To improve the efficiency and accuracy of single-event effect(SEE)research at the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou,Hi’Beam-SEE must precisely localize the position at which each heavy ion hitting the integrated...To improve the efficiency and accuracy of single-event effect(SEE)research at the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou,Hi’Beam-SEE must precisely localize the position at which each heavy ion hitting the integrated circuit(IC)causes SEE.In this study,we propose a fast multi-track location(FML)method based on deep learning to locate the position of each particle track with high speed and accuracy.FML can process a vast amount of data supplied by Hi’Beam-SEE online,revealing sensitive areas in real time.FML is a slot-based object-centric encoder-decoder structure in which each slot can learn the location information of each track in the image.To make the method more accurate for real data,we designed an algorithm to generate a simulated dataset with a distribution similar to that of the real data,which was then used to train the model.Extensive comparison experiments demonstrated that the FML method,which has the best performance on simulated datasets,has high accuracy on real datasets as well.In particular,FML can reach 238 fps and a standard error of 1.6237μm.This study discusses the design and performance of FML.展开更多
Carbon ions,commonly referred to as particle therapy,have become increasingly popular in the last decade.Accurately predicting the range of ions in tissues is important for the precise delivery of doses in heavy-ion r...Carbon ions,commonly referred to as particle therapy,have become increasingly popular in the last decade.Accurately predicting the range of ions in tissues is important for the precise delivery of doses in heavy-ion radiotherapy.Range uncertainty is currently the largest contributor to dose uncertainty in normal tissues,leading to the use of safety margins in treatment planning.One potential method is the direct relative stopping measurement(RSP)with ions.Heavy-ion CT(Hi′CT),a compact segmented full digital tomography detector using monolithic active pixel sensors,was designed and evaluated using a 430 MeV/u high-energy carbon ion pencil beam in Geant4.The precise position of the individual carbon ion track can be recorded and reconstructed using a 30μm×30μm small pixel pitch size.Two types of customized image reconstruction algorithms were developed,and their performances were evaluated using three different modules of CAT-PHAN 600-series phantoms.The RSP measurement accuracy of the tracking algorithm for different types of materials in the CTP404 module was less than 1%.In terms of spatial resolution,the tracking algorithm could achieve a 20%modulation transfer function normalization value of CTP528 imaging results at 5 lp/cm,which is significantly better than that of the fast imaging algorithm(3 lp/cm).The density resolution obtained using the tracking algorithm of the customized CTP515 was approximately 10.5%.In conclusion,a compact digital Hi'CT system was designed,and its nominal performance was evaluated in a simulation.The RSP resolution and image quality provide potential feasibility for scanning most parts of an adult body or pediatric patient,particularly for head and neck tumor treatment.展开更多
In this paper,we propose Hformer,a novel supervised learning model for low-dose computer tomography(LDCT)denoising.Hformer combines the strengths of convolutional neural networks for local feature extraction and trans...In this paper,we propose Hformer,a novel supervised learning model for low-dose computer tomography(LDCT)denoising.Hformer combines the strengths of convolutional neural networks for local feature extraction and transformer models for global feature capture.The performance of Hformer was verified and evaluated based on the AAPM-Mayo Clinic LDCT Grand Challenge Dataset.Compared with the former representative state-of-the-art(SOTA)model designs under different architectures,Hformer achieved optimal metrics without requiring a large number of learning parameters,with metrics of33.4405 PSNR,8.6956 RMSE,and 0.9163 SSIM.The experiments demonstrated designed Hformer is a SOTA model for noise suppression,structure preservation,and lesion detection.展开更多
A fully digital data acquisition system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA) was developed for a CsI(Tl) array at the external target facility(ETF) in the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). To pr...A fully digital data acquisition system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA) was developed for a CsI(Tl) array at the external target facility(ETF) in the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). To process the CsI(Tl) signals generated by γ-rays and light-charged ions, a scheme for digital pulse processing algorithms is proposed. Every step in the algorithms was benchmarked using standard γ and α sources. The scheme, which included a moving average filter, baseline restoration, leading-edge discrimination, moving window deconvolution, and digital charge comparison, was subsequently implemented on the FPGA. A good energy resolution of 5.7% for 1.33-MeV γ-rays and excellent α-γ identification using the digital charge comparison method were achieved, which satisfies CsI(Tl) array performance requirements.展开更多
