Adolescent binge drinking leads to long-lasting disorders of the adult central nervous system,particularly aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis.In this study,we applied in vivo fluorescent tracing using NestinCreERT2::Ro...Adolescent binge drinking leads to long-lasting disorders of the adult central nervous system,particularly aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis.In this study,we applied in vivo fluorescent tracing using NestinCreERT2::Rosa26-tdTomato mice and analyzed the endogenous neurogenesis lineage progression of neural stem cells(NSCs)and dendritic spine formation of newborn neurons in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus.We found abnormal orientation of tamoxifen-induced tdTomato+(tdTom^(+))NSCs in adult mice 2 months after treatment with EtOH(5.0 g/kg,i.p.)for 7 consecutive days.EtOH markedly inhibited tdTom^(+)NSCs activation and hippocampal neurogenesis in mouse dentate gyrus from adolescence to adulthood.EtOH(100 mM)also significantly inhibited the proliferation to 39.2%and differentiation of primary NSCs in vitro.Adult mice exposed to EtOH also exhibited marked inhibitions in dendritic spine growth and newborn neuron maturation in the dentate gyrus,which was partially reversed by voluntary running or inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycinenhancer of zeste homolog 2 pathway.In vivo tracing revealed that EtOH induced abnormal orientation of tdTom+NSCs and spatial misposition defects of newborn neurons,thus causing the disturbance of hippocampal neurogenesis and dendritic spine remodeling in mice.展开更多
Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic ...Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.展开更多
In the existing power system with a large-scale hydrogen storage system,there are problems such as low efficiency of electric-hydrogen-electricity conversion and single modeling of the hydrogen storage system.In order...In the existing power system with a large-scale hydrogen storage system,there are problems such as low efficiency of electric-hydrogen-electricity conversion and single modeling of the hydrogen storage system.In order to improve the hydrogen utilization rate of hydrogen storage system in the process of participating in the power grid operation,and speed up the process of electric-hydrogen-electricity conversion.This article provides a detailed introduction to the mathematical and electrical models of various components of the hydrogen storage unit,and also establishes a charging and discharging efficiency model that considers the temperature and internal gas partial pressure of the hydrogen storage unit.These models are of great significance for studying and optimizing gas storage technology.Through these models,the performance of gas storage units can be better understood and improved.These studies are very helpful for improving energy storage efficiency and sustainable development.The factors affecting the charge-discharge efficiency of hydrogen storage units are analyzed.By integrating the models of each unit and considering the capacity degradation of the hydrogen storage system,we can construct an efficiency model for a large hydrogen storage system and power conversion system.In addition,the simulation models of the hydrogen production system and hydrogen consumption system were established in MATLAB/Simulink.The accuracy and effectiveness of the simulation model were proved by comparing the output voltage variation curve of the simulation with the polarization curve of the typical hydrogen production system and hydrogen consumption system.The results show that the charge-discharge efficiency of the hydrogen storage unit increases with the increase of operating temperature,and H2 and O2 partial voltage have little influence on the charge-discharge efficiency.In the process of power conversion system converter rectification operation,its efficiency decreases with the increase of temperature,while in the process of inverter operation,power conversion system efficiency increases with the increase of temperature.Combined with the efficiency of each hydrogen storage unit and power conversion system converter,the upper limit of the capacity loss of different hydrogen storage units was set.The optimal charge-discharge efficiency of the hydrogen storage system was obtained by using the Cplex solver at 36.46%and 66.34%.展开更多
The sixth generation(6G)of mobile communication system is witnessing a new paradigm shift,i.e.,integrated sensing-communication system.A comprehensive dataset is a prerequisite for 6G integrated sensing-communication ...The sixth generation(6G)of mobile communication system is witnessing a new paradigm shift,i.e.,integrated sensing-communication system.A comprehensive dataset is a prerequisite for 6G integrated sensing-communication research.This paper develops a novel simulation dataset,named M3SC,for mixed multi-modal(MMM)sensing-communication integration,and the generation framework of the M3SC dataset is further given.To obtain multimodal sensory data in physical space and communication data in electromagnetic space,we utilize Air-Sim and WaveFarer to collect multi-modal sensory data and exploit Wireless InSite to collect communication data.Furthermore,the in-depth integration and precise alignment of AirSim,WaveFarer,andWireless InSite are achieved.The M3SC dataset covers various weather conditions,multiplex frequency bands,and different times of the day.Currently,the M3SC dataset contains 1500 snapshots,including 80 RGB images,160 depth maps,80 LiDAR point clouds,256 sets of mmWave waveforms with 8 radar point clouds,and 72 channel impulse response(CIR)matrices per snapshot,thus totaling 120,000 RGB images,240,000 depth maps,120,000 LiDAR point clouds,384,000 sets of mmWave waveforms with 12,000 radar point clouds,and 108,000 CIR matrices.The data processing result presents the multi-modal sensory information and communication channel statistical properties.Finally,the MMM sensing-communication application,which can be supported by the M3SC dataset,is discussed.展开更多
Regarding delay-induced predator-prey models, much research has been done on delayed destabilization, but whether delays are stabilizing or destabilizing is a subtle issue. In this study, we investigate predator-prey ...Regarding delay-induced predator-prey models, much research has been done on delayed destabilization, but whether delays are stabilizing or destabilizing is a subtle issue. In this study, we investigate predator-prey dynamics affected by both delays and the Allee effect. We analyze the consequences of delays in different feedback mechanisms. The existence of a Hopf bifurcation is studied, and we calculate the value of the delay that leads to the Hopf bifurcation. Furthermore, applying the normal form theory and a center manifold theorem, we consider the direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcation. Finally, we present numerical experiments that validate our theoretical analysis. Interestingly, depending on the chosen delay mechanism, we find that delays are not necessarily destabilizing. The Allee effect generally increases the stability of the equilibrium, and when the Allee effect involves a delay term, the stabilization effect is more pronounced.展开更多
