MXenes are a family of two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal carbides/nitrides that show promising potential for energy storage applications due to their high-specific surface areas,excellent electron conductivi...MXenes are a family of two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal carbides/nitrides that show promising potential for energy storage applications due to their high-specific surface areas,excellent electron conductivity,good hydrophilicity,and tunable terminations.Among various types of MXenes,Ti3C2Tx is the most widely studied for use in capacitive energy storage applications,especially in supercapacitors(SCs).However,the stacking and oxidation of MXene sheets inevitably lead to a significant loss of electrochemically active sites.To overcome such challenges,carbon materials are frequently incorporated into MXenes to enhance their electrochemical properties.This review introduces the common strategies used for synthesizing Ti3C2Tx,followed by a comprehensive overview of recent developments in Ti3C2Tx/carbon composites as electrode materials for SCs.Ti3C2Tx/carbon composites are categorized based on the dimensions of carbons,including 0D carbon dots,1D carbon nanotubes and fibers,2D graphene,and 3D carbon materials(activated carbon,polymer-derived carbon,etc.).Finally,this review also provides a perspective on developing novel MXenes/carbon composites as electrodes for application in SCs.展开更多
The development of pollution-free dyeing technology, including anhydrous dyeing and non-aqueous dyeing technologies, has always been an important way and research hot in energy conservation and emission reduction. Des...The development of pollution-free dyeing technology, including anhydrous dyeing and non-aqueous dyeing technologies, has always been an important way and research hot in energy conservation and emission reduction. Designing new structural dye molecules is the key to water-saving dyeing processes.Herein, three reactive dyes were designed and synthesized, which contained large planar multiconjugated systems and multi-reactive groups. The designed reactive dyes are expected to have high affinity and high fixations in non-aqueous or small bath dyeing processes. The reactive dyes were applied in the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(DMCS) reverse micelle dyeing for cotton fabric. High exhaustion rate of 99.35%, 98.10% and 98.80%, and fixation rate of 95.15%, 96.34% and 94.40% for three dyes, R1,R2 and R3, could be respectively obtained. The dyes can be fully utilized and had excellent dyeing performance, fastness and levelling properties under the revere micelle dyeing. The cotton fabric is like an oil-water separator in the dyeing process, where the dye micelles rapidly absorb and permeate into the cotton fibers. DMCS circulates around the fabric to transfer mass and energy. After dyeing, the solvent can be separated quickly and reused. The new reactive dyes containing large planar and multi-conjugated systems have potential application in green and sustainable dyeing technology with less wastewater and higher utilization.展开更多
BACKGROUND:To evaluate whether a simplified self-instruction card can help potential rescue providers use automated external defibrillators(AEDs)more accurately and quickly.METHODS:From June 1,2018,to November 30,2019...BACKGROUND:To evaluate whether a simplified self-instruction card can help potential rescue providers use automated external defibrillators(AEDs)more accurately and quickly.METHODS:From June 1,2018,to November 30,2019,a prospective longitudinal randomized controlled simulation study was conducted among 165 laypeople(18–65 years old)without prior AED training.A self-instruction card was designed to illuminate key AED operation procedures.Subjects were randomly divided into the card(n=83)and control(n=82)groups with age stratification.They were then individually evaluated in the same simulated scenario to use AED with(card group)or without the self-instruction card(control group)at baseline,posttraining,and at the 3-month follow-up.RESULTS:At baseline,the card group reached a significantly higher proportion of successful defibrillation(31.1%vs.15.9%,P=0.03),fully baring the chest(88.9%vs.63.4%,P<0.001),correct electrode placement(32.5%vs.17.1%,P=0.03),and resuming cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)(72.3%vs.9.8%,P<0.001).At post-training and follow-up,there were no significant differences in key behaviors,except for resuming CPR.Time to shock and time to resume CPR were shorter in the card group,while time to power-on AED was not different in each phase of tests.In the 55–65 years group,the card group achieved more skill improvements over the control group compared to the other age groups.CONCLUSION:The self-instruction card could serve as a direction for first-time AED users and as a reminder for trained subjects.This could be a practical,cost-effective way to improve the AED skills of potential rescue providers among different age groups,including seniors.展开更多
Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)can provide all-weather,all-time,high-precision positioning,navigation and timing services,which plays an important role in national security,national economy,public life and ot...Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)can provide all-weather,all-time,high-precision positioning,navigation and timing services,which plays an important role in national security,national economy,public life and other aspects.However,in environments with limited satellite signals such as urban canyons,tunnels,and indoor spaces,it is difficult to provide accurate and reliable positioning services only by satellite navigation.Multi-source sensor integrated navigation can effectively overcome the limitations of single-sensor navigation through the fusion of different types of sensor data such as Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU),vision sensor,and LiDAR,and provide more accurate,stable and robust navigation information in complex environments.We summarizes the research status of multi-source sensor integrated navigation technology,and focuses on the representative innovations and applications of integrated navigation and positioning technology by major domestic scientific research institutions in China during 2019—2023.展开更多
研究了水硬度、用水量、洗涤温度和染料转移抑制剂(Dye transfer inhibitor,DTI)对直接蓝6的转移抑制影响。实验结果显示水硬度越小,用水量越大,温度越高,染料转移抑制效果越好。洗涤体系中Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)的存在不仅降低了纤维表面的Z...研究了水硬度、用水量、洗涤温度和染料转移抑制剂(Dye transfer inhibitor,DTI)对直接蓝6的转移抑制影响。实验结果显示水硬度越小,用水量越大,温度越高,染料转移抑制效果越好。洗涤体系中Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)的存在不仅降低了纤维表面的Zeta电位,还降低了染料与纤维之间的静电排斥力,染料不易脱落。水量越大,染料质量浓度越低,洗涤体系中的初始动压增大,织物内的染料较快流过,减少在织物上的沉积。高温下染料分子解吸速率大于染色速率,20 min的洗涤时间足以使染料从纤维上脱落。在0.3 g/L质量浓度范围内DTI中仅有聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和它的交联聚合物对染料有明显的抑制作用。聚合物因具有许多亲水基团,易与染料结合。而吡啶-n-氧化物和月桂基甜菜碱属于小分子表面活性剂。展开更多
