Spinal cord injury is a severe insult to the central nervous system that causes persisting neurological deficits.The currently available treatments involve surgical,medical,and rehabilitative strategies.However,none o...Spinal cord injury is a severe insult to the central nervous system that causes persisting neurological deficits.The currently available treatments involve surgical,medical,and rehabilitative strategies.However,none of these techniques can markedly reverse neurological deficits.Recently,extracellular vesicles from various cell sources have been applied to different models of spinal cord injury,thereby generating new cell-free therapies for the treatment of spinal cord injury.However,the use of extracellular vesicles alone is still associated with some notable shortcomings,such as their uncertainty in targeting damaged spinal cord tissues and inability to provide structural support to damaged axons.Therefore,this paper reviews the latest combined strategies for the use of extracellular vesicle-based technology for spinal cord injury,including the combination of extracellular vesicles with nanoparticles,exogenous drugs and/or biological scaffold materials,which facilitate the targeting ability of extracellular vesicles and the combinatorial effects with extracellular vesicles.We also highlight issues relating to the clinical transformation of these extracellular vesicle-based combination strategies for the treatment of spinal cord injury.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.Methods:The clinical data of 623 patients with pernicious...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.Methods:The clinical data of 623 patients with pernicious placenta previa combined with placenta accrete,who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion combined with cesarean section,and 78 patients underwent sequential bilateral uterine artery embolization.We analyzed the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,blood transfusion volume,intraoperative and postoperative complications,fetal radiation exposure time and dose,and the Apgar score of the newborns.We also performed other evaluations to ascertain the efficacy and safety of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion treatment for dangerous placenta previa with placenta accrete.Results:Of the 623 patients,545 underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion,and 78 underwent uterine artery embolization due to intraoperative or postoperative bleeding.The uterus was successfully preserved in all patients.Except for five cases of right lower extremity arterial thrombosis,the remaining patients did not have postoperative lower extremity arteriovenous thrombosis,renal insufficiency,late postpartum hemorrhage,ectopic embolism,spinal cord or peripheral nerve damage,pelvic infection,or other serious complications.The mean operative time was 65.3(±14.5)min.The mean intraoperative blood loss was620(±570)ml.Ninety-six patients(15.4%,96/623)were treated with blood transfusion,and the average amount of blood transfused was 750(±400)ml.The average number of hospitalization days was 6.8(±3.4)days,the average time of fetal ray exposure was 5.2(±1.6)s,and the average radiation dose was 4.1(±2.7)m Gy.The neonatal Apgar score,was 8.4(±0.6)points at 1 min,and 9.6(±0.4)points at 5 min.In the follow-up to May 31,2019,29 patients were lost to follow-up,96 were lactating,and 498 were menstruating.Except for the cases lost to follow-up,the remaining 596 surviving newborns(including 2 twins)showed no abnormalities at the 42-day postnatal outpatient follow-up examination.Conclusion:Balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta is a safe and effective method for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta ac...Objective:This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta during cesarean section.Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data for 623 patients who experienced pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta and received treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019.All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion before their cesarean section.Seventyeight patients received bilateral uterine artery embolization,and among them,placenta accreta was found at the opening of the cervix in 13 patients.Due to suturing difficulty after the removal of the placenta,gauze packing was used to temporarily compress the hemorrhage.As soon as the uterus was sutured,emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed.Active bleeding was noted in the remaining 65 patients when the lower part of the uterus was pressed after the placenta was removed and the uterus was sutured,therefor,bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed urgently.Results:Of the 623 patients,545 patients underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and 78 patients underwent additional emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization due to hemorrhaging during or after their cesarean section.No hysterectomies were performed.In the 78 patients,the amount of bleeding was 800-3,200 ml with an average of 1,650 ml during the operation;the volume of blood transfused was 360-1,750 ml(average:960 ml).The fetal fluoroscopy time was 3–8 s(average:5 s).The dose of radiation exposure was(4.2±2.9) m Gy.Fetal appearance,pulse,grimace,activity,and respiration(Apgar) score were normal.No serious complications were observed during or after the operation in the follow-up visits.Conclusion:For patients with pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta who experience active bleeding after cesarean section and abdominal aortic balloon occlusion,bilateral uterine artery embolization can effectively reduce blood loss and requirement of blood transfusion during the operation,and lowers the risk of hysterectomy.展开更多