One of the major barriers in utilizing prodrug nanocarriers for cancer therapy is the slow release of parent drug in tumors.Tumor cells generally display the higher oxidative level than normal cells,and also displayed...One of the major barriers in utilizing prodrug nanocarriers for cancer therapy is the slow release of parent drug in tumors.Tumor cells generally display the higher oxidative level than normal cells,and also displayed the heterogeneity in terms of redox homeostasis level.We previously found that the disulfide bond-linkage demonstrates surprising oxidationsensitivity to form the hydrophilic sulfoxide and sulphone groups.Herein,we develop oxidation-strengthened prodrug nanosystem loaded with pyropheophorbide a(PPa)to achieve light-activatable cascade drug release and enhance therapeutic efficacy.The disulfide bond-driven prodrug nanosystems not only respond to the redox-heterogeneity in tumor,but also respond to the exogenous oxidant(singlet oxygen)elicited by photosensitizers.Once the prodrug nanoparticles(NPs)are activated under irradiation,they would undergo an oxidative self-strengthened process,resulting in a facilitated drug cascade release.The IC50 value of the PPa@PTX-S-S NPs without irradiation was 2-fold higher than those of NPs plus irradiation.In vivo,the PPa@PTX prodrug NPs display prolonged systemic circulation and increased accumulation in tumor site.The PPa@PTXS-S NPs showed much higher efficiency than free PTX or the PPa@PTX-C-C NPs to suppress the growth of 4 T1 tumors.Therefore,this novel oxidation-strengthened disulfide-bridged prodrug-nanosystem has a great potential in the enhanced efficacy of cancer synergetic photochemotherapy.展开更多
Although it is reported that the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanoparticles(NPs) is molecular weight(MW) dependent,the influence of HA MW on targeting efficiency of HA-functionalized NPs and the unde...Although it is reported that the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanoparticles(NPs) is molecular weight(MW) dependent,the influence of HA MW on targeting efficiency of HA-functionalized NPs and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study,we constituted three HA-functionalized Dox-loaded NPs(Dox/HCVs) different HA MWs(7,63,and 102 k Da) and attempted to illustrate the effects of HA MW on the targeting efficiency.The three Dox/HCVs had similar physiochemical and pharmaceutical characteristics,but showed different affinity to CD44 receptor. Furthermore,Dox/HCV-63 exerted the best targeting effect and the highest cytotoxicity compared with Dox/HCV-7 and Dox/HCV-102. It was interesting to found that both the HA-CD44 binding affinity and induced CD44 clustering by HA-based NPs were HA MW-dependent,the two of which determine the apparent targeting efficacy of Dox/HCV NPs in the conflicting directions. Those results laid a good foundation for rationally designing HA-based NPs in cancer therapy.展开更多
In the present paper, chiral mesoporous silica nano-cocoon(A-CMSN) functionalized with amino group was synthesized, and its loading and release of indomethacin(IMC), a poorly soluble drug, was studied. Due to the use ...In the present paper, chiral mesoporous silica nano-cocoon(A-CMSN) functionalized with amino group was synthesized, and its loading and release of indomethacin(IMC), a poorly soluble drug, was studied. Due to the use of chiral anionic surfactants as a template, ACMSN possessed 2D hexagonal nano-cocoon morphology with curled channels on its surface, which was quite different from another 2D hexagonal mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MCM-41) with straightway channels. After being loaded into the two silica carriers by hydrogen bond, crystalline IMC converted to amorphous form, leading to the improved drug dissolution. And IMC loading capacity of A-CMSN was higher than MCM-41 because curled loading process originating from curvature chiral channels can hold more drug molecules. Compared with IMC, IMC loaded A-CMSN presented obviously fast release throughout the in vitro release experiment, while IMC loaded MCM-41 released faster than IMC at the initial 5 h then showed controlled slow release afterwards, which was closely related to the mesoporous silica nanoparticles and different channel mesostructures of these two carriers. A-CMSN possessed nano-cocoon morphology with curled 2D hexagonal channel and its channel length was shorter than MCM-41, therefore IMC molecules can easily get rid of the constraint of A-CMSN then to be surrounded by dissolution medium.展开更多
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system(SNEDDS) has emerged as a promising platform to improve oral absorption of drugs with poor solubility and low permeability. However,large polarity molecules with insufficient l...Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system(SNEDDS) has emerged as a promising platform to improve oral absorption of drugs with poor solubility and low permeability. However,large polarity molecules with insufficient lipid solubility,such as paclitaxel(PTX),would suffer from inferior formulation of SNEDDS due to poor compatibility. Herein,phospholipid-drug complex(PLDC) and SNEDDS were integrated into one system to facilitate oral delivery of PTX. First,PTX was formulated into PLDC in response to its inferior physicochemical properties. Then,the prepared PLDC was further formulated into SNEDDS by integrating these two drug delivery technologies into one system(PLDC-SNEDDS). After PLDC-SNEDDS dispersed in aqueous medium,nanoemulsion was formed immediately with an average particle size of ~30 nm. Furthermore,the nanomulsion of PLDC-SNEDDS showed good colloidal stability in both HCl solution(0.1 mol/l,p H 1.0) and phosphate buffer solution(PBS,p H 6.8). In vivo,PTX-PLDC-SNEDDS showed distinct advantages in terms of oral absorption efficiency,with a3.42-fold and 2.13-fold higher bioavailability than PTX-PLDC and PTX solution,respectively.Our results suggest that the integration of PLDC into SNEDDS could be utilized to facilitate the oral delivery of hydrophobic drugs with large polarity.展开更多
The use of fiber as a catalyst carrier to construct heterogeneous catalysts with good catalytic activity and recycling performance has received wide attention.In this study,three phenylboronic acid functionalized poly...The use of fiber as a catalyst carrier to construct heterogeneous catalysts with good catalytic activity and recycling performance has received wide attention.In this study,three phenylboronic acid functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber(PANF)catalysts were synthesized by amination and quaternization.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry,scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to verify the successful grafting of phenylboronic acid and the structural integrity of the fiber catalyst after recycling.The activity of the catalysts was explored with the Friedel–Crafts alkylation between indole and aromatic aldehydes.The results indicate that the synthesized catalyst(PANp-BAF)in which the phenylboronic acid functional group was linked at the para position,exhibited the highest catalytic activity for the Friedel–Crafts alkylation.The substrate scope experiments confirmed that the catalyst has outstanding catalytic activity for most aromatic aldehydes,especially for those containing moderate electron donating groups.Moreover,the catalyst can be reused eight times in water without significant decrease in its catalytic activity.Further,the scale-up experiment confirmed that the fiber catalyst has a certain potential for industrial application.展开更多
