Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder with steadily increasing incidence rates worldwide,especially in the West.There are no drugs available at present to treat NAFLD,and the...Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder with steadily increasing incidence rates worldwide,especially in the West.There are no drugs available at present to treat NAFLD,and the primary therapeutic options include weight loss and the combination of healthy diet and exercise.Therefore,novel interventions are required that can target the underlying risk factors.Gut microbiota is an“invisible organ”of the human body and vital for normal metabolism and immuno-modulation.The number and diversity of microbes differ across the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus,and is most abundant in the intestine.Since dysregulated gut microbiota is an underlying pathological factor of NAFLD,it is a viable therapeutic target that can be modulated by antibiotics,probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,fecal microbiota transplantation,and microbial metabolites.In this review,we summarize the most recent advances in gut microbiota-targeted therapies against NAFLD in clinical and experimental studies,and critically evaluate novel targets and strategies for treating NAFLD.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effects of oxcarbazepine on immune function, thyroid function and related factors in epilepsy patients. Method: 90 patients with epilepsy who visited our hospital from January 2015 to May...Objective: To investigate the effects of oxcarbazepine on immune function, thyroid function and related factors in epilepsy patients. Method: 90 patients with epilepsy who visited our hospital from January 2015 to May 2018 were selected as the observation group and 90 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. All patients in the observation group were treated with oxcarbazepine alone. T lymphocyte subsets, IgA, IgG, IgM, T3, T4, FT3, FT4, TSH, hs-CRP and Hcy in observation group were detected before treatment, 3 months after treatment and 6 months after treatment. The results were compared with those of the control group. Results: The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the control group were (65.25±9.51)% and (43.29±6.74)% respectively, which were higher than those in the observation group (P<0.05). The levels of CD8+, IgA and IgG in the control group were (22.40±6.41)%, (2.22±0.51) g/L, (9.99±1.28) g/L respectively, which were lower than those in the observation group (P<0.05). The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the observation group after 3 months and 6 months of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of CD8+, IgA and IgG in the observation group after 3 months and 6 months of treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of IgM between the observation group and the control group at each time point (P>0.05). The levels of thyroid hormones in the observation group before treatment and 3 months after treatment were not significantly different from those in the control group (P>0.05). The FT4 of the observation group was (14.98±1.03) pmol/L 6 months after treatment, which was significantly lower than that of the control group before treatment and 3 months after treatment (P<0.05). The levels of T3, T4, FT3 and TSH at each time point in the observation group were not significantly different from those in the control group (P>0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in hs-CRP and Hcy levels between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group were (4.82±0.67) mg/L and (13.36±1.51) umol/L respectively after 3 months of treatment. The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group after 3 months of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment and in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group were (4.99±0.47) mg/L and (16.83±1.94) umol/L respectively after 6 months of treatment. The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after 3 months of treatment and before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Oxcarbazepine can effectively improve the immune function of epilepsy patients, but with the prolongation of medication time, it may have adverse effects on thyroid function, hs-CRP and Hcy.展开更多
Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a highly potential strategy to massively produce green hydrogen fuels.However,the employment of costly Pt-based electrocatalyst in the cathode of electrolyzer greatl...Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a highly potential strategy to massively produce green hydrogen fuels.However,the employment of costly Pt-based electrocatalyst in the cathode of electrolyzer greatly hampers the development of hydrogen economy.Ruthenium phosphide catalysts have recently drawn wide attention due to the Pt-like activity but relatively lower cost.Herein,a facile strategy was proposed for the controlled preparation of the ultrasmall RuP_(2) nanoparticles on N,P-codoped carbon from common precursors of Ru(Ⅱ)complex and phytic acid.By taking advantage of simple mixing and pyrolysis,the as-synthesized RuP_(2) nanoparticles were uniformly embedded onto the N,P-codoped carbon nanosheet.The composite catalyst shows better activity than Pt/C for alkaline HER and comparable activity for acidic and neutral HER.The superior activity can be ascribed to the ultrasmall-size and efficient RuP_(2) together with good mass and charge transfer ability assured by N,P-codoped carbon support.The advantages including low-cost and simple synthesis in this work present an encouraging substitute to replace commercial Pt/C for hydrogen-related practical applications.展开更多
