The sharp increase in the demand for lithium(Li)for high-energy-storage battery materials due to its high specific energy and low negative chemical potential render Li a geopolitically significant resource.It is urgen...The sharp increase in the demand for lithium(Li)for high-energy-storage battery materials due to its high specific energy and low negative chemical potential render Li a geopolitically significant resource.It is urgent to develop a low-cost,efficient method to improve lithium extraction.Herein,Li ion(Li+)adsorption in coal-bearing strata kaolinite(CSK)was studied.The effects of pre-activation acid leaching(meta-kaolinite/H2SO4,MK-HS)and dimethyl sulfoxide intercalation(coal-bearing strata kaolinite/dimethyl sulfoxide,CSK-DMSO)on the Li+adsorption capacity were studied under the same adsorption conditions.The results indicated that the adsorption was completed in 60 min under alkaline conditions(pH=8.5),a high solution concentration(400 mg/L),and a low dosage(1 g/100 mL);and the comprehensive adsorption capacity is MK-HS>CSK-DMSO>CSK.Furthermore,the DMSO intercalation caused the interlayer spacing of the CSK to increase,which provided more space for Li+to enter and increase the adsorption capacity.After thermal pre-activation and acid leaching,structural failure and lattice collapse resulted in the presence of more micropores in the MK-HS,which resulted in a 10-fold increase in its specific surface area and caused coordination bond changes(Al(VI)to Al(IV))and leaching of aluminum(Al)from the lattice.It is proposed that these structural changes greatly improve the activity of CSK so that Li+cannot only adsorb onto the surface and between the layers but can also enter the lattice defects,which results in the MK-HS having the best adsorption performance.Combined with the adsorption kinetics analysis,the adsorption methods of CSK and two modified materials include physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.In this study,the adsorption capacity of CSK and its modified products to Li were explored,providing a new option for the reuse of CSK and the extraction of Li.展开更多
Formic acid is considered one of the most economically viable products for electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,developing highly active and selective electrocatalysts for effective CO_(2)conver...Formic acid is considered one of the most economically viable products for electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,developing highly active and selective electrocatalysts for effective CO_(2)conversion remains a grand challenge.Herein,we report that structural modulation of the bismuth oxide nanosheet via Zn^(2+)cooperation has a profound positive effect on exposure of the active plane,thereby contributing to high electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR performance.The obtained Zn-Bi_(2)O_(3)catalyst demonstrates superior selectivity towards formate generation in a wide potential range;a high Faradaic efficiency of 95%and a desirable partial current density of around 20 mA·cm^(-2)are obtained at−0.9 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).As proposed by density functional theory calculations,Zn substitution is the most energetically feasible for forming and stabilizing the key OCHO*intermediate among the used metal ions.Moreover,the more negative adsorption energy of OCHO*and the relatively low energy barrier for the desorption of HCOOH*are responsible for the enhanced activity and selectivity.展开更多
Amorphous nanomaterials with long-range disordered structures could possess distinct properties and promising applications,especially in catalysis,as compared with their conventional crystalline counterparts.It is imp...Amorphous nanomaterials with long-range disordered structures could possess distinct properties and promising applications,especially in catalysis,as compared with their conventional crystalline counterparts.It is imperative to achieve the controlled preparation of amorphous noble metal-based nanomaterials for the exploration of their phase-dependent applications.Here,we report a facile wet-chemical reduction strategy to synthesize various amorphous multimetallic Pd-based nanomaterials,including PdRu,PdRh,and PdRuRh.The phase-dependent catalytic performances of distinct Pd-based nanomaterials towards diverse catalytic applications have been demonstrated.Specifically,the usage of PdRu nanocatalysts with amorphous and crystalline face-centered cubic(fcc)phases can efficiently switch the ring-opening route of styrene oxide to obtain different products with high selectivity through alcoholysis reaction and hydrogenation reaction,respectively.Moreover,when used as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),the synthesized amorphous PdRh nanocatalyst exhibits low overpotential and high turnover frequency values,outperforming its crystalline fcc counterpart and most of the reported Pd-based HER electrocatalysts.展开更多
Coal-related resources, as a popular development in recent years, is the focus of research in the field of coalbed methane (CBM), coal measure gases, coal-associated rare earth resources and nonmetallic minerals (Moor...Coal-related resources, as a popular development in recent years, is the focus of research in the field of coalbed methane (CBM), coal measure gases, coal-associated rare earth resources and nonmetallic minerals (Moore, 2012;Dai and Finkelman, 2018;Qin et al., 2018). Due to its complexity in concentration, occurrence and exploitation, many key issues need to be addressed (Sayed et al., 2017;Bera et al., 2022;Liu et al., 2022).展开更多