基金supported by the 2020 Li Ka Shing Foundation Cross-Disciplinary Research Grant,No.2020LKSFG02C(to Qiang Fang and SG)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82201511(to SG)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Nos.2021A1515110873(to SG),2022A1515110139(to TW)the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.A2022077(to SG)。
文摘Spinal cord injury is a severe insult to the central nervous system that causes persisting neurological deficits.The currently available treatments involve surgical,medical,and rehabilitative strategies.However,none of these techniques can markedly reverse neurological deficits.Recently,extracellular vesicles from various cell sources have been applied to different models of spinal cord injury,thereby generating new cell-free therapies for the treatment of spinal cord injury.However,the use of extracellular vesicles alone is still associated with some notable shortcomings,such as their uncertainty in targeting damaged spinal cord tissues and inability to provide structural support to damaged axons.Therefore,this paper reviews the latest combined strategies for the use of extracellular vesicle-based technology for spinal cord injury,including the combination of extracellular vesicles with nanoparticles,exogenous drugs and/or biological scaffold materials,which facilitate the targeting ability of extracellular vesicles and the combinatorial effects with extracellular vesicles.We also highlight issues relating to the clinical transformation of these extracellular vesicle-based combination strategies for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.Methods:The clinical data of 623 patients with pernicious placenta previa combined with placenta accrete,who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion combined with cesarean section,and 78 patients underwent sequential bilateral uterine artery embolization.We analyzed the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,blood transfusion volume,intraoperative and postoperative complications,fetal radiation exposure time and dose,and the Apgar score of the newborns.We also performed other evaluations to ascertain the efficacy and safety of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion treatment for dangerous placenta previa with placenta accrete.Results:Of the 623 patients,545 underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion,and 78 underwent uterine artery embolization due to intraoperative or postoperative bleeding.The uterus was successfully preserved in all patients.Except for five cases of right lower extremity arterial thrombosis,the remaining patients did not have postoperative lower extremity arteriovenous thrombosis,renal insufficiency,late postpartum hemorrhage,ectopic embolism,spinal cord or peripheral nerve damage,pelvic infection,or other serious complications.The mean operative time was 65.3(±14.5)min.The mean intraoperative blood loss was620(±570)ml.Ninety-six patients(15.4%,96/623)were treated with blood transfusion,and the average amount of blood transfused was 750(±400)ml.The average number of hospitalization days was 6.8(±3.4)days,the average time of fetal ray exposure was 5.2(±1.6)s,and the average radiation dose was 4.1(±2.7)m Gy.The neonatal Apgar score,was 8.4(±0.6)points at 1 min,and 9.6(±0.4)points at 5 min.In the follow-up to May 31,2019,29 patients were lost to follow-up,96 were lactating,and 498 were menstruating.Except for the cases lost to follow-up,the remaining 596 surviving newborns(including 2 twins)showed no abnormalities at the 42-day postnatal outpatient follow-up examination.Conclusion:Balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta is a safe and effective method for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa with placenta accreta.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of abdominal aortic balloon occlusion followed by uterine artery embolization for the treatment of pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta during cesarean section.Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data for 623 patients who experienced pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta and received treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2019.All patients underwent abdominal aortic balloon occlusion before their cesarean section.Seventyeight patients received bilateral uterine artery embolization,and among them,placenta accreta was found at the opening of the cervix in 13 patients.Due to suturing difficulty after the removal of the placenta,gauze packing was used to temporarily compress the hemorrhage.As soon as the uterus was sutured,emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed.Active bleeding was noted in the remaining 65 patients when the lower part of the uterus was pressed after the placenta was removed and the uterus was sutured,therefor,bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed urgently.Results:Of the 623 patients,545 patients underwent only abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and 78 patients underwent additional emergent bilateral uterine artery embolization due to hemorrhaging during or after their cesarean section.No hysterectomies were performed.In the 78 patients,the amount of bleeding was 800-3,200 ml with an average of 1,650 ml during the operation;the volume of blood transfused was 360-1,750 ml(average:960 ml).The fetal fluoroscopy time was 3–8 s(average:5 s).The dose of radiation exposure was(4.2±2.9) m Gy.Fetal appearance,pulse,grimace,activity,and respiration(Apgar) score were normal.No serious complications were observed during or after the operation in the follow-up visits.Conclusion:For patients with pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta accreta who experience active bleeding after cesarean section and abdominal aortic balloon occlusion,bilateral uterine artery embolization can effectively reduce blood loss and requirement of blood transfusion during the operation,and lowers the risk of hysterectomy.
