Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases...Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases from 44 CBCC centers were included.Data of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were collected.Results:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2004 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2,and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,respectively.Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 25.2% and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,respectively.Diagnostic transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2%).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,respectively.Most MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,respectively.Three most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(23%).Only 2.3% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment exist.This study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab is an anti-programmed death receptor 1(PD-1)that was shown to have a tolerable safety profile with 17%of grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events,notable response rate of 16%with median duration ...BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab is an anti-programmed death receptor 1(PD-1)that was shown to have a tolerable safety profile with 17%of grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events,notable response rate of 16%with median duration of response of 8 mo,and median overall survival of 8 mo.Severe mucositis is a very rare complication with only two cases of grade 4 mucositis reported,and both cases had good response to intravenous methylprednisolone and subsequent oral prednisone tapering.We report the first case of pembrolizumab-induced severe mucositis that was refractory to steroid treatment.CASE SUMMARY An 80-year-old woman with a past medical history of recurrent right cheek nodular melanoma status post resection and new right lung metastatic melanoma on immunotherapy presented with dysphagia and odynophagia for 2 mo.She initially received 2 doses of ipilimumab 1 year ago with good outcome,but treatment was discontinued after developing severe diarrhea and rash.Pembrolizumab was then initiated 4 mo after disease progression.Significant improvement was noted after 3 doses.However,after 6 cycles of pembrolizumab,patient developed odynophagia and malnutrition.Improvement of symptoms was noted after discontinuation of pembrolizumab and initiation of steroids.3 mo later,patient developed pharyngeal swelling with hoarseness and new oxygen requirement due to impending airway obstruction while being on prednisone tapering regimen,finally ended up with intubation and tracheostomy.Histologic analysis of left laryngeal and epiglottis tissue showed granulation tissue with acute on chronic inflammation,negative for malignancy and infection.Patient achieved marked improvement after 2 doses of infliximab of 5 mg/kg every 2 wk while continuing on prednisone tapering course.CONCLUSION We report the first case of pembrolizumab-induced grade 4 mucositis that had limited recovery with prolonged steroid course but had rapid response with addition of infliximab.The patient had recurrent mucositis symptoms whenever steroids was tapered but achieved complete response after receiving two doses of infliximab while continuing to be on tapering steroids.The success of infliximab in this patient with pembrolizumab-induced severe mucositis presents a potentially safe approach to reduce prolonged steroid course and accelerate recovery in managing this rare complication.展开更多
Inherited cardiomyopathies are major causes of morbidity and mortality and include a group of cardiac disorders such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),dilated cardiomyopathy,arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasi...Inherited cardiomyopathies are major causes of morbidity and mortality and include a group of cardiac disorders such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),dilated cardiomyopathy,arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy(ARVD/C),left ventricular noncompaction(LVNC),and restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM).These diseases have a substantial genetic component and predispose to sudden cardiac death.Since the first gene was identified as a disease-causing gene for HCM over two decades ago,more than eighty genes have been identified to be associated with inherited cardiomyopathies and genetic testing has become prevalent in making clinical diagnosis.With the advent of next-generation sequencing technology,genetic panel testing of inherited cardiomyopathies has become feasible and cost efficient.In this review,we summarize the individual cardiomyopathies with the emphasis on cardiomyopathy genetics and genetic testing.展开更多
Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the a...Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the authors summarized the method of work and the work flow of the RGMAPGIS during the field geological survey.First,we prepared material,set up the PRB gallery,then put the geographic base map under the background maplayer and organizing the field hand map,forming the field factual datum map.At last,the geological space database is formed.展开更多
Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)for preparing hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))is a promising way to replace the anthraquinone method.The key to H_(2)O_(2)production is the development of catalysts to regula...Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)for preparing hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))is a promising way to replace the anthraquinone method.The key to H_(2)O_(2)production is the development of catalysts to regulate the oxygen reduction reaction pathway.Here,nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)was prepared by NH3 annealing method.Compared with precursor Nb_(2)AlC(67.01%)and pure Nb_(2)CT_(x)(75.70%),nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)exhibited excellent performance for 2e−ORR with>90%H_(2)O_(2)selectivity(at 0.4 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).Faradic efficiency of nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)reached 80.75%,whereas those for Nb2AlC and Nb_(2)CT_(x)were 60.35%and 39.27%,respectively.A desirable catalytic stability for 50 h was observed.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated excellent activity of the nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)was attributed to the introduction of N.This excellent activity was conducive to the adsorption of oxygen and promoted the formation of the OOH intermediate.This work can serve as an important reference for regulating the electronic structure of MXene to expand the application area in the electrochemical field.展开更多
ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the problems of stability and stabilisation of Markovian jump systems(MJSs) with fast switching. First, a novel model by applying an averaging approach to the fastswitching is proposed. Th...ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the problems of stability and stabilisation of Markovian jump systems(MJSs) with fast switching. First, a novel model by applying an averaging approach to the fastswitching is proposed. Then, a new method for constructing an auxiliary system is given to makethe stability analysis. It is proved that the stability of the originally fast switching MJS couldbe guaranteed by an MJS with an average switching, if the fast switching achieves its averageapproximation sufficiently fast. Based on the proposed results, some extensions about generally stabilising controllers are considered, where the fault-tolerant situation is involved too.All the conditions are presented in terms of LMIs. Finally, two numerical examples are used todemonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method.展开更多
目的探讨关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复严重复发性肩关节前脱位的临床疗效。方法2018年2月至2020年2月,采用关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复术治疗26例盂唇缺损严重的复发性肩关节前脱位患者,其中男17例、女9例;年龄18~47岁,...目的探讨关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复严重复发性肩关节前脱位的临床疗效。方法2018年2月至2020年2月,采用关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复术治疗26例盂唇缺损严重的复发性肩关节前脱位患者,其中男17例、女9例;年龄18~47岁,平均29岁。术后24个月随访进行肩恐惧试验、肩前抽屉试验、关节活动度测量、美国肩肘外科协会评分(rating scale of the American shoulder and elbow surgeons,ASES)和Rowe评分。结果26例患者均随访至术后2年。手术切口均甲级愈合,无再次脱位。术后2年时,肩恐惧试验、肩前抽屉试验均阴性,ASES评分和Rowe评分均较术前显著提升(P<0.05)。结论关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复术临床疗效显著,能有效治疗盂唇缺损严重的复发性肩关节前脱位。展开更多
Influenza is one of the major respiratory diseases in humans.Macao is a tourist city with high density of population and special population mobility.The study on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Mac...Influenza is one of the major respiratory diseases in humans.Macao is a tourist city with high density of population and special population mobility.The study on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Macao should bring great value for preventing influenza in tourist cities like Macao in the world.In this study,we collected a total of 104,874 samples with influenza-like illness(ILI)in Macao from 2010 to 2018.Chi-square test and binary multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A and B in Macao.Among these ILI samples,the overall positive rate is 17.17%for influenza A and 6.97%for influenza B.The epidemics of influenza in three years(i.e.,2012,2017 and 2018)differ from the remaining years(i.e.,normal years).In a normal year,influenza A occurs year-round whereas influenza B is seasonal.Our research shows significant differences in influenza infections between different age groups in normal years.Interestingly,our analysis shows no significant difference between locals and tourists in influenza A and B infection in a normal year,whereas the odds of influenza A in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in July 2017 and the odds of influenza B in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in January–February 2012 and January–February 2018.This is possibly attributed by the policy of free vaccination to everyone in Macao.These findings should be valuable for preventing influenza in not only Macao but also the world.展开更多
