To capitalize on the primary role of major course teaching and to facilitate students’understanding of abstract concepts in the data structure course,it is essential to increase their interest in learning and develop...To capitalize on the primary role of major course teaching and to facilitate students’understanding of abstract concepts in the data structure course,it is essential to increase their interest in learning and develop case studies that highlight fine traditional culture.By incorporating these culture-rich case studies into classroom instruction,we employ a project-driven teaching approach.This not only allows students to master professional knowledge,but also enhances their abilities to solve specific engineering problems,ultimately fostering cultural confidence.Over the past few years,during which educational reforms have been conducted for trial runs,the feasibility and effectiveness of these reform schemes have been demonstrated.展开更多
The detection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBIs) is one of the most fundamental tasks in the study of Oracle Bone, which aims to locate the positions of OBIs on rubbing images. The existing methods are based on the sc...The detection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBIs) is one of the most fundamental tasks in the study of Oracle Bone, which aims to locate the positions of OBIs on rubbing images. The existing methods are based on the scheme of anchor boxes, involving complex network design and a great number of anchor boxes. In order to overcome the problem, this paper proposes a simpler but more effective OBIs detector by using an anchor-free scheme, where shape-adaptive Gaussian kernels are employed to represent the spatial regions of different OBIs. More specifically, to address the problem of misdetection caused by regional overlapping between some tightly distributed OBIs, the character regions are simultaneously represented by multiscale Gaussian kernels to obtain regions with sharp edges. Besides, based on the kernel predictions of different scales, a novel post-processing pipeline is used to obtain accurate predictions of bounding boxes. Experiments show that our OBIs detector has achieved significant results on the OBIs dataset, which greatly outperforms several mainstream object detectors in both speed and efficiency. Dataset is available at http://jgw.aynu.edu.cn.展开更多
The neuroprotective effect of Zhutan Tongluo Tang is associated with the activities of the fibrinolytic system. Thus the present study was designed to investigate therapeutic effects of Zhutan Tongluo Tang on intracer...The neuroprotective effect of Zhutan Tongluo Tang is associated with the activities of the fibrinolytic system. Thus the present study was designed to investigate therapeutic effects of Zhutan Tongluo Tang on intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, induced by injecting collagenase into one side of the caudate nucleus. Fibrinolytic indices including tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and D-Dimer were determined. The results obtained demonstrated that Zhutan Tongluo Tang treatment could alleviate the neural and behavioral impairments of intracerebral hemorrhaging rats. Increased frequencies of placing their forelimb correctly and decreased frequencies of turning left were observed. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay showed that Zhutan Tongluo Tang could significantly elevate the concentration of plasma tissue plasminogen activator and D-Dimer, while depress plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated increased levels of catalase and glutathione in whole brain rat tissue following intracerebral hemorrhage. In addition, elevated expression of Bcl-2 in various hippocampal regions was seen. These findings describe the ability of Zhutan Tongluo Tang to activate the fibrinolytic system, and suggests that antioxidant and apoptosis inhibitory mechanisms may be playing a crucial role in protecting against collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage.展开更多
Oracle bone inscriptions (OBI) has important historical and cultural values. The traditional OBI research methods are at a choke point, and the research method using computer science and information technology has ope...Oracle bone inscriptions (OBI) has important historical and cultural values. The traditional OBI research methods are at a choke point, and the research method using computer science and information technology has opened up the way of OBI information processing. However, it faces some problems, such as large but not centralized knowledge system, long learning cycle, learning difficulties, being difficult to obtain resources, inconsistent format, low retrieval accuracy, and low knowledge sharing and reuse. To solve these problems, it designs an OBI big data research resource management and intelligent knowledge service platform. Its goal is to make full use of OBI big data characteristics and use the knowledge engineering technology to build an OBI knowledge ecosystem. The experiment results show that the platform proposed provides effective one-stop knowledge management and knowledge service.展开更多
Raman spectroscopy has tremendous potential for material analysis with its molecular fingerprinting capability in many branches of science and technology.It is also an emerging omics technique for metabolic profiling ...Raman spectroscopy has tremendous potential for material analysis with its molecular fingerprinting capability in many branches of science and technology.It is also an emerging omics technique for metabolic profiling to shape precision medicine.However,precisely attributing vibration peaks coupled with specific environmental,instrumental,and specimen noise is problematic.Intelligent Raman spectral preprocessing to remove statistical bias noise and sample-related errors should provide a powerful tool for valuable information extraction.Here,we propose a novel Raman spectral preprocessing scheme based on self-supervised learning(RSPSSL)with high capacity and spectral fidelity.It can preprocess arbitrary Raman spectra without further training at a speed of~1900 spectra per second without human interference.The experimental data preprocessing trial demonstrated its excellent capacity and signal fidelity with an 88%reduction in root mean square error and a 60%reduction in infinite norm(L__(∞))compared to established techniques.With this advantage,it remarkably enhanced various biomedical applications with a 400%accuracy elevation(ΔAUC)in cancer diagnosis,an average 38%(few-shot)and 242%accuracy improvement in paraquat concentration prediction,and unsealed the chemical resolution of biomedical hyperspectral images,especially in the spectral fingerprint region.It precisely preprocessed various Raman spectra from different spectroscopy devices,laboratories,and diverse applications.This scheme will enable biomedical mechanism screening with the label-free volumetric molecular imaging tool on organism and disease metabolomics profiling with a scenario of high throughput,cross-device,various analyte complexity,and diverse applications.展开更多
