AIM:To provide the direct evidence for the crucial role of trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)in vascular permeability and endothelial cell dysfunction under diabetic condition.METHODS:The role of TMAO on the in vitro biolog...AIM:To provide the direct evidence for the crucial role of trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)in vascular permeability and endothelial cell dysfunction under diabetic condition.METHODS:The role of TMAO on the in vitro biological effect of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMEC)under high glucose conditions was tested by a cell counting kit,wound healing,a transwell and a tube formation assay.The inflammation-related gene expression affected by TMAO was tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expression of the cell junction was measured by Western blotting(WB)and immunofluorescence staining.In addition,two groups of rat models,diabetic and non-diabetic,were fed with normal or 0.1%TMAO for 16wk,and their plasma levels of TMAO,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere tested.The vascular permeability of rat retinas was measured using FITC-Dextran,and the expression of zonula occludens(ZO)-1 and claudin-5 in rat retinas was detected by WB or immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:TMAO administration significantly increased the cell proliferation,migration,and tube formation of primary HRMEC either in normal or high-glucose conditions.RT-PCR showed elevated inflammation-related gene expression of HRMEC under TMAO stimulation,while WB or immunofluorescence staining indicated decreased cell junction ZO-1 and occludin expression after high-glucose and TMAO treatment.Diabetic rats showed higher plasma levels of TMAO as well as retinal vascular leakage,which were even higher in TMAO-feeding diabetic rats.Furthermore,TMAO administration increased the rat plasma levels of VEGF,IL-6 and TNF-αwhile decreasing the retinal expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin-5.CONCLUSION:TMAO enhances the proliferation,migration,and tube formation of HRMEC,as well as destroys their vascular integrity and tight connection.It also regulates the expression of VEGF,IL-6,and TNF-α.展开更多
Dear Editor,We write to introduce a case of high myopia who had bilateral macular schisis along with cataracts.During the following-up period from 2014 to 2021,the severity of macular schisis gradually worsened.Howeve...Dear Editor,We write to introduce a case of high myopia who had bilateral macular schisis along with cataracts.During the following-up period from 2014 to 2021,the severity of macular schisis gradually worsened.However,following cataract surgery,there was a gradual improvement in the macular schisis,ultimately leading to near-complete resolution.We obtained the written informed consent from the patient,and this case study adhered to the principles in the Declaration of Helsinki.展开更多
The sedimentation rate is an important environmental parameter to understand the evolution of coastal geomorphology. The tidal flat around Qidong foreland is located in the junction between Yangtze Estuary and Jiangsu...The sedimentation rate is an important environmental parameter to understand the evolution of coastal geomorphology. The tidal flat around Qidong foreland is located in the junction between Yangtze Estuary and Jiangsu coast,where the land-ocean interactions are strong and highly sensitive to environmental changes. The QDZ-1 core sediments collected at Qidong foreland was analyzed for137 Cs dating and grain size.The results showed that silt is the main sedimentary type with a trend of gradually fining from the bottom to the top,conforming to the sedimentation characteristic of the silt muddy tidal flat. The sedimentation rate could be divided into three distinct stages: 1963 to 1986 was 2. 61 cm/yr,1963 to 2011 was 1. 82 cm/yr,and 1986 to 2011 was 1. 10 cm/yr. Based on these,further explanation was made for the significance of environmental changes. According to the estimation of sedimentation rate,the impact of extreme environmental change was reflected by the sudden increase in sand proportion at the depth of 172. 5 cm. Since the introduction of Spartina alterniflora in the 1970 s,it has played an important role in tidal flat development. The tidal flat has a high sedimentary rate during this time. With continuous accretion of the tidal flat,low tidal flat turns to high tidal flat,the sedimentation rate gradually declines,and tidal flat sedimentation appears.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)is a genetically heterogeneous cardiac disorder characterized by left ventricular dilation and contractile dysfunction.The substantial genetic heterogeneity evident in patients wi...BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)is a genetically heterogeneous cardiac disorder characterized by left ventricular dilation and contractile dysfunction.The substantial genetic heterogeneity evident in patients with DCM contributes to variable disease severity and complicates overall prognosis,which can be very poor.AIM To identify pathogenic genes in DCM through pedigree analysis.METHODS Our research team identified a patient with DCM in the clinic.Through invest-igation,we found that the family of this patient has a typical DCM pedigree.High-throughput sequencing technology,next-generation sequencing,was used to sequence the whole exomes of seven samples in the pedigree.RESULTS A novel and potentially pathogenic gene mutation-ANK2p.F3067L-was discovered.The mutation was completely consistent with the clinical information for this DCM pedigree.Sanger sequencing was used to further verify the locus of the mutation in pedigree samples.These results were consistent with those of high-throughput sequencing.CONCLUSIONS ANK2p.F3067L is considered a novel and potentially pathogenic gene mutation in DCM.展开更多
