Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were tr...Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the control group(n=53)and the observation group(n=54)and treated conventionally.On this basis,the control group was treated with radiotherapy,and the observation group was treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy,cellular immune index,survival rate and rate of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the total effective rate of 79.25%in the control group,the observation group was 94.44%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of NK,CD3+,and CD4+in the two groups were higher than before the treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the adverse reaction rate of 18.87%in the control group,the observation group was 11.11%,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with recurrent cervical cancer has a significant effect,which not only can effectively improve the cellular immune index and the survival rate of patients,but also have high safety.展开更多
The small brown planthopper(SBPH,Laodelphax striatellus)is a significant rice pest,responsible for transmitting rice stripe virus(RSV)in a persistent and propagative manner.RSV is one of the most detrimental rice viru...The small brown planthopper(SBPH,Laodelphax striatellus)is a significant rice pest,responsible for transmitting rice stripe virus(RSV)in a persistent and propagative manner.RSV is one of the most detrimental rice viruses,causing rice stripe disease,which results in considerable loss of rice grain yield.While RNA interference and gene knockout techniques have enabled gene downregulation in SBPH,no system currently exists for the overexpression of endogenous or exogenous genes.Consequently,the development of a protein expression system for SBPH is imperative to serve as a technical foundation for pest control and gene function investigations.This study aimed to construct an expression vector using the promoter of the constitutive-expressed tubulin gene of SBPH,and promoter of human cytomegalovirus(CMV).Fluorescence experiments demonstrated that both tubulin and CMV promoter could drive green fluorescent protein(GFP)expression in SBPH,and could also facilitate the expression of a nucleocapsid protein(NP)-GFP fusion protein containing viral NP with comparable efficiency.Through expression vector optimization,we have identified that the 3 tandem CMV promoters display a significantly higher promoter activity compared with both the 2 tandem CMV promoters and the single CMV promoter.In addition,the incorporation of Star polycation nanoparticles significantly enhanced the expression efficiency in SBPH.These results provide a promising technical platform for investigating gene functions in SBPH.展开更多
1000-Grain weight and spikelet number per panicle are two important components for rice grain yield. In our previous study, eight quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring spikelet number per panicle and 1000-grain ...1000-Grain weight and spikelet number per panicle are two important components for rice grain yield. In our previous study, eight quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring spikelet number per panicle and 1000-grain weight were mapped through sequencing-based genotyping of 150 rice recombinant inbred lines (RILs). In this study, we validated the effects of four QTLs from Nipponbare using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), and pyramided eight grain yield related QTLs. The new lines containing the eight QTLs with positive effects showed increased panicle and spikelet size as compared with the parent variety 93-11. We further proposed a novel pyramid breeding scheme based on marker-assistant and phenotype selection (MAPS). This scheme allowed pyramiding of as many as 24 QTLs at a single hybridization without massive cross work. This study provided insights into the molecular basis of rice grain yield for direct wealth for high-yielding rice breeding.展开更多
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of precipitation changes on soil organic carbon(SOC)fractions in subtropical forests where the precipitation pattern has been altered for decades.Methods We co...Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of precipitation changes on soil organic carbon(SOC)fractions in subtropical forests where the precipitation pattern has been altered for decades.Methods We conducted field manipulations of precipitation,including ambient precipitation as a control(CK),double precipitation(DP)and no precipitation(NP),for 3 years in three forests with different stand ages(broadleaf forest[BF],mixed forest[MF]and pine forest[PF])in subtropical China.At the end of the experiment,soil samples were collected to assay SOC content,readily oxidizable organic carbon(ROC)and non-readily oxidizable organic carbon(NROC),as well as soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),pH and total nitrogen content.Samples from the forest floors were also collected to analyze carbon(C)functional groups(i.e.alkyl C,aromatic C,O-alkyl C and carbonyl C).Furthermore,fine root biomass was measured periodically throughout the experiment.Important Findings Among the forests,ROC content did not exhibit any notable differences,while NROC content increased significantly with the stand age.This finding implied that the SOC accumulation observed in these forests resulted from the accumulation of NROC in the soil,a mechanism for SOC accumulation in the mature forests of southern China.Moreover,NP treatment led to significant reductions in both ROC and NROC content and therefore reduced the total SOC content in all of the studied forests.Such decreases may be due to the lower plant-derived C inputs(C quantity)and to the changes in SOC components(C quality)indicated by C functional groups analyses under NP treatment.DP treatment in all the forests also tended to decrease the SOC content,although the decreases were not statistically significant with the exception of SOC and ROC content in PF.This finding indicated that soils in MF and in BF may be more resistant to precipitation increases,possibly due to less water limitations under natural conditions in the two forests.Our results therefore highlight the different responses of SOC and its fractions to precipitation changes among the forests and suggest that further studies are needed to improve our understanding of SOC dynamics in such an important C sink region.展开更多