As the representative of flexibility in optical imaging media,in recent years,fiber bundles have emerged as a promising architecture in the development of compact visual systems.Dedicated to tackling the problems of u...As the representative of flexibility in optical imaging media,in recent years,fiber bundles have emerged as a promising architecture in the development of compact visual systems.Dedicated to tackling the problems of universal honeycomb artifacts and low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)imaging in fiber bundles,the iterative super-resolution reconstruction network based on a physical model is proposed.Under the constraint of solving the two subproblems of data fidelity and prior regularization term alternately,the network can efficiently“regenerate”the lost spatial resolution with deep learning.By building and calibrating a dual-path imaging system,the real-world dataset where paired low-resolution(LR)-high-resolution(HR)images on the same scene can be generated simultaneously.Numerical results on both the United States Air Force(USAF)resolution target and complex target objects demonstrate that the algorithm can restore high-contrast images without pixilated noise.On the basis of super-resolution reconstruction,compound eye image composition based on fiber bundle is also embedded in this paper for the actual imaging requirements.The proposed work is the first to apply a physical model-based deep learning network to fiber bundle imaging in the infrared band,effectively promoting the engineering application of thermal radiation detection.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are rare,while synchronous MPMNs(SMPMNs)are even less common.Owing to the progression of medical technology and the extension of life expectancy,its incidence is g...BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are rare,while synchronous MPMNs(SMPMNs)are even less common.Owing to the progression of medical technology and the extension of life expectancy,its incidence is gradually increasing.CASE SUMMARY Although reports of breast and thyroid dual cancers are common,cases of an additional diagnosis of kidney primary cancer within the same individual are rare.CONCLUSION We present a case of simultaneous MPMN of three endocrine organs,reviewing the relevant literature to enhance our understanding of SMPMNs while emphasizing the increasingly important need for accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management whenever this challenging situation arises.展开更多
Implementation of the water-sediment regulation(WSR) scheme, mainly focused on solving the sedimentation problems of reservoirs and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, has inevitably influenced the sediment distrib...Implementation of the water-sediment regulation(WSR) scheme, mainly focused on solving the sedimentation problems of reservoirs and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, has inevitably influenced the sediment distribution and coastal morphology of the Yellow River Estuary.Using coastline delineation and suspended sediment concentration(SSC) retrieval methods, this study investigated water and sediment changes,identified detailed inter-annual and intra-annual variations of the coastline and SSC in the normal period(NP: 1986-2001, before and after the flood season) and WSR period(WSRP: 2002-2013, before and after WSR). The results indicate that(1) the sedimentation in the low reaches of the Yellow River turned into erosion from 2002 onward;(2) the inter-annual coastline changes could be divided into an accretion stage(1986-1996), a slow erosion stage(1996-2002), and a slow accretion stage(2002-2013);(3) an intra-annual coastline extension occurred in the river mouth in most years of the WSRP; and(4) the mean intra-annual accretion area was 0.789 km^2 in the NP and 4.73 km2 in the WSRP,and the mean SSC increased from 238 mg/L to 293 mg/L in the NP and from 192 mg/L to 264 mg/L in the WSRP.展开更多
Objective:To study whether sevoflurane pretreatment inhibits the myocardial apoptosis caused by hypoxia reoxygenation through AMPK pathway.Methods:H9c2 myocardial cell lines were cultured and divided into control grou...Objective:To study whether sevoflurane pretreatment inhibits the myocardial apoptosis caused by hypoxia reoxygenation through AMPK pathway.Methods:H9c2 myocardial cell lines were cultured and divided into control group(C group),hypoxia reoxygenation group(H/R group),sevoflurane pretreatment+hypoxia reoxygenation group(SP group) and sevoflurane combined with Compound C pretreatment+hypoxia reoxygenation group(ComC group),and the cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate,myocardial enzyme levels in culture medium as well as the expression of apoptosis genes and p-AMPK in cells were determined.Results:p-AMPK expression in cells of H/R group was significantly lower than that of C group,SP group was significantly higher than that of H/R group;cell proliferation activity value and Bcl-2 expression in cells of H/R group were significantly lower than those of C group,SP group were significantly higher than those of H/R group,Com C group were significantly lower than those of SP group;apoptosis rate,LDH,CK and AST levels as well as the Bax and Caspase-3 expression in cells of H/R group were significantly higher than those of C group,SP group were significantly lower than those of H/R group,ComC group were significantly higher than those of SP group.Conclusions:Sevoflurane pretreatment can activate AMPK signaling pathway to inhibit the myocardial apoptosis caused by hypoxia reoxygenation.展开更多
China plans to develop the next generation dark matter particle explorer satellite,referred to as the Very Large Area Space Telescope(VLAST).As an essential step in this process,the prototype design of detectors and e...China plans to develop the next generation dark matter particle explorer satellite,referred to as the Very Large Area Space Telescope(VLAST).As an essential step in this process,the prototype design of detectors and electronics for the VLAST is currently underway.The nuclide detector is a core detector in the VLAST.It mainly measures nuclides’charges and distinguishes high-energy gamma rays and electrons.This paper will discuss the prototype readout electronics for the VLAST’s nuclide detector,which accurately measures the charge signal of the photomultiplier tubes using the VATA160 applicationspecific integrated circuit chip;furthermore,we consider a series of critical problems,including radiation-hardening and environment monitoring.The test results show that the system exhibits stable operation,good performance,and good technical indicators.Furthermore,each electronic channel achieves a dynamic range of 0-12.5 pC,the random noise level exceeds 1.6 fC,and the integral nonlinearity exceeds 0.35%.展开更多
We predict proton single event effect(SEE)error rates for the VATA160 ASIC chip on the Dark Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE) to evaluate its radiation tolerance.Lacking proton test facilities,we built a Monte Carlo sim...We predict proton single event effect(SEE)error rates for the VATA160 ASIC chip on the Dark Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE) to evaluate its radiation tolerance.Lacking proton test facilities,we built a Monte Carlo simulation tool named PRESTAGE to calculate the proton SEE cross-sections.PRESTAGE is based on the particle transport toolkit Geant4.It adopts a location-dependent strategy to derive the SEE sensitivity of the device from heavy-ion test data,which have been measured at the HI-13 tandem accelerator of the China Institute of Atomic Energy and the heavy-ion research facility in Lanzhou.The AP-8,SOLPRO,and August 1972 worst-case models are used to predict the average and peak proton fluxes on the DAMPE orbit.Calculation results show that the averaged proton SEE error rate for the VATA160 chip is approximately 2.17×10^(-5)/device/day.Worst-case error rates for the Van Allen belts and solar energetic particle events are 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than the averaged error rate.展开更多
A prototype beam monitor was designed to provide tracking information for heavy-ion projectiles for the cool storage ring(CSR)external target experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).High gr...A prototype beam monitor was designed to provide tracking information for heavy-ion projectiles for the cool storage ring(CSR)external target experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).High granularity and direct charge sensing are the main features of this device.It measures the beam position in a two-dimensional(2D)plane transverse to the beam direction on an event-by-event basis.The current design consists of two field cages inside a single vessel that operates independently and has electrical drift fields in orthogonal directions.Preliminary tests of the prototype were performed using a^(241)Am a source.The results show that a spatial resolution of less than 40μm and a time resolution of less than 600 ns can be achieved.展开更多
A new wide-range fast readout system capable of adaptive identification is designed for wire scanners,which are used to measure beam profiles and emittance.This system is capable of handling varying current signals wi...A new wide-range fast readout system capable of adaptive identification is designed for wire scanners,which are used to measure beam profiles and emittance.This system is capable of handling varying current signals with Gaussian distributions and current pulses up to 1000 counts/s, as well as an input current range of 1 n A–1 m A. When tested, the resolution was found to exceed 3.68% for full scale, the nonlinearity was found to be less than 0.11%, and the measurement sensibility was found to be less than 5 p A. We believe that the system will play a crucial role in improving the measurement accuracy of beam diagnosis and the efficiency of accelerator operation,as well as decreasing the time required for beam tuning.This system was applied to the beam diagnosis of an injector II prototype for an accelerator-driven subcritical system and produced excellent measurement results. A description of the adaptive fast readout system for wire scanners is presented in this paper.展开更多
Both the photosynthetic light curves and CO2 curves of Juglans regia L. and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa in three seasons were measured using a LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The maximal net photosynthe...Both the photosynthetic light curves and CO2 curves of Juglans regia L. and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa in three seasons were measured using a LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The maximal net photosynthetic rate (Amax), apparent quantum efficiency(φ), maximal carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and water use efficiency (WUE) of the two species were calculated based on the curves. The results showed that Amax of J. regia reached its maximum at the late-season, while the highest values of Amax of Z. jujuba occurred at the mid-season. The Amax of J. regia was more affected by relative humidity (RH) of the atmosphere, while that of Z. jujuba was more affected by the air temperature. Light saturation point (LSP) and Light compensation point (LCP) of J. regia had a higher correlation with RH of the atmosphere, those of Z. jujuba, however, had a higher correlation with air temperature. Vcmax of both J. regia and Z. jujuba had negative correlation with RH of the atmosphere. WUE of J. regia would decrease with the rise of the air temperature while that of Z. jujuba increased. Thus it could be seen that RH, temperature and soil moisture had main effect on photosynthesis and WUE of J. regia and Z. jujuba. Incorporating data on the physiological differences among tree species into forest carbon models will greatly improve our ability to predict alterations to the forest carbon budgets under various environmental scenarios such as global climate change, or with differing species composition.展开更多
Tetraphenylethylene(TPE) and its derivatives, as the widely used aggregation-induced emission(AIE) fluorophores, have attracted rapidly growing interest in the fields of material science and biological technology due ...Tetraphenylethylene(TPE) and its derivatives, as the widely used aggregation-induced emission(AIE) fluorophores, have attracted rapidly growing interest in the fields of material science and biological technology due to their unique light-emitting mechanism—they are nearly non-emissive in dilute solution but emit brilliant fluorescence in the aggregate state because of the restriction of intramolecular motion. Coordination-driven self-assembly, which provides a highly effective method to put the individual chromophores together, is consistent with the AIE mechanism of TPE. During the past few years, some AIE-active metal-organic coordination complexes have been successfully constructed via coordination-driven self-assembly, and their AIE properties and applications have been investigated. In this review, we survey the recent progress on TPE-based metal-organic coordination complexes and their applications in fluorescence sensors, cell imaging, and light-emitting materials. We will introduce them from three different types of structures: metallacycles, metallacages, and metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).展开更多
We designed and constructed a new family of 608 dendritic dipyridyl donors, from which two novel triangular metallodendrimers were successfully prepared via coordination-driven self-assembly.Inspired by the existence ...We designed and constructed a new family of 608 dendritic dipyridyl donors, from which two novel triangular metallodendrimers were successfully prepared via coordination-driven self-assembly.Inspired by the existence of multiple intermolecular interactions(e.g., p–p stacking and CH–p interactions) imposed by the DMIP-functionalized poly(benzyl ether) dendrons, their hierarchical selfassembly behaviors were studied in various mixed solvents by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Interestingly, it was found that the morphologies of the obtained metallodendrimers were highly depended on the dendron generation. For example, the first-generation metallodendrimer was able to hierarchically self-assemble into the spherical nanostructures in various mixed solvents. However, the nanofibers were observed for the second-generation metallodendrimer under the similar conditions.Furthermore, the driven force for the formation of such ordered nanostructures was investigated by using1 H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy.展开更多
Background and Originality Content Porphyrins are a vibrant class of organic dyes found widely in nature,ranging from the well-studied chlorophyll and heme found in the cells of plants and red blooded animals to the l...Background and Originality Content Porphyrins are a vibrant class of organic dyes found widely in nature,ranging from the well-studied chlorophyll and heme found in the cells of plants and red blooded animals to the less known chlorocruoroporphyrin found in annelids.展开更多
Triphenylamine(TPA) derivatives have been widely used as useful building blocks for diverse functional materials because of their excellent redox activity. Most of the molecular structures of TPA-based organic functio...Triphenylamine(TPA) derivatives have been widely used as useful building blocks for diverse functional materials because of their excellent redox activity. Most of the molecular structures of TPA-based organic functional materials contain 4-anisyl groups, which on one hand could reduce their oxidation potential and on the other hand significantly delocalize the spin density of the resultant TPA radical cation species and enhance their stability. However, molecular-level investigation of the redox behavior of triphenylamines consisting of 4-anisyl group and the electronic structures of their radical cation species has not been reported in the literature. Herein, we design a series of triphenylamines consisting of one, two, or three 3,5-di–tert–butyl–4-anisyl groups and investigate their redox behaviors and corresponding radical cation species. We disclose that the resonance hybrid and steric protection could both contribute to the stability of triphenylamine radical cations. Moreover, further oxidation leads to an unexpected oxidative demethylation. The findings in this work may reveal new insights for the understanding of the unique redox properties of 4-anisyl substituted triphenylamines.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U2032209,11975292,12222512)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1601300)+2 种基金the CAS“Light of West China”Programthe CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent Programthe Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (No.2020B0301030008)。
文摘To improve the efficiency and accuracy of single-event effect(SEE)research at the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou,Hi’Beam-SEE must precisely localize the position at which each heavy ion hitting the integrated circuit(IC)causes SEE.In this study,we propose a fast multi-track location(FML)method based on deep learning to locate the position of each particle track with high speed and accuracy.FML can process a vast amount of data supplied by Hi’Beam-SEE online,revealing sensitive areas in real time.FML is a slot-based object-centric encoder-decoder structure in which each slot can learn the location information of each track in the image.To make the method more accurate for real data,we designed an algorithm to generate a simulated dataset with a distribution similar to that of the real data,which was then used to train the model.Extensive comparison experiments demonstrated that the FML method,which has the best performance on simulated datasets,has high accuracy on real datasets as well.In particular,FML can reach 238 fps and a standard error of 1.6237μm.This study discusses the design and performance of FML.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975292,12205374,U2032209,and 12222512)Beijing Hope Run Special Fund of Cancer Foundation of China(No.LC2021B23)+1 种基金the CAS“Light of West China”Program,the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent Program,the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030008)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1601300 and 2020YFE0202002).
文摘Carbon ions,commonly referred to as particle therapy,have become increasingly popular in the last decade.Accurately predicting the range of ions in tissues is important for the precise delivery of doses in heavy-ion radiotherapy.Range uncertainty is currently the largest contributor to dose uncertainty in normal tissues,leading to the use of safety margins in treatment planning.One potential method is the direct relative stopping measurement(RSP)with ions.Heavy-ion CT(Hi′CT),a compact segmented full digital tomography detector using monolithic active pixel sensors,was designed and evaluated using a 430 MeV/u high-energy carbon ion pencil beam in Geant4.The precise position of the individual carbon ion track can be recorded and reconstructed using a 30μm×30μm small pixel pitch size.Two types of customized image reconstruction algorithms were developed,and their performances were evaluated using three different modules of CAT-PHAN 600-series phantoms.The RSP measurement accuracy of the tracking algorithm for different types of materials in the CTP404 module was less than 1%.In terms of spatial resolution,the tracking algorithm could achieve a 20%modulation transfer function normalization value of CTP528 imaging results at 5 lp/cm,which is significantly better than that of the fast imaging algorithm(3 lp/cm).The density resolution obtained using the tracking algorithm of the customized CTP515 was approximately 10.5%.In conclusion,a compact digital Hi'CT system was designed,and its nominal performance was evaluated in a simulation.The RSP resolution and image quality provide potential feasibility for scanning most parts of an adult body or pediatric patient,particularly for head and neck tumor treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975292,12222512)the CAS"Light of West Chin"Program+1 种基金the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent Programthe Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030008)。
文摘In this paper,we propose Hformer,a novel supervised learning model for low-dose computer tomography(LDCT)denoising.Hformer combines the strengths of convolutional neural networks for local feature extraction and transformer models for global feature capture.The performance of Hformer was verified and evaluated based on the AAPM-Mayo Clinic LDCT Grand Challenge Dataset.Compared with the former representative state-of-the-art(SOTA)model designs under different architectures,Hformer achieved optimal metrics without requiring a large number of learning parameters,with metrics of33.4405 PSNR,8.6956 RMSE,and 0.9163 SSIM.The experiments demonstrated designed Hformer is a SOTA model for noise suppression,structure preservation,and lesion detection.
基金supported by the Open Research Project of CAS Large Research InfrastructuresCAS Key Technology Talent ProgramNational Natural Science Foundations of China (Nos.U2031206 and 12273086)
文摘A fully digital data acquisition system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA) was developed for a CsI(Tl) array at the external target facility(ETF) in the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). To process the CsI(Tl) signals generated by γ-rays and light-charged ions, a scheme for digital pulse processing algorithms is proposed. Every step in the algorithms was benchmarked using standard γ and α sources. The scheme, which included a moving average filter, baseline restoration, leading-edge discrimination, moving window deconvolution, and digital charge comparison, was subsequently implemented on the FPGA. A good energy resolution of 5.7% for 1.33-MeV γ-rays and excellent α-γ identification using the digital charge comparison method were achieved, which satisfies CsI(Tl) array performance requirements.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61905115,62105151,62175109,U21B2033)Leading Technology of Jiangsu Basic Research Plan(Grant No.BK20192003)+2 种基金Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20190445,BK20210338)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30920032101)Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging&Intelligent Sense(Grant No.JSGP202105)to provide fund for conducting experiments。
文摘As the representative of flexibility in optical imaging media,in recent years,fiber bundles have emerged as a promising architecture in the development of compact visual systems.Dedicated to tackling the problems of universal honeycomb artifacts and low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)imaging in fiber bundles,the iterative super-resolution reconstruction network based on a physical model is proposed.Under the constraint of solving the two subproblems of data fidelity and prior regularization term alternately,the network can efficiently“regenerate”the lost spatial resolution with deep learning.By building and calibrating a dual-path imaging system,the real-world dataset where paired low-resolution(LR)-high-resolution(HR)images on the same scene can be generated simultaneously.Numerical results on both the United States Air Force(USAF)resolution target and complex target objects demonstrate that the algorithm can restore high-contrast images without pixilated noise.On the basis of super-resolution reconstruction,compound eye image composition based on fiber bundle is also embedded in this paper for the actual imaging requirements.The proposed work is the first to apply a physical model-based deep learning network to fiber bundle imaging in the infrared band,effectively promoting the engineering application of thermal radiation detection.
基金Shanxi Soft Science General Program,No.2018041032-2.
文摘BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are rare,while synchronous MPMNs(SMPMNs)are even less common.Owing to the progression of medical technology and the extension of life expectancy,its incidence is gradually increasing.CASE SUMMARY Although reports of breast and thyroid dual cancers are common,cases of an additional diagnosis of kidney primary cancer within the same individual are rare.CONCLUSION We present a case of simultaneous MPMN of three endocrine organs,reviewing the relevant literature to enhance our understanding of SMPMNs while emphasizing the increasingly important need for accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management whenever this challenging situation arises.
基金supported by the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety(Grant No.HESS-1705)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41101561)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(Grant No.162102410066)the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research(Grant No.IWHR-SKL-201701)
文摘Implementation of the water-sediment regulation(WSR) scheme, mainly focused on solving the sedimentation problems of reservoirs and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, has inevitably influenced the sediment distribution and coastal morphology of the Yellow River Estuary.Using coastline delineation and suspended sediment concentration(SSC) retrieval methods, this study investigated water and sediment changes,identified detailed inter-annual and intra-annual variations of the coastline and SSC in the normal period(NP: 1986-2001, before and after the flood season) and WSR period(WSRP: 2002-2013, before and after WSR). The results indicate that(1) the sedimentation in the low reaches of the Yellow River turned into erosion from 2002 onward;(2) the inter-annual coastline changes could be divided into an accretion stage(1986-1996), a slow erosion stage(1996-2002), and a slow accretion stage(2002-2013);(3) an intra-annual coastline extension occurred in the river mouth in most years of the WSRP; and(4) the mean intra-annual accretion area was 0.789 km^2 in the NP and 4.73 km2 in the WSRP,and the mean SSC increased from 238 mg/L to 293 mg/L in the NP and from 192 mg/L to 264 mg/L in the WSRP.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No:ZR2012HL26)
