This paper presents an overview of the QUARKS survey,which stands for Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures."The QUARKS survey is observing139 m...This paper presents an overview of the QUARKS survey,which stands for Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures."The QUARKS survey is observing139 massive clumps covered by 156 pointings at Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA)Band 6(λ~1.3 mm).In conjunction with data obtained from the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3(λ~3 mm),QUARKS aims to carry out an unbiased statistical investigation of massive star formation process within protoclusters down to a scale of 1000 au.This overview paper describes the observations and data reduction of the QUARKS survey,and gives a first look at an exemplar source,the mini-starburst Sgr B2(M).The wide-b and width(7.5 GHz)and high-angular-resolution(~0."3)observations of the QUARKS survey allow for the resolution of much more compact cores than those could be done by the ATOMS survey,and to detect previously unrevealed fainter filamentary structures.The spectral windows cover transitions of species including CO,SO,N_(2)D^(+),SiO,H_(30)α,H_(2)CO,CH_(3)CN,and many other complex organic molecules,tracing gas components with different temperatures and spatial extents.QUARKS aims to deepen our understanding of several scientific topics of massive star formation,such as the mass transport within protoclusters by(hub-)filamentary structures,the existence of massive starless cores,the physical and chemical properties of dense cores within protoclusters,and the feedback from already formed high-mass young protostars.展开更多
To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the ...To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data sample.The sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 pc.We observeσ∝L^(0.26)andρ∝L^(-1.54)scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass(α_(vir)-M)distribution is seen across all density scales,withα_(vir)values centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple scales.Our turbulent energy spectrum(E(k))analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E(k)∝k^(-1.52).These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.展开更多
BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβcell dysfunction is a fundamental aspect of the pathology underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has emerged as a new therapeuti...BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβcell dysfunction is a fundamental aspect of the pathology underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has emerged as a new therapeutic method due to its ability to promote the regeneration of pancreaticβcells.However,current studies have focused on its efficacy,and there are few clinical studies on its safety.AIM To evaluate the safety of human umbilical cord(hUC)-MSC infusion in T2DM treatment.METHODS An open-label and randomized phase 2 clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety of hUC-MSC transplantation in T2DM in a Class A hospital.Ten patients in the placebo group received acellular saline intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Twenty-four patients in the hUC-MSC group received hUC-MSCs(1×106 cells/kg)intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Diabetic clinical symptoms and signs,laboratory findings,and imaging findings were evaluated weekly for the 1st mo and then at weeks 12 and 24 post-treatment.RESULTS No serious adverse events were observed during the 24-wk follow-up.Four patients(16.7%)in the hUC-MSC group experienced transient fever,which occurred within 24 h after the second or third infusion;this did not occur in any patients in the placebo group.One patient from the hUC-MSC group experienced hypoglycemic attacks within 1 mo after transplantation.Significantly lower lymphocyte levels(weeks 2 and 3)and thrombin coagulation time(week 2)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).Significantly higher platelet levels(week 3),immunoglobulin levels(weeks 1,2,3,and 4),fibrinogen levels(weeks 2 and 3),D-dimer levels(weeks 1,2,3,4,12,and 24),and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios(weeks 2 and 3)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups for tumor markers(alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and carbohydrate antigen 199)or blood fat.No liver damage or other side effects were observed on chest X-ray.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that hUC-MSC transplantation has good tolerance and high safety in the treatment of T2DM.It can improve human immunity and inhibit lymphocytes.Coagulation function should be monitored vigilantly for abnormalities.展开更多
The main colors of the Forbidden City are Red and Yellow,which can represent rich cultural deposits.According to the Chinese traditional culture,the Red of the Forbidden City has always been regarded as a positive col...The main colors of the Forbidden City are Red and Yellow,which can represent rich cultural deposits.According to the Chinese traditional culture,the Red of the Forbidden City has always been regarded as a positive color of celebration,conveying dignity and happiness.The Yellow color is usually considered as a promising color,and represents a bumper harvest.Based on the principle of the Five Elements,Fire is red,which means breeding and encouragement,and shows prosperity and a solid foundation for the country.Yellow represents Winged Dragon,belonging to the Center of the Earth,and symbolizes the divine right of emperors.Therefore,the color of the Forbidden City(see Figure 1)is of great significance to the development of history and the revival of culture.We still need to work determinedly for the protection of the cultural heritages,so that more people can have the opportunity to understand the brilliance of Chinese civilization.