Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects ...Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.展开更多
The microbial communities colonized on microplastics(MPs)have attracted widespread attention.However,few studies focused on the MPs impacts on mangrove ecosystems,particularly on bacterial communities.We investigated ...The microbial communities colonized on microplastics(MPs)have attracted widespread attention.However,few studies focused on the MPs impacts on mangrove ecosystems,particularly on bacterial communities.We investigated the MPs pollution in mangrove of Zhujiang(Pearl)River estuary(ZRE).To study the potential risk posed by MPs to the mangrove ecosystems,the differences in bacterial communities,functions,and complexity between MPs and sediment samples were reported for the first time.Microplastics(2991±1586 items/kg dry weight(dw))in sediment were mainly fibers and polyethylene,mostly transparent,and in size less than 0.5 mm.Bacterial communities and functions significantly differed from MPs in mangrove sediment.Compared with sediment,MPs significantly enriched members of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Actinobacteria,as well as the bacteria associated with plastic-degrading and human diseases on their surface,suggesting that microbial communities on MPs may promote MPs degradation and the spread of diseases,posing potential risk to mangrove ecosystems and human health.Although bacteria on MPs exhibited a lower diversity,the co-occurrence network analysis indicated that network of bacteria colonized on MPs was bigger and more complex than those of mangrove sediment,illustrating that MPs can act as a distinct habitat in this special ecosystem.This study provides a new perspective for increasing our understanding of microplastic pollution in mangrove ecosystems.展开更多
Camellia oil extracted from the seeds of Camellia oleifera Abel.is a popular and high-quality edible oil,but its yield is limited by seed setting,which is mainly caused by self-incompatibility(SI).One of the obvious b...Camellia oil extracted from the seeds of Camellia oleifera Abel.is a popular and high-quality edible oil,but its yield is limited by seed setting,which is mainly caused by self-incompatibility(SI).One of the obvious biological features of SI plants is the inhibition of self-pollen tubes;however,the underlying mechanism of this inhibition in C.oleifera is poorly understood.In this study,we constructed a semi-in vivo pollen tube growth test(SIV-PGT)system that can screen for substances that inhibit self-pollen tubes without interference from the genetic background.Combined with multi-omics analysis,the results revealed the important role of galloylated catechins in self-pollen tube inhibition,and a possible molecular regulatory network mediated by UDP-glycosyltransferase(UGT)and serine carboxypeptidase-like(SCPL)was proposed.In summary,galloylation of catechins and high levels of galloylated catechins are specifically involved in pollen tube inhibition under self-pollination rather than cross-pollination,which provides a new understanding of SI in C.oleifera.These results will contribute to sexual reproduction research on C.oleifera and provide theoretical support for improving Camellia oil yield in production.展开更多
Food allergy has become a significant public health problem affecting a large number of people worldwide.Maternal obesity causes inflammation and alters the immune system of offspring,which may exacerbate their food a...Food allergy has become a significant public health problem affecting a large number of people worldwide.Maternal obesity causes inflammation and alters the immune system of offspring,which may exacerbate their food allergy.The aim of this study was to determine whether offspring mice born to obese mothers would have more serve reactions to cow's milk protein-induced food allergy,and further investigate the underlying mechanisms.Female offspring BALB/c mice of mothers with normal and high-fat diets were sensitized withβ-lactoglobulin(BLG),respectively.Maternal obesity increased the serum immunoglobulin E and mouse mast cell protease levels,though did not have significant influence on anaphylactic symptom score,core temperature and diarrhea rate of offspring mice after BLG sensitization.Furthermore,maternal obesity led to a lower level of occludin mRNA expression in BLG-sensitized mice.The mice born to obese mothers exhibited increased mRNA expression levels of GATA-3,interleukin(IL)-4 and IL-10 in jejunum after BLG sensitization,indicating maternal obesity intensified Th2-type biased immune responses.In conclusion,maternal obesity exerted exacerbating effects on the responsiveness of their offspring to cow's milk protein sensitization.展开更多