Background:Due to the occult anatomic location of the nasopharynx and frequent presence of adenoid hyperpla-sia,the positive rate for malignancy identification during biopsy is low,thus leading to delayed or missed di...Background:Due to the occult anatomic location of the nasopharynx and frequent presence of adenoid hyperpla-sia,the positive rate for malignancy identification during biopsy is low,thus leading to delayed or missed diagnosis for nasopharyngeal malignancies upon initial attempt.Here,we aimed to develop an artificial intelligence tool to detect nasopharyngeal malignancies under endoscopic examination based on deep learning.Methods:An endoscopic images-based nasopharyngeal malignancy detection model(eNPM-DM)consisting of a fully convolutional network based on the inception architecture was developed and fine-tuned using separate training and validation sets for both classification and segmentation.Briefly,a total of 28,966 qualified images were collected.Among these images,27,536 biopsy-proven images from 7951 individuals obtained from January 1st,2008,to December 31st,2016,were split into the training,validation and test sets at a ratio of 7:1:2 using simple randomiza-tion.Additionally,1430 images obtained from January 1st,2017,to March 31st,2017,were used as a prospective test set to compare the performance of the established model against oncologist evaluation.The dice similarity coef-ficient(DSC)was used to evaluate the efficiency of eNPM-DM in automatic segmentation of malignant area from the background of nasopharyngeal endoscopic images,by comparing automatic segmentation with manual segmenta-tion performed by the experts.Results:All images were histopathologically confirmed,and included 5713(19.7%)normal control,19,107(66.0%)nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),335(1.2%)NPC and 3811(13.2%)benign diseases.The eNPM-DM attained an overall accuracy of 88.7%(95%confidence interval(CI)87.8%-89.5%)in detecting malignancies in the test set.In the prospective comparison phase,eNPM-DM outperformed the experts:the overall accuracy was 88.0%(95%CI 86.1%-89.6%)vs.80.5%(95%CI 77.0%-84.0%).The eNPM-DM required less time(40 s vs.110.0±5.8 min)and exhibited encouraging performance in automatic segmentation of nasopharyngeal malignant area from the background,with an average DSC of 0.78±0.24 and 0.75±0.26 in the test and prospective test sets,respectively.Conclusions:The eNPM-DM outperformed oncologist evaluation in diagnostic classification of nasopharyngeal mass into benign versus malignant,and realized automatic segmentation of malignant area from the background of nasopharyngeal endoscopic images.展开更多
Recently,high-entropy ceramics have attracted considerable attentions because of comprehensive physical and chemical properties of high hardness,fracture toughness,and conductivity.However,as a newly emerging class of...Recently,high-entropy ceramics have attracted considerable attentions because of comprehensive physical and chemical properties of high hardness,fracture toughness,and conductivity.However,as a newly emerging class of materials,the synthesis,performance and applications of high-entropy ceramics are subject to further development.Here,we reported a new non-stoichiometric TiC0.4/WC/0.5Mo2C medium-entropy carbide(MEC)with a rock-salt structure.Attributed to the solid solution strengthening and twinning strengthening,the TiCO0.4/WC/0.5Mo2C sintered at 1900℃by spark plasma sintering(SPS)shows superior mechanical behaviors of microhardness(21.7 GPa),which exceeds that expected from the rule of mixture(ROM)of three individual metal carbides(19.1 GPa)and good fracture toughness(5.3 MPa m1/2).Significantly,the bulk synthesized via high-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)sintering possesses smaller grain size and shows better comprehensive mechanical properties of microhardness(23.7 GPa)and fracture toughness(6.2 MPa m1/2).In addition,the effect of anion vacancies on the thermodynamic stability and synthesizability of TiC0.4/WC/0.5Mo2C was analyzed via quantitatively calculated entropy.Vacancies could significantly enhance the configuratio nal entropy of mixing of the solid phase.The introduction of vacancy defects may expand synthetic path for entropy-stabilized ceramics,especially for multi-component high tempe rature refractory ceramics.展开更多
基金the research outcomes of a blended top-tier undergraduate course in Henan ProvinceData Structures and Algorithms(Jiao Gao[2022]324)a research-based teaching demonstration course in Henan Province-Data Structures and Algorithms(Jiao Gao[2023]36)a model course of ideological and political education of Anyang Normal University-Data Structures and Algorithms(No.YBKC20210012)。
文摘To capitalize on the primary role of major course teaching and to facilitate students’understanding of abstract concepts in the data structure course,it is essential to increase their interest in learning and develop case studies that highlight fine traditional culture.By incorporating these culture-rich case studies into classroom instruction,we employ a project-driven teaching approach.This not only allows students to master professional knowledge,but also enhances their abilities to solve specific engineering problems,ultimately fostering cultural confidence.Over the past few years,during which educational reforms have been conducted for trial runs,the feasibility and effectiveness of these reform schemes have been demonstrated.