ε-Poly-L-lysine （ε-PL） is an L-lysine linear homopolymer, which is produced by bacteria belonging to the Streptomycetaceae family and by ergot fungi. How- ever, the production of ε-PL by the wild bacteria strain ...ε-Poly-L-lysine （ε-PL） is an L-lysine linear homopolymer, which is produced by bacteria belonging to the Streptomycetaceae family and by ergot fungi. How- ever, the production of ε-PL by the wild bacteria strain is very low, which limits its utilization. In most bacteria including the Streptomyces genus, L-lysine is a precursor of ε-PL and is biosynthesized by the L-aspartate pathway. Aspartokinase （Ask） is the first key enzyme in this pathway and is subject to complex regulation such as the feedback inhibition by the end product amino acids. In addition, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is feedback- regulated by L-aspartate. To reduce these feedback inhibitions and to improve e-PL productivity, resistant mutants were produced using sulfaguanidine （SG） ＋ glycine ＋ L-lysine ＋ DL-3-hydroxynorvaline （AHV） as selective markers. Using the interaction between e-PL and the charged dye in the solid culture medium, hundreds of colonies were simultaneously screened in a quick and effective manner. Finally, one ε-PL-producing strain, Streptomyces diastatochromogenes L9, was selected. The productivity of this strain during flask fermentation was 0.77 g/L, which was 15% higher than that of the original strain. Moreover, its fermentation performance and genetic characteristics were very stable.展开更多
Being a facet of flexible electronics,mechanically reshapeable magnetic field sensorics enable novel device ideas for soft robotics,interactive devices for virtual-and augmented reality and point of care diagnostics.T...Being a facet of flexible electronics,mechanically reshapeable magnetic field sensorics enable novel device ideas for soft robotics,interactive devices for virtual-and augmented reality and point of care diagnostics.These applications demand mechanically compliant yet robust sensor devices revealing high sensitivity to small magnetic fields.To push the detection limit of highly compliant and linear magnetic field sensors to be in the sub-µT range,we explore a new fundamental concept for magnetic field sensing,namely the planar Hall effect in magnetic thin films.With their remarkable bendability down to 1 mm,these compliant planar Hall effect sensors allow for an efficient detection of magnetic fields as small as 200 nT with a limit of detection of 20 nT.We demonstrate the application potential of these devices as a direction(angle)as well as proximity(distance)sensors of tiny magnetic fields emanating from magnetically functionalized objects.With their intrinsic linearity and simplicity of fabrication,these compliant planar Hall effect sensors have the potential to become a standard solution for low field applications of shapeable magnetoelectronics in point of care applications and on-skin interactive electronics.展开更多
As a carbon-storage compound and osmoprotectant in brown algae,mannitol is synthesized and then accumulated at high levels in Saccharina japonica(Sja);however,the underlying control mechanisms have not been studied.Ou...As a carbon-storage compound and osmoprotectant in brown algae,mannitol is synthesized and then accumulated at high levels in Saccharina japonica(Sja);however,the underlying control mechanisms have not been studied.Our analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from Sja shows that mannitol metabolism is a cyclic pathway composed of four distinct steps.A mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase(M1 PDH2)and two mannitol-1-phosphatases(M1 Pase1 and MIPase2)work together or in combination to exhibit full enzymatic properties.Based on comprehensive transcriptomic data from different tissues,generations,and sexes as well as under different stress conditions,coupled with droplet digital PCR(dd PCR)and proteomic confirmation,we suggest that Sja M1 Pase1 plays a major role in mannitol biosynthesis and that the basic mannitol anabolism and the carbohydrate pool dynamics are responsible for carbon storage and anti-stress mechanism.Our proteomic data indicate that mannitol metabolism remains constant during diurnal cycle in Sja.In addition,we discover that mannitol-metabolism-associated(MMA)genes show differential expression between the multicellular filamentous(gametophyte)and large parenchymal thallus(sporophyte)generations and respond differentially to environmental stresses,such as hyposaline and hyperthermia conditions.Our results indicate that the ecophysiological significance of such differentially expressed genes may be attributable to the evolution of heteromorphic generations(filamentous and thallus)and environmental adaptation of Laminariales.展开更多
Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride （PVC） waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis process, for energy conversion were compared to determine their efficiency and environmental perfor- mance. W...Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride （PVC） waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis process, for energy conversion were compared to determine their efficiency and environmental perfor- mance. We carried out a life cycle assessment with each of the two processes to evaluate their environmental impact and defined the goals and limits of our remit. As well, we established an inventory of PVC waste from incineration and vacuum pyrolysis based on process analysis, data collection and calculations. The results show that electrical power output per unit mass of PVC waste in the incineration process was twice as high as that of the vacuum pyrolysis process. Incineration had a larger total environmental impact potential than vacuum pyrolysis. The total environmental impact potential of PVC waste from incineration was three times higher than that from vacuum pyrolysis. Incineration of PVC disposed 300 ng. 100 kgI of dioxins and vacuum pyrolysis 98.19 ng- 100 kgI of dioxins. As well, we analyzed the data for their uncertainty with results quantified in terms of three uncertainties： basic uncertainty, additional uncertainty, and computational uncertainty. The coefficients of variation of the data were less than 25% and the quality of the inventory data was acceptable with low uncertainty. Both PVC waste disposal processes were of similar quality and their results comparable. The results of our life cycle impact assessment （LCIA） showed considerable reliability of our methodology. Overall, the vacuum pyrolysis process has a number advantages and greater potential for development of PVC disposal than the incineration process.展开更多
This paper addresses the almost surely exponential(ASE)stabilisation problem of continuoustime singular semi-Markov jump systems(s-MJSs),where the state at jump instants is discontinuous.Because of such a discontinuit...This paper addresses the almost surely exponential(ASE)stabilisation problem of continuoustime singular semi-Markov jump systems(s-MJSs),where the state at jump instants is discontinuous.Because of such a discontinuity existing,the consistency of initial condition at jump instants is impossible to be ensured but is an essential issue of singular systems.A proportional-derivative(PD)state feedback controller is proposed to deal with it such that the closed-loop singular s-MJSs is normal and ASE-stable.New sufficient conditions for the existence of such a controller are derived as linear matrix inequalities,which includes some existing considered systems as special situations.Two numerical examples are used to show the effectiveness and superiority of the methods.展开更多
文摘Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases from 44 CBCC centers were included.Data of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were collected.Results:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2004 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2,and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,respectively.Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 25.2% and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,respectively.Diagnostic transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2%).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,respectively.Most MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,respectively.Three most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(23%).Only 2.3% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment exist.This study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in China.
文摘BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab is an anti-programmed death receptor 1(PD-1)that was shown to have a tolerable safety profile with 17%of grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events,notable response rate of 16%with median duration of response of 8 mo,and median overall survival of 8 mo.Severe mucositis is a very rare complication with only two cases of grade 4 mucositis reported,and both cases had good response to intravenous methylprednisolone and subsequent oral prednisone tapering.We report the first case of pembrolizumab-induced severe mucositis that was refractory to steroid treatment.CASE SUMMARY An 80-year-old woman with a past medical history of recurrent right cheek nodular melanoma status post resection and new right lung metastatic melanoma on immunotherapy presented with dysphagia and odynophagia for 2 mo.She initially received 2 doses of ipilimumab 1 year ago with good outcome,but treatment was discontinued after developing severe diarrhea and rash.Pembrolizumab was then initiated 4 mo after disease progression.Significant improvement was noted after 3 doses.However,after 6 cycles of pembrolizumab,patient developed odynophagia and malnutrition.Improvement of symptoms was noted after discontinuation of pembrolizumab and initiation of steroids.3 mo later,patient developed pharyngeal swelling with hoarseness and new oxygen requirement due to impending airway obstruction while being on prednisone tapering regimen,finally ended up with intubation and tracheostomy.Histologic analysis of left laryngeal and epiglottis tissue showed granulation tissue with acute on chronic inflammation,negative for malignancy and infection.Patient achieved marked improvement after 2 doses of infliximab of 5 mg/kg every 2 wk while continuing on prednisone tapering course.CONCLUSION We report the first case of pembrolizumab-induced grade 4 mucositis that had limited recovery with prolonged steroid course but had rapid response with addition of infliximab.The patient had recurrent mucositis symptoms whenever steroids was tapered but achieved complete response after receiving two doses of infliximab while continuing to be on tapering steroids.The success of infliximab in this patient with pembrolizumab-induced severe mucositis presents a potentially safe approach to reduce prolonged steroid course and accelerate recovery in managing this rare complication.