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the role of T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).METHODS: We enrolled 79 patients with HBV infection into ...AIM: To investigate the role of T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).METHODS: We enrolled 79 patients with HBV infection into the study, 50 patients with HBV-related ACLF and 29 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), from the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College from January 2009 to June 2012. The ACLF patients were diagnosed according to the criteria recommended by The 19th Conference of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver in 2009. Twenty healthy individuals with a similar gender and age structures to the two patient groups were also included as the normal controls (NC). Of the 50 ACLF patients, 28 were subsequently classified as non-survivors: 19 patients died from multiorgan failure, 3 underwent liver transplantation, and 6 discontinued therapy during follow-up because of financial reasons. The remaining 22 ACLF patients whose liver and anticoagulation function recovered to nearly normal levels within the next 6 mo were classified as survivors. The number of circulating Treg and Th17 cells was determined upon diagnosis and during the 8th week of follow-up through flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of circulating Treg cells in the ACLF group was significantly higher than that in the CHB group (5.50% ± 1.15% vs 3.30% ± 1.13%, P < 0.01). The percentages of circulating Th17 cells in the ACLF and the CHB groups were significantly higher than that in the NC group (6.32% ± 2.22% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01; 3.53% ± 1.65% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01). No significant difference in Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio was observed between the ACLF group and the CHB group (0.98 ± 0.44 vs 1.12 ± 0.64, P = 0.991), whereas those in the two HBV infection groups were significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.85 ± 1.22; both P < 0.01). The percentage of Treg cells in the survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during peak ACLF severity [total bilirubin (TBIL) peak] (3.45% ± 0.97% vs 5.18% ± 1.02%, P < 0.01). The percentage of Th17 cells in survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during the peak TBIL (2.89% ±0.60% vs 5.24% ± 1.46%; P < 0.01). The Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the 8 th week of follow-up was significantly higher than that during the TBIL peak (1.22 ± 0.36 vs 1.10 ± 0.54; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Restoring the Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the follow-up phase of ACLF could maintain the immune system at a steady state, which favours good prognosis.展开更多
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.nucleatum) is a Gramnegative obligate anaerobe bacterium in the oral cavity and plays a role in several oral diseases, including periodontitis and gingivitis. Recently, several studies have ...Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.nucleatum) is a Gramnegative obligate anaerobe bacterium in the oral cavity and plays a role in several oral diseases, including periodontitis and gingivitis. Recently, several studies have reported that the level of F.nucleatum is significantly elevated in human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas compared to that in adjacent normal tissue. Several researchers have also demonstrated that F.nucleatum is obviously associated with colorectal cancer and promotes the development of colorectal neoplasms. In this review, we have summarized the recent reports on F.nucleatum and its role in colorectal cancer and have highlighted the methods of detecting F.nucleatum in colorectal cancer, the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis, immunity status, and colorectal cancer prevention strategies that target F.nucleatum.展开更多
Objective:To study the regulating effect of HSP70 inhibitor(PES) combined with cisplatin on cervical cancer proliferation in vitro and transplanted tumor growth.Methods:Cervical cancer Hela cell lines were cultured an...Objective:To study the regulating effect of HSP70 inhibitor(PES) combined with cisplatin on cervical cancer proliferation in vitro and transplanted tumor growth.Methods:Cervical cancer Hela cell lines were cultured and divided into control group,cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group that were treated with serum-free DMEM,cisplatin with final concentration of 10 μmol/L,PES 20 μmol/L and cisplatin 10 μmol/L combined with PES with 20 μmol/L,respectively;animal models with cervical cancer xenografts were established and divided into control group,cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group who received intra-tumor injection of normal saline,10 μmol/L cisplatin,20 μmol/L PES as well as 10 μmol/L cisplatin+20 μmol/L PES,respectively.Cell proliferation activity,transplanted tumor volume and mitochondria apoptosis molecule expression were detected.Results:Cell viability value and Bcl-2 mRNA expression in cells of cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bax,Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA expression in cells were significantly higher than those of control group;transplanted tumor volume and the Bcl-2 mRNA expression in transplanted tumor tissue of cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bax,Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 m RNA expression in transplanted tumor tissue were significantly higher than those of control group.Conclusions:HSP70 inhibitor combined with cislatin can inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation in vitro and transplanted tumor growth through mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.展开更多