文摘The detection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBIs) is one of the most fundamental tasks in the study of Oracle Bone, which aims to locate the positions of OBIs on rubbing images. The existing methods are based on the scheme of anchor boxes, involving complex network design and a great number of anchor boxes. In order to overcome the problem, this paper proposes a simpler but more effective OBIs detector by using an anchor-free scheme, where shape-adaptive Gaussian kernels are employed to represent the spatial regions of different OBIs. More specifically, to address the problem of misdetection caused by regional overlapping between some tightly distributed OBIs, the character regions are simultaneously represented by multiscale Gaussian kernels to obtain regions with sharp edges. Besides, based on the kernel predictions of different scales, a novel post-processing pipeline is used to obtain accurate predictions of bounding boxes. Experiments show that our OBIs detector has achieved significant results on the OBIs dataset, which greatly outperforms several mainstream object detectors in both speed and efficiency. Dataset is available at http://jgw.aynu.edu.cn.
基金a grant by Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau, No.Y20060700
文摘The neuroprotective effect of Zhutan Tongluo Tang is associated with the activities of the fibrinolytic system. Thus the present study was designed to investigate therapeutic effects of Zhutan Tongluo Tang on intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, induced by injecting collagenase into one side of the caudate nucleus. Fibrinolytic indices including tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and D-Dimer were determined. The results obtained demonstrated that Zhutan Tongluo Tang treatment could alleviate the neural and behavioral impairments of intracerebral hemorrhaging rats. Increased frequencies of placing their forelimb correctly and decreased frequencies of turning left were observed. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay showed that Zhutan Tongluo Tang could significantly elevate the concentration of plasma tissue plasminogen activator and D-Dimer, while depress plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated increased levels of catalase and glutathione in whole brain rat tissue following intracerebral hemorrhage. In addition, elevated expression of Bcl-2 in various hippocampal regions was seen. These findings describe the ability of Zhutan Tongluo Tang to activate the fibrinolytic system, and suggests that antioxidant and apoptosis inhibitory mechanisms may be playing a crucial role in protecting against collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1504612, 61806007, U1804153)the National Language Committee scientific research projects of China (No. YWZ-J023, YB135-50)+1 种基金the Development Projects of Henan Province Science and Technology (No. 182102310039)the Science and Technology Key Project of Henan Province Education Department (No. 17A520002).
文摘Oracle bone inscriptions (OBI) has important historical and cultural values. The traditional OBI research methods are at a choke point, and the research method using computer science and information technology has opened up the way of OBI information processing. However, it faces some problems, such as large but not centralized knowledge system, long learning cycle, learning difficulties, being difficult to obtain resources, inconsistent format, low retrieval accuracy, and low knowledge sharing and reuse. To solve these problems, it designs an OBI big data research resource management and intelligent knowledge service platform. Its goal is to make full use of OBI big data characteristics and use the knowledge engineering technology to build an OBI knowledge ecosystem. The experiment results show that the platform proposed provides effective one-stop knowledge management and knowledge service.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(62220106006)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(SGDX20211123114001001,JSGGKQTD20221101115656030)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120013).