In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae(FP),qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study.First,the fingerprint of...In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae(FP),qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study.First,the fingerprint of FP was developed by HPLC and the chemical markers were screened out by similarity analysis(SA),hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA),principal components analysis(PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Next,the chemical constituents in FP were profiled and identified by HPLC coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(HPLCFT-ICR MS).Then,the characteristic constituents in FP were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC.As a result,31 common peaks were assigned in the fingerprint and 6 of them were considered as qualitative markers.A total of 35 chemical constituents were detected by HPLC-FT-ICR MS and 16 of them were unambiguously identified by comparing retention time,UV absorption wavelength,accurate mass,and MS/MS data with those of reference standards.Subsequently,the contents of glycitin,genistin,tectoridin,glycitein,genistein,and tectorigenin in 13 batches of FP were detected,ranging from 0.4438 to 11.06 mg/g,0.955 to 1.726 mg/g,9.81 to 57.22 mg/g,3.349 to 41.60 mg/g,0.3576 to 0.989 mg/g,and 2.126 to 9.99 mg/g,respectively.In conclusion,fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics methods could discover chemical markers for improving the quality control standard of FP.It is expected that the strategy applied in this study will be valuable for further quality control of other traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
In gas insulation switch(GIS)substation,secondary devices such as linemonitoring devices are placed in the switching field,and these electronic devices are vulnerable to transient electromagnetic interference caused b...In gas insulation switch(GIS)substation,secondary devices such as linemonitoring devices are placed in the switching field,and these electronic devices are vulnerable to transient electromagnetic interference caused by switching operation.In order to facilitate the measurement and research of electromagnetic disturbance data under different working conditions,a simulation test device is developed in this paper,which can be used to simulate electromagnetic disturbance of GIS substation sensor and secondary device port under switch operation.A four-channel parallel gas switch was designed,and the main characteristic parameters of electromagnetic disturbance generated by the simulation device were measured by using high-frequency pulse power supply as the excitation source.The comparison between the measured waveform and the measured disturbance characteristic parameters of GIS substation shows that it is in good agreement with the measured waveform characteristics,conforms to the basic characteristics of damped oscillation wave,and can be used in the secondary equipment port disturbance voltage coupling characteristics,protection measures evaluation and assessment method research.展开更多
Interference cancellation scheme without feedback is proposed for X channels with four antennas at each user. Space-time codeword with Alamouti structure is designed for each user. Codewords are combined according a c...Interference cancellation scheme without feedback is proposed for X channels with four antennas at each user. Space-time codeword with Alamouti structure is designed for each user. Codewords are combined according a certain rule. The unwanted codewords are cancelled by linear operation on the received signals. Then, multi-user interference is mitigated by the orthogonal property of the Alamouti code. Comparing with the existing scheme for the same scene, feedback information is not required in the proposed scheme. So the transmission efficiency is improved.展开更多
As infectious respiratory diseases are highly transmissible through the air,researchers have improved traditional total volume air distribution systems to reduce infection risk.Multi-vent module-based adaptive ventila...As infectious respiratory diseases are highly transmissible through the air,researchers have improved traditional total volume air distribution systems to reduce infection risk.Multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation(MAV)is a novel ventilation type that facilitates the switching of inlets and outlets to suit different indoor scenarios without changing ductwork layout.However,little research has evaluated MAV module sizing and air velocity selection,both related to MAV system efficiency in removing contaminants and the corresponding level of protection for occupants in the ventilated room.Therefore,the module-source offset ratio(MSOR)is proposed,based on the MAV module size and its distance from an infected occupant,to inform selection of optimal MAV module parameters.Computational fluid dynamics simulations illustrated contaminant distribution in a two-person MAV equipped office.Discrete phase particles modelled respiratory contaminants from the infected occupant,and contaminant concentration distributions were compared under four MAV air distribution layouts,three air velocities,and three module sizes considered using the MsOR.Results indicate that lower air velocities favour rising contaminant levels,provided the ventilation rate is met.Optimal contaminant discharge can be achieved when the line of outlets is located directly above the infected occupant.Using this parameter to guide MAV system design,85.7% of contaminants may be rendered harmless to the human body within 120 s using the default air vent layout.A more appropriate supply air velocity and air vent layout increases this value to 91.4%.These results are expected to inform the deployment of MAV systems to reduce airborne infection risk.展开更多
A novel in-contact three-dimensional(3D)measuring device,called MultiCal,is proposed as a convenient,low-cost(less than US$5000),and robust facility for onsite kinematic calibration and online measurement of robot man...A novel in-contact three-dimensional(3D)measuring device,called MultiCal,is proposed as a convenient,low-cost(less than US$5000),and robust facility for onsite kinematic calibration and online measurement of robot manipulator accuracy.The device hasμm-level accuracy and can be easily embedded in robot cells.During the calibration procedure,the robot manipulator first moves automatically to multiple end-effector orientations with its tool center point(TCP)constrained on a fixed point by a 3D displacement measuring device(single point constraint),and the corresponding joint angles are recorded.Then,the measuring device is precisely mounted at different positions using a well-designed fixture,and the above measurement process is repeated to implement a multi-point constraint.The relative mounting positions are accurately measured and used as prior information to improve calibration accuracy and robustness.The results of theoretical analysis indicate that MultiCal reduces calibration accuracy by 10%to 20%in contrast to traditional non-contact 3D or six-dimensional(6D)measuring devices(such as laser trackers)when subject to the same level of artificial measurement noise.The results of a calibration experiment conducted on a Staubli TX90 robot show that MultiCal has only 7%to 14%lower calibration accuracy compared to a measuring arm with a laser scanner,and 21%to 30%lower time efficiency compared to a 6D binocular vision measuring system,yielding maximum and mean absolute position errors of 0.831 mm and 0.339 mm,respectively.展开更多