To accurately assess the safety of freeway work zones, this paper investigates the safety of vehicle lane change maneuvers with improved cellular automata model. Taking the traffic conflict and standard deviation of o...To accurately assess the safety of freeway work zones, this paper investigates the safety of vehicle lane change maneuvers with improved cellular automata model. Taking the traffic conflict and standard deviation of operating speed as the evaluation indexes, the study evaluates the freeway work zone safety. With improved deceleration probability in car-following rules and the addition of lanechanging rules under critical state, the lane-changing behavior under critical state is defined as a conflict count. Through 72 schemes of simulation runs, the possible states of the traffic flow are carefully studied. The results show that under the condition of constant saturation traffic conflict count and vehicle speed standard deviation reach their maximums when the mixed rate of heave vehicles is 40%. Meanwhile, in the case of constant heavy vehicles mix, traffic conflict count and vehicle speed standard deviation reach maximum values when saturation rate is 0.75. Integrating all simulation results, it is known the traffic safety in freeway work zones is classified into four levels: safe, relatively safe, relatively dangerous, and dangerous.展开更多
Oryza sativa and Oryza latifolia belong to the AA and CCDD genomes of Oryza, respectively. In this study, amphiploids were obtained from the tube seedlings of O. sativa × O. latifolia F1 hybrids by treatment with...Oryza sativa and Oryza latifolia belong to the AA and CCDD genomes of Oryza, respectively. In this study, amphiploids were obtained from the tube seedlings of O. sativa × O. latifolia F1 hybrids by treatment with colchicine, an agent for chromosome doubling. Subse- quently, amphiploids were investigated using the methods of morphology, genomic in situ hybridization, and molec- ular markers. Amphiploids were characterized by a shorter plant height, larger diameter of stem, longer and wider leaves, darker leaf color, decreased spikelets per panicle and panicle length, and larger spikelets and anthers than the original F1 hybrid. Based on the mitotic metaphase chro- mosome number of the investigated root tips, the somatic chromosome number of the amphiploid is 2n = 72. Additionally, the amphiploid is an allohexaploid, and its genomic constitution is AACCDD by genomic in situ hybridization analysis. Finally, the amphiploids were identified to be true using 37 polymorphic markers at the DNA level.展开更多
The centromere of eukaryotic chromosomes is the crucial locus responsible for sister chromatid cohesion and for correct segregation of chromosomes to daughter cells during cell division. In the structural genomics era...The centromere of eukaryotic chromosomes is the crucial locus responsible for sister chromatid cohesion and for correct segregation of chromosomes to daughter cells during cell division. In the structural genomics era, centromeres represent the last frontiers of higher eukaryotic genomes because of their densely methylated, highly repetitive and, heterochromatic DNA (Hall et al., 2004). Although these functions are conserved among all eukaryotes, centromeric DNA sequences are evolving rapidly (Jiang et al., 2003).展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa)provides>20%of the consumed calories in the human diet.However,rice is also a leading source of dietary cadmium(Cd)that seriously threatens human health.Deciphering the genetic network that underl...Rice(Oryza sativa)provides>20%of the consumed calories in the human diet.However,rice is also a leading source of dietary cadmium(Cd)that seriously threatens human health.Deciphering the genetic network that underlies the grain-Cd accumulation will benefit the development of low-Cd rice and mitigate the effects of Cd accumulation in the rice grain.In this study,we identified a QTL gene,OsCS1,which is allelic to OsMTP11 and encodes a protein sequestering Cd in the leaf during vegetative growth and preventing Cd from being translocated to the grain after heading in rice.OsCS1 is predominantly expressed in leaf vascular parenchyma cells,where it binds to a vacuole-sorting receptor protein OsVSR2 and is translocated intracellularly from the trans-Golgi network to pre-vacuolar compartments and then to the vacuole.In this trafficking process,OsCS1 actively transports Cd into the endomembrane system and sequesters it in the vacuoles.There are natural variations in the promoter of OsCS1 between the indica and japonica rice subspecies.Duplication of a G-box-like motif in the promoter region of the superior allele of OsCS1 from indica rice enhances the binding of the transcription factor OsIRO2 to the OsCS1 promoter,thereby promoting OsCS1 expression.Introgression of this allele into commercial rice varieties could significantly lower grain-Cd levels compared to the inferior allele present in japonica rice.Collectively,our findings offer new insights into the genetic control of leaf-to-grain Cd translocation and provide a novel gene and its superior allele for the genetic improvement of low-Cd variety in rice.展开更多
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the control group(n=53)and the observation group(n=54)and treated conventionally.On this basis,the control group was treated with radiotherapy,and the observation group was treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy,cellular immune index,survival rate and rate of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the total effective rate of 79.25%in the control group,the observation group was 94.44%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of NK,CD3+,and CD4+in the two groups were higher than before the treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the adverse reaction rate of 18.87%in the control group,the observation group was 11.11%,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with recurrent cervical cancer has a significant effect,which not only can effectively improve the cellular immune index and the survival rate of patients,but also have high safety.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32272532)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA26050404)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32230090)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(No.2019086).
文摘The small brown planthopper(SBPH,Laodelphax striatellus)is a significant rice pest,responsible for transmitting rice stripe virus(RSV)in a persistent and propagative manner.RSV is one of the most detrimental rice viruses,causing rice stripe disease,which results in considerable loss of rice grain yield.While RNA interference and gene knockout techniques have enabled gene downregulation in SBPH,no system currently exists for the overexpression of endogenous or exogenous genes.Consequently,the development of a protein expression system for SBPH is imperative to serve as a technical foundation for pest control and gene function investigations.This study aimed to construct an expression vector using the promoter of the constitutive-expressed tubulin gene of SBPH,and promoter of human cytomegalovirus(CMV).Fluorescence experiments demonstrated that both tubulin and CMV promoter could drive green fluorescent protein(GFP)expression in SBPH,and could also facilitate the expression of a nucleocapsid protein(NP)-GFP fusion protein containing viral NP with comparable efficiency.Through expression vector optimization,we have identified that the 3 tandem CMV promoters display a significantly higher promoter activity compared with both the 2 tandem CMV promoters and the single CMV promoter.In addition,the incorporation of Star polycation nanoparticles significantly enhanced the expression efficiency in SBPH.These results provide a promising technical platform for investigating gene functions in SBPH.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No. 2011 CB 100205)the Ministry of Agriculture of China (Grant Nos.2011ZX08001-004 and 2011ZX08009-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 31121063)
文摘1000-Grain weight and spikelet number per panicle are two important components for rice grain yield. In our previous study, eight quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring spikelet number per panicle and 1000-grain weight were mapped through sequencing-based genotyping of 150 rice recombinant inbred lines (RILs). In this study, we validated the effects of four QTLs from Nipponbare using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), and pyramided eight grain yield related QTLs. The new lines containing the eight QTLs with positive effects showed increased panicle and spikelet size as compared with the parent variety 93-11. We further proposed a novel pyramid breeding scheme based on marker-assistant and phenotype selection (MAPS). This scheme allowed pyramiding of as many as 24 QTLs at a single hybridization without massive cross work. This study provided insights into the molecular basis of rice grain yield for direct wealth for high-yielding rice breeding.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program-Climate Change:Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA05050205)National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB421101)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC-31400415)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(8351065005000001),the Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station.
文摘Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of precipitation changes on soil organic carbon(SOC)fractions in subtropical forests where the precipitation pattern has been altered for decades.Methods We conducted field manipulations of precipitation,including ambient precipitation as a control(CK),double precipitation(DP)and no precipitation(NP),for 3 years in three forests with different stand ages(broadleaf forest[BF],mixed forest[MF]and pine forest[PF])in subtropical China.At the end of the experiment,soil samples were collected to assay SOC content,readily oxidizable organic carbon(ROC)and non-readily oxidizable organic carbon(NROC),as well as soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),pH and total nitrogen content.Samples from the forest floors were also collected to analyze carbon(C)functional groups(i.e.alkyl C,aromatic C,O-alkyl C and carbonyl C).Furthermore,fine root biomass was measured periodically throughout the experiment.Important Findings Among the forests,ROC content did not exhibit any notable differences,while NROC content increased significantly with the stand age.This finding implied that the SOC accumulation observed in these forests resulted from the accumulation of NROC in the soil,a mechanism for SOC accumulation in the mature forests of southern China.Moreover,NP treatment led to significant reductions in both ROC and NROC content and therefore reduced the total SOC content in all of the studied forests.Such decreases may be due to the lower plant-derived C inputs(C quantity)and to the changes in SOC components(C quality)indicated by C functional groups analyses under NP treatment.DP treatment in all the forests also tended to decrease the SOC content,although the decreases were not statistically significant with the exception of SOC and ROC content in PF.This finding indicated that soils in MF and in BF may be more resistant to precipitation increases,possibly due to less water limitations under natural conditions in the two forests.Our results therefore highlight the different responses of SOC and its fractions to precipitation changes among the forests and suggest that further studies are needed to improve our understanding of SOC dynamics in such an important C sink region.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51208053)the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,Chang'an University(No.00092014G1211011,2013G1211009)