文摘Raman spectroscopy has tremendous potential for material analysis with its molecular fingerprinting capability in many branches of science and technology.It is also an emerging omics technique for metabolic profiling to shape precision medicine.However,precisely attributing vibration peaks coupled with specific environmental,instrumental,and specimen noise is problematic.Intelligent Raman spectral preprocessing to remove statistical bias noise and sample-related errors should provide a powerful tool for valuable information extraction.Here,we propose a novel Raman spectral preprocessing scheme based on self-supervised learning(RSPSSL)with high capacity and spectral fidelity.It can preprocess arbitrary Raman spectra without further training at a speed of~1900 spectra per second without human interference.The experimental data preprocessing trial demonstrated its excellent capacity and signal fidelity with an 88%reduction in root mean square error and a 60%reduction in infinite norm(L__(∞))compared to established techniques.With this advantage,it remarkably enhanced various biomedical applications with a 400%accuracy elevation(ΔAUC)in cancer diagnosis,an average 38%(few-shot)and 242%accuracy improvement in paraquat concentration prediction,and unsealed the chemical resolution of biomedical hyperspectral images,especially in the spectral fingerprint region.It precisely preprocessed various Raman spectra from different spectroscopy devices,laboratories,and diverse applications.This scheme will enable biomedical mechanism screening with the label-free volumetric molecular imaging tool on organism and disease metabolomics profiling with a scenario of high throughput,cross-device,various analyte complexity,and diverse applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Nos.81572665,81672680,81472525,81702873]the International Cooperation Project of Science and Technology Plan of Guangdong Province[Grant No.2016A050502011]the Health&Medical Collaborative Innovation Project of Guangzhou City,China(Grant No.201604020003).
文摘Background:Due to the occult anatomic location of the nasopharynx and frequent presence of adenoid hyperpla-sia,the positive rate for malignancy identification during biopsy is low,thus leading to delayed or missed diagnosis for nasopharyngeal malignancies upon initial attempt.Here,we aimed to develop an artificial intelligence tool to detect nasopharyngeal malignancies under endoscopic examination based on deep learning.Methods:An endoscopic images-based nasopharyngeal malignancy detection model(eNPM-DM)consisting of a fully convolutional network based on the inception architecture was developed and fine-tuned using separate training and validation sets for both classification and segmentation.Briefly,a total of 28,966 qualified images were collected.Among these images,27,536 biopsy-proven images from 7951 individuals obtained from January 1st,2008,to December 31st,2016,were split into the training,validation and test sets at a ratio of 7:1:2 using simple randomiza-tion.Additionally,1430 images obtained from January 1st,2017,to March 31st,2017,were used as a prospective test set to compare the performance of the established model against oncologist evaluation.The dice similarity coef-ficient(DSC)was used to evaluate the efficiency of eNPM-DM in automatic segmentation of malignant area from the background of nasopharyngeal endoscopic images,by comparing automatic segmentation with manual segmenta-tion performed by the experts.Results:All images were histopathologically confirmed,and included 5713(19.7%)normal control,19,107(66.0%)nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),335(1.2%)NPC and 3811(13.2%)benign diseases.The eNPM-DM attained an overall accuracy of 88.7%(95%confidence interval(CI)87.8%-89.5%)in detecting malignancies in the test set.In the prospective comparison phase,eNPM-DM outperformed the experts:the overall accuracy was 88.0%(95%CI 86.1%-89.6%)vs.80.5%(95%CI 77.0%-84.0%).The eNPM-DM required less time(40 s vs.110.0±5.8 min)and exhibited encouraging performance in automatic segmentation of nasopharyngeal malignant area from the background,with an average DSC of 0.78±0.24 and 0.75±0.26 in the test and prospective test sets,respectively.Conclusions:The eNPM-DM outperformed oncologist evaluation in diagnostic classification of nasopharyngeal mass into benign versus malignant,and realized automatic segmentation of malignant area from the background of nasopharyngeal endoscopic images.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(Nos.E2016203425 and E2017203223)the Key Projects of Scientific and Technological Research in Hebei Province(No.ZD2017074)。
文摘Recently,high-entropy ceramics have attracted considerable attentions because of comprehensive physical and chemical properties of high hardness,fracture toughness,and conductivity.However,as a newly emerging class of materials,the synthesis,performance and applications of high-entropy ceramics are subject to further development.Here,we reported a new non-stoichiometric TiC0.4/WC/0.5Mo2C medium-entropy carbide(MEC)with a rock-salt structure.Attributed to the solid solution strengthening and twinning strengthening,the TiCO0.4/WC/0.5Mo2C sintered at 1900℃by spark plasma sintering(SPS)shows superior mechanical behaviors of microhardness(21.7 GPa),which exceeds that expected from the rule of mixture(ROM)of three individual metal carbides(19.1 GPa)and good fracture toughness(5.3 MPa m1/2).Significantly,the bulk synthesized via high-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)sintering possesses smaller grain size and shows better comprehensive mechanical properties of microhardness(23.7 GPa)and fracture toughness(6.2 MPa m1/2).In addition,the effect of anion vacancies on the thermodynamic stability and synthesizability of TiC0.4/WC/0.5Mo2C was analyzed via quantitatively calculated entropy.Vacancies could significantly enhance the configuratio nal entropy of mixing of the solid phase.The introduction of vacancy defects may expand synthetic path for entropy-stabilized ceramics,especially for multi-component high tempe rature refractory ceramics.