Self-engineered small-molecule prodrug-nanoassemblies have emerged as promising nanomedicines for cancer treatment.Modular design of prodrug molecules is crucial to guarantee the favorable assembly stability,tumor-spe...Self-engineered small-molecule prodrug-nanoassemblies have emerged as promising nanomedicines for cancer treatment.Modular design of prodrug molecules is crucial to guarantee the favorable assembly stability,tumor-specific prodrug activation,and satisfactory antitumor effect.However,too much attention has been paid to the pharmacophores and chemical linkages in prodrug molecules while neglects the vital roles of nonpharmacological moieties.Herein,we found that iso-carbon fatty acids with different number,position,and cis-trans configuration of double bonds dramatically affect the nanoassembly feature and drug delivery fates of thioether-linked paclitaxel prodrug-nanoassemblies.Particularly,the number and cis-trans configuration of double bonds in fatty acid moieties not only dominate the self-assembly ability and colloidal stability of prodrugs,but also exert significant influences on the pharmacokinetics,prodrug activation,and antitumor activity of prodrug-nanoassemblies.Finally,oleic acid with one cis double bond stands out as the optimal nonpharmacological moiety for thioether-linked paclitaxel prodrugnanoassemblies.This study elucidates the crucial roles of nonpharmacological moieties in prodrugs,and provides new insights into the modular design of prodrug-based nanomedicines for cancer therapy.展开更多
Indoor thermal comfort is essential as it improves living standards.Activity scenarios of personnel are in the process of a dynamic change.In most interior spaces with fixed working stations,people directly blown by c...Indoor thermal comfort is essential as it improves living standards.Activity scenarios of personnel are in the process of a dynamic change.In most interior spaces with fixed working stations,people directly blown by cold air have a poor thermal experience.Therefore,to meet the differentiated environmental demands,one challenge is to explore novel ventilation strategies to satisfy the changing environmental needs.An adaptive strategy,multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation(MAV),was designed to increase the adjustability of air distribution and better adapt to variable demands.A classroom was chosen as a representative model with multiple scenarios during its use.Simulations were conducted to verify the three-level control effect of MAV on improving the thermal environment.The results revealed that different vent solutions create different airflow patterns and thermal environments,which can be matched to the scenarios.The scale for ventilation efficiency No.4,which measured the influence scope of supply air,was used to evaluate the zoning division control in MAV.The space under the charge of a concerned MAV module showed a higher SVE4 than that at other zones.This implied that the zoning division can be effectively implemented.Thermal comfort measured using the air diffusion performance index,predicted mean vote,and draught rate showed that the application of MAV is better than that of the fixed MV mode,and the discomfort experienced when exposed to cold air can be avoided.It is believed that these results will help extend the research of adaptive ventilation strategies.展开更多
A 12-wk trial was conducted to compare the tolerance of tilapia to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets.Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets,whose carbohydrate and lipid levels were the following:35.0%and 8%(...A 12-wk trial was conducted to compare the tolerance of tilapia to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets.Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets,whose carbohydrate and lipid levels were the following:35.0%and 8%(control),44.2%and 4%(D1,high carbohydrate),and 25.8%and 12%(D2,high lipid),respectively.Three hundred tilapias(27±0.11 g)were fed the diets for 10 wk(4 replicates per group);72 fish from the D1 group were continually fed the D1(D1D1)and 72 fish from the D2 were continually fed the D2(D2D2)diet for 2 wk(3 replicates each group)to evaluate the tilapia's capacity to tolerate high carbohydrate and high lipid diets,respectively.Another 36 fish from D1 group were continually fed D2(D1D2)for comparison with D1D1 and D2D2 groups.In phase 1,hepatosomatic index,liver triglycerides(TG),glucose tolerance(GT)and crude protein in the whole body in D1 group were higher than those in D2 group(P<0.05).During phase 2,D1D1 group had lower feed intake and weight gain,as well as lower serum total protein and albumin than that of D2D2 group(P<0.05),while its liver glycogen was significantly higher than that in D1D2 and D2D2 groups(P<0.05).Moreover,serum glucose and GT were higher in D1D1 and D1D2 groups than those in D2D2 group(P<0.05).By contrast,D2D2 group had significantly higher intraperitoneal fat,subcutaneous adipose tissue(SCAT)and liver TG than those in D1D1 group(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of brain npy,hepatic nrf2,gst1 and hepatic transcriptomic data showed that immune-related genes(gama,mrc2,mhc2 and cd163),were downregulated in D1D1 group compared to D2D2 and D1D2 groups.Taken together:1)tilapia have higher tolerance to a high lipid diet than high carbohydrate diet;2)despite retention of glucose tolerance,the continuous feeding of D1 diet impaired tilapia's appetite,weight gain rate and host immune response;3)specific distri-bution of fat in intraperitoneal regions,SCAT and liver may be a risk-avoidance strategy in tilapia in response to a continuous D2 diet.展开更多
Erratum to Nano Research 2022,15(10):9092-9104 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4544-7 Figure 9 was unfortunately mistakenly typeset.This error did not affect any of the conclusions from the published paper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.31601175(to YL),81803508(to KZ),82074056(to JY)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China,No.20180550335(to YL)the Scientific Research Project of Educational Commission of Liaoning Province of China,No.201610163L22(to YL)。
文摘Adolescent binge drinking leads to long-lasting disorders of the adult central nervous system,particularly aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis.In this study,we applied in vivo fluorescent tracing using NestinCreERT2::Rosa26-tdTomato mice and analyzed the endogenous neurogenesis lineage progression of neural stem cells(NSCs)and dendritic spine formation of newborn neurons in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus.We found abnormal orientation of tamoxifen-induced tdTomato+(tdTom^(+))NSCs in adult mice 2 months after treatment with EtOH(5.0 g/kg,i.p.)for 7 consecutive days.EtOH markedly inhibited tdTom^(+)NSCs activation and hippocampal neurogenesis in mouse dentate gyrus from adolescence to adulthood.EtOH(100 mM)also significantly inhibited the proliferation to 39.2%and differentiation of primary NSCs in vitro.Adult mice exposed to EtOH also exhibited marked inhibitions in dendritic spine growth and newborn neuron maturation in the dentate gyrus,which was partially reversed by voluntary running or inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycinenhancer of zeste homolog 2 pathway.In vivo tracing revealed that EtOH induced abnormal orientation of tdTom+NSCs and spatial misposition defects of newborn neurons,thus causing the disturbance of hippocampal neurogenesis and dendritic spine remodeling in mice.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52076028).