Metal-free photocatalysts have attracted growing concern recently.Herein,the composites combining g-C_(3)N_(4)with wood pulp cellulose biochar(WPBC/g-C_(3)N_(4))were synthesized to effectively activate peroxymonosulfa...Metal-free photocatalysts have attracted growing concern recently.Herein,the composites combining g-C_(3)N_(4)with wood pulp cellulose biochar(WPBC/g-C_(3)N_(4))were synthesized to effectively activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)under visible light for the degradation of diclofenac(DCF).The incorporation of WPBC endowed g-C_(3)N_(4)with enhanced visible light absorption,improved charge separation capability,reduced electrical conductivity,and increased photocatalytic and PMS activation capability.Based on quenching tests,electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),electrochemical analysis and solvent exchange experiments,both radical and nonradical mechanisms were proposed.Radical species including·OH,h^(+),·O_(2)^(-)were identified to contribute to DCF degradation.The 1O2 and electron transfer were the dominant nonradical pathways for DCF degradation.Moreover,the common influencing factors were examined,and DCF concentration was the most influential factor based on principal component analysis.Generally,the composites exhibited good reusability during consecutive runs.Based on HPLC/MS analysis,four intermediates were detected and the possible DCF degradation pathway was proposed.This work provided a potential strategy based on metal-free WPBC/g-C_(3)N_(4)for the photocatalytic activation of PMS to effectively degrade emerging contaminants in wastewater.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1605000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31871806)the Beijing Livestock Industry Innovation Team(BAIC05-2023)。
文摘Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42177253,41807476,41706186)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2022A1515010197)。
文摘The microbial communities colonized on microplastics(MPs)have attracted widespread attention.However,few studies focused on the MPs impacts on mangrove ecosystems,particularly on bacterial communities.We investigated the MPs pollution in mangrove of Zhujiang(Pearl)River estuary(ZRE).To study the potential risk posed by MPs to the mangrove ecosystems,the differences in bacterial communities,functions,and complexity between MPs and sediment samples were reported for the first time.Microplastics(2991±1586 items/kg dry weight(dw))in sediment were mainly fibers and polyethylene,mostly transparent,and in size less than 0.5 mm.Bacterial communities and functions significantly differed from MPs in mangrove sediment.Compared with sediment,MPs significantly enriched members of Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Actinobacteria,as well as the bacteria associated with plastic-degrading and human diseases on their surface,suggesting that microbial communities on MPs may promote MPs degradation and the spread of diseases,posing potential risk to mangrove ecosystems and human health.Although bacteria on MPs exhibited a lower diversity,the co-occurrence network analysis indicated that network of bacteria colonized on MPs was bigger and more complex than those of mangrove sediment,illustrating that MPs can act as a distinct habitat in this special ecosystem.This study provides a new perspective for increasing our understanding of microplastic pollution in mangrove ecosystems.
基金Our work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1000603-1)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2020JJ5968)+2 种基金Scientific Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Central South University of Forestry and Technology(2018YJ002)Special Funds for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan(2021NK1007)the Key Program of Education Department of Hunan Province(grant no.20A524).
文摘Camellia oil extracted from the seeds of Camellia oleifera Abel.is a popular and high-quality edible oil,but its yield is limited by seed setting,which is mainly caused by self-incompatibility(SI).One of the obvious biological features of SI plants is the inhibition of self-pollen tubes;however,the underlying mechanism of this inhibition in C.oleifera is poorly understood.In this study,we constructed a semi-in vivo pollen tube growth test(SIV-PGT)system that can screen for substances that inhibit self-pollen tubes without interference from the genetic background.Combined with multi-omics analysis,the results revealed the important role of galloylated catechins in self-pollen tube inhibition,and a possible molecular regulatory network mediated by UDP-glycosyltransferase(UGT)and serine carboxypeptidase-like(SCPL)was proposed.In summary,galloylation of catechins and high levels of galloylated catechins are specifically involved in pollen tube inhibition under self-pollination rather than cross-pollination,which provides a new understanding of SI in C.oleifera.These results will contribute to sexual reproduction research on C.oleifera and provide theoretical support for improving Camellia oil yield in production.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1605000)the Beijing Dairy Industry Innovation Team(BAIC06-2021)。
