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Ethernet Implementation of Fault Tolerant Train Network for Entertainment and Mixed Control Traffic 被引量:1
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作者 Tarek K. Refaat Mai hassan +1 位作者 Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2013年第1期105-111,共7页
This paper studies the integration of the control system and entertainment on board of train wagons. Both the control and entertainment loads are implemented on top of Gigabit Ethernet, each with a dedicated controlle... This paper studies the integration of the control system and entertainment on board of train wagons. Both the control and entertainment loads are implemented on top of Gigabit Ethernet, each with a dedicated controller/server. The control load has mixed sampling periods. It is proven that this system can tolerate the failure of one controller in one wagon. In a two wagon scenario, fault tolerance at the controller level is studied, and simulation results show that the system can tolerate the failure of 3 controllers. The system is successful in meeting the packet end-to-end delay with zero packet loss in all OPNET simulated scenarios. The maximum permissible entertainment load is determined for the fault tolerant scenarios. 展开更多
关键词 ETHERNET Networked CONTROL SYSTEMS FAULT-TOLERANCE Railways Intelligent Transportation SYSTEMS WiFi
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Error Detection and Reconfigurationin Reliable Ethernet Train Networks
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作者 hassanein h. amer Magdi S. Moustafa +1 位作者 Mai hassan Ramez M. Daoud 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2011年第4期116-122,共7页
In this paper, a novel reconfiguration technique is developed in the context of a fault-tolerant Networked Control System (NCS) in two train wagons. All sensors, controllers and actuators in both wagons are connected ... In this paper, a novel reconfiguration technique is developed in the context of a fault-tolerant Networked Control System (NCS) in two train wagons. All sensors, controllers and actuators in both wagons are connected on top of a single Gigabit Ethernet network. The network also carries wired and wireless entertainment loads. A Markov model is used to prove that this reconfiguration technique reduces the effect of a failure in the error detection and switching mechanisms on the reliability of the control function. All calculations are based on closed-form solutions and verified using the SHARPE software package. 展开更多
关键词 FAULT-TOLERANCE GIGABIT ETHERNET MARKOV Model Train CONTROL Network Reliability COVERAGE Transportation Systems ETHERNET in CONTROL
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Reliable Train Network with Active Supervisor
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作者 Mai hassan Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2013年第3期214-219,共6页
In this paper, a new reliable hierarchical model is suggested for a two-wagon train Networked Control System. Each wagon has a Controller that carries the control load and an Entertainment server that handles the ente... In this paper, a new reliable hierarchical model is suggested for a two-wagon train Networked Control System. Each wagon has a Controller that carries the control load and an Entertainment server that handles the entertainment. A supervisory controller runs on top of the two controllers and the two entertainment servers. Contrary to a similar model in the literature, the Supervisory node replaces a Controller as soon as it fails (Active Supervisor). All system states are analyzed and simulated using OPNET. It is shown that, for all states, this architecture has zero control packets dropped and the end-to-end delay is below the maximum target delay. A comparison between this Active model and the other model in the literature is presented. It is found that the entertainment in this new architecture is kept available for the passengers in more of the system states when compared to the architecture previously presented in the literature. 展开更多
关键词 ETHERNET TRAIN NETWORKED Control Systems ACTIVE SUPERVISOR Hierarchical Architecture
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Performance of WSNs under the Effect of Collisions and Interference
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作者 Mark Onsy Ramy Salah +8 位作者 Michael Makar Ghada Badawi Ahmed Kenawy hassan h. halawa Tarek K. Refaat Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer hany M. ElSayed Magdy El Soudani 《Wireless Sensor Network》 2014年第6期93-103,共11页
This paper proposes a methodology for calculating the energy consumed by a Wireless Sensor Network as well as its throughput under the effect of a jamming node modelling interference to account for collisions and retr... This paper proposes a methodology for calculating the energy consumed by a Wireless Sensor Network as well as its throughput under the effect of a jamming node modelling interference to account for collisions and retransmissions. Accordingly, the proposed methodology takes into consideration retransmissions and data dropped due to interference and collisions simultaneously. Simulations are conducted using OPNET to model various scenarios utilizing off-the-shelf wireless communication standards, namely ZigBee, Wi-Fi and Low Power Wi-Fi. A figure of merit is developed to offer more representative results for applications with different requirements. In achieving different requirements for a given application, there is a clear trade-off between energy consumption and throughput. 展开更多
关键词 WSN COLLISIONS INTERFERENCE GOODPUT IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.15.4 Low Power Wi-Fi ZigBee Energy CONSUMPTION
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On the Performability of Hierarchical Wireless Networked Control Systems
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作者 Esraa A. Makled hassan h. halawa +2 位作者 Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer Tarek K. Refaat 《Intelligent Control and Automation》 2015年第2期126-133,共8页
This paper investigates the performability of hierarchical Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS). The WNCS studied can operate in two modes: passive supervisor and active supervisor. It is first shown that the Mar... This paper investigates the performability of hierarchical Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS). The WNCS studied can operate in two modes: passive supervisor and active supervisor. It is first shown that the Markov models for both modes are identical. Performability models are then developed and a case study shows how to use these models to help make design decisions. More specifically, it is observed that the performability of a passive supervisor system increases in time while that of an active supervisor system decreases in time. 展开更多
关键词 PERFORMABILITY CTMC FAULT-TOLERANCE WIRELESS NETWORKED Control Systems HIERARCHICAL Networks IEEE 802.11
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Wireless Fault-Tolerant Controllers in Cascaded Industrial Workcells Using Wi-Fi and Ethernet
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作者 Tarek K. Refaat Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer 《Intelligent Control and Automation》 2013年第4期349-355,共7页
A Wireless Networked Control System using 802.11b is used to model fault-tolerance at the controller level of an industrial workcell. The fault-tolerance study in this paper presents the cascading of two independent w... A Wireless Networked Control System using 802.11b is used to model fault-tolerance at the controller level of an industrial workcell. The fault-tolerance study in this paper presents the cascading of two independent workcells where each controller must be able to handle the load of both cells in case of failure of the other one. The intercommunication is completely wireless between the cells and this feature is investigated. The model incorporates unmodified 802.11b and 802.11g for communication. Sensors send sampled data to both controllers and the controllers to exchange a watchdog. The fault-free and faulty models are both simulated using OPNET Network Modeler. External interference on the critical intercommunication link is also investigated. Results of simulations are presented based on a 95% confidence analysis, guaranteeing correct system performance. 展开更多
关键词 Fault Tolerance NETWORKED Control Systems (NCS) INDUSTRIAL Informatics WI-FI ETHERNET
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Multi-Node Fault-Tolerant Two-Cell Real-Time S2A Network
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作者 Merna N. Abou Eita Mostafa W. hussein +7 位作者 Ahmed A. Ibrahim Shereen S. Abouelazayem Mennatallah A. Morsi Eslam A. Moustafa hassan h. halawa Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer hany M. ElSayed 《Intelligent Control and Automation》 2016年第2期25-38,共14页
This paper presents a novel fault-tolerant networked control system architecture consisting of two cells working in-line. This architecture is fault-tolerant at the level of the controllers as well as the sensors. Eac... This paper presents a novel fault-tolerant networked control system architecture consisting of two cells working in-line. This architecture is fault-tolerant at the level of the controllers as well as the sensors. Each cell is based on the sensor-to-actuator approach and has an additional supervisor node. It is proven, via analysis as well as OMNeT++ simulations that the production line succeeds in meeting all control system requirements with no dropped or over-delayed packets. A reliability analysis is then undertaken to quantitatively estimate the increase in reliability due to the introduction of fault-tolerance. 展开更多
关键词 FAULT-TOLERANCE NCS S2A IN-LINE TMR Ethernet OMNET++ Reliability
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Wi-Fi Traffic Enforcement System (WiTE)
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作者 Fady W. Gendi Tarek K. Refaat +5 位作者 Amir h. Sadek Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer Chahir S. Fahmy Omar M. Kassem hany M. ElSayed 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2013年第2期142-148,共7页
This paper proposes a single integrated traffic enforcement system that is able to recognize and report various traffic violations. It consists of a Wi-Fi infrastructure that enables communication between moving vehic... This paper proposes a single integrated traffic enforcement system that is able to recognize and report various traffic violations. It consists of a Wi-Fi infrastructure that enables communication between moving vehicles and a central node. Unlike existing solutions, which address single violations, the proposed model encompasses several issues like exceeding speed limits, entering a no entry street, car theft, congestion and tolling. OPNET simulations were run to test the Wi-Fi model and define its different characteristics and limitations. A proof-of-concept case was modeled, and the proposed architecture succeeded in meeting all design requirements. 展开更多
关键词 WI-FI TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT Vehicular NETWORKING VEHICLE to INFRASTRUCTURE (V2I) INFRASTRUCTURE to VEHICLE (I2V)
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A Robust Multi-RAT VANET/LTE for Mixed Control &Entertainment Traffic
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作者 Noha M. Sadek hassan h. halawa +1 位作者 Ramez M. Daoud hassanein h. amer 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2015年第2期113-121,共9页
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have been receiving significant interest from various stakeholders worldwide. ITS promise major enhancements to the efficiency, safety, convenience and sustainability of transp... Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have been receiving significant interest from various stakeholders worldwide. ITS promise major enhancements to the efficiency, safety, convenience and sustainability of transportation systems. To satisfy the diverse vehicular application requirements, this paper proposes an integration of IEEE 802.11-based VANET and LTE cellular network using mobile vehicular gateways. IEEE 802.11 g is used for V2V communications and LTE for V2I communications. A burst communication technique is applied to prevent packet losses in the critical uplink ITS traffic. A performance simulation-based study is conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed system in an urban vehicular environment. The system performance is evaluated in terms of data loss, data rate, delay and jitter. The results indicate that the proposed Multi-RAT system offers acceptable performance that meets the requirements of the different vehicular applications. 展开更多
关键词 Heterogeneous NETWORKS Intelligent TRANSPORTATION Systems Vehicular NETWORKS VANET LTE Wi-Fi
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WiMAX Fault-Tolerant Network for Traffic Management
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作者 M. A. EI-Dakroury Abdel halim Zekry +1 位作者 hassanein h. amer Ramez M. Daoud 《通讯和计算机(中英文版)》 2012年第8期949-959,共11页
关键词 WIMAX 网络流量管理 容错 性能退化 数据传输速率 数据包丢失 通信系统 技术开发
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Logic Picture-Based Dynamic Power Estimation for Unit Gate-Delay Model CMOS Circuits
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作者 Omnia S. Ahmed Mohamed F. Abu-Elyazeed +2 位作者 Mohamed B. Abdelhalim hassanein h. amer Ahmed h. Madian 《Circuits and Systems》 2013年第3期276-279,共4页
In this research, a fast methodology to calculate the exact value of the average dynamic power consumption for CMOS combinational logic circuits is developed. The delay model used is the unit-delay model where all gat... In this research, a fast methodology to calculate the exact value of the average dynamic power consumption for CMOS combinational logic circuits is developed. The delay model used is the unit-delay model where all gates have the same propagation delay. The main advantages of this method over other techniques are its accuracy, as it is deterministic and it requires less computational effort compared to exhaustive simulation approaches. The methodology uses the Logic Pictures concept for obtaining the nodes’ toggle rates. The proposed method is applied to well-known circuits and the results are compared to exhaustive simulation and Monte Carlosimulation methods. 展开更多
关键词 Dynamic Power ESTIMATION LOGIC PICTURES CMOS Digital LOGIC Circuits TOGGLE Rate Unit-Delay Model
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Current Mode Logic Testing of XOR/XNOR Circuit: A Case Study
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作者 Mona M. Fouad hassanein h. amer +1 位作者 Ahmed h. Madian Mohamed B. Abdelhalim 《Circuits and Systems》 2013年第4期364-368,共5页
This paper investigates the issue of testing Current Mode Logic (CML) gates. A three-bit parity checker is used as a case study. It is first shown that, as expected, the stuck-at fault model is not appropriate for tes... This paper investigates the issue of testing Current Mode Logic (CML) gates. A three-bit parity checker is used as a case study. It is first shown that, as expected, the stuck-at fault model is not appropriate for testing CML gates. It is then proved that switching the order in which inputs are applied to a gate will affect the minimum test set;this is not the case in conventional voltage mode gates. Both the circuit output and its inverse have to be monitored to reduce the size of the test set. 展开更多
关键词 CURRENT Mode LOGIC (CML) CMOS Testing Stuck-At FAULTS
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