文摘Inherited cardiomyopathies are major causes of morbidity and mortality and include a group of cardiac disorders such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),dilated cardiomyopathy,arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy(ARVD/C),left ventricular noncompaction(LVNC),and restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM).These diseases have a substantial genetic component and predispose to sudden cardiac death.Since the first gene was identified as a disease-causing gene for HCM over two decades ago,more than eighty genes have been identified to be associated with inherited cardiomyopathies and genetic testing has become prevalent in making clinical diagnosis.With the advent of next-generation sequencing technology,genetic panel testing of inherited cardiomyopathies has become feasible and cost efficient.In this review,we summarize the individual cardiomyopathies with the emphasis on cardiomyopathy genetics and genetic testing.
基金Supported by National Oil-gas Project:No XQ-2004-07
文摘Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the authors summarized the method of work and the work flow of the RGMAPGIS during the field geological survey.First,we prepared material,set up the PRB gallery,then put the geographic base map under the background maplayer and organizing the field hand map,forming the field factual datum map.At last,the geological space database is formed.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1500900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22141001 and U21A20298).
文摘Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)for preparing hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))is a promising way to replace the anthraquinone method.The key to H_(2)O_(2)production is the development of catalysts to regulate the oxygen reduction reaction pathway.Here,nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)was prepared by NH3 annealing method.Compared with precursor Nb_(2)AlC(67.01%)and pure Nb_(2)CT_(x)(75.70%),nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)exhibited excellent performance for 2e−ORR with>90%H_(2)O_(2)selectivity(at 0.4 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).Faradic efficiency of nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)reached 80.75%,whereas those for Nb2AlC and Nb_(2)CT_(x)were 60.35%and 39.27%,respectively.A desirable catalytic stability for 50 h was observed.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated excellent activity of the nitrogen-doped Nb_(2)CT_(x)was attributed to the introduction of N.This excellent activity was conducive to the adsorption of oxygen and promoted the formation of the OOH intermediate.This work can serve as an important reference for regulating the electronic structure of MXene to expand the application area in the electrochemical field.
基金supported by the Open Project of Key Field Alliance of Liaoning Province[grant number 2022-KF-11-03].
文摘ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the problems of stability and stabilisation of Markovian jump systems(MJSs) with fast switching. First, a novel model by applying an averaging approach to the fastswitching is proposed. Then, a new method for constructing an auxiliary system is given to makethe stability analysis. It is proved that the stability of the originally fast switching MJS couldbe guaranteed by an MJS with an average switching, if the fast switching achieves its averageapproximation sufficiently fast. Based on the proposed results, some extensions about generally stabilising controllers are considered, where the fault-tolerant situation is involved too.All the conditions are presented in terms of LMIs. Finally, two numerical examples are used todemonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method.