The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing in China,with high mortality.Here,we aimed to evaluate the latest clinicopathological features and prognostic value of the KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutation status in CRC pat...The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing in China,with high mortality.Here,we aimed to evaluate the latest clinicopathological features and prognostic value of the KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutation status in CRC patients in Central China.The clinical data of 1549 CRC patients with stage I-IV disease diagnosed at Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 2015 to 2017 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)in 410 CRC patients,with mutation frequencies of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF of 47.56%,2.93%and 4.15%,respectively.The gene mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics of 410 patients with CRC who underwent qPCR were analyzed.The KRAS and BRAF gene mutations were related to the pathological differentiation and number of metastatic lymph nodes.The BRAF gene mutation was also associated with cancer thrombosis in blood vessels.Cox regression analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival(OS)between patients with KRAS,NRAS mutants and wild-type CRC patients,while the BRAF gene mutation was negatively correlated with the OS rate of CRC patients.It is suggested that the BRAF gene mutation may be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of CRC.展开更多
Objective:To explore the expression,biological function and possible mechanism of action of microRNA molecular-196a(miR-196a) in epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect the expression quantities of...Objective:To explore the expression,biological function and possible mechanism of action of microRNA molecular-196a(miR-196a) in epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect the expression quantities of epithelial ovarian tissue,benign ovarian tissue,normal ovary epithelial tissue,ovarian cancer cell lines and miR-196 a in normal ovarian epithelial cells to analyze the relationship between the expression of miR-196 a and the clinical pathologic parameters of ovarian cancer.Among those cell lines,the cell line of which miR-196 a expressed the most or least was selected and transfected the ovarian cancer cell line by using negative control plasma and miR-196 a inhibitor.After transfection,RT-PCR was used to test the expression quantity of miR-196 a,Transwell chamber method was applied to determine the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian carcinoma cells and Western blot was employed to detect the expression of HOXA10 protein.Results:The relative expression quantities of miR-196 a in ovarian cancer tissue and benign ovarian tissue were significantly higher than that in normal ovarian epithelial tissue,and the expression quantity of miR-196 a in ovarian cancer tissue was distinctively higher than that in benign ovarian tissue(P < 0.05).Among 78 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer,the expression quantities of miR-196 a in patients with low differentiation were all significantly higher than those in patients with high differentiation(P< 0.05).The expression of miR-196 a showed no significant relation with age,clinical stage and whether CA125 was positive or not in patients(P > 0.05).Compared with normal ovarian epithelial cell line IOSE80,the expression quantities of miR-196 a of all ovarian cancer cell lines increased obviously and differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Among them,the expression of miR-196 a of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was the highest,while it decreased significantly(4.678 ± 0.785 vs.2.131 ± 0.345,t = 2.938,P < 0.05) after the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was transfected by miR-196 a inhibitor.The results of Transwell chamber method showed that the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3 were declined significantly after the expression of miR-196 a was down-regulated and the difference showed statistical significance(P < 0.05).The results of Western blot revealed that the relative expression of HOXA10 decreased distinctly after the expression of miR-196 a was down-regulated and also the difference showed statistical significance(P < 0.05).Conclusions:The miR-196 a might serve as a cancer-promoting gene to promote the migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer by downstream target gene HOXA10.展开更多
BACKGROUND At present,the value of lipid indicators in evaluating the prognosis of colorectal cancer is still relatively limited.AIM To evaluate the value of a novel parameter for colorectal cancer(CRC)prognosis scori...BACKGROUND At present,the value of lipid indicators in evaluating the prognosis of colorectal cancer is still relatively limited.AIM To evaluate the value of a novel parameter for colorectal cancer(CRC)prognosis scoring based on preoperative serum lipid levels.METHODS Four key serum lipid factors,namely,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),apolipoprotein A1(Apo A1),and apolipoprotein B(Apo B),were detected.Two representative ratios,HDL-C-LDLC ratio(HLR)and Apo A1-Apo B ratio(ABR)were calculated.The relationship of these parameters with the prognosis of CRC patients including progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox proportional hazards regression.A novel lipoprotein cholesterol-apolipoprotein(LA)score based on HLR and ABR was established and its value in prognosis evaluation for CRC patients was explored.RESULTS Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of PFS and OS showed that HDL-C,Apo A1,HLR,and ABR were positively associated with the prognosis of CRC patients.LA score was independently associated with a good prognosis in resectable CRC patients.Data processing of a dummy variable showed that the prognosis of patients with higher LA scores is better than that with lower LA scores.CONCLUSION The newly established LA score might serve as a better predictor of the prognosis of resectable CRC patients.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of islet autoantibodies for the diagnosis of autoimmune uveitis(AU),as well as to characterize the association bet ween islet autoantibodies and AU.METHODS:Totally 97 patients with...AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of islet autoantibodies for the diagnosis of autoimmune uveitis(AU),as well as to characterize the association bet ween islet autoantibodies and AU.METHODS:Totally 97 patients with AU and 100 healthy persons without any autoimmune diseases as the control group were recruited.Multiple serum islet autoantibodies were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits(ELISA).A supplementary questionnaire was used to complement the subject's demographics and clinical features.The level of glucose concentrations and white blood cells were measured.Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios(ORs),and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of AU according to islet autoantibodies and to evaluate the predictive value of islet autoantibodies for AU diagnosis.Autoantibodies subgroups and other variables were included into analysis.RESULTS:In AU patients,the prevalence of detecting at least one of the autoantibodies was 31.9%(31/97).The most frequent autoantibody was ZnT8A(30.9%),followed by GADA(11.3%),IA-2A(4.1%),ICA(2.1%)and IAA(2.1%).Islet autoantibodies were found to be correlated positively with AU diagnosis[OR(95%CI):13.86(3.28,58.50),P<0.001].Moreover,Zn-T8A was remarkably correlated with AU diagnosis[OR(95%CI):6.13(1.96,19.17),P<0.001],In contrast,neither GADA nor other islet antibodies(IA-2A,ICA and IAA)showed any association with AU risk under an additive model.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of islet antibodies,especially ZnT8A,in patients with AU is higher.Islet antibodies as well as novel biomarkers should be included in routine evaluation at AU and is a valuable biological marker to classify newly-diagnosed uveitis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction is a fundamental part of the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Cellular therapies offer novel opportunities for the treatment of T2DM to improve the funct...BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction is a fundamental part of the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Cellular therapies offer novel opportunities for the treatment of T2DM to improve the function of isletβ-cells.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cell(hUC-MSC)infusion in T2DM treatment.METHODS Sixteen patients were enrolled and received 1×10^(6) cells/kg per week for 3 wk as intravenous hUC-MSC infusion.The effectiveness was evaluated by assessing fasting blood glucose,C-peptide,normal glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),insulin resistance index(homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance),and isletβ-cell function(homeostasis model assessment ofβ-cell function).The dosage of hypoglycemic agents and safety were evaluated by monitoring the occurrence of any adverse events(AEs).RESULTS During the entire intervention period,the fasting plasma glucose level was significantly reduced[baseline:9.3400(8.3575,11.7725),day 14±3:6.5200(5.2200,8.6900);P<0.01].The HbA1c level was significantly reduced on day 84±3[baseline:7.8000(7.5250,8.6750),day 84±3:7.150(6.600,7.925);P<0.01].The patients’isletβ-cell function was significantly improved on day 28±3 of intervention[baseline:29.90(16.43,37.40),day 28±3:40.97(19.27,56.36);P<0.01].The dosage of hypoglycemic agents was reduced in all patients,of whom 6(50%)had a decrement of more than 50%and 1(6.25%)discontinued the hypoglycemic agents.Four patients had transient fever,which occurred within 24 h after the second or third infusion.One patient(2.08%)had asymptomatic nocturnal hypoglycemia after infusion on day 28±3.No liver damage or other side effects were reported.CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that hUC-MSC infusion can improve glycemia,restore isletβ-cell function,and reduce the dosage of hypoglycemic agents without serious AEs.Thus,hUC-MSC infusion may be a novel option for the treatment of T2DM.展开更多
Equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP) is considered to be one of the most effective processing procedures to produce ultrafine-grained(UFG) materials.A new AI-ZnMg-Cu-Zr alloy was subjected to ECAP experiment in Route ...Equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP) is considered to be one of the most effective processing procedures to produce ultrafine-grained(UFG) materials.A new AI-ZnMg-Cu-Zr alloy was subjected to ECAP experiment in Route B_(C)(i.e.,rotated 90° in the same sense between each pass).The effect of ECAP on the microstructural evolution and fracture mechanism of the alloy was analyzed by optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),tensile test(at room temperature),and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that the main strengthening phase of the alloy is MgZn_(2),whose content increases apparently after ECAP,the dislocation density increases by one order of magnitude,the hardness value of the 1 pass ECAPed sample increases by 53 %,the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)increases by 29 %,and the true strain increases by 15.4 %.But the further increase in the strength with the passes increasing would cost a slight drop in the true strain.The morphology of the tensile dimples is converted from elongated one to equiaxed one with a uniform distribution of size and depth after pressing.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1603100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)through grants Nos.12203086,12033005,12073061,12122307,and 12103045+12 种基金supported by CPSF No.2022M723278the international partnership program of Chinese Academy of Sciences through grant No.114231K YSB20200009Shanghai Pujiang Program 20PJ1415500the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with no.CMS-CSST-2021-B06Yunnan Fundamental Research Project(grant No.202301AT070118)sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.23ZR1482100)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)through grants Nos.12273090&12322305the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)‘Light of West China’Program(No.xbzgzdsys-202212)support from the ANID BASAL project FB210003support from the Fondecyt Regular(project code 1220610)partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(KAKENHI Number JP22H01271 and JP23H01221)of JSPSsupported by JSPS KAKENHI(grant No.JP20H05645)sponsored(in part)by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),through a grant to the CAS South America Center for Astronomy(CASSACA)in Santiago,Chile。
文摘This paper presents an overview of the QUARKS survey,which stands for Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures."The QUARKS survey is observing139 massive clumps covered by 156 pointings at Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA)Band 6(λ~1.3 mm).In conjunction with data obtained from the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3(λ~3 mm),QUARKS aims to carry out an unbiased statistical investigation of massive star formation process within protoclusters down to a scale of 1000 au.This overview paper describes the observations and data reduction of the QUARKS survey,and gives a first look at an exemplar source,the mini-starburst Sgr B2(M).The wide-b and width(7.5 GHz)and high-angular-resolution(~0."3)observations of the QUARKS survey allow for the resolution of much more compact cores than those could be done by the ATOMS survey,and to detect previously unrevealed fainter filamentary structures.The spectral windows cover transitions of species including CO,SO,N_(2)D^(+),SiO,H_(30)α,H_(2)CO,CH_(3)CN,and many other complex organic molecules,tracing gas components with different temperatures and spatial extents.QUARKS aims to deepen our understanding of several scientific topics of massive star formation,such as the mass transport within protoclusters by(hub-)filamentary structures,the existence of massive starless cores,the physical and chemical properties of dense cores within protoclusters,and the feedback from already formed high-mass young protostars.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1603101)H.-L.L.is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.12103045)+1 种基金by Yunnan Fundamental Research Project(grant Nos.202301AT070118 and 202401AS070121)by Xingdian Talent Support Plan-Youth Project.G.-X.L.is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.12033005).
文摘To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data sample.The sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 pc.We observeσ∝L^(0.26)andρ∝L^(-1.54)scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass(α_(vir)-M)distribution is seen across all density scales,withα_(vir)values centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple scales.Our turbulent energy spectrum(E(k))analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E(k)∝k^(-1.52).These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee Projects,No.JCYJ20170816105416349Shenzhen High-Level Hospital Construction Fund,Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No.SZXK010.
文摘BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβcell dysfunction is a fundamental aspect of the pathology underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has emerged as a new therapeutic method due to its ability to promote the regeneration of pancreaticβcells.However,current studies have focused on its efficacy,and there are few clinical studies on its safety.AIM To evaluate the safety of human umbilical cord(hUC)-MSC infusion in T2DM treatment.METHODS An open-label and randomized phase 2 clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety of hUC-MSC transplantation in T2DM in a Class A hospital.Ten patients in the placebo group received acellular saline intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Twenty-four patients in the hUC-MSC group received hUC-MSCs(1×106 cells/kg)intravenously once per week for 3 wk.Diabetic clinical symptoms and signs,laboratory findings,and imaging findings were evaluated weekly for the 1st mo and then at weeks 12 and 24 post-treatment.RESULTS No serious adverse events were observed during the 24-wk follow-up.Four patients(16.7%)in the hUC-MSC group experienced transient fever,which occurred within 24 h after the second or third infusion;this did not occur in any patients in the placebo group.One patient from the hUC-MSC group experienced hypoglycemic attacks within 1 mo after transplantation.Significantly lower lymphocyte levels(weeks 2 and 3)and thrombin coagulation time(week 2)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).Significantly higher platelet levels(week 3),immunoglobulin levels(weeks 1,2,3,and 4),fibrinogen levels(weeks 2 and 3),D-dimer levels(weeks 1,2,3,4,12,and 24),and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios(weeks 2 and 3)were observed in the hUC-MSC group compared to those in the placebo group(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups for tumor markers(alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and carbohydrate antigen 199)or blood fat.No liver damage or other side effects were observed on chest X-ray.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that hUC-MSC transplantation has good tolerance and high safety in the treatment of T2DM.It can improve human immunity and inhibit lymphocytes.Coagulation function should be monitored vigilantly for abnormalities.