文摘Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.
基金supported by the Jilin Province Higher Education TeachingReform Research Project Funding(Contract No.2020285O73B005E).
文摘In the existing power system with a large-scale hydrogen storage system,there are problems such as low efficiency of electric-hydrogen-electricity conversion and single modeling of the hydrogen storage system.In order to improve the hydrogen utilization rate of hydrogen storage system in the process of participating in the power grid operation,and speed up the process of electric-hydrogen-electricity conversion.This article provides a detailed introduction to the mathematical and electrical models of various components of the hydrogen storage unit,and also establishes a charging and discharging efficiency model that considers the temperature and internal gas partial pressure of the hydrogen storage unit.These models are of great significance for studying and optimizing gas storage technology.Through these models,the performance of gas storage units can be better understood and improved.These studies are very helpful for improving energy storage efficiency and sustainable development.The factors affecting the charge-discharge efficiency of hydrogen storage units are analyzed.By integrating the models of each unit and considering the capacity degradation of the hydrogen storage system,we can construct an efficiency model for a large hydrogen storage system and power conversion system.In addition,the simulation models of the hydrogen production system and hydrogen consumption system were established in MATLAB/Simulink.The accuracy and effectiveness of the simulation model were proved by comparing the output voltage variation curve of the simulation with the polarization curve of the typical hydrogen production system and hydrogen consumption system.The results show that the charge-discharge efficiency of the hydrogen storage unit increases with the increase of operating temperature,and H2 and O2 partial voltage have little influence on the charge-discharge efficiency.In the process of power conversion system converter rectification operation,its efficiency decreases with the increase of temperature,while in the process of inverter operation,power conversion system efficiency increases with the increase of temperature.Combined with the efficiency of each hydrogen storage unit and power conversion system converter,the upper limit of the capacity loss of different hydrogen storage units was set.The optimal charge-discharge efficiency of the hydrogen storage system was obtained by using the Cplex solver at 36.46%and 66.34%.
基金This work was supported in part by the Ministry National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2020AAA0108101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.62125101,62341101,62001018,and 62301011)+1 种基金Shandong Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2023YQ058)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.The authors would like to thank Mengyuan Lu and Zengrui Han for their help in the construction of electromagnetic space in Wireless InSite simulation platform and Weibo Wen,Qi Duan,and Yong Yu for their help in the construction of phys ical space in AirSim simulation platform.
文摘The sixth generation(6G)of mobile communication system is witnessing a new paradigm shift,i.e.,integrated sensing-communication system.A comprehensive dataset is a prerequisite for 6G integrated sensing-communication research.This paper develops a novel simulation dataset,named M3SC,for mixed multi-modal(MMM)sensing-communication integration,and the generation framework of the M3SC dataset is further given.To obtain multimodal sensory data in physical space and communication data in electromagnetic space,we utilize Air-Sim and WaveFarer to collect multi-modal sensory data and exploit Wireless InSite to collect communication data.Furthermore,the in-depth integration and precise alignment of AirSim,WaveFarer,andWireless InSite are achieved.The M3SC dataset covers various weather conditions,multiplex frequency bands,and different times of the day.Currently,the M3SC dataset contains 1500 snapshots,including 80 RGB images,160 depth maps,80 LiDAR point clouds,256 sets of mmWave waveforms with 8 radar point clouds,and 72 channel impulse response(CIR)matrices per snapshot,thus totaling 120,000 RGB images,240,000 depth maps,120,000 LiDAR point clouds,384,000 sets of mmWave waveforms with 12,000 radar point clouds,and 108,000 CIR matrices.The data processing result presents the multi-modal sensory information and communication channel statistical properties.Finally,the MMM sensing-communication application,which can be supported by the M3SC dataset,is discussed.
