Acupuncture is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke(IS)and plays a key role in neurological rehabilitation after IS.Acupuncture can improve the clinical symptoms of various complications after IS,including motor...Acupuncture is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke(IS)and plays a key role in neurological rehabilitation after IS.Acupuncture can improve the clinical symptoms of various complications after IS,including motor dysfunction,swallowing disorders,speech disorders,cognitive impairment,depression,insomnia,and fatigue.However,the mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture in IS remain unclear.Available evidence suggests that acupuncture may exert neuroprotective effects through neuroplasticity(neurogenesis and synaptogenesis),angiogenesis,cell proliferation and apoptosis,and regulation of oxidative stress,inflammation,and immunity.Further studies should be conducted to improve the high-quality evidence-based system of acupuncture intervention for IS,by focusing on the clinical and basic research design,increasing the sample size,standardizing and quantifying the standards of acupuncture operations,using multidisciplinary techniques and methods to systematically explore the key targets of acupuncture intervention for IS,and reveal the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of IS.展开更多
Acupuncture therapy is widely used in the clinic,and its therapeutic effects have been proven by numerous studies.The dose–effect relationship of acupuncture is a fundamental aspect of the acupuncture research system...Acupuncture therapy is widely used in the clinic,and its therapeutic effects have been proven by numerous studies.The dose–effect relationship of acupuncture is a fundamental aspect of the acupuncture research system.Recent studies found that different acupuncture dosages altered study results directly,indicating the importance of screening the optimal stimulation dosage.However,the system for studying the acupuncture dose–effect relationship is still in its infancy,and the methodology of the system needs to be improved.This review aimed to define the factors impacting acupuncture“dosage”and“effect,”and to improve the methodological system for research on the dose–effect relationship of acupuncture.By summarizing the current findings of acupuncture dose–effect studies,we discussed the vital acupuncture parameters and methodological problems that influence the relationship between acupuncture dosage and its effects.These factors consist of specific influencing factors(acupoint selection,acupuncture manipulation parameters,de qi response)and nonspecific influencing factors(comparison selection,blinding procedure,patient expectancy).Our perspectives offer suggestions for the design of acupuncture dosage–effect trials.Further studies need to be conducted to establish the methodological system and provide systematic evidence of the acupuncture dose–effect relationship.展开更多
Synthetic biology(SynBio)is a high-profile interdiscipline combining engineering with science.As a dual-purpose discipline,SynBio is bringing large changes to many fields and providing great benefits to humans.However...Synthetic biology(SynBio)is a high-profile interdiscipline combining engineering with science.As a dual-purpose discipline,SynBio is bringing large changes to many fields and providing great benefits to humans.However,due to its characteristic of complexity and uncertainty,SynBio also presents potential biosafety and biosecurity risks.Biosecurity risks refer to unauthorized access,loss,theft,misuse,diversion or intentional release.If a biosecurity accident happens,it would pose a huge threat to humans and nature.Therefore,it is crucial to establish a set of regulations and management practices for the biosecurity risks of SynBio.In this paper,we summarized the sources of the biosecurity risks of SynBio,from its research materials,products,technologies,information to Do-it-yourself synthetic biology.We reviewed and analyzed the current situation of regulation and management of biosecurity for SynBio in the international community and in China.We found that in most countries and regions,SynBio risks commonly follow the regulation and management of Genetically Modified Organisms which has loopholes if applied to the regulation for SynBio without any amendments.Here,we proposed suggestions for the Chinese-featured regulation and management of biosecurity for SynBio,including a top-to-bottom governing framework,a think-tank implementation mechanism,a Synthetic Biology Laboratory Biosecurity Manual safeguarding system,and strengthening biosecurity education on synthetic biology and self-regulation awareness among relevant personnel.Through this work,we aim to improve the standardized process of biosecurity regulation and management for SynBio in China and thereby map out a peaceful,profitable,and practical development path for synthetic biology.展开更多
Substantial progress in the use of chemo-photodynamic nano-drug delivery systems(nanoDDS) for the treatment of the malignant breast cancer has been achieved. The inability to customize precise nanostructures, however,...Substantial progress in the use of chemo-photodynamic nano-drug delivery systems(nanoDDS) for the treatment of the malignant breast cancer has been achieved. The inability to customize precise nanostructures, however, has limited the therapeutic efficacy of the prepared nano-DDS to date. Here,we report a structurally defined tandem-responsive chemo-photosensitive co-nanoassembly to eliminate primary breast tumor and prevent lung metastasis. This both-in-one co-nanoassembly is prepared by assembling a biocompatible photosensitive derivative(pheophorbide-diphenylalanine peptide, PPADA) with a hypoxia-activated camptothecin(CPT) prodrug [(4-nitrophenyl) formate camptothecin, NCPT]. According to computational simulations, the co-assembly nanostructure is not the classical core-shell type, but consists of many small microphase regions. Upon exposure to a 660 nm laser,PPA-DA induce high levels of ROS production to effectively achieve the apoptosis of normoxic cancer cells. Subsequently, the hypoxia-activated N-CPT and CPT spatially penetrate deep into the hypoxic region of the tumor and suppress hypoxia-induced tumor metastasis. Benefiting from the rational design of the chemo-photodynamic both-in-one nano-DDS, these nanomedicines exhibit a promising potential in the inhibition of difficult-to-treat breast tumor metastasis in patients with breast cancer.展开更多
基金funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China,National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFC1706001)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(21JCQNJC01560)+5 种基金Tianjin Education Commission scientific research project(2022KJ170)Tianjin Municipal Education commissionTianjin Graduate Research Innovation Project(Service Industry Project)(2022BKYZ046)Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Graduate Research Innovation Project(Clinical Research Project YJSKC-20222002)the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Exploration and Innovation Project(YB202112).