This research argues that using an electron beam with high kinetic energy to pump perovskite quantum dots can significantly boost the efficiency of the low-frequency photon radiation conversion.Firstly,we measure the ...This research argues that using an electron beam with high kinetic energy to pump perovskite quantum dots can significantly boost the efficiency of the low-frequency photon radiation conversion.Firstly,we measure the random lasing threshold and luminescence threshold of CsPbX_(3)films pumped by an electron beam.Then,we simulate the spatial distribution of the electron beams in CsPbX_(3)films.Combined with the above data,a low-frequency photon radiation conversion model based on the electron pumped perovskite quantum dots is presented.This could be a way to create a terahertz source with a high-power output or to multiply the terahertz power.展开更多
Elucidating the structure-activity relationship in electrocatalysis is of fundamental interest for electrochemical energy conversion and storage.However,the heterogeneity in the surface structure of electrocatalysts,i...Elucidating the structure-activity relationship in electrocatalysis is of fundamental interest for electrochemical energy conversion and storage.However,the heterogeneity in the surface structure of electrocatalysts,including the presence of various facets,poses an analytical challenge in revealing the true structure-activity relationship because the activity is conventionally measured on ensemble,resulting in an averaged activity that cannot be unequivocally associated with a single structural motif.Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy(SECCM)[1]combined with colocalized electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)offers a direct way to reveal the correlative local electrochemical and structural information.Herein,we measured the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity on Ag and its dependence on the crystal orientation.From the combined EBSD and SECCM mapping,it is found that Ag grains closer to{111}show a higher exchange current density,while those closer to{110}show a lower Tafel slope.The Tafel slope is also found to decrease with the step density increase.The ability to measure the electrocatalytic activity under a high mass-transfer rate allows us to reveal the activity difference at a high current density(up to 200 mA/cm^(2)).The approach reported here can be expanded to other systems to reveal the nature of active sites of electrocatalysis.展开更多
Manganese dioxide(MnO_(2)),as a cathode material for multivalent ion(such as Mg^(2+)and Al^(3+))storage,is investigated due to its high initial capacity.However,during multivalent ion insertion/extraction,the crystal ...Manganese dioxide(MnO_(2)),as a cathode material for multivalent ion(such as Mg^(2+)and Al^(3+))storage,is investigated due to its high initial capacity.However,during multivalent ion insertion/extraction,the crystal structure of MnO_(2)partially collapses,leading to fast capacity decay in few charge/discharge cycles.Here,through pre-intercalating potassium-ion(K+)intoδ-MnO_(2),we synthesize a potassium ion pre-intercalated MnO_(2),K_(0.21)MnO_(2)·0.31H_(2)O(KMO),as a reliable cathode material for multivalent ion batteries.The as-prepared KMO exhibits a high reversible capacity of 185 mAh/g at 1 A/g,with considerable rate performance and improved cycling stability in 1 mol/L MgSO_(4)electrolyte.In addition,we observe that aluminum-ion(Al^(3+))can also insert into a KMO cathode.This work provides a valid method for modifcation of manganesebased oxides for aqueous multivalent ion batteries.展开更多
Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei.As a future high energy nuclear physics project,an Electron-ion collider in China(EicC)...Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei.As a future high energy nuclear physics project,an Electron-ion collider in China(EicC)has been proposed.It will be constructed based on an upgraded heavy-ion accelerator,High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF)which is currently under construction,together with a new electron ring.The proposed collider will provide highly polarized electrons(with a po-larization of 80%)and protons(with a polarization of 70%)with variable center of mass energies from 15 to 20 GeV and the luminosity of(2–3)×1033 cm^(−2)·s^(−1).Polarized deuterons and Helium-3,as well as unpolarized ion beams from Carbon to Uranium,will be also available at the EicC.The main foci of the EicC will be precision measurements of the structure of the nucleon in the sea quark region,including 3D tomography of nucleon;the partonic structure of nuclei and the parton interaction with the nuclear environment;the exotic states,especially those with heavy flavor quark contents.In addition,issues fundamental to understanding the origin of mass could be addressed by measurements of heavy quarkonia near-threshold production at the EicC.In order to achieve the above-mentioned physics goals,a hermetical detector system will be constructed with cutting-edge technologies.This document is the result of collective contributions and valuable inputs from experts across the globe.The EicC physics program complements the ongoing scientific programs at the Jefferson Laboratory and the future EIC project in the United States.The success of this project will also advance both nuclear and particle physics as well as accelerator and detector technology in China.展开更多
Although laser pumping using electron beam(EB)has high transient power output and easy modulation based on perovskite quantum dot(PQD)film,its lasing emitting direction is the same as the pumped EB's direction.Thu...Although laser pumping using electron beam(EB)has high transient power output and easy modulation based on perovskite quantum dot(PQD)film,its lasing emitting direction is the same as the pumped EB's direction.Thus,realizing the conventional direct device structure through the film lasing mechanism is extremely difficult.Therefore,using the random lasing principle,herein,we proposed a corona modulation device structure based on PQDs random laser pumped using an EB.We discussed and stimulated the optimized designed method of the device in terms of parameters of the electronic optical device and the utilization ratio of output power and its modulation extinction ratio,respectively.According to the simulation results,this type of device structure can effectively satisfy the new random lasing mechanism in terms of high-speed and high-power modulation.展开更多
Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications i...Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications in low-cost skin-inspired electronics.Here,we present a novel low-temperature solution-processed PEI-EP polymer dielectric with dramatically enhanced thermal stability,humidity stability,and frequency stability compared with the conventional PVA/c-PVA and c-PVP dielectrics,by incorporating polyethyleneimine PEI as crosslinking sites in nonhydroxyl epoxy EP.The PEI-EP dielectric requires a very low process temperature as low as 70℃ and simultaneously possesses the high initial decomposition temperature(340℃)and glass transition temperature(230℃),humidity-resistant dielectric properties,and frequency-independent capacitance.Integrated into the solution-processed C8-BTBT thin-film transistors,the PEI-EP dielectric enables the device stable operation in air within 2 months and in high-humidity environment from 20 to 100%without significant performance degradation.The PEI-EP dielectric transistor array also presents weak hysteresis transfer characteristics,excellent electrical performance with 100%operation rate,high mobility up to 7.98 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1)(1 Hz)and average mobility as high as 5.3 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1)(1 Hz),excellent flexibility with the normal operation at the bending radius down to 0.003 mm,and foldable and crumpling-resistant capability.These results reveal the great potential of PEI-EP polymer as dielectric of low-temperature solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors and open a new strategy for the development and applications of next-generation low-cost skin electronics.展开更多
Measurements at the single-entity level provide more precise diagnosis and understanding of basic biological and chemical processes.Recent advances in the chemical measurement provide a means for ultra-sensitive analy...Measurements at the single-entity level provide more precise diagnosis and understanding of basic biological and chemical processes.Recent advances in the chemical measurement provide a means for ultra-sensitive analysis.Confining the single analyte and electrons near the sensing interface can greatly enhance the sensitivity and selectivity.In this review,we summarize the recent progress in single-entity electrochemistry of single molecules,single particles,single cells and even brain analysis.The benefits of confining these entities to a compatible size sensing interface are exemplified.Finally,the opportunities and challenges of single entity electrochemistry are addressed.展开更多
This study evaluates the high-resolution satellite estimated long-term precipitation data for monitor-ing the drought condition over the Lake Victoria Basin(LVB)from 1984 to 2020.Standardized Precipitation Indices(SPI...This study evaluates the high-resolution satellite estimated long-term precipitation data for monitor-ing the drought condition over the Lake Victoria Basin(LVB)from 1984 to 2020.Standardized Precipitation Indices(SPI)were used to capture the short,medium and long-term meteorological drought conditions at multiple time scales(i.e.3,6,and 12).For these,the following two primaries Quantitative Precipitation Estimation(QPEs)products were employed-1)Climate Hazards group Infra-Red Precipitation with Station(CHIRPS),and 2)the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Network-Climate Data Record(PERSIANN-CDR).This dataset was compared based on the observation data obtained from the Climate Research Unit(CRU)over the nine selected regions surrounding lake basins.The performance of these two QPEs products was evaluated using seven statistical metrics.The findings of this study indicate that the CHIRPS and PERSIANN-CDR datasets could capture the behavior of drought magnitude based on the time scale of SPI-3,SPI-6,SPI-12.The results indicate that 2012 and 2017 are significant severe drought years in the recent decade over LVB.However,the CHIRPS datasets provide good agreement(Correlation Coefficient(CC)=0.65)with observation,whereas PERSIANN-CDR present satisfactory results(CC=0.54).In addition,Hurst(H)exponent was used to predict the future drought trend and found that the CHIRPS performed well to predict the degree of drought trend.Therefore,this study considers the CHIRPS product for near-real-time drought monitoring and PERSIANN-CDR for historical drought assessment.Moreover,the outcome from the H values is greater than 0.5,which indicates the future drought trend would be decreased over LVB.These results are useful for developing the strategies for drought hazards and water resource management in LVB.展开更多
To further improve the quantum efficiency of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is crucial for the realization of high-performance optoelectronic applications. To this regard, a few chemical or ph...To further improve the quantum efficiency of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is crucial for the realization of high-performance optoelectronic applications. To this regard, a few chemical or physical approaches such as superacid treatment, electrical gating, dielectric screening, and laser irradiation have been developed. In particular, the laser irradiation appears to be a more efficient way with good processability and spatial selectivity. However, the underlying mechanism especially about whether chemisorption or physisorption plays a more important role is still debatable. Here, we unravel the mystery of laser irradiation induced photoluminescence enhancement in monolayer WS_(2) by precisely controlling irradiation time and environment. It is found that the synergetic effect of physisorption and chemisorption is responsible for the photoluminescence enhancement, where the physisorption dominates with more than 74% contribution. The comprehensive understanding of the adsorption mechanism in laser-irradiated TMDs may trigger the potential applications for patterned light source, effective photosensor and ultrathin optical memory.展开更多