文摘Food allergy has become a significant public health problem affecting a large number of people worldwide.Maternal obesity causes inflammation and alters the immune system of offspring,which may exacerbate their food allergy.The aim of this study was to determine whether offspring mice born to obese mothers would have more serve reactions to cow's milk protein-induced food allergy,and further investigate the underlying mechanisms.Female offspring BALB/c mice of mothers with normal and high-fat diets were sensitized withβ-lactoglobulin(BLG),respectively.Maternal obesity increased the serum immunoglobulin E and mouse mast cell protease levels,though did not have significant influence on anaphylactic symptom score,core temperature and diarrhea rate of offspring mice after BLG sensitization.Furthermore,maternal obesity led to a lower level of occludin mRNA expression in BLG-sensitized mice.The mice born to obese mothers exhibited increased mRNA expression levels of GATA-3,interleukin(IL)-4 and IL-10 in jejunum after BLG sensitization,indicating maternal obesity intensified Th2-type biased immune responses.In conclusion,maternal obesity exerted exacerbating effects on the responsiveness of their offspring to cow's milk protein sensitization.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20160936,BK20160938)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51708297)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)~~
文摘近几年过一硫酸盐(PMS)活化技术备受关注,其中利用太阳能活化PMS具有可持续和环保的优势,但PMS本身不吸收可见光.因此,本文提出利用具有可见光响应的石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)激发产生光电子进而活化PMS.首先利用三聚氰胺前驱体通过热缩聚法制备g-C3N4,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见光漫反射(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱(PL)、透射电镜(TEM)、N2吸附脱附测试(BET)、电化学等一系列方法对g-C3N4进行表征,研究其表面性质及光学性能.结果显示, g-C3N4具有典型的片层结构和可见光活性,禁带宽度为2.7 e V.本文选取光惰性的内分泌干扰物邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)为目标污染物,系统地研究了其降解动力学和降解机理.研究发现,在短波紫外光(254和300nm)照射下,直接光解和·OH参与的反应机理能实现DMP的光降解,而在可见光照射下g-C3N4介导的光催化过程不能使DMP分解;但当添加PMS时,体系主导自由基由·O2–转化为SO4·–和·OH,从而实现DMP的有效降解和矿化.研究还发现,高浓度的PMS和高剂量的g-C3N4均可以提高PMS的活化量和相应的DMP降解效率,但提高催化剂剂量的方式能更充分的利用PMS.尽管高浓度的DMP阻碍了PMS和光催化剂g-C3N4的有效接触,但可以提高PMS的利用率.当p H低于零电荷点(5.4)时, DMP的降解效率较高.此外,使用两种淬灭剂(乙醇和叔丁醇)与DMP进行竞争性实验,结合电子自旋共振检测,表明SO4·–和·OH都是体系主要的自由基.此外,还对g-C3N4的可持续性能进行考察,四次循环实验结果显示,该催化剂具有良好的可重复利用性.对DMP降解进行总有机碳测定,发现降低了19%.最后,利用液相色谱质谱联用对DMP降解产物进行定性定量分析,发现DMP主要通过SO4·–和·OH对苯环的攻击以及脂肪族链的氧化断键这两种途径进行降解.综上可见,利用可见光激发g-C3N4产生的光电子能有效活化PMS降解顽固型有机污染物,可为实现太阳能活化PMS技术提供有力的技术参考.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019 M661856)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.2020)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20201385)National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2017YFC0505803)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.41977354).
文摘Metal-free photocatalysts have attracted growing concern recently.Herein,the composites combining g-C_(3)N_(4)with wood pulp cellulose biochar(WPBC/g-C_(3)N_(4))were synthesized to effectively activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)under visible light for the degradation of diclofenac(DCF).The incorporation of WPBC endowed g-C_(3)N_(4)with enhanced visible light absorption,improved charge separation capability,reduced electrical conductivity,and increased photocatalytic and PMS activation capability.Based on quenching tests,electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),electrochemical analysis and solvent exchange experiments,both radical and nonradical mechanisms were proposed.Radical species including·OH,h^(+),·O_(2)^(-)were identified to contribute to DCF degradation.The 1O2 and electron transfer were the dominant nonradical pathways for DCF degradation.Moreover,the common influencing factors were examined,and DCF concentration was the most influential factor based on principal component analysis.Generally,the composites exhibited good reusability during consecutive runs.Based on HPLC/MS analysis,four intermediates were detected and the possible DCF degradation pathway was proposed.This work provided a potential strategy based on metal-free WPBC/g-C_(3)N_(4)for the photocatalytic activation of PMS to effectively degrade emerging contaminants in wastewater.