文摘目的探讨关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复严重复发性肩关节前脱位的临床疗效。方法2018年2月至2020年2月,采用关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复术治疗26例盂唇缺损严重的复发性肩关节前脱位患者,其中男17例、女9例;年龄18~47岁,平均29岁。术后24个月随访进行肩恐惧试验、肩前抽屉试验、关节活动度测量、美国肩肘外科协会评分(rating scale of the American shoulder and elbow surgeons,ASES)和Rowe评分。结果26例患者均随访至术后2年。手术切口均甲级愈合,无再次脱位。术后2年时,肩恐惧试验、肩前抽屉试验均阴性,ASES评分和Rowe评分均较术前显著提升(P<0.05)。结论关节镜下肩胛下肌腱部分转位加强修复术临床疗效显著,能有效治疗盂唇缺损严重的复发性肩关节前脱位。
基金supported by the University of Macao(Grant Numbers:FHS-CRDA-029-002-2017,EF005/FHSZXH/2018/GSTIC and MYRG2018-00071-FHS)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File No.0004/2019/AFJ)。
文摘Influenza is one of the major respiratory diseases in humans.Macao is a tourist city with high density of population and special population mobility.The study on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Macao should bring great value for preventing influenza in tourist cities like Macao in the world.In this study,we collected a total of 104,874 samples with influenza-like illness(ILI)in Macao from 2010 to 2018.Chi-square test and binary multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A and B in Macao.Among these ILI samples,the overall positive rate is 17.17%for influenza A and 6.97%for influenza B.The epidemics of influenza in three years(i.e.,2012,2017 and 2018)differ from the remaining years(i.e.,normal years).In a normal year,influenza A occurs year-round whereas influenza B is seasonal.Our research shows significant differences in influenza infections between different age groups in normal years.Interestingly,our analysis shows no significant difference between locals and tourists in influenza A and B infection in a normal year,whereas the odds of influenza A in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in July 2017 and the odds of influenza B in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in January–February 2012 and January–February 2018.This is possibly attributed by the policy of free vaccination to everyone in Macao.These findings should be valuable for preventing influenza in not only Macao but also the world.
文摘ε-Poly-L-lysine （ε-PL） is an L-lysine linear homopolymer, which is produced by bacteria belonging to the Streptomycetaceae family and by ergot fungi. How- ever, the production of ε-PL by the wild bacteria strain is very low, which limits its utilization. In most bacteria including the Streptomyces genus, L-lysine is a precursor of ε-PL and is biosynthesized by the L-aspartate pathway. Aspartokinase （Ask） is the first key enzyme in this pathway and is subject to complex regulation such as the feedback inhibition by the end product amino acids. In addition, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is feedback- regulated by L-aspartate. To reduce these feedback inhibitions and to improve e-PL productivity, resistant mutants were produced using sulfaguanidine （SG） ＋ glycine ＋ L-lysine ＋ DL-3-hydroxynorvaline （AHV） as selective markers. Using the interaction between e-PL and the charged dye in the solid culture medium, hundreds of colonies were simultaneously screened in a quick and effective manner. Finally, one ε-PL-producing strain, Streptomyces diastatochromogenes L9, was selected. The productivity of this strain during flask fermentation was 0.77 g/L, which was 15% higher than that of the original strain. Moreover, its fermentation performance and genetic characteristics were very stable.
基金We thank Bernd Scheumann,Rainer Kaltofen,and Dr.Jens Ingolf Mönch(all HZDR)for the deposition of metal layer stacks.Support by the Structural Characterization Facilities Rossendorf at the Ion Beam Center(IBC)at the HZDR as well as the SEM/FIB characterization facility at the INTI is greatly appreciated.The project is funded in part via the German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)and the Ministry of Education of Argentina for scholarship“Country-related cooperation programme with Argentina-ALEARG short term scholarship,2017(57352687)”German Research Foundation(DFG)Grant MA 5144/9-1.