In view of the drawbacks of rechargeable batteries,such as low mass and volumetric energy densities,as well as slow charging rate,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)are reckoned to be promising alternative dev...In view of the drawbacks of rechargeable batteries,such as low mass and volumetric energy densities,as well as slow charging rate,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)are reckoned to be promising alternative devices for energy conversion.Currently,commercial PEMFCs mainly use H_(2) as the fuel,but the challenges in generation,storage,and handling of H_(2) limit their further development.Among the liquid fuels,formic acid possesses the merits of low flammability,low toxicity,slow crossover rate,faster reaction kinetics,and high volumetric H_(2) storage capacity,thus being considered as the most promising energy carrier.It can be used as the energy source for direct formic acid fuel cells(DFAFCs)and formic acidbased H_(2)-PEMFCs,which are also called indirect formic acid fuel cells(IFAFCs).A common issue hindering their commercialization is lacking efficient electrocatalysts.In DFAFCs,the anodic electrocatalysts for formic acid oxidation are suffering from stability issue,whereas the cathodic electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction are prone to poisoning by the permeated formic acid.As for IFAFCs,CO and CO_(2) impurities generated from formic acid dehydrogenation will cause rapid decay in the catalytic activity.High working temperature can improve the CO and CO_(2) tolerance of catalysts but will accelerate catalyst degradation.This review will discuss the mitigation strategies and recent advances from the aspect of electrocatalysts to overcome the above challenges.Finally,some perspectives and future research directions to develop more efficient electrocatalysts will be provided for this promising field.展开更多
Controlled synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers with unusual crystal phases has attracted increasing attention due to their promising applications in electrocatalysis.However,the facile and la...Controlled synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers with unusual crystal phases has attracted increasing attention due to their promising applications in electrocatalysis.However,the facile and large-scale preparation of TMD monolayers with high-concentration unusual crystal phase still remains a challenge.Herein,we report the synthesis of MoX2 (X =Se or S) monolayers with high-concentration semimetallic 1T'phase by using the 4H/face-centered cubic (fcc)-Au nanorod as template to form the 4H/fcc-Au@MoX2 nanocomposite.The concentrations of 1T'phase in the prepared MoSe2 and MoS2 monolayers are up to 86% and 81%,respectively.As a proof-of-concept application,the obtained Au@MoS2 nanocomposite is used for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acid medium,exhibiting excellent performance with a low overpotential of 178 mV at the current density of 10 mNcm^2,a small Tafel slope of 43.3 mV/dec,and excellent HER stability.This work paves a way for direct synthesis of TMD monolayers with high-concentration of unusual crystal phase for the electrocatalytic application.展开更多
The composite catalytic materials based on the mineral kaolinite are considered to be a potential approach for solving global energy scarcity and environmental pollution,which have excellent catalytic performance,low ...The composite catalytic materials based on the mineral kaolinite are considered to be a potential approach for solving global energy scarcity and environmental pollution,which have excellent catalytic performance,low cost and excellent chemical stability.However,pure kaolinite does not have visible light absorption ability and cannot be used as a potential photocatalytic material.Fortunately,the unique physical and chemical properties of kaolinite can be acted as a good semiconductor carrier.Herein,this paper firstly presents the mineralogical characteristics of kaolinite.Next,kaolinite-based photocatalysts(such as TiO_(2)/kaolinite,g-C_(3)N_(4)/kaolinite,g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)/kaolinite,Zn O)are discussed in detail from the formation of heterostructures,synthesis-modification methods,photocatalytic mechanisms,and electron transfer pathways.Furthermore,the specific role of kaolinite in photocatalytic materials is summarized and discussed.In addition,the photocatalytic applications of kaolinite-based photocatalysts in the fields of water decomposition,pollutant degradation,bacterial disinfection are reviewed.However,the modification of kaolinite is hard,the manufacture of a large number of kaolinite-based photocatalysts is difficult,the cost of doping noble metals is expensive,and the utilization rate of visible light is low,which limits its application in industrial practice.Finally,this paper presents some perspectives on the future development of kaolinite-based photocatalysts.展开更多