In this paper,we consider the local discontinuous Galerkin method with generalized alter-nating numerical fluxes for two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations on Carte-sian meshes.The generalized fluxes not...In this paper,we consider the local discontinuous Galerkin method with generalized alter-nating numerical fluxes for two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations on Carte-sian meshes.The generalized fluxes not only lead to a smaller magnitude of the errors,but can guarantee an energy conservative property that is useful for long time simulations in resolving waves.By virtue of generalized skew-symmetry property of the discontinuous Galerkin spatial operators,two energy equations are established and stability results con-taining energy conservation of the prime variable as well as auxiliary variables are shown.To derive optimal error estimates for nonlinear Schrödinger equations,an additional energy equation is constructed and two a priori error assumptions are used.This,together with properties of some generalized Gauss-Radau projections and a suitable numerical initial condition,implies optimal order of k+1.Numerical experiments are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.展开更多
At present, although the human speech separation has achieved fruitful results, it is not ideal for the separation of singing and accompaniment. Based on low-rank and sparse optimization theory, in this paper, we prop...At present, although the human speech separation has achieved fruitful results, it is not ideal for the separation of singing and accompaniment. Based on low-rank and sparse optimization theory, in this paper, we propose a new singing voice separation algorithm called Low-rank, Sparse Representation with pre-learned dictionaries and side Information (LSRi). The algorithm incorporates both the vocal and instrumental spectrograms as sparse matrix and low-rank matrix, meanwhile combines pre-learning dictionary and the reconstructed voice spectrogram form the annotation. Evaluations on the iKala dataset show that the proposed methods are effective and efficient for singing voice separation.展开更多
In this paper,we present optimal error estimates of the local discontinuous Galerkin method with generalized numerical fluxes for one-dimensional nonlinear convection-diffusion systems.The upwind-biased flux with the ...In this paper,we present optimal error estimates of the local discontinuous Galerkin method with generalized numerical fluxes for one-dimensional nonlinear convection-diffusion systems.The upwind-biased flux with the adjustable numerical viscosity for the convective term is chosen based on the local characteristic decomposition,which is helpful in resolving discontinuities of degenerate parabolic equations without enforcing any limiting procedure.For the diffusive term,a pair of generalized alternating fluxes is considered.By constructing and analyzing generalized Gauss-Radau projections with respect to different convective or diffusive terms,we derive optimal error estimates for nonlinear convection-diffusion systems with the symmetrizable flux Jacobian and fully nonlinear diffusive problems.Numerical experiments including long time simulations,different boundary conditions and degenerate equations with discontinuous initial data are provided to demonstrate the sharpness of theoretical results.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the deadly diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),which presents a significant public health challenge.Treatment of TB relies on the combination of several anti-TB drugs to create...Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the deadly diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),which presents a significant public health challenge.Treatment of TB relies on the combination of several anti-TB drugs to create shorter and safer regimens.Therefore,new anti-TB agents working by different mechanisms are urgently needed.FtsZ,a tubulin-like protein with GTPase activity,forms a dynamic Z-ring in cell division.Most of FtsZ inhibitors are designed to inhibit GTPase activity.In Mtb,the function of Z-ring is modulated by SepF,a FtsZ binding protein.The FtsZ/SepF interaction is essential for FtsZ bundling and localization at the site of division.Here,we established a yeast twohybrid based screening system to identify inhibitors of FtsZ/SepF interaction in M.tuberculosis.Using this system,we found compound T0349 showing strong anti-Mtb activity but with low toxicity to other bacteria strains and mice.Moreover,we have demonstrated that T0349 binds specifically to SepF to block FtsZ/SepF interaction by GST pull-down,fluorescence polarization(FP),surface plasmon resonance(SPR)and CRISPRi knockdown assays.Furthermore,T0349 can inhibit bacterial cell division by inducing filamentation and abnormal septum.Our data demonstrated that FtsZ/SepF interaction is a promising anti-TB drug target for identifying agents with novel mechanisms.展开更多
Micro-energy systems contribute significantly to environmental improvement by reducing dependence on power grids through the utilization of multiple renewable energy sources.This study quantified the environmental imp...Micro-energy systems contribute significantly to environmental improvement by reducing dependence on power grids through the utilization of multiple renewable energy sources.This study quantified the environmental impact of a micro-energy network system in an industrial park through a life cycle assessment using the operation of the micro-energy network over a year as the functional unit and“cradle-to-gate”as the system boundary.Based on the baseline scenario,a natural gas generator set was added to replace central heating,and the light pipes were expanded to constitute the optimized scenario.The results showed that the key impact categories for both scenarios were global warming,fine particulate matter formation,human carcinogenic toxicity,and human non-carcinogenic toxicity.The overall environmental impact of the optimized scenario was reduced by 68%compared to the baseline scenario.A sensitivity analysis of the key factors showed that electricity from the power grid was the key impact factor in both scenarios,followed by central heating and natural gas.Therefore,to reduce the environmental impact of network systems,it is necessary to further optimize the grid power structure.The research approach can be used to optimize micro-energy networks and evaluate the environmental impact of different energy systems.展开更多
Carbon-based materials with tunable properties have emerