The Dunde iron-zinc polymetallic deposit is one of large iron deposits occurred in the Awulale Metallogenetic Belt,Western Tianshan(NW-China).This study reports new geochronology and geochemistry for granite in the Du...The Dunde iron-zinc polymetallic deposit is one of large iron deposits occurred in the Awulale Metallogenetic Belt,Western Tianshan(NW-China).This study reports new geochronology and geochemistry for granite in the Dunde mining area in order to constrain the tectonicmagmatic activities and metallogenesis of this region.Granites in the southwest of Dunde mining area are mainly syenogranites intruded into volcanics of the Dahalajunshan Formation in the Early Carboniferous,and they are far from the area where ore bodies and mineralized altered rocks are widely developed.LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon dating indicates that Dunde syenogranite was at 306.8±1.0 Ma,which could constrain the upper limit of metallogenic age for this deposit.The Dunde granites are high SiO_(2)(73.41–80.07 wt%),high differentiation index(D.I.=89.7–95.0),weakly peraluminous to metaluminous(A/CNK=0.94–1.08),and they are enriched in LILE and LREE and depleted in Eu,Ba,Sr and P_(2)O_(5),indicating that they belong to highly fractionated Ⅰ-type granite.Based on εHf values(+9.2 to+10.5)for zircon and high εNd(-t)values(+4.7 to+5.8)for whole-rock,and the two-stage model ages for 601–735 Ma,suggest that the magma source could be the juvenile lower crust.Combined with regional geological setting,the 306.8 Ma Dunde granites are formed in post-collision extensional tectonic setting.展开更多
Biophysical restrictions regulate protein diffusion,nucleus deformation,and cell migration,which are all universal and important processes for cells to perform their biological functions.However,current technologies a...Biophysical restrictions regulate protein diffusion,nucleus deformation,and cell migration,which are all universal and important processes for cells to perform their biological functions.However,current technologies addressing these multiscale questions are extremely limited.Herein,through two-photon polymerization(TPP),we present the precise,low-cost,and multiscale microstructures(micro-fences)as a versatile investigating platform.With nanometer-scale printing resolution and multiscale scanning capacity,TPP is capable of generating micro-fences with sizes of 0.5-1000μm.These micro-fences are utilized as biophysical restrictions to determine the fluidity of supported lipid bilayers(SLB),to investigate the restricted diffusion of Src family kinase protein Lck on SLB,and also to reveal the mechanical bending of cell nucleus and T cell climbing ability.Taken together,the proposed versatile and low-cost micro-fences have great potential in probing the restricted dynamics of molecules,organelles,and cells to understand the basics of physical biology.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)direct laser writing(DLW)based on two-photon polymerisation(TPP)is an advanced technology for fabricating precise 3D hydrogel micro-and nanostructures for applications in biomedical engineering.Pa...Three-dimensional(3D)direct laser writing(DLW)based on two-photon polymerisation(TPP)is an advanced technology for fabricating precise 3D hydrogel micro-and nanostructures for applications in biomedical engineering.Particularly,the use of visible lasers for the 3D DLW of hydrogels is advantageous because it enables high fabrication resolution and promotes wound healing.Polyethylene glycol diacrylate(PEGda)has been widely used in TPP fabrication owing to its high biocompatibility.However,the high laser power required in the 3D DLW of PEGda microstructures using a visible laser in a high-water-content environment limits its applications to only those below the biological laser power safety level.In this study,a formula for a TPP hydrogel based on 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(HMPP)and PEGda was developed for the fabrication of 3D DLW microstructures at a low threshold power(0.1 nJ per laser pulse at a writing speed of 10μm·s^(−1))in a high-water-content environment(up to 79%)using a green laser beam(535 nm).This formula enables the fabrication of microstructures with micrometre fabrication resolution and high mechanical strength(megapascal level)and is suitable for the fabrication of waterresponsive,shape-changing microstructures.These results will promote the utilisation of low-power 3D DLW for fabricating hydrogel microstructures using visible lasers in high-water-content environments.展开更多
Dear Editor,In China,HIV-1 CRF01_AE has always been one of the most prevalent subtypes,especially among sexually active population,since it was initially reported in Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces during the early 1990s...Dear Editor,In China,HIV-1 CRF01_AE has always been one of the most prevalent subtypes,especially among sexually active population,since it was initially reported in Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces during the early 1990s(Cheng et al.1994;Yu et al.1998;Chen et al.1999).Multiple independent introductions of CRF01_AE have led to the establishment of at least eight epidemic lineages in China,which have been circulating among different high-risk populations and have variable prevalence and geographic distribution(Li et al.2017).展开更多
基金supported by Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,Chang’an University(Grant No.:300102279210)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.:2019JQ-690)the geological and mineral survey evaluation project of China Geological Survey(Grant No.:DD20190065).
文摘The Dunde iron-zinc polymetallic deposit is one of large iron deposits occurred in the Awulale Metallogenetic Belt,Western Tianshan(NW-China).This study reports new geochronology and geochemistry for granite in the Dunde mining area in order to constrain the tectonicmagmatic activities and metallogenesis of this region.Granites in the southwest of Dunde mining area are mainly syenogranites intruded into volcanics of the Dahalajunshan Formation in the Early Carboniferous,and they are far from the area where ore bodies and mineralized altered rocks are widely developed.LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon dating indicates that Dunde syenogranite was at 306.8±1.0 Ma,which could constrain the upper limit of metallogenic age for this deposit.The Dunde granites are high SiO_(2)(73.41–80.07 wt%),high differentiation index(D.I.=89.7–95.0),weakly peraluminous to metaluminous(A/CNK=0.94–1.08),and they are enriched in LILE and LREE and depleted in Eu,Ba,Sr and P_(2)O_(5),indicating that they belong to highly fractionated Ⅰ-type granite.Based on εHf values(+9.2 to+10.5)for zircon and high εNd(-t)values(+4.7 to+5.8)for whole-rock,and the two-stage model ages for 601–735 Ma,suggest that the magma source could be the juvenile lower crust.Combined with regional geological setting,the 306.8 Ma Dunde granites are formed in post-collision extensional tectonic setting.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2015CB910800 and 2017ZX10203205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31522021,31971237,and 61671308)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0700500)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M690617).
文摘Biophysical restrictions regulate protein diffusion,nucleus deformation,and cell migration,which are all universal and important processes for cells to perform their biological functions.However,current technologies addressing these multiscale questions are extremely limited.Herein,through two-photon polymerization(TPP),we present the precise,low-cost,and multiscale microstructures(micro-fences)as a versatile investigating platform.With nanometer-scale printing resolution and multiscale scanning capacity,TPP is capable of generating micro-fences with sizes of 0.5-1000μm.These micro-fences are utilized as biophysical restrictions to determine the fluidity of supported lipid bilayers(SLB),to investigate the restricted diffusion of Src family kinase protein Lck on SLB,and also to reveal the mechanical bending of cell nucleus and T cell climbing ability.Taken together,the proposed versatile and low-cost micro-fences have great potential in probing the restricted dynamics of molecules,organelles,and cells to understand the basics of physical biology.
基金support from the Zhangjiang National Innovation Demonstration Zone(ZJ2019-ZD-005)support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20180061 and 2018M642145).
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)direct laser writing(DLW)based on two-photon polymerisation(TPP)is an advanced technology for fabricating precise 3D hydrogel micro-and nanostructures for applications in biomedical engineering.Particularly,the use of visible lasers for the 3D DLW of hydrogels is advantageous because it enables high fabrication resolution and promotes wound healing.Polyethylene glycol diacrylate(PEGda)has been widely used in TPP fabrication owing to its high biocompatibility.However,the high laser power required in the 3D DLW of PEGda microstructures using a visible laser in a high-water-content environment limits its applications to only those below the biological laser power safety level.In this study,a formula for a TPP hydrogel based on 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone(HMPP)and PEGda was developed for the fabrication of 3D DLW microstructures at a low threshold power(0.1 nJ per laser pulse at a writing speed of 10μm·s^(−1))in a high-water-content environment(up to 79%)using a green laser beam(535 nm).This formula enables the fabrication of microstructures with micrometre fabrication resolution and high mechanical strength(megapascal level)and is suitable for the fabrication of waterresponsive,shape-changing microstructures.These results will promote the utilisation of low-power 3D DLW for fabricating hydrogel microstructures using visible lasers in high-water-content environments.
基金This work was funded by the Mega-projects of National Science Research for the 13th Five-Year Plan(2018ZX10721102-006-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871637)+1 种基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-027)Scientific Research Funding Project of Liaoning Province Education Department(QN2019005)。
文摘Dear Editor,In China,HIV-1 CRF01_AE has always been one of the most prevalent subtypes,especially among sexually active population,since it was initially reported in Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces during the early 1990s(Cheng et al.1994;Yu et al.1998;Chen et al.1999).Multiple independent introductions of CRF01_AE have led to the establishment of at least eight epidemic lineages in China,which have been circulating among different high-risk populations and have variable prevalence and geographic distribution(Li et al.2017).