Crystal phase can greatly affect the physicochemical properties and applications of nanomaterials.However,it stil remains a great challenge to synthesize nanostructures with the same composition and morphology but dif...Crystal phase can greatly affect the physicochemical properties and applications of nanomaterials.However,it stil remains a great challenge to synthesize nanostructures with the same composition and morphology but different phases in order to explore the phase-dependent properties and applications.Herein,we report the crystal phase-controlled synthesis of PtCu alloy shells on 4H Au nanoribbons(NRBs),referred to as 4H-Au NRBs,to form the 4H-Au@PtCu core-shell NRBs.By tuning the thickness of PtCu,4H-PtCu and face-centered cubic(cc)phase PICu(cc-PtCu)alloy shells are successtully grown on the 4H-Au NRB cores.This thickness-dependent phase-controlled growth strategy can also be used to grow PtCo alloys with 4H or fcc phase on 4H-Au NRBs.Significantly,when used as electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)in alkaline media,the 4H-Au@4H-PtCu NRBs show much better EOR performance than the 4H-Au@fcc-PtCu NRBs,and both of them possess superior performance compared to the commercial Pt black.Our study provides a strategy on phase-contolled synthesis of nanomaterials used for crystal phase-dependent applications.展开更多
Photoelectrochemical(PEC)technology is considered to be a promising approach for solar-driven hydrogen production with zero emissions.Bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4))is a kind of photocatalytic material with strong photoact...Photoelectrochemical(PEC)technology is considered to be a promising approach for solar-driven hydrogen production with zero emissions.Bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4))is a kind of photocatalytic material with strong photoactivity in the visible light region and appropriate band gap for PEC water splitting.However,the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency(STH)of BiVO_(4)is far away from the 10%target needed for practical application due to its poor charge separation ability.Therefore,this review attempts to summarize the strategies for improving the photocurrent density and especially hydrogen production of BiVO_(4)materials through PEC techniques in the last three years,such as doping nonmetal and metal elements,depositing noble metals,constructing heterojunctions,coupling with carbon and metalorganic framework(MOF)materials to further enhance the PEC performance of BiVO_(4)photoanode.This review aims to serve as a general guideline to fabricate highly efficient BiVO_(4)-based materials for PEC water splitting.展开更多
The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and transition metal phosphides are low-cost,earth-abundant,and robust electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Integrating them into hybrid nanostructure...The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and transition metal phosphides are low-cost,earth-abundant,and robust electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Integrating them into hybrid nanostructures is potentially promising to further boost the catalytic activity toward HER based on their synergistic effects.Herein,we report a general method for the synthesis of a series of MoSe_(2)-based hybrid nanostructures,including MoSe_(2)-Ni_(2)P,MoSe_(2)-Co_(2)P,MoSe_(2)-Ni,MoSe_(2)-Co,and MoSe_(2)-NiS,by postgrowth of Ni_(2)P,Co_(2)P,Ni,Co,and NiS nanostructures on the presynthesized MoSe_(2) nanosheet-assembled nanospheres,respectively,via a colloidal synthesis method.As a proof-of-concept application,the as-synthesized hybrid nanostructures are used as electrocatalysts for HER,exhibiting high activity and stability in acidic media.Among them,the MoSe_(2)-Co_(2)P composite shows the highest HER activity with an overpotential of 167 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2).展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)covalent organic framework nanosheets(CONs)are attracting increasing research attention because of their unique properties derived from their ultrathin thickness,high surface-tovolume atomic ratio,a...Two-dimensional(2D)covalent organic framework nanosheets(CONs)are attracting increasing research attention because of their unique properties derived from their ultrathin thickness,high surface-tovolume atomic ratio,and extremely large surface area.2D CONs can provide high transport pathways for charge carriers(e.g.,electrons,holes and ions)through either the conjugated skeletons or the open channels.Therefore,they have shown great potential in energy related applications.In this review,we firstly introduce the recent developments and characteristics of 2D CONs by focusing on the two typical synthetic methods,i.e.,top-down and bottom-up methods.Then,the energy-related applications in energy storage and conversion of 2D CONs are summarized.Finally,we give our personal views on the challenges and perspectives for the future research of 2D CONs and their composites.展开更多
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42172043)the Science and Technology Major Projects of Shanxi Province of China(No.20181101003)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.300102299306)Scientific Innovation Practive Project of Postgraduates of Chang’an University(No.300103722045)。