文摘The main colors of the Forbidden City are Red and Yellow,which can represent rich cultural deposits.According to the Chinese traditional culture,the Red of the Forbidden City has always been regarded as a positive color of celebration,conveying dignity and happiness.The Yellow color is usually considered as a promising color,and represents a bumper harvest.Based on the principle of the Five Elements,Fire is red,which means breeding and encouragement,and shows prosperity and a solid foundation for the country.Yellow represents Winged Dragon,belonging to the Center of the Earth,and symbolizes the divine right of emperors.Therefore,the color of the Forbidden City(see Figure 1)is of great significance to the development of history and the revival of culture.We still need to work determinedly for the protection of the cultural heritages,so that more people can have the opportunity to understand the brilliance of Chinese civilization.
基金Supported by The Major National Science and Technology Projects for Infectious Diseases (11th and 12th Five Year, China),No. 2008ZX10002-007, No. 2012ZX10002-007the Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Plan Projects,No. 2011K14-09-09
文摘AIM: To investigate the role of T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).METHODS: We enrolled 79 patients with HBV infection into the study, 50 patients with HBV-related ACLF and 29 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), from the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College from January 2009 to June 2012. The ACLF patients were diagnosed according to the criteria recommended by The 19th Conference of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver in 2009. Twenty healthy individuals with a similar gender and age structures to the two patient groups were also included as the normal controls (NC). Of the 50 ACLF patients, 28 were subsequently classified as non-survivors: 19 patients died from multiorgan failure, 3 underwent liver transplantation, and 6 discontinued therapy during follow-up because of financial reasons. The remaining 22 ACLF patients whose liver and anticoagulation function recovered to nearly normal levels within the next 6 mo were classified as survivors. The number of circulating Treg and Th17 cells was determined upon diagnosis and during the 8th week of follow-up through flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of circulating Treg cells in the ACLF group was significantly higher than that in the CHB group (5.50% ± 1.15% vs 3.30% ± 1.13%, P < 0.01). The percentages of circulating Th17 cells in the ACLF and the CHB groups were significantly higher than that in the NC group (6.32% ± 2.22% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01; 3.53% ± 1.65% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01). No significant difference in Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio was observed between the ACLF group and the CHB group (0.98 ± 0.44 vs 1.12 ± 0.64, P = 0.991), whereas those in the two HBV infection groups were significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.85 ± 1.22; both P < 0.01). The percentage of Treg cells in the survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during peak ACLF severity [total bilirubin (TBIL) peak] (3.45% ± 0.97% vs 5.18% ± 1.02%, P < 0.01). The percentage of Th17 cells in survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during the peak TBIL (2.89% ±0.60% vs 5.24% ± 1.46%; P < 0.01). The Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the 8 th week of follow-up was significantly higher than that during the TBIL peak (1.22 ± 0.36 vs 1.10 ± 0.54; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Restoring the Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the follow-up phase of ACLF could maintain the immune system at a steady state, which favours good prognosis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81472707
文摘Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.nucleatum) is a Gramnegative obligate anaerobe bacterium in the oral cavity and plays a role in several oral diseases, including periodontitis and gingivitis. Recently, several studies have reported that the level of F.nucleatum is significantly elevated in human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas compared to that in adjacent normal tissue. Several researchers have also demonstrated that F.nucleatum is obviously associated with colorectal cancer and promotes the development of colorectal neoplasms. In this review, we have summarized the recent reports on F.nucleatum and its role in colorectal cancer and have highlighted the methods of detecting F.nucleatum in colorectal cancer, the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis, immunity status, and colorectal cancer prevention strategies that target F.nucleatum.
基金supported by Provincial Natural Science Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(No KJ2015B096by)
文摘Objective:To study the regulating effect of HSP70 inhibitor(PES) combined with cisplatin on cervical cancer proliferation in vitro and transplanted tumor growth.Methods:Cervical cancer Hela cell lines were cultured and divided into control group,cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group that were treated with serum-free DMEM,cisplatin with final concentration of 10 μmol/L,PES 20 μmol/L and cisplatin 10 μmol/L combined with PES with 20 μmol/L,respectively;animal models with cervical cancer xenografts were established and divided into control group,cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group who received intra-tumor injection of normal saline,10 μmol/L cisplatin,20 μmol/L PES as well as 10 μmol/L cisplatin+20 μmol/L PES,respectively.Cell proliferation activity,transplanted tumor volume and mitochondria apoptosis molecule expression were detected.Results:Cell viability value and Bcl-2 mRNA expression in cells of cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bax,Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA expression in cells were significantly higher than those of control group;transplanted tumor volume and the Bcl-2 mRNA expression in transplanted tumor tissue of cisplatin group,PES group and cisplatin+PES group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bax,Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 m RNA expression in transplanted tumor tissue were significantly higher than those of control group.Conclusions:HSP70 inhibitor combined with cislatin can inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation in vitro and transplanted tumor growth through mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81472707)Chinese South Western Oncology Group(CSWOG-CCET005).