基金supported by the Gansu Science and Technology Fund (20JR5RA512)the Research Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education (20XJAZH006)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (31920220066)the Gansu Provincial Education Department:Outstanding Postgraduate Innovation Star Project (2023CXZX-196)the Leading Talents Project of State Ethnic Affairs Commission of China and the Innovation Team of Intelligent Computing and Dynamical System Analysis and Application of Northwest Minzu University。
文摘Regarding delay-induced predator-prey models, much research has been done on delayed destabilization, but whether delays are stabilizing or destabilizing is a subtle issue. In this study, we investigate predator-prey dynamics affected by both delays and the Allee effect. We analyze the consequences of delays in different feedback mechanisms. The existence of a Hopf bifurcation is studied, and we calculate the value of the delay that leads to the Hopf bifurcation. Furthermore, applying the normal form theory and a center manifold theorem, we consider the direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcation. Finally, we present numerical experiments that validate our theoretical analysis. Interestingly, depending on the chosen delay mechanism, we find that delays are not necessarily destabilizing. The Allee effect generally increases the stability of the equilibrium, and when the Allee effect involves a delay term, the stabilization effect is more pronounced.
基金financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81872816,81703451)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program,No XLYC1808017+2 种基金Key projects of Technology bureau in Shenyang,No18400408Key projects of Liaoning Province Department of Education,No.2017LZD03supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region。
文摘One of the major barriers in utilizing prodrug nanocarriers for cancer therapy is the slow release of parent drug in tumors.Tumor cells generally display the higher oxidative level than normal cells,and also displayed the heterogeneity in terms of redox homeostasis level.We previously found that the disulfide bond-linkage demonstrates surprising oxidationsensitivity to form the hydrophilic sulfoxide and sulphone groups.Herein,we develop oxidation-strengthened prodrug nanosystem loaded with pyropheophorbide a(PPa)to achieve light-activatable cascade drug release and enhance therapeutic efficacy.The disulfide bond-driven prodrug nanosystems not only respond to the redox-heterogeneity in tumor,but also respond to the exogenous oxidant(singlet oxygen)elicited by photosensitizers.Once the prodrug nanoparticles(NPs)are activated under irradiation,they would undergo an oxidative self-strengthened process,resulting in a facilitated drug cascade release.The IC50 value of the PPa@PTX-S-S NPs without irradiation was 2-fold higher than those of NPs plus irradiation.In vivo,the PPa@PTX prodrug NPs display prolonged systemic circulation and increased accumulation in tumor site.The PPa@PTXS-S NPs showed much higher efficiency than free PTX or the PPa@PTX-C-C NPs to suppress the growth of 4 T1 tumors.Therefore,this novel oxidation-strengthened disulfide-bridged prodrug-nanosystem has a great potential in the enhanced efficacy of cancer synergetic photochemotherapy.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 81573371)the key projects of Liaoning Province Department of Education (No. 2017LZD03)
文摘Although it is reported that the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid(HA)-based nanoparticles(NPs) is molecular weight(MW) dependent,the influence of HA MW on targeting efficiency of HA-functionalized NPs and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study,we constituted three HA-functionalized Dox-loaded NPs(Dox/HCVs) different HA MWs(7,63,and 102 k Da) and attempted to illustrate the effects of HA MW on the targeting efficiency.The three Dox/HCVs had similar physiochemical and pharmaceutical characteristics,but showed different affinity to CD44 receptor. Furthermore,Dox/HCV-63 exerted the best targeting effect and the highest cytotoxicity compared with Dox/HCV-7 and Dox/HCV-102. It was interesting to found that both the HA-CD44 binding affinity and induced CD44 clustering by HA-based NPs were HA MW-dependent,the two of which determine the apparent targeting efficacy of Dox/HCV NPs in the conflicting directions. Those results laid a good foundation for rationally designing HA-based NPs in cancer therapy.
基金supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China 2017M611268
文摘In the present paper, chiral mesoporous silica nano-cocoon(A-CMSN) functionalized with amino group was synthesized, and its loading and release of indomethacin(IMC), a poorly soluble drug, was studied. Due to the use of chiral anionic surfactants as a template, ACMSN possessed 2D hexagonal nano-cocoon morphology with curled channels on its surface, which was quite different from another 2D hexagonal mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MCM-41) with straightway channels. After being loaded into the two silica carriers by hydrogen bond, crystalline IMC converted to amorphous form, leading to the improved drug dissolution. And IMC loading capacity of A-CMSN was higher than MCM-41 because curled loading process originating from curvature chiral channels can hold more drug molecules. Compared with IMC, IMC loaded A-CMSN presented obviously fast release throughout the in vitro release experiment, while IMC loaded MCM-41 released faster than IMC at the initial 5 h then showed controlled slow release afterwards, which was closely related to the mesoporous silica nanoparticles and different channel mesostructures of these two carriers. A-CMSN possessed nano-cocoon morphology with curled 2D hexagonal channel and its channel length was shorter than MCM-41, therefore IMC molecules can easily get rid of the constraint of A-CMSN then to be surrounded by dissolution medium.
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 81703451)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2017M611269 and 2018T110233)
文摘Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system(SNEDDS) has emerged as a promising platform to improve oral absorption of drugs with poor solubility and low permeability. However,large polarity molecules with insufficient lipid solubility,such as paclitaxel(PTX),would suffer from inferior formulation of SNEDDS due to poor compatibility. Herein,phospholipid-drug complex(PLDC) and SNEDDS were integrated into one system to facilitate oral delivery of PTX. First,PTX was formulated into PLDC in response to its inferior physicochemical properties. Then,the prepared PLDC was further formulated into SNEDDS by integrating these two drug delivery technologies into one system(PLDC-SNEDDS). After PLDC-SNEDDS dispersed in aqueous medium,nanoemulsion was formed immediately with an average particle size of ~30 nm. Furthermore,the nanomulsion of PLDC-SNEDDS showed good colloidal stability in both HCl solution(0.1 mol/l,p H 1.0) and phosphate buffer solution(PBS,p H 6.8). In vivo,PTX-PLDC-SNEDDS showed distinct advantages in terms of oral absorption efficiency,with a3.42-fold and 2.13-fold higher bioavailability than PTX-PLDC and PTX solution,respectively.Our results suggest that the integration of PLDC into SNEDDS could be utilized to facilitate the oral delivery of hydrophobic drugs with large polarity.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21777111)。
文摘The use of fiber as a catalyst carrier to construct heterogeneous catalysts with good catalytic activity and recycling performance has received wide attention.In this study,three phenylboronic acid functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber(PANF)catalysts were synthesized by amination and quaternization.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry,scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to verify the successful grafting of phenylboronic acid and the structural integrity of the fiber catalyst after recycling.The activity of the catalysts was explored with the Friedel–Crafts alkylation between indole and aromatic aldehydes.The results indicate that the synthesized catalyst(PANp-BAF)in which the phenylboronic acid functional group was linked at the para position,exhibited the highest catalytic activity for the Friedel–Crafts alkylation.The substrate scope experiments confirmed that the catalyst has outstanding catalytic activity for most aromatic aldehydes,especially for those containing moderate electron donating groups.Moreover,the catalyst can be reused eight times in water without significant decrease in its catalytic activity.Further,the scale-up experiment confirmed that the fiber catalyst has a certain potential for industrial application.