文摘Acupuncture is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke(IS)and plays a key role in neurological rehabilitation after IS.Acupuncture can improve the clinical symptoms of various complications after IS,including motor dysfunction,swallowing disorders,speech disorders,cognitive impairment,depression,insomnia,and fatigue.However,the mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture in IS remain unclear.Available evidence suggests that acupuncture may exert neuroprotective effects through neuroplasticity(neurogenesis and synaptogenesis),angiogenesis,cell proliferation and apoptosis,and regulation of oxidative stress,inflammation,and immunity.Further studies should be conducted to improve the high-quality evidence-based system of acupuncture intervention for IS,by focusing on the clinical and basic research design,increasing the sample size,standardizing and quantifying the standards of acupuncture operations,using multidisciplinary techniques and methods to systematically explore the key targets of acupuncture intervention for IS,and reveal the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of IS.
基金funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of ChinaNational Key Research and Development Program(2010CB530506,2018YFC1706001,2019YFC0840709)+2 种基金Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology BureauTianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(18PTLCSY00060)the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Exploration and Innovation Project(YB202112)
文摘Acupuncture therapy is widely used in the clinic,and its therapeutic effects have been proven by numerous studies.The dose–effect relationship of acupuncture is a fundamental aspect of the acupuncture research system.Recent studies found that different acupuncture dosages altered study results directly,indicating the importance of screening the optimal stimulation dosage.However,the system for studying the acupuncture dose–effect relationship is still in its infancy,and the methodology of the system needs to be improved.This review aimed to define the factors impacting acupuncture“dosage”and“effect,”and to improve the methodological system for research on the dose–effect relationship of acupuncture.By summarizing the current findings of acupuncture dose–effect studies,we discussed the vital acupuncture parameters and methodological problems that influence the relationship between acupuncture dosage and its effects.These factors consist of specific influencing factors(acupoint selection,acupuncture manipulation parameters,de qi response)and nonspecific influencing factors(comparison selection,blinding procedure,patient expectancy).Our perspectives offer suggestions for the design of acupuncture dosage–effect trials.Further studies need to be conducted to establish the methodological system and provide systematic evidence of the acupuncture dose–effect relationship.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0902400)the National Social Science Foundation of China(18CZX020).
文摘Synthetic biology(SynBio)is a high-profile interdiscipline combining engineering with science.As a dual-purpose discipline,SynBio is bringing large changes to many fields and providing great benefits to humans.However,due to its characteristic of complexity and uncertainty,SynBio also presents potential biosafety and biosecurity risks.Biosecurity risks refer to unauthorized access,loss,theft,misuse,diversion or intentional release.If a biosecurity accident happens,it would pose a huge threat to humans and nature.Therefore,it is crucial to establish a set of regulations and management practices for the biosecurity risks of SynBio.In this paper,we summarized the sources of the biosecurity risks of SynBio,from its research materials,products,technologies,information to Do-it-yourself synthetic biology.We reviewed and analyzed the current situation of regulation and management of biosecurity for SynBio in the international community and in China.We found that in most countries and regions,SynBio risks commonly follow the regulation and management of Genetically Modified Organisms which has loopholes if applied to the regulation for SynBio without any amendments.Here,we proposed suggestions for the Chinese-featured regulation and management of biosecurity for SynBio,including a top-to-bottom governing framework,a think-tank implementation mechanism,a Synthetic Biology Laboratory Biosecurity Manual safeguarding system,and strengthening biosecurity education on synthetic biology and self-regulation awareness among relevant personnel.Through this work,we aim to improve the standardized process of biosecurity regulation and management for SynBio in China and thereby map out a peaceful,profitable,and practical development path for synthetic biology.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81773656 and U1608283Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program,No.XLYC1808017+2 种基金Key Projects of Technology Bureau in Shenyang,No.18400408Key projects of Liaoning Province Department of Education,No.2017LZD03China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M680986)。
文摘Substantial progress in the use of chemo-photodynamic nano-drug delivery systems(nanoDDS) for the treatment of the malignant breast cancer has been achieved. The inability to customize precise nanostructures, however, has limited the therapeutic efficacy of the prepared nano-DDS to date. Here,we report a structurally defined tandem-responsive chemo-photosensitive co-nanoassembly to eliminate primary breast tumor and prevent lung metastasis. This both-in-one co-nanoassembly is prepared by assembling a biocompatible photosensitive derivative(pheophorbide-diphenylalanine peptide, PPADA) with a hypoxia-activated camptothecin(CPT) prodrug [(4-nitrophenyl) formate camptothecin, NCPT]. According to computational simulations, the co-assembly nanostructure is not the classical core-shell type, but consists of many small microphase regions. Upon exposure to a 660 nm laser,PPA-DA induce high levels of ROS production to effectively achieve the apoptosis of normoxic cancer cells. Subsequently, the hypoxia-activated N-CPT and CPT spatially penetrate deep into the hypoxic region of the tumor and suppress hypoxia-induced tumor metastasis. Benefiting from the rational design of the chemo-photodynamic both-in-one nano-DDS, these nanomedicines exhibit a promising potential in the inhibition of difficult-to-treat breast tumor metastasis in patients with breast cancer.