文摘Objective:To study whether sevoflurane pretreatment inhibits the myocardial apoptosis caused by hypoxia reoxygenation through AMPK pathway.Methods:H9c2 myocardial cell lines were cultured and divided into control group(C group),hypoxia reoxygenation group(H/R group),sevoflurane pretreatment+hypoxia reoxygenation group(SP group) and sevoflurane combined with Compound C pretreatment+hypoxia reoxygenation group(ComC group),and the cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate,myocardial enzyme levels in culture medium as well as the expression of apoptosis genes and p-AMPK in cells were determined.Results:p-AMPK expression in cells of H/R group was significantly lower than that of C group,SP group was significantly higher than that of H/R group;cell proliferation activity value and Bcl-2 expression in cells of H/R group were significantly lower than those of C group,SP group were significantly higher than those of H/R group,Com C group were significantly lower than those of SP group;apoptosis rate,LDH,CK and AST levels as well as the Bax and Caspase-3 expression in cells of H/R group were significantly higher than those of C group,SP group were significantly lower than those of H/R group,ComC group were significantly higher than those of SP group.Conclusions:Sevoflurane pretreatment can activate AMPK signaling pathway to inhibit the myocardial apoptosis caused by hypoxia reoxygenation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2031206,U1831206,11975292,11875304)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.GJJSTD20210009)+1 种基金the CAS“Light of West China”Programthe CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent Program。
文摘China plans to develop the next generation dark matter particle explorer satellite,referred to as the Very Large Area Space Telescope(VLAST).As an essential step in this process,the prototype design of detectors and electronics for the VLAST is currently underway.The nuclide detector is a core detector in the VLAST.It mainly measures nuclides’charges and distinguishes high-energy gamma rays and electrons.This paper will discuss the prototype readout electronics for the VLAST’s nuclide detector,which accurately measures the charge signal of the photomultiplier tubes using the VATA160 applicationspecific integrated circuit chip;furthermore,we consider a series of critical problems,including radiation-hardening and environment monitoring.The test results show that the system exhibits stable operation,good performance,and good technical indicators.Furthermore,each electronic channel achieves a dynamic range of 0-12.5 pC,the random noise level exceeds 1.6 fC,and the integral nonlinearity exceeds 0.35%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11179003,10975164,10805062,and 11005134)
文摘We predict proton single event effect(SEE)error rates for the VATA160 ASIC chip on the Dark Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE) to evaluate its radiation tolerance.Lacking proton test facilities,we built a Monte Carlo simulation tool named PRESTAGE to calculate the proton SEE cross-sections.PRESTAGE is based on the particle transport toolkit Geant4.It adopts a location-dependent strategy to derive the SEE sensitivity of the device from heavy-ion test data,which have been measured at the HI-13 tandem accelerator of the China Institute of Atomic Energy and the heavy-ion research facility in Lanzhou.The AP-8,SOLPRO,and August 1972 worst-case models are used to predict the average and peak proton fluxes on the DAMPE orbit.Calculation results show that the averaged proton SEE error rate for the VATA160 chip is approximately 2.17×10^(-5)/device/day.Worst-case error rates for the Van Allen belts and solar energetic particle events are 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than the averaged error rate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11927901, U2032209, 12005046)
文摘A prototype beam monitor was designed to provide tracking information for heavy-ion projectiles for the cool storage ring(CSR)external target experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL).High granularity and direct charge sensing are the main features of this device.It measures the beam position in a two-dimensional(2D)plane transverse to the beam direction on an event-by-event basis.The current design consists of two field cages inside a single vessel that operates independently and has electrical drift fields in orthogonal directions.Preliminary tests of the prototype were performed using a^(241)Am a source.The results show that a spatial resolution of less than 40μm and a time resolution of less than 600 ns can be achieved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11475233,11705257,and 11775285)
文摘A new wide-range fast readout system capable of adaptive identification is designed for wire scanners,which are used to measure beam profiles and emittance.This system is capable of handling varying current signals with Gaussian distributions and current pulses up to 1000 counts/s, as well as an input current range of 1 n A–1 m A. When tested, the resolution was found to exceed 3.68% for full scale, the nonlinearity was found to be less than 0.11%, and the measurement sensibility was found to be less than 5 p A. We believe that the system will play a crucial role in improving the measurement accuracy of beam diagnosis and the efficiency of accelerator operation,as well as decreasing the time required for beam tuning.This system was applied to the beam diagnosis of an injector II prototype for an accelerator-driven subcritical system and produced excellent measurement results. A description of the adaptive fast readout system for wire scanners is presented in this paper.
基金the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China(2002CB111504)the Project of Turning Cropland to Forest of State Forestry Administration and the Distinguished Young Scientist Fund of the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (2002002002).