文摘To accurately assess the safety of freeway work zones, this paper investigates the safety of vehicle lane change maneuvers with improved cellular automata model. Taking the traffic conflict and standard deviation of operating speed as the evaluation indexes, the study evaluates the freeway work zone safety. With improved deceleration probability in car-following rules and the addition of lanechanging rules under critical state, the lane-changing behavior under critical state is defined as a conflict count. Through 72 schemes of simulation runs, the possible states of the traffic flow are carefully studied. The results show that under the condition of constant saturation traffic conflict count and vehicle speed standard deviation reach their maximums when the mixed rate of heave vehicles is 40%. Meanwhile, in the case of constant heavy vehicles mix, traffic conflict count and vehicle speed standard deviation reach maximum values when saturation rate is 0.75. Integrating all simulation results, it is known the traffic safety in freeway work zones is classified into four levels: safe, relatively safe, relatively dangerous, and dangerous.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571624, 31071382)the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB125904, 2013CBA01405)+1 种基金the key Natural Science Project in University of Jiangsu Province (15KJA210004)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Oryza sativa and Oryza latifolia belong to the AA and CCDD genomes of Oryza, respectively. In this study, amphiploids were obtained from the tube seedlings of O. sativa × O. latifolia F1 hybrids by treatment with colchicine, an agent for chromosome doubling. Subse- quently, amphiploids were investigated using the methods of morphology, genomic in situ hybridization, and molec- ular markers. Amphiploids were characterized by a shorter plant height, larger diameter of stem, longer and wider leaves, darker leaf color, decreased spikelets per panicle and panicle length, and larger spikelets and anthers than the original F1 hybrid. Based on the mitotic metaphase chro- mosome number of the investigated root tips, the somatic chromosome number of the amphiploid is 2n = 72. Additionally, the amphiploid is an allohexaploid, and its genomic constitution is AACCDD by genomic in situ hybridization analysis. Finally, the amphiploids were identified to be true using 37 polymorphic markers at the DNA level.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31576124,31071382 and 30771210)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,Nos.2010CB125904 and 2013CBA01405)
文摘The centromere of eukaryotic chromosomes is the crucial locus responsible for sister chromatid cohesion and for correct segregation of chromosomes to daughter cells during cell division. In the structural genomics era, centromeres represent the last frontiers of higher eukaryotic genomes because of their densely methylated, highly repetitive and, heterochromatic DNA (Hall et al., 2004). Although these functions are conserved among all eukaryotes, centromeric DNA sequences are evolving rapidly (Jiang et al., 2003).
基金jointly supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS(XDA24010404)the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(U19A2026 and 31972490)+1 种基金the Major Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JC0007)the Hunan Key Technologies R&D Program Hunan Key Technologies R&D Program(2023NK1010).
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa)provides>20%of the consumed calories in the human diet.However,rice is also a leading source of dietary cadmium(Cd)that seriously threatens human health.Deciphering the genetic network that underlies the grain-Cd accumulation will benefit the development of low-Cd rice and mitigate the effects of Cd accumulation in the rice grain.In this study,we identified a QTL gene,OsCS1,which is allelic to OsMTP11 and encodes a protein sequestering Cd in the leaf during vegetative growth and preventing Cd from being translocated to the grain after heading in rice.OsCS1 is predominantly expressed in leaf vascular parenchyma cells,where it binds to a vacuole-sorting receptor protein OsVSR2 and is translocated intracellularly from the trans-Golgi network to pre-vacuolar compartments and then to the vacuole.In this trafficking process,OsCS1 actively transports Cd into the endomembrane system and sequesters it in the vacuoles.There are natural variations in the promoter of OsCS1 between the indica and japonica rice subspecies.Duplication of a G-box-like motif in the promoter region of the superior allele of OsCS1 from indica rice enhances the binding of the transcription factor OsIRO2 to the OsCS1 promoter,thereby promoting OsCS1 expression.Introgression of this allele into commercial rice varieties could significantly lower grain-Cd levels compared to the inferior allele present in japonica rice.Collectively,our findings offer new insights into the genetic control of leaf-to-grain Cd translocation and provide a novel gene and its superior allele for the genetic improvement of low-Cd variety in rice.