Objective: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disease characterized by irregular menstruation and results in infertility which markedly affects the reproductive health of women. TheSalvia miltiorrhiza-Codonopsis pil...Objective: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disease characterized by irregular menstruation and results in infertility which markedly affects the reproductive health of women. TheSalvia miltiorrhiza-Codonopsis pilosula drug pair is effective at treating POF;however, knowledge of the mechanisms ofS. miltiorrhiza-C. pilosula in the treatment of POF is lacking. Thus, we carried out network pharmacology and molecular docking to clarify the mechanisms of this drug pair.Methods: The core components and targets ofS. miltiorrhiza-C. pilosula were obtained using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database and UniProt database, and the disease targets related to POF were searched using different tools to obtain the overlapping target genes ofS. miltiorrhiza andC. pilosula. A protein interaction network of the intersection target was constructed using STRING database, and the network of "traditional Chinese medicine-active ingredient-intersection target-disease" and "pathways-targets" was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.0. The DAVID online tool was also used to determine the gene ontology functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways associated with the intersection target genes. Finally, the binding ability of the drug to the active components and potential targets were predicted using molecular docking.Results: S. miltiorrhizae-C. pilosula had 72 active components, 128 targets, 3,775 POF targets, and 106 common targets. The potential targets were mainly related to the biological processes of DNA-binding transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding, transcription factor activity, steroid receptor activity, and hypoxia response. Further, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment pathways included PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, apoptosis, interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, and other biological pathways.Conclusion(s): S. miltiorrhiza-C. pilosula can inhibit ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis and improve ovarian hemodynamics through multiple targets and multiple pathways and help treat POF.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangzhou General Science and Technology Project of Health and Family Planning,No.20191A011001Guangzhou Planned Project of Science and Technology,No.201904010132.
文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder with steadily increasing incidence rates worldwide,especially in the West.There are no drugs available at present to treat NAFLD,and the primary therapeutic options include weight loss and the combination of healthy diet and exercise.Therefore,novel interventions are required that can target the underlying risk factors.Gut microbiota is an“invisible organ”of the human body and vital for normal metabolism and immuno-modulation.The number and diversity of microbes differ across the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus,and is most abundant in the intestine.Since dysregulated gut microbiota is an underlying pathological factor of NAFLD,it is a viable therapeutic target that can be modulated by antibiotics,probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,fecal microbiota transplantation,and microbial metabolites.In this review,we summarize the most recent advances in gut microbiota-targeted therapies against NAFLD in clinical and experimental studies,and critically evaluate novel targets and strategies for treating NAFLD.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of oxcarbazepine on immune function, thyroid function and related factors in epilepsy patients. Method: 90 patients with epilepsy who visited our hospital from January 2015 to May 2018 were selected as the observation group and 90 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. All patients in the observation group were treated with oxcarbazepine alone. T lymphocyte subsets, IgA, IgG, IgM, T3, T4, FT3, FT4, TSH, hs-CRP and Hcy in observation group were detected before treatment, 3 months after treatment and 6 months after treatment. The results were compared with those of the control group. Results: The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the control group were (65.25±9.51)% and (43.29±6.74)% respectively, which were higher than those in the observation group (P<0.05). The levels of CD8+, IgA and IgG in the control group were (22.40±6.41)%, (2.22±0.51) g/L, (9.99±1.28) g/L respectively, which were lower than those in the observation group (P<0.05). The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in the observation group after 3 months and 6 months of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of CD8+, IgA and IgG in the observation group after 3 months and 6 months of treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of IgM between the observation group and the control group at each time point (P>0.05). The levels of thyroid hormones in the observation group before treatment and 3 months after