpa. On the contrary, D. glabrum var. trichocarpum had the lowest WUE, intrinsic water use efficiency(WUEi) and S. microcarpa had the highest. The results indicated that D. glabrum var. trichocarpum had higher photosynthetic capacity and poorer WUE, while S. microcarpa had lower photosynthetic capacity and greater WUE. Furthermore, the mean values of maximal fluorescence(Fm), potential efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PS Ⅱ(Fv/Fm),ΦPSⅡ, actual efficiency of primary conversion of light energy of PSⅡ(F′v/F′m)and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ) were the highest in S. microcarpa, indicating that its PS Ⅱ had higher capacity of heat dissipation and could prevent photosynthetic apparatus from damage by excessive light energy. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations among photosynthetic physiological parameters. However, the initial fluorescence(Fo) was not significantly correlated with any other parameters. This study also revealed the extremely significant positive correlations between Pn and Tr, gs, apparent quantum yield(AQY), between Tr and gs, between light saturation point(LSP) and AQY, between Fv/Fm and Fm, between ΦPSⅡ and photochemical quenching coefficient(qp), between Tr,gs and LSP, AQY. However, WUEiwas significantly negatively correlated with Tr,gs, Pn, LSP and AQY.