文摘The sharp increase in the demand for lithium(Li)for high-energy-storage battery materials due to its high specific energy and low negative chemical potential render Li a geopolitically significant resource.It is urgent to develop a low-cost,efficient method to improve lithium extraction.Herein,Li ion(Li+)adsorption in coal-bearing strata kaolinite(CSK)was studied.The effects of pre-activation acid leaching(meta-kaolinite/H2SO4,MK-HS)and dimethyl sulfoxide intercalation(coal-bearing strata kaolinite/dimethyl sulfoxide,CSK-DMSO)on the Li+adsorption capacity were studied under the same adsorption conditions.The results indicated that the adsorption was completed in 60 min under alkaline conditions(pH=8.5),a high solution concentration(400 mg/L),and a low dosage(1 g/100 mL);and the comprehensive adsorption capacity is MK-HS>CSK-DMSO>CSK.Furthermore,the DMSO intercalation caused the interlayer spacing of the CSK to increase,which provided more space for Li+to enter and increase the adsorption capacity.After thermal pre-activation and acid leaching,structural failure and lattice collapse resulted in the presence of more micropores in the MK-HS,which resulted in a 10-fold increase in its specific surface area and caused coordination bond changes(Al(VI)to Al(IV))and leaching of aluminum(Al)from the lattice.It is proposed that these structural changes greatly improve the activity of CSK so that Li+cannot only adsorb onto the surface and between the layers but can also enter the lattice defects,which results in the MK-HS having the best adsorption performance.Combined with the adsorption kinetics analysis,the adsorption methods of CSK and two modified materials include physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.In this study,the adsorption capacity of CSK and its modified products to Li were explored,providing a new option for the reuse of CSK and the extraction of Li.
基金supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 1(Nos.RG 85/20 and 125/21)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A200201)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Fund,No.3 Special Funding(Pre-Station)(No.2021TQ007)natural science program on basic research project of Shaanxi province(No.2023-JC-QN-0155).
文摘Formic acid is considered one of the most economically viable products for electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,developing highly active and selective electrocatalysts for effective CO_(2)conversion remains a grand challenge.Herein,we report that structural modulation of the bismuth oxide nanosheet via Zn^(2+)cooperation has a profound positive effect on exposure of the active plane,thereby contributing to high electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR performance.The obtained Zn-Bi_(2)O_(3)catalyst demonstrates superior selectivity towards formate generation in a wide potential range;a high Faradaic efficiency of 95%and a desirable partial current density of around 20 mA·cm^(-2)are obtained at−0.9 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).As proposed by density functional theory calculations,Zn substitution is the most energetically feasible for forming and stabilizing the key OCHO*intermediate among the used metal ions.Moreover,the more negative adsorption energy of OCHO*and the relatively low energy barrier for the desorption of HCOOH*are responsible for the enhanced activity and selectivity.
基金H.Z.thanks the support from ITC via the Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center(NPMM),the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(No.11301721)the Start-Up Grant(No.9380100)the grants(No.1886921)from the City University of Hong Kong.This research used 7-BM of the National Synchrotron Light Source II,a U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract(No.DE-SC0012704).
文摘Amorphous nanomaterials with long-range disordered structures could possess distinct properties and promising applications,especially in catalysis,as compared with their conventional crystalline counterparts.It is imperative to achieve the controlled preparation of amorphous noble metal-based nanomaterials for the exploration of their phase-dependent applications.Here,we report a facile wet-chemical reduction strategy to synthesize various amorphous multimetallic Pd-based nanomaterials,including PdRu,PdRh,and PdRuRh.The phase-dependent catalytic performances of distinct Pd-based nanomaterials towards diverse catalytic applications have been demonstrated.Specifically,the usage of PdRu nanocatalysts with amorphous and crystalline face-centered cubic(fcc)phases can efficiently switch the ring-opening route of styrene oxide to obtain different products with high selectivity through alcoholysis reaction and hydrogenation reaction,respectively.Moreover,when used as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),the synthesized amorphous PdRh nanocatalyst exhibits low overpotential and high turnover frequency values,outperforming its crystalline fcc counterpart and most of the reported Pd-based HER electrocatalysts.
文摘Coal-related resources, as a popular development in recent years, is the focus of research in the field of coalbed methane (CBM), coal measure gases, coal-associated rare earth resources and nonmetallic minerals (Moore, 2012;Dai and Finkelman, 2018;Qin et al., 2018). Due to its complexity in concentration, occurrence and exploitation, many key issues need to be addressed (Sayed et al., 2017;Bera et al., 2022;Liu et al., 2022).
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,conducted at Tongji University,and Singapore A*STAR’s SERC Central Research Funds(CRF)(SC25/21-111312).