文摘The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing in China,with high mortality.Here,we aimed to evaluate the latest clinicopathological features and prognostic value of the KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutation status in CRC patients in Central China.The clinical data of 1549 CRC patients with stage I-IV disease diagnosed at Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 2015 to 2017 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)in 410 CRC patients,with mutation frequencies of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF of 47.56%,2.93%and 4.15%,respectively.The gene mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics of 410 patients with CRC who underwent qPCR were analyzed.The KRAS and BRAF gene mutations were related to the pathological differentiation and number of metastatic lymph nodes.The BRAF gene mutation was also associated with cancer thrombosis in blood vessels.Cox regression analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival(OS)between patients with KRAS,NRAS mutants and wild-type CRC patients,while the BRAF gene mutation was negatively correlated with the OS rate of CRC patients.It is suggested that the BRAF gene mutation may be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of CRC.
基金supported by the General Project of Provincial Natural Science Research of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions(Grant No. KJ2015B096by)
文摘Objective:To explore the expression,biological function and possible mechanism of action of microRNA molecular-196a(miR-196a) in epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect the expression quantities of epithelial ovarian tissue,benign ovarian tissue,normal ovary epithelial tissue,ovarian cancer cell lines and miR-196 a in normal ovarian epithelial cells to analyze the relationship between the expression of miR-196 a and the clinical pathologic parameters of ovarian cancer.Among those cell lines,the cell line of which miR-196 a expressed the most or least was selected and transfected the ovarian cancer cell line by using negative control plasma and miR-196 a inhibitor.After transfection,RT-PCR was used to test the expression quantity of miR-196 a,Transwell chamber method was applied to determine the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian carcinoma cells and Western blot was employed to detect the expression of HOXA10 protein.Results:The relative expression quantities of miR-196 a in ovarian cancer tissue and benign ovarian tissue were significantly higher than that in normal ovarian epithelial tissue,and the expression quantity of miR-196 a in ovarian cancer tissue was distinctively higher than that in benign ovarian tissue(P < 0.05).Among 78 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer,the expression quantities of miR-196 a in patients with low differentiation were all significantly higher than those in patients with high differentiation(P< 0.05).The expression of miR-196 a showed no significant relation with age,clinical stage and whether CA125 was positive or not in patients(P > 0.05).Compared with normal ovarian epithelial cell line IOSE80,the expression quantities of miR-196 a of all ovarian cancer cell lines increased obviously and differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Among them,the expression of miR-196 a of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was the highest,while it decreased significantly(4.678 ± 0.785 vs.2.131 ± 0.345,t = 2.938,P < 0.05) after the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 was transfected by miR-196 a inhibitor.The results of Transwell chamber method showed that the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3 were declined significantly after the expression of miR-196 a was down-regulated and the difference showed statistical significance(P < 0.05).The results of Western blot revealed that the relative expression of HOXA10 decreased distinctly after the expression of miR-196 a was down-regulated and also the difference showed statistical significance(P < 0.05).Conclusions:The miR-196 a might serve as a cancer-promoting gene to promote the migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer by downstream target gene HOXA10.
基金Supported by the Graduates’Innovation Fund,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,No.2020yjsCXCY080the Free Innovation Preresearch Fund and Platform Scientific Research Fund in 2019,No.02.03.2019-111.
文摘BACKGROUND At present,the value of lipid indicators in evaluating the prognosis of colorectal cancer is still relatively limited.AIM To evaluate the value of a novel parameter for colorectal cancer(CRC)prognosis scoring based on preoperative serum lipid levels.METHODS Four key serum lipid factors,namely,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),apolipoprotein A1(Apo A1),and apolipoprotein B(Apo B),were detected.Two representative ratios,HDL-C-LDLC ratio(HLR)and Apo A1-Apo B ratio(ABR)were calculated.The relationship of these parameters with the prognosis of CRC patients including progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox proportional hazards regression.A novel lipoprotein cholesterol-apolipoprotein(LA)score based on HLR and ABR was established and its value in prognosis evaluation for CRC patients was explored.RESULTS Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of PFS and OS showed that HDL-C,Apo A1,HLR,and ABR were positively associated with the prognosis of CRC patients.LA score was independently associated with a good prognosis in resectable CRC patients.Data processing of a dummy variable showed that the prognosis of patients with higher LA scores is better than that with lower LA scores.CONCLUSION The newly established LA score might serve as a better predictor of the prognosis of resectable CRC patients.