van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have become a promising candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalyst not only because of the freedom in materials design that enable t...van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have become a promising candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalyst not only because of the freedom in materials design that enable the band-offset construction and facilitate the charge separation. They also provide a platform for the study of various of interface effect in PEC. Here, we report a new kind of mixed-dimensional vdWs heterostructure photoelectrode and investigate the strain enhanced PEC performance at vdWs interfaces. Our heterostructures are composed of 2D n-type MoS_(2) nanosheets and three-dimensional (3D) p-type Cu_(2)O nanorod arrays (NRAs), where Cu_(2)O NRAs introduce periodically strain in the p-n junction interface. We find a promotion of the HER catalytic activities in heterostructure based PEC photoelectrodes using in-situ measurement techniques including the scanning electrochemical cell microscopy and various local spectrum probe measurements. This is attributed to the efficient charge separation at the strained heterointerface. Our results demonstrate an interesting venue for understanding the local interface effects with high spatial resolution, and shed light on design and developing high-efficiency photoelectrodes. 1L MoS_(2)/Cu_(2)O vdWs heterostructure photocathodes were prepared by nanoindentation technology. The effects of strain on promoting charge separation at the heterointerface were verified by the enhanced performances in PEC hydrogen evolution reaction of vdWs heterostructure through scanning electrochemical cell microscopy technique and various local spectrum probe measurements.展开更多
A novel turn-on fluorescent probe for the detection of palladium has been designed. The probe can selectively and sensitively detect palladium in solution, and the limit of detection was calculated to be 11.4 nmol...A novel turn-on fluorescent probe for the detection of palladium has been designed. The probe can selectively and sensitively detect palladium in solution, and the limit of detection was calculated to be 11.4 nmol·L-1. Furthermore, the probe was successfully used for fluorescence imaging of palladium in living cells.展开更多
Purpose The machine protection system(MPS)is an essential part of the BRing(Booster Ring)at the HIAF(High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility)to protect the accelerator from possible accidents.The high accumulati...Purpose The machine protection system(MPS)is an essential part of the BRing(Booster Ring)at the HIAF(High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility)to protect the accelerator from possible accidents.The high accumulation intensity and the complex operation mode of the BRing require MPS to respond quickly and operate stably.So,the detailed physical scheme of beam dump is proposed,and the corresponding simulation results are discussed in this paper.Method For this purpose,a multi-phased beam dump scheme based on the bipolar operation of fast extraction kicker magnets is proposed.The basic physical dimensions of the stoppers and energy deposited analysis have been calculated.Results and conclusion The multi-phased beam dump scheme is able to meet the engineering requirements,and the stopping efficiency can reach 100%for bunched beam.展开更多
Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications i...Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications in low-cost skin-inspired electronics.Here,we present a novel low-temperature solution-processed PEI-EP polymer dielectric with dramatically enhanced thermal stability,humidity stability,and frequency stability compared with the conventional PVA/c-PVA and c-PVP dielectrics,by incorporating polyethyleneimine PEI as crosslinking sites in nonhydroxyl epoxy EP.The PEI-EP dielectric requires a very low process temperature as low as 70℃ and simultaneously possesses the high initial decomposition temperature(340℃)and glass transition temperature(230℃),humidity-resistant dielectric properties,and frequency-independent capacitance.Integrated into the solution-processed C8-BTBT thin-film transistors,the PEI-EP dielectric enables the device stable operation in air within 2 months and in high-humidity environment from 20 to 100%without significant performance degradation.The PEI-EP dielectric transistor array also presents weak hysteresis transfer characteristics,excellent electrical performance with 100%operation rate,high mobility up to 7.98 cm^(2)V^(-1) s^(-1)(1 Hz)and average mobility as high as 5.3 cm^(2)V^(-1) s^(-1)(1 Hz),excellent flexibility with the normal operation at the bending radius down to 0.003 mm,and foldable and crumpling-resistant capability.These results reveal the great potential of PEI-EP polymer as dielectric of low-temperature solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors and open a new strategy for the development and applications of next-generation low-cost skin electronics.展开更多
Through the single row drilling experiment,this paper studied the regularity of the tooth shape parameter's influence to the disc teeth's rock-breaking effect,which provided some basis for the composite teeth ...Through the single row drilling experiment,this paper studied the regularity of the tooth shape parameter's influence to the disc teeth's rock-breaking effect,which provided some basis for the composite teeth type roller bit's combined experimental study and the structure design of the tooth type.This experimental research is only for the circular arc disc teeth which is arranged on the composite teeth type roller bit's main tooth.The experiments were designed using the method of orthogonal design and the results were analyzed by the fuzzy optimization method.The results show that the disc tooth's drilling effect is the best when the tip diameter is 2 mm,taper angle is 30and the groove number is 8,and the disc tooth's drilling effect is the second best when the tip diameter is 3 mm,taper angle is 30and the groove number is 7.The above two combined ways of drilling effect's difference is very small(the difference of the degree of the membership is 0.003).展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation in China(No.81671641)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Team(No.CXTDA2017039)Gusu Health Talents Program(No.GSWS 2022018).