文摘In view of the drawbacks of rechargeable batteries,such as low mass and volumetric energy densities,as well as slow charging rate,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)are reckoned to be promising alternative devices for energy conversion.Currently,commercial PEMFCs mainly use H_(2) as the fuel,but the challenges in generation,storage,and handling of H_(2) limit their further development.Among the liquid fuels,formic acid possesses the merits of low flammability,low toxicity,slow crossover rate,faster reaction kinetics,and high volumetric H_(2) storage capacity,thus being considered as the most promising energy carrier.It can be used as the energy source for direct formic acid fuel cells(DFAFCs)and formic acidbased H_(2)-PEMFCs,which are also called indirect formic acid fuel cells(IFAFCs).A common issue hindering their commercialization is lacking efficient electrocatalysts.In DFAFCs,the anodic electrocatalysts for formic acid oxidation are suffering from stability issue,whereas the cathodic electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction are prone to poisoning by the permeated formic acid.As for IFAFCs,CO and CO_(2) impurities generated from formic acid dehydrogenation will cause rapid decay in the catalytic activity.High working temperature can improve the CO and CO_(2) tolerance of catalysts but will accelerate catalyst degradation.This review will discuss the mitigation strategies and recent advances from the aspect of electrocatalysts to overcome the above challenges.Finally,some perspectives and future research directions to develop more efficient electrocatalysts will be provided for this promising field.
文摘Controlled synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers with unusual crystal phases has attracted increasing attention due to their promising applications in electrocatalysis.However,the facile and large-scale preparation of TMD monolayers with high-concentration unusual crystal phase still remains a challenge.Herein,we report the synthesis of MoX2 (X =Se or S) monolayers with high-concentration semimetallic 1T'phase by using the 4H/face-centered cubic (fcc)-Au nanorod as template to form the 4H/fcc-Au@MoX2 nanocomposite.The concentrations of 1T'phase in the prepared MoSe2 and MoS2 monolayers are up to 86% and 81%,respectively.As a proof-of-concept application,the obtained Au@MoS2 nanocomposite is used for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acid medium,exhibiting excellent performance with a low overpotential of 178 mV at the current density of 10 mNcm^2,a small Tafel slope of 43.3 mV/dec,and excellent HER stability.This work paves a way for direct synthesis of TMD monolayers with high-concentration of unusual crystal phase for the electrocatalytic application.
基金the financial support provided by the Science and Technology Major Projects of Shanxi Province of China(No.20181101003)Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges(No.300102299306,300102299304)。
文摘The composite catalytic materials based on the mineral kaolinite are considered to be a potential approach for solving global energy scarcity and environmental pollution,which have excellent catalytic performance,low cost and excellent chemical stability.However,pure kaolinite does not have visible light absorption ability and cannot be used as a potential photocatalytic material.Fortunately,the unique physical and chemical properties of kaolinite can be acted as a good semiconductor carrier.Herein,this paper firstly presents the mineralogical characteristics of kaolinite.Next,kaolinite-based photocatalysts(such as TiO_(2)/kaolinite,g-C_(3)N_(4)/kaolinite,g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)/kaolinite,Zn O)are discussed in detail from the formation of heterostructures,synthesis-modification methods,photocatalytic mechanisms,and electron transfer pathways.Furthermore,the specific role of kaolinite in photocatalytic materials is summarized and discussed.In addition,the photocatalytic applications of kaolinite-based photocatalysts in the fields of water decomposition,pollutant degradation,bacterial disinfection are reviewed.However,the modification of kaolinite is hard,the manufacture of a large number of kaolinite-based photocatalysts is difficult,the cost of doping noble metals is expensive,and the utilization rate of visible light is low,which limits its application in industrial practice.Finally,this paper presents some perspectives on the future development of kaolinite-based photocatalysts.
基金MOE under AcRF Tier 2(Nos.MOE2016-T2-2-103 and MOE2017-T2-1-162)NTU under Start-Up Grant(No.M4081296.070.500000)in Singapore+2 种基金We would like to acknowledge the Facility for Analysis,Characterization,Testing and Simulation,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,for use of their electron microscopy and X-ray facilities.Z.X.F.and H.Z.thank the financial support from ITC via Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center(NPMM)acknowledge the start-up grants(Nos.9380100,9610480 and 7200651)grants(Nos.9610478 and 1886921)in City University of Hong Kong.