基金supported by Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.:2021-MS-220).
文摘In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae(FP),qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study.First,the fingerprint of FP was developed by HPLC and the chemical markers were screened out by similarity analysis(SA),hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA),principal components analysis(PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Next,the chemical constituents in FP were profiled and identified by HPLC coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(HPLCFT-ICR MS).Then,the characteristic constituents in FP were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC.As a result,31 common peaks were assigned in the fingerprint and 6 of them were considered as qualitative markers.A total of 35 chemical constituents were detected by HPLC-FT-ICR MS and 16 of them were unambiguously identified by comparing retention time,UV absorption wavelength,accurate mass,and MS/MS data with those of reference standards.Subsequently,the contents of glycitin,genistin,tectoridin,glycitein,genistein,and tectorigenin in 13 batches of FP were detected,ranging from 0.4438 to 11.06 mg/g,0.955 to 1.726 mg/g,9.81 to 57.22 mg/g,3.349 to 41.60 mg/g,0.3576 to 0.989 mg/g,and 2.126 to 9.99 mg/g,respectively.In conclusion,fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics methods could discover chemical markers for improving the quality control standard of FP.It is expected that the strategy applied in this study will be valuable for further quality control of other traditional Chinese medicines.
基金Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(Project No.5226SX18000F)Science and Technology Project of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company(Project No.5226KY18002M).
文摘In gas insulation switch(GIS)substation,secondary devices such as linemonitoring devices are placed in the switching field,and these electronic devices are vulnerable to transient electromagnetic interference caused by switching operation.In order to facilitate the measurement and research of electromagnetic disturbance data under different working conditions,a simulation test device is developed in this paper,which can be used to simulate electromagnetic disturbance of GIS substation sensor and secondary device port under switch operation.A four-channel parallel gas switch was designed,and the main characteristic parameters of electromagnetic disturbance generated by the simulation device were measured by using high-frequency pulse power supply as the excitation source.The comparison between the measured waveform and the measured disturbance characteristic parameters of GIS substation shows that it is in good agreement with the measured waveform characteristics,conforms to the basic characteristics of damped oscillation wave,and can be used in the secondary equipment port disturbance voltage coupling characteristics,protection measures evaluation and assessment method research.
文摘Interference cancellation scheme without feedback is proposed for X channels with four antennas at each user. Space-time codeword with Alamouti structure is designed for each user. Codewords are combined according a certain rule. The unwanted codewords are cancelled by linear operation on the received signals. Then, multi-user interference is mitigated by the orthogonal property of the Alamouti code. Comparing with the existing scheme for the same scene, feedback information is not required in the proposed scheme. So the transmission efficiency is improved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.52078009]the special fund of Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control[No.BZ0344KF20-05]the joint research project of the Wind Engineering Research Center,Tokyo Polytechnic University(MEXT(Japan)Promotion of Distinctive Joint ResearchCenter Program)[No.JPMXP0619217840,No.JURC20202007].
文摘As infectious respiratory diseases are highly transmissible through the air,researchers have improved traditional total volume air distribution systems to reduce infection risk.Multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation(MAV)is a novel ventilation type that facilitates the switching of inlets and outlets to suit different indoor scenarios without changing ductwork layout.However,little research has evaluated MAV module sizing and air velocity selection,both related to MAV system efficiency in removing contaminants and the corresponding level of protection for occupants in the ventilated room.Therefore,the module-source offset ratio(MSOR)is proposed,based on the MAV module size and its distance from an infected occupant,to inform selection of optimal MAV module parameters.Computational fluid dynamics simulations illustrated contaminant distribution in a two-person MAV equipped office.Discrete phase particles modelled respiratory contaminants from the infected occupant,and contaminant concentration distributions were compared under four MAV air distribution layouts,three air velocities,and three module sizes considered using the MsOR.Results indicate that lower air velocities favour rising contaminant levels,provided the ventilation rate is met.Optimal contaminant discharge can be achieved when the line of outlets is located directly above the infected occupant.Using this parameter to guide MAV system design,85.7% of contaminants may be rendered harmless to the human body within 120 s using the default air vent layout.A more appropriate supply air velocity and air vent layout increases this value to 91.4%.These results are expected to inform the deployment of MAV systems to reduce airborne infection risk.