基金Supported by the Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(No.2017SF-265)the Science Foundation of Xi’an of China[No.2017121SF/YX015(2)].
文摘AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of islet autoantibodies for the diagnosis of autoimmune uveitis(AU),as well as to characterize the association bet ween islet autoantibodies and AU.METHODS:Totally 97 patients with AU and 100 healthy persons without any autoimmune diseases as the control group were recruited.Multiple serum islet autoantibodies were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits(ELISA).A supplementary questionnaire was used to complement the subject's demographics and clinical features.The level of glucose concentrations and white blood cells were measured.Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios(ORs),and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of AU according to islet autoantibodies and to evaluate the predictive value of islet autoantibodies for AU diagnosis.Autoantibodies subgroups and other variables were included into analysis.RESULTS:In AU patients,the prevalence of detecting at least one of the autoantibodies was 31.9%(31/97).The most frequent autoantibody was ZnT8A(30.9%),followed by GADA(11.3%),IA-2A(4.1%),ICA(2.1%)and IAA(2.1%).Islet autoantibodies were found to be correlated positively with AU diagnosis[OR(95%CI):13.86(3.28,58.50),P<0.001].Moreover,Zn-T8A was remarkably correlated with AU diagnosis[OR(95%CI):6.13(1.96,19.17),P<0.001],In contrast,neither GADA nor other islet antibodies(IA-2A,ICA and IAA)showed any association with AU risk under an additive model.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of islet antibodies,especially ZnT8A,in patients with AU is higher.Islet antibodies as well as novel biomarkers should be included in routine evaluation at AU and is a valuable biological marker to classify newly-diagnosed uveitis.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee Projects,No.JCYJ20170816105416349Shenzhen High-level Hospital Construction FundShenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No.SZXK010.
文摘BACKGROUND Progressive pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction is a fundamental part of the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Cellular therapies offer novel opportunities for the treatment of T2DM to improve the function of isletβ-cells.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cell(hUC-MSC)infusion in T2DM treatment.METHODS Sixteen patients were enrolled and received 1×10^(6) cells/kg per week for 3 wk as intravenous hUC-MSC infusion.The effectiveness was evaluated by assessing fasting blood glucose,C-peptide,normal glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),insulin resistance index(homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance),and isletβ-cell function(homeostasis model assessment ofβ-cell function).The dosage of hypoglycemic agents and safety were evaluated by monitoring the occurrence of any adverse events(AEs).RESULTS During the entire intervention period,the fasting plasma glucose level was significantly reduced[baseline:9.3400(8.3575,11.7725),day 14±3:6.5200(5.2200,8.6900);P<0.01].The HbA1c level was significantly reduced on day 84±3[baseline:7.8000(7.5250,8.6750),day 84±3:7.150(6.600,7.925);P<0.01].The patients’isletβ-cell function was significantly improved on day 28±3 of intervention[baseline:29.90(16.43,37.40),day 28±3:40.97(19.27,56.36);P<0.01].The dosage of hypoglycemic agents was reduced in all patients,of whom 6(50%)had a decrement of more than 50%and 1(6.25%)discontinued the hypoglycemic agents.Four patients had transient fever,which occurred within 24 h after the second or third infusion.One patient(2.08%)had asymptomatic nocturnal hypoglycemia after infusion on day 28±3.No liver damage or other side effects were reported.CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that hUC-MSC infusion can improve glycemia,restore isletβ-cell function,and reduce the dosage of hypoglycemic agents without serious AEs.Thus,hUC-MSC infusion may be a novel option for the treatment of T2DM.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51175138, 50875072 and 51575153)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No.NCET-13-0765)。
文摘Equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP) is considered to be one of the most effective processing procedures to produce ultrafine-grained(UFG) materials.A new AI-ZnMg-Cu-Zr alloy was subjected to ECAP experiment in Route B_(C)(i.e.,rotated 90° in the same sense between each pass).The effect of ECAP on the microstructural evolution and fracture mechanism of the alloy was analyzed by optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),tensile test(at room temperature),and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that the main strengthening phase of the alloy is MgZn_(2),whose content increases apparently after ECAP,the dislocation density increases by one order of magnitude,the hardness value of the 1 pass ECAPed sample increases by 53 %,the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)increases by 29 %,and the true strain increases by 15.4 %.But the further increase in the strength with the passes increasing would cost a slight drop in the true strain.The morphology of the tensile dimples is converted from elongated one to equiaxed one with a uniform distribution of size and depth after pressing.