文摘Crystal phase can greatly affect the physicochemical properties and applications of nanomaterials.However,it stil remains a great challenge to synthesize nanostructures with the same composition and morphology but different phases in order to explore the phase-dependent properties and applications.Herein,we report the crystal phase-controlled synthesis of PtCu alloy shells on 4H Au nanoribbons(NRBs),referred to as 4H-Au NRBs,to form the 4H-Au@PtCu core-shell NRBs.By tuning the thickness of PtCu,4H-PtCu and face-centered cubic(cc)phase PICu(cc-PtCu)alloy shells are successtully grown on the 4H-Au NRB cores.This thickness-dependent phase-controlled growth strategy can also be used to grow PtCo alloys with 4H or fcc phase on 4H-Au NRBs.Significantly,when used as electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)in alkaline media,the 4H-Au@4H-PtCu NRBs show much better EOR performance than the 4H-Au@fcc-PtCu NRBs,and both of them possess superior performance compared to the commercial Pt black.Our study provides a strategy on phase-contolled synthesis of nanomaterials used for crystal phase-dependent applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21663027,21808189)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Chang’an University(No.300102299304)the Natural Science Basic Research Fund of Shaanxi Province(No.2020JZ20)。
文摘Photoelectrochemical(PEC)technology is considered to be a promising approach for solar-driven hydrogen production with zero emissions.Bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4))is a kind of photocatalytic material with strong photoactivity in the visible light region and appropriate band gap for PEC water splitting.However,the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency(STH)of BiVO_(4)is far away from the 10%target needed for practical application due to its poor charge separation ability.Therefore,this review attempts to summarize the strategies for improving the photocurrent density and especially hydrogen production of BiVO_(4)materials through PEC techniques in the last three years,such as doping nonmetal and metal elements,depositing noble metals,constructing heterojunctions,coupling with carbon and metalorganic framework(MOF)materials to further enhance the PEC performance of BiVO_(4)photoanode.This review aims to serve as a general guideline to fabricate highly efficient BiVO_(4)-based materials for PEC water splitting.
基金This work was supported by MOE under AcRF Tier 2(ARC 19/15,Nos.MOE2014-T2-2-093,MOE2015-T2-2-057,MOE2016-T2-2-103,and MOE2017-T2-1-162)AcRF Tier 1(2016-T1-001-147,2016-T1-002-051,2017-T1-001-150,and 2017-T1-002-119)+2 种基金Nanyang Technological University under the Start-Up Grant(M4081296.070.500000)in SingaporeS.H.thanks the support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.PA2018GDQT0013)in ChinaWe would like to acknowledge the Facility for Analysis,Characterization,Testing and Simulation,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,for use of their electron microscopy(and/or X-ray)facilities.H.Z.thanks the support from the Innovation and Technology Commission via the Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center and the Start-Up Grant from the City University of Hong Kong.
文摘The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and transition metal phosphides are low-cost,earth-abundant,and robust electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Integrating them into hybrid nanostructures is potentially promising to further boost the catalytic activity toward HER based on their synergistic effects.Herein,we report a general method for the synthesis of a series of MoSe_(2)-based hybrid nanostructures,including MoSe_(2)-Ni_(2)P,MoSe_(2)-Co_(2)P,MoSe_(2)-Ni,MoSe_(2)-Co,and MoSe_(2)-NiS,by postgrowth of Ni_(2)P,Co_(2)P,Ni,Co,and NiS nanostructures on the presynthesized MoSe_(2) nanosheet-assembled nanospheres,respectively,via a colloidal synthesis method.As a proof-of-concept application,the as-synthesized hybrid nanostructures are used as electrocatalysts for HER,exhibiting high activity and stability in acidic media.Among them,the MoSe_(2)-Co_(2)P composite shows the highest HER activity with an overpotential of 167 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2).
基金the Class D of Qianjiang Talent Program(No.ZD20011250001)the start-up grant(No.2019125016829)in Zhejiang University of Technology+1 种基金the financial support from the funding of"Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang"(No.2020R01002)the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51907173)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)covalent organic framework nanosheets(CONs)are attracting increasing research attention because of their unique properties derived from their ultrathin thickness,high surface-tovolume atomic ratio,and extremely large surface area.2D CONs can provide high transport pathways for charge carriers(e.g.,electrons,holes and ions)through either the conjugated skeletons or the open channels.Therefore,they have shown great potential in energy related applications.In this review,we firstly introduce the recent developments and characteristics of 2D CONs by focusing on the two typical synthetic methods,i.e.,top-down and bottom-up methods.Then,the energy-related applications in energy storage and conversion of 2D CONs are summarized.Finally,we give our personal views on the challenges and perspectives for the future research of 2D CONs and their composites.