基金Project supported by the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2022C04030)the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2020YFB1313300 and 2018AAA0102703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61836015)。
文摘A novel in-contact three-dimensional(3D)measuring device,called MultiCal,is proposed as a convenient,low-cost(less than US$5000),and robust facility for onsite kinematic calibration and online measurement of robot manipulator accuracy.The device hasμm-level accuracy and can be easily embedded in robot cells.During the calibration procedure,the robot manipulator first moves automatically to multiple end-effector orientations with its tool center point(TCP)constrained on a fixed point by a 3D displacement measuring device(single point constraint),and the corresponding joint angles are recorded.Then,the measuring device is precisely mounted at different positions using a well-designed fixture,and the above measurement process is repeated to implement a multi-point constraint.The relative mounting positions are accurately measured and used as prior information to improve calibration accuracy and robustness.The results of theoretical analysis indicate that MultiCal reduces calibration accuracy by 10%to 20%in contrast to traditional non-contact 3D or six-dimensional(6D)measuring devices(such as laser trackers)when subject to the same level of artificial measurement noise.The results of a calibration experiment conducted on a Staubli TX90 robot show that MultiCal has only 7%to 14%lower calibration accuracy compared to a measuring arm with a laser scanner,and 21%to 30%lower time efficiency compared to a 6D binocular vision measuring system,yielding maximum and mean absolute position errors of 0.831 mm and 0.339 mm,respectively.
基金This work was financially supported by Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents Program(No.RC210452)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1907129)+1 种基金the Excellent Youth Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2020-YQ-06)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020M670794 and 2021MD703858).
文摘Self-engineered small-molecule prodrug-nanoassemblies have emerged as promising nanomedicines for cancer treatment.Modular design of prodrug molecules is crucial to guarantee the favorable assembly stability,tumor-specific prodrug activation,and satisfactory antitumor effect.However,too much attention has been paid to the pharmacophores and chemical linkages in prodrug molecules while neglects the vital roles of nonpharmacological moieties.Herein,we found that iso-carbon fatty acids with different number,position,and cis-trans configuration of double bonds dramatically affect the nanoassembly feature and drug delivery fates of thioether-linked paclitaxel prodrug-nanoassemblies.Particularly,the number and cis-trans configuration of double bonds in fatty acid moieties not only dominate the self-assembly ability and colloidal stability of prodrugs,but also exert significant influences on the pharmacokinetics,prodrug activation,and antitumor activity of prodrug-nanoassemblies.Finally,oleic acid with one cis double bond stands out as the optimal nonpharmacological moiety for thioether-linked paclitaxel prodrugnanoassemblies.This study elucidates the crucial roles of nonpharmacological moieties in prodrugs,and provides new insights into the modular design of prodrug-based nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52078009)the joint research project of the Wind Engineering Research Center,Tokyo Polytechnic University.(MEXT(Japan)Promotion of Distinctive Joint Research Center Program Grant Number:JPMXP0619217840,JURC Grant Number:20202007).
文摘Indoor thermal comfort is essential as it improves living standards.Activity scenarios of personnel are in the process of a dynamic change.In most interior spaces with fixed working stations,people directly blown by cold air have a poor thermal experience.Therefore,to meet the differentiated environmental demands,one challenge is to explore novel ventilation strategies to satisfy the changing environmental needs.An adaptive strategy,multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation(MAV),was designed to increase the adjustability of air distribution and better adapt to variable demands.A classroom was chosen as a representative model with multiple scenarios during its use.Simulations were conducted to verify the three-level control effect of MAV on improving the thermal environment.The results revealed that different vent solutions create different airflow patterns and thermal environments,which can be matched to the scenarios.The scale for ventilation efficiency No.4,which measured the influence scope of supply air,was used to evaluate the zoning division control in MAV.The space under the charge of a concerned MAV module showed a higher SVE4 than that at other zones.This implied that the zoning division can be effectively implemented.Thermal comfort measured using the air diffusion performance index,predicted mean vote,and draught rate showed that the application of MAV is better than that of the fixed MV mode,and the discomfort experienced when exposed to cold air can be avoided.It is believed that these results will help extend the research of adaptive ventilation strategies.
基金funded by National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0900400)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515110115).
文摘A 12-wk trial was conducted to compare the tolerance of tilapia to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets.Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets,whose carbohydrate and lipid levels were the following:35.0%and 8%(control),44.2%and 4%(D1,high carbohydrate),and 25.8%and 12%(D2,high lipid),respectively.Three hundred tilapias(27±0.11 g)were fed the diets for 10 wk(4 replicates per group);72 fish from the D1 group were continually fed the D1(D1D1)and 72 fish from the D2 were continually fed the D2(D2D2)diet for 2 wk(3 replicates each group)to evaluate the tilapia's capacity to tolerate high carbohydrate and high lipid diets,respectively.Another 36 fish from D1 group were continually fed D2(D1D2)for comparison with D1D1 and D2D2 groups.In phase 1,hepatosomatic index,liver triglycerides(TG),glucose tolerance(GT)and crude protein in the whole body in D1 group were higher than those in D2 group(P<0.05).During phase 2,D1D1 group had lower feed intake and weight gain,as well as lower serum total protein and albumin than that of D2D2 group(P<0.05),while its liver glycogen was significantly higher than that in D1D2 and D2D2 groups(P<0.05).Moreover,serum glucose and GT were higher in D1D1 and D1D2 groups than those in D2D2 group(P<0.05).By contrast,D2D2 group had significantly higher intraperitoneal fat,subcutaneous adipose tissue(SCAT)and liver TG than those in D1D1 group(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of brain npy,hepatic nrf2,gst1 and hepatic transcriptomic data showed that immune-related genes(gama,mrc2,mhc2 and cd163),were downregulated in D1D1 group compared to D2D2 and D1D2 groups.Taken together:1)tilapia have higher tolerance to a high lipid diet than high carbohydrate diet;2)despite retention of glucose tolerance,the continuous feeding of D1 diet impaired tilapia's appetite,weight gain rate and host immune response;3)specific distri-bution of fat in intraperitoneal regions,SCAT and liver may be a risk-avoidance strategy in tilapia in response to a continuous D2 diet.
文摘Erratum to Nano Research 2022,15(10):9092-9104 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4544-7 Figure 9 was unfortunately mistakenly typeset.This error did not affect any of the conclusions from the published paper.