文摘Being a facet of flexible electronics,mechanically reshapeable magnetic field sensorics enable novel device ideas for soft robotics,interactive devices for virtual-and augmented reality and point of care diagnostics.These applications demand mechanically compliant yet robust sensor devices revealing high sensitivity to small magnetic fields.To push the detection limit of highly compliant and linear magnetic field sensors to be in the sub-µT range,we explore a new fundamental concept for magnetic field sensing,namely the planar Hall effect in magnetic thin films.With their remarkable bendability down to 1 mm,these compliant planar Hall effect sensors allow for an efficient detection of magnetic fields as small as 200 nT with a limit of detection of 20 nT.We demonstrate the application potential of these devices as a direction(angle)as well as proximity(distance)sensors of tiny magnetic fields emanating from magnetically functionalized objects.With their intrinsic linearity and simplicity of fabrication,these compliant planar Hall effect sensors have the potential to become a standard solution for low field applications of shapeable magnetoelectronics in point of care applications and on-skin interactive electronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41376143)the Leading Talents Program in Taishan Industry of Shandong Province+3 种基金the Leading Talents Program in Entrepreneurship and Innovation of Qingdaothe China-ASEAN Maritime Cooperation Fund “China-ASEAN Center for Joint Research and Promotion of Marine Aquaculture Technology”the China Agriculture Research System (Grant No. CARS-50)the Seed Industry Innovation and Industrialization Project of Fujian Province, China
文摘As a carbon-storage compound and osmoprotectant in brown algae,mannitol is synthesized and then accumulated at high levels in Saccharina japonica(Sja);however,the underlying control mechanisms have not been studied.Our analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from Sja shows that mannitol metabolism is a cyclic pathway composed of four distinct steps.A mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase(M1 PDH2)and two mannitol-1-phosphatases(M1 Pase1 and MIPase2)work together or in combination to exhibit full enzymatic properties.Based on comprehensive transcriptomic data from different tissues,generations,and sexes as well as under different stress conditions,coupled with droplet digital PCR(dd PCR)and proteomic confirmation,we suggest that Sja M1 Pase1 plays a major role in mannitol biosynthesis and that the basic mannitol anabolism and the carbohydrate pool dynamics are responsible for carbon storage and anti-stress mechanism.Our proteomic data indicate that mannitol metabolism remains constant during diurnal cycle in Sja.In addition,we discover that mannitol-metabolism-associated(MMA)genes show differential expression between the multicellular filamentous(gametophyte)and large parenchymal thallus(sporophyte)generations and respond differentially to environmental stresses,such as hyposaline and hyperthermia conditions.Our results indicate that the ecophysiological significance of such differentially expressed genes may be attributable to the evolution of heteromorphic generations(filamentous and thallus)and environmental adaptation of Laminariales.
文摘Two processes of utilizing polyvinyl chloride （PVC） waste, an incineration process and a vacuum pyrolysis process, for energy conversion were compared to determine their efficiency and environmental perfor- mance. We carried out a life cycle assessment with each of the two processes to evaluate their environmental impact and defined the goals and limits of our remit. As well, we established an inventory of PVC waste from incineration and vacuum pyrolysis based on process analysis, data collection and calculations. The results show that electrical power output per unit mass of PVC waste in the incineration process was twice as high as that of the vacuum pyrolysis process. Incineration had a larger total environmental impact potential than vacuum pyrolysis. The total environmental impact potential of PVC waste from incineration was three times higher than that from vacuum pyrolysis. Incineration of PVC disposed 300 ng. 100 kgI of dioxins and vacuum pyrolysis 98.19 ng- 100 kgI of dioxins. As well, we analyzed the data for their uncertainty with results quantified in terms of three uncertainties： basic uncertainty, additional uncertainty, and computational uncertainty. The coefficients of variation of the data were less than 25% and the quality of the inventory data was acceptable with low uncertainty. Both PVC waste disposal processes were of similar quality and their results comparable. The results of our life cycle impact assessment （LCIA） showed considerable reliability of our methodology. Overall, the vacuum pyrolysis process has a number advantages and greater potential for development of PVC disposal than the incineration process.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 61473140 and 62073158]the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program[grant number XLYC1807030]the Program for Liaoning Innovative Talents in University[grant number LR2017029].
文摘This paper addresses the almost surely exponential(ASE)stabilisation problem of continuoustime singular semi-Markov jump systems(s-MJSs),where the state at jump instants is discontinuous.Because of such a discontinuity existing,the consistency of initial condition at jump instants is impossible to be ensured but is an essential issue of singular systems.A proportional-derivative(PD)state feedback controller is proposed to deal with it such that the closed-loop singular s-MJSs is normal and ASE-stable.New sufficient conditions for the existence of such a controller are derived as linear matrix inequalities,which includes some existing considered systems as special situations.Two numerical examples are used to show the effectiveness and superiority of the methods.