treatment were not significantly different from those in the control group (P>0.05). The FT4 of the observation group was (14.98±1.03) pmol/L 6 months after treatment, which was significantly lower than that of the control group before treatment and 3 months after treatment (P<0.05). The levels of T3, T4, FT3 and TSH at each time point in the observation group were not significantly different from those in the control group (P>0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in hs-CRP and Hcy levels between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group were (4.82±0.67) mg/L and (13.36±1.51) umol/L respectively after 3 months of treatment. The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group after 3 months of treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment and in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group were (4.99±0.47) mg/L and (16.83±1.94) umol/L respectively after 6 months of treatment. The levels of hs-CRP and Hcy in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after 3 months of treatment and before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Oxcarbazepine can effectively improve the immune function of epilepsy patients, but with the prolongation of medication time, it may have adverse effects on thyroid function, hs-CRP and Hcy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21601078)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2016BQ21 and ZR2019MB064)+2 种基金Development Project of Youth Innovation Team in Shandong Colleges and Universities(No.2019KJC031)Doctoral Fund of Shandong Province(No.K19LB1201)Doctoral Program of Liaocheng University(No.318051608)。
文摘Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a highly potential strategy to massively produce green hydrogen fuels.However,the employment of costly Pt-based electrocatalyst in the cathode of electrolyzer greatly hampers the development of hydrogen economy.Ruthenium phosphide catalysts have recently drawn wide attention due to the Pt-like activity but relatively lower cost.Herein,a facile strategy was proposed for the controlled preparation of the ultrasmall RuP_(2) nanoparticles on N,P-codoped carbon from common precursors of Ru(Ⅱ)complex and phytic acid.By taking advantage of simple mixing and pyrolysis,the as-synthesized RuP_(2) nanoparticles were uniformly embedded onto the N,P-codoped carbon nanosheet.The composite catalyst shows better activity than Pt/C for alkaline HER and comparable activity for acidic and neutral HER.The superior activity can be ascribed to the ultrasmall-size and efficient RuP_(2) together with good mass and charge transfer ability assured by N,P-codoped carbon support.The advantages including low-cost and simple synthesis in this work present an encouraging substitute to replace commercial Pt/C for hydrogen-related practical applications.
基金This work was supported by the second construction project of National Traditional Chinese Medicine Academic Schools Inheritance Studio of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine"Zhu's Gynecology School Inheritance Studio"Clinical Medicine Project of Shanghai"Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan",China(19401971300)Graduate Student Innovation Ability Project of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Y2021017).
文摘Objective: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disease characterized by irregular menstruation and results in infertility which markedly affects the reproductive health of women. TheSalvia miltiorrhiza-Codonopsis pilosula drug pair is effective at treating POF;however, knowledge of the mechanisms ofS. miltiorrhiza-C. pilosula in the treatment of POF is lacking. Thus, we carried out network pharmacology and molecular docking to clarify the mechanisms of this drug pair.Methods: The core components and targets ofS. miltiorrhiza-C. pilosula were obtained using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database and UniProt database, and the disease targets related to POF were searched using different tools to obtain the overlapping target genes ofS. miltiorrhiza andC. pilosula. A protein interaction network of the intersection target was constructed using STRING database, and the network of "traditional Chinese medicine-active ingredient-intersection target-disease" and "pathways-targets" was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.0. The DAVID online tool was also used to determine the gene ontology functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways associated with the intersection target genes. Finally, the binding ability of the drug to the active components and potential targets were predicted using molecular docking.Results: S. miltiorrhizae-C. pilosula had 72 active components, 128 targets, 3,775 POF targets, and 106 common targets. The potential targets were mainly related to the biological processes of DNA-binding transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding, transcription factor activity, steroid receptor activity, and hypoxia response. Further, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment pathways included PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, apoptosis, interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, and other biological pathways.Conclusion(s): S. miltiorrhiza-C. pilosula can inhibit ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis and improve ovarian hemodynamics through multiple targets and multiple pathways and help treat POF.