文摘Both the photosynthetic light curves and CO2 curves of Juglans regia L. and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa in three seasons were measured using a LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The maximal net photosynthetic rate (Amax), apparent quantum efficiency(φ), maximal carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and water use efficiency (WUE) of the two species were calculated based on the curves. The results showed that Amax of J. regia reached its maximum at the late-season, while the highest values of Amax of Z. jujuba occurred at the mid-season. The Amax of J. regia was more affected by relative humidity (RH) of the atmosphere, while that of Z. jujuba was more affected by the air temperature. Light saturation point (LSP) and Light compensation point (LCP) of J. regia had a higher correlation with RH of the atmosphere, those of Z. jujuba, however, had a higher correlation with air temperature. Vcmax of both J. regia and Z. jujuba had negative correlation with RH of the atmosphere. WUE of J. regia would decrease with the rise of the air temperature while that of Z. jujuba increased. Thus it could be seen that RH, temperature and soil moisture had main effect on photosynthesis and WUE of J. regia and Z. jujuba. Incorporating data on the physiological differences among tree species into forest carbon models will greatly improve our ability to predict alterations to the forest carbon budgets under various environmental scenarios such as global climate change, or with differing species composition.
基金financially supported by STCSM (No. 16XD 1401000)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University
文摘Tetraphenylethylene(TPE) and its derivatives, as the widely used aggregation-induced emission(AIE) fluorophores, have attracted rapidly growing interest in the fields of material science and biological technology due to their unique light-emitting mechanism—they are nearly non-emissive in dilute solution but emit brilliant fluorescence in the aggregate state because of the restriction of intramolecular motion. Coordination-driven self-assembly, which provides a highly effective method to put the individual chromophores together, is consistent with the AIE mechanism of TPE. During the past few years, some AIE-active metal-organic coordination complexes have been successfully constructed via coordination-driven self-assembly, and their AIE properties and applications have been investigated. In this review, we survey the recent progress on TPE-based metal-organic coordination complexes and their applications in fluorescence sensors, cell imaging, and light-emitting materials. We will introduce them from three different types of structures: metallacycles, metallacages, and metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21302058)the financial support of the Key Basic Research Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (No. 13JC1402200)
文摘We designed and constructed a new family of 608 dendritic dipyridyl donors, from which two novel triangular metallodendrimers were successfully prepared via coordination-driven self-assembly.Inspired by the existence of multiple intermolecular interactions(e.g., p–p stacking and CH–p interactions) imposed by the DMIP-functionalized poly(benzyl ether) dendrons, their hierarchical selfassembly behaviors were studied in various mixed solvents by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Interestingly, it was found that the morphologies of the obtained metallodendrimers were highly depended on the dendron generation. For example, the first-generation metallodendrimer was able to hierarchically self-assemble into the spherical nanostructures in various mixed solvents. However, the nanofibers were observed for the second-generation metallodendrimer under the similar conditions.Furthermore, the driven force for the formation of such ordered nanostructures was investigated by using1 H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the support from the National Science Foundation(CHE-1506722)National Institutes of Health(R01GM128037).
文摘Background and Originality Content Porphyrins are a vibrant class of organic dyes found widely in nature,ranging from the well-studied chlorophyll and heme found in the cells of plants and red blooded animals to the less known chlorocruoroporphyrin found in annelids.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22071061 and 52003081)Shanghai Sailing Pro-gram (No. 19YF1412900)Microscale Magnetic Resonance Platform of ECNU。
文摘Triphenylamine(TPA) derivatives have been widely used as useful building blocks for diverse functional materials because of their excellent redox activity. Most of the molecular structures of TPA-based organic functional materials contain 4-anisyl groups, which on one hand could reduce their oxidation potential and on the other hand significantly delocalize the spin density of the resultant TPA radical cation species and enhance their stability. However, molecular-level investigation of the redox behavior of triphenylamines consisting of 4-anisyl group and the electronic structures of their radical cation species has not been reported in the literature. Herein, we design a series of triphenylamines consisting of one, two, or three 3,5-di–tert–butyl–4-anisyl groups and investigate their redox behaviors and corresponding radical cation species. We disclose that the resonance hybrid and steric protection could both contribute to the stability of triphenylamine radical cations. Moreover, further oxidation leads to an unexpected oxidative demethylation. The findings in this work may reveal new insights for the understanding of the unique redox properties of 4-anisyl substituted triphenylamines.