文摘AIM:To provide the direct evidence for the crucial role of trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)in vascular permeability and endothelial cell dysfunction under diabetic condition.METHODS:The role of TMAO on the in vitro biological effect of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMEC)under high glucose conditions was tested by a cell counting kit,wound healing,a transwell and a tube formation assay.The inflammation-related gene expression affected by TMAO was tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expression of the cell junction was measured by Western blotting(WB)and immunofluorescence staining.In addition,two groups of rat models,diabetic and non-diabetic,were fed with normal or 0.1%TMAO for 16wk,and their plasma levels of TMAO,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere tested.The vascular permeability of rat retinas was measured using FITC-Dextran,and the expression of zonula occludens(ZO)-1 and claudin-5 in rat retinas was detected by WB or immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:TMAO administration significantly increased the cell proliferation,migration,and tube formation of primary HRMEC either in normal or high-glucose conditions.RT-PCR showed elevated inflammation-related gene expression of HRMEC under TMAO stimulation,while WB or immunofluorescence staining indicated decreased cell junction ZO-1 and occludin expression after high-glucose and TMAO treatment.Diabetic rats showed higher plasma levels of TMAO as well as retinal vascular leakage,which were even higher in TMAO-feeding diabetic rats.Furthermore,TMAO administration increased the rat plasma levels of VEGF,IL-6 and TNF-αwhile decreasing the retinal expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin-5.CONCLUSION:TMAO enhances the proliferation,migration,and tube formation of HRMEC,as well as destroys their vascular integrity and tight connection.It also regulates the expression of VEGF,IL-6,and TNF-α.
文摘Dear Editor,We write to introduce a case of high myopia who had bilateral macular schisis along with cataracts.During the following-up period from 2014 to 2021,the severity of macular schisis gradually worsened.However,following cataract surgery,there was a gradual improvement in the macular schisis,ultimately leading to near-complete resolution.We obtained the written informed consent from the patient,and this case study adhered to the principles in the Declaration of Helsinki.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:41501003,41701101,41807403)Open Foundation of Research Institute of Jiangsu Coastal Development(Grant No.:RIJCD11008)
文摘The sedimentation rate is an important environmental parameter to understand the evolution of coastal geomorphology. The tidal flat around Qidong foreland is located in the junction between Yangtze Estuary and Jiangsu coast,where the land-ocean interactions are strong and highly sensitive to environmental changes. The QDZ-1 core sediments collected at Qidong foreland was analyzed for137 Cs dating and grain size.The results showed that silt is the main sedimentary type with a trend of gradually fining from the bottom to the top,conforming to the sedimentation characteristic of the silt muddy tidal flat. The sedimentation rate could be divided into three distinct stages: 1963 to 1986 was 2. 61 cm/yr,1963 to 2011 was 1. 82 cm/yr,and 1986 to 2011 was 1. 10 cm/yr. Based on these,further explanation was made for the significance of environmental changes. According to the estimation of sedimentation rate,the impact of extreme environmental change was reflected by the sudden increase in sand proportion at the depth of 172. 5 cm. Since the introduction of Spartina alterniflora in the 1970 s,it has played an important role in tidal flat development. The tidal flat has a high sedimentary rate during this time. With continuous accretion of the tidal flat,low tidal flat turns to high tidal flat,the sedimentation rate gradually declines,and tidal flat sedimentation appears.
基金Supported by the Jilin Provincial Healthcare Talent Special Program,No.2019SCZT08.
文摘BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)is a genetically heterogeneous cardiac disorder characterized by left ventricular dilation and contractile dysfunction.The substantial genetic heterogeneity evident in patients with DCM contributes to variable disease severity and complicates overall prognosis,which can be very poor.AIM To identify pathogenic genes in DCM through pedigree analysis.METHODS Our research team identified a patient with DCM in the clinic.Through invest-igation,we found that the family of this patient has a typical DCM pedigree.High-throughput sequencing technology,next-generation sequencing,was used to sequence the whole exomes of seven samples in the pedigree.RESULTS A novel and potentially pathogenic gene mutation-ANK2p.F3067L-was discovered.The mutation was completely consistent with the clinical information for this DCM pedigree.Sanger sequencing was used to further verify the locus of the mutation in pedigree samples.These results were consistent with those of high-throughput sequencing.CONCLUSIONS ANK2p.F3067L is considered a novel and potentially pathogenic gene mutation in DCM.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61905026,61703057,11874091,and 61905023)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB1800303)+2 种基金Construction Project of Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.CAS-KLAOTKF201803)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.CSTC2021JCYJMSXMX0500)Foundation Project of Jilin Province,China(Grant Nos.20210402067GH,JJKH20210830KJ,JJKH20210800KJ,20200301065RQ,20190201188JC,and2019C043-6)。
文摘This research argues that using an electron beam with high kinetic energy to pump perovskite quantum dots can significantly boost the efficiency of the low-frequency photon radiation conversion.Firstly,we measure the random lasing threshold and luminescence threshold of CsPbX_(3)films pumped by an electron beam.Then,we simulate the spatial distribution of the electron beams in CsPbX_(3)films.Combined with the above data,a low-frequency photon radiation conversion model based on the electron pumped perovskite quantum dots is presented.This could be a way to create a terahertz source with a high-power output or to multiply the terahertz power.
基金sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) and the Army Research Office and was accomplished under Grant Number W911NF-20-1-0304
文摘Elucidating the structure-activity relationship in electrocatalysis is of fundamental interest for electrochemical energy conversion and storage.However,the heterogeneity in the surface structure of electrocatalysts,including the presence of various facets,poses an analytical challenge in revealing the true structure-activity relationship because the activity is conventionally measured on ensemble,resulting in an averaged activity that cannot be unequivocally associated with a single structural motif.Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy(SECCM)[1]combined with colocalized electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)offers a direct way to reveal the correlative local electrochemical and structural information.Herein,we measured the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity on Ag and its dependence on the crystal orientation.From the combined EBSD and SECCM mapping,it is found that Ag grains closer to{111}show a higher exchange current density,while those closer to{110}show a lower Tafel slope.The Tafel slope is also found to decrease with the step density increase.The ability to measure the electrocatalytic activity under a high mass-transfer rate allows us to reveal the activity difference at a high current density(up to 200 mA/cm^(2)).The approach reported here can be expanded to other systems to reveal the nature of active sites of electrocatalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52102264)the Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20220009)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(No.2020WNLOKF011).
文摘Manganese dioxide(MnO_(2)),as a cathode material for multivalent ion(such as Mg^(2+)and Al^(3+))storage,is investigated due to its high initial capacity.However,during multivalent ion insertion/extraction,the crystal structure of MnO_(2)partially collapses,leading to fast capacity decay in few charge/discharge cycles.Here,through pre-intercalating potassium-ion(K+)intoδ-MnO_(2),we synthesize a potassium ion pre-intercalated MnO_(2),K_(0.21)MnO_(2)·0.31H_(2)O(KMO),as a reliable cathode material for multivalent ion batteries.The as-prepared KMO exhibits a high reversible capacity of 185 mAh/g at 1 A/g,with considerable rate performance and improved cycling stability in 1 mol/L MgSO_(4)electrolyte.In addition,we observe that aluminum-ion(Al^(3+))can also insert into a KMO cathode.This work provides a valid method for modifcation of manganesebased oxides for aqueous multivalent ion batteries.
文摘Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei.As a future high energy nuclear physics project,an Electron-ion collider in China(EicC)has been proposed.It will be constructed based on an upgraded heavy-ion accelerator,High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF)which is currently under construction,together with a new electron ring.The proposed collider will provide highly polarized electrons(with a po-larization of 80%)and protons(with a polarization of 70%)with variable center of mass energies from 15 to 20 GeV and the luminosity of(2–3)×1033 cm^(−2)·s^(−1).Polarized deuterons and Helium-3,as well as unpolarized ion beams from Carbon to Uranium,will be also available at the EicC.The main foci of the EicC will be precision measurements of the structure of the nucleon in the sea quark region,including 3D tomography of nucleon;the partonic structure of nuclei and the parton interaction with the nuclear environment;the exotic states,especially those with heavy flavor quark contents.In addition,issues fundamental to understanding the origin of mass could be addressed by measurements of heavy quarkonia near-threshold production at the EicC.In order to achieve the above-mentioned physics goals,a hermetical detector system will be constructed with cutting-edge technologies.This document is the result of collective contributions and valuable inputs from experts across the globe.The EicC physics program complements the ongoing scientific programs at the Jefferson Laboratory and the future EIC project in the United States.The success of this project will also advance both nuclear and particle physics as well as accelerator and detector technology in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.51602028,61905026,and 11874091)Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Project(Nos.20200301065RQ and 20190701024GH)+1 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.CAS-KLAOT-KF201803)Changchun University of Science and Technology(No.XJJLG-2017-01).
文摘Although laser pumping using electron beam(EB)has high transient power output and easy modulation based on perovskite quantum dot(PQD)film,its lasing emitting direction is the same as the pumped EB's direction.Thus,realizing the conventional direct device structure through the film lasing mechanism is extremely difficult.Therefore,using the random lasing principle,herein,we proposed a corona modulation device structure based on PQDs random laser pumped using an EB.We discussed and stimulated the optimized designed method of the device in terms of parameters of the electronic optical device and the utilization ratio of output power and its modulation extinction ratio,respectively.According to the simulation results,this type of device structure can effectively satisfy the new random lasing mechanism in terms of high-speed and high-power modulation.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51973024)111 project(B13013).
文摘Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications in low-cost skin-inspired electronics.Here,we present a novel low-temperature solution-processed PEI-EP polymer dielectric with dramatically enhanced thermal stability,humidity stability,and frequency stability compared with the conventional PVA/c-PVA and c-PVP dielectrics,by incorporating polyethyleneimine PEI as crosslinking sites in nonhydroxyl epoxy EP.The PEI-EP dielectric requires a very low process temperature as low as 70℃ and simultaneously possesses the high initial decomposition temperature(340℃)and glass transition temperature(230℃),humidity-resistant dielectric properties,and frequency-independent capacitance.Integrated into the solution-processed C8-BTBT thin-film transistors,the PEI-EP dielectric enables the device stable operation in air within 2 months and in high-humidity environment from 20 to 100%without significant performance degradation.The PEI-EP dielectric transistor array also presents weak hysteresis transfer characteristics,excellent electrical performance with 100%operation rate,high mobility up to 7.98 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1)(1 Hz)and average mobility as high as 5.3 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1)(1 Hz),excellent flexibility with the normal operation at the bending radius down to 0.003 mm,and foldable and crumpling-resistant capability.These results reveal the great potential of PEI-EP polymer as dielectric of low-temperature solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors and open a new strategy for the development and applications of next-generation low-cost skin electronics.
基金funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(21834001,21925403,21874070,21790390,21790391,61901171)sponsored by National Ten Thousand Talent Program for young topnotch talent,funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020research and innovation programme under the Marie Skodowska-Curie grant agreement No 812398,funding supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB30000000)+5 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2018YFE0200800,2018YFA0703501 and 2016YFA0200104)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJSSW-SLH030)funding from Office of Naval Research(N00014-19-1-2331)the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI(FA9550-14-1-0003)the Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage(NEES)an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy,Office of Science and Basic Energy Sciences under Award number DESC0001160,support from the Office of Naval Research DURIP program(N00014-18-1-2235)。
文摘Measurements at the single-entity level provide more precise diagnosis and understanding of basic biological and chemical processes.Recent advances in the chemical measurement provide a means for ultra-sensitive analysis.Confining the single analyte and electrons near the sensing interface can greatly enhance the sensitivity and selectivity.In this review,we summarize the recent progress in single-entity electrochemistry of single molecules,single particles,single cells and even brain analysis.The benefits of confining these entities to a compatible size sensing interface are exemplified.Finally,the opportunities and challenges of single entity electrochemistry are addressed.
基金Integrated management for sustainable utilization of water resources in East Africa great Lakes basin and the project commissioned by National Key R&D program of China[grant number 2018YFE0105900].
文摘This study evaluates the high-resolution satellite estimated long-term precipitation data for monitor-ing the drought condition over the Lake Victoria Basin(LVB)from 1984 to 2020.Standardized Precipitation Indices(SPI)were used to capture the short,medium and long-term meteorological drought conditions at multiple time scales(i.e.3,6,and 12).For these,the following two primaries Quantitative Precipitation Estimation(QPEs)products were employed-1)Climate Hazards group Infra-Red Precipitation with Station(CHIRPS),and 2)the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Network-Climate Data Record(PERSIANN-CDR).This dataset was compared based on the observation data obtained from the Climate Research Unit(CRU)over the nine selected regions surrounding lake basins.The performance of these two QPEs products was evaluated using seven statistical metrics.The findings of this study indicate that the CHIRPS and PERSIANN-CDR datasets could capture the behavior of drought magnitude based on the time scale of SPI-3,SPI-6,SPI-12.The results indicate that 2012 and 2017 are significant severe drought years in the recent decade over LVB.However,the CHIRPS datasets provide good agreement(Correlation Coefficient(CC)=0.65)with observation,whereas PERSIANN-CDR present satisfactory results(CC=0.54).In addition,Hurst(H)exponent was used to predict the future drought trend and found that the CHIRPS performed well to predict the degree of drought trend.Therefore,this study considers the CHIRPS product for near-real-time drought monitoring and PERSIANN-CDR for historical drought assessment.Moreover,the outcome from the H values is greater than 0.5,which indicates the future drought trend would be decreased over LVB.These results are useful for developing the strategies for drought hazards and water resource management in LVB.
基金Y. Li and J. Yan contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51732003, 51872043, 61604037, 11874104, 12074060, and 12004069)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 52025022)+7 种基金the “111” Project (No. B13013)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2016YFA0201902 and 2019YFB2205100)Fund from Ministry of Education (No. 6141A02033414)Shenzhen Nanshan District Pilotage Team Program (No. LHTD20170006)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (Nos. 2020M681025, 2021T140109, and 2021M693905)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 2412020QD015, 2412019BJ006, 2412021ZD007, 2412021ZD012, and 2412019FZ034)Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project from Jilin Province (No. 111865005)the Fund from Jilin Province (Nos. YDZJ202101ZYTS049, YDZJ202101ZYTS041, YDZJ202101ZYTS133, JJKH20211273KJ, JJKH20211274KJ, and 20190103007JH).
文摘To further improve the quantum efficiency of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is crucial for the realization of high-performance optoelectronic applications. To this regard, a few chemical or physical approaches such as superacid treatment, electrical gating, dielectric screening, and laser irradiation have been developed. In particular, the laser irradiation appears to be a more efficient way with good processability and spatial selectivity. However, the underlying mechanism especially about whether chemisorption or physisorption plays a more important role is still debatable. Here, we unravel the mystery of laser irradiation induced photoluminescence enhancement in monolayer WS_(2) by precisely controlling irradiation time and environment. It is found that the synergetic effect of physisorption and chemisorption is responsible for the photoluminescence enhancement, where the physisorption dominates with more than 74% contribution. The comprehensive understanding of the adsorption mechanism in laser-irradiated TMDs may trigger the potential applications for patterned light source, effective photosensor and ultrathin optical memory.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2018YFA0306900 and 2018YFA0209500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21872114,21972121 and 21908253)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2018A030310300)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2020M682616)Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research (No. 61155-DNI5)Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA)the Army Research Office for the financial support (No. W911NF-20-1-0304)。
文摘van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have become a promising candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalyst not only because of the freedom in materials design that enable the band-offset construction and facilitate the charge separation. They also provide a platform for the study of various of interface effect in PEC. Here, we report a new kind of mixed-dimensional vdWs heterostructure photoelectrode and investigate the strain enhanced PEC performance at vdWs interfaces. Our heterostructures are composed of 2D n-type MoS_(2) nanosheets and three-dimensional (3D) p-type Cu_(2)O nanorod arrays (NRAs), where Cu_(2)O NRAs introduce periodically strain in the p-n junction interface. We find a promotion of the HER catalytic activities in heterostructure based PEC photoelectrodes using in-situ measurement techniques including the scanning electrochemical cell microscopy and various local spectrum probe measurements. This is attributed to the efficient charge separation at the strained heterointerface. Our results demonstrate an interesting venue for understanding the local interface effects with high spatial resolution, and shed light on design and developing high-efficiency photoelectrodes. 1L MoS_(2)/Cu_(2)O vdWs heterostructure photocathodes were prepared by nanoindentation technology. The effects of strain on promoting charge separation at the heterointerface were verified by the enhanced performances in PEC hydrogen evolution reaction of vdWs heterostructure through scanning electrochemical cell microscopy technique and various local spectrum probe measurements.
文摘A novel turn-on fluorescent probe for the detection of palladium has been designed. The probe can selectively and sensitively detect palladium in solution, and the limit of detection was calculated to be 11.4 nmol·L-1. Furthermore, the probe was successfully used for fluorescence imaging of palladium in living cells.
基金Thanks for the support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant NO.2019YFA0405400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11905268)the support from Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(Grant No.2016ZT06G373).
文摘Purpose The machine protection system(MPS)is an essential part of the BRing(Booster Ring)at the HIAF(High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility)to protect the accelerator from possible accidents.The high accumulation intensity and the complex operation mode of the BRing require MPS to respond quickly and operate stably.So,the detailed physical scheme of beam dump is proposed,and the corresponding simulation results are discussed in this paper.Method For this purpose,a multi-phased beam dump scheme based on the bipolar operation of fast extraction kicker magnets is proposed.The basic physical dimensions of the stoppers and energy deposited analysis have been calculated.Results and conclusion The multi-phased beam dump scheme is able to meet the engineering requirements,and the stopping efficiency can reach 100%for bunched beam.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51973024)111 project(B13013).
文摘Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications in low-cost skin-inspired electronics.Here,we present a novel low-temperature solution-processed PEI-EP polymer dielectric with dramatically enhanced thermal stability,humidity stability,and frequency stability compared with the conventional PVA/c-PVA and c-PVP dielectrics,by incorporating polyethyleneimine PEI as crosslinking sites in nonhydroxyl epoxy EP.The PEI-EP dielectric requires a very low process temperature as low as 70℃ and simultaneously possesses the high initial decomposition temperature(340℃)and glass transition temperature(230℃),humidity-resistant dielectric properties,and frequency-independent capacitance.Integrated into the solution-processed C8-BTBT thin-film transistors,the PEI-EP dielectric enables the device stable operation in air within 2 months and in high-humidity environment from 20 to 100%without significant performance degradation.The PEI-EP dielectric transistor array also presents weak hysteresis transfer characteristics,excellent electrical performance with 100%operation rate,high mobility up to 7.98 cm^(2)V^(-1) s^(-1)(1 Hz)and average mobility as high as 5.3 cm^(2)V^(-1) s^(-1)(1 Hz),excellent flexibility with the normal operation at the bending radius down to 0.003 mm,and foldable and crumpling-resistant capability.These results reveal the great potential of PEI-EP polymer as dielectric of low-temperature solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors and open a new strategy for the development and applications of next-generation low-cost skin electronics.
基金The authors are grateful to Applied basic research project of Sichuan Province(No.2015JY0057)Natural science project of Sichuan Provincial Education Department(No.15ZA0046)for their financial support to carry out this research.The insightful and constructive comments of the anonymous reviewers are also gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Through the single row drilling experiment,this paper studied the regularity of the tooth shape parameter's influence to the disc teeth's rock-breaking effect,which provided some basis for the composite teeth type roller bit's combined experimental study and the structure design of the tooth type.This experimental research is only for the circular arc disc teeth which is arranged on the composite teeth type roller bit's main tooth.The experiments were designed using the method of orthogonal design and the results were analyzed by the fuzzy optimization method.The results show that the disc tooth's drilling effect is the best when the tip diameter is 2 mm,taper angle is 30and the groove number is 8,and the disc tooth's drilling effect is the second best when the tip diameter is 3 mm,taper angle is 30and the groove number is 7.The above two combined ways of drilling effect's difference is very small(the difference of the degree of the membership is 0.003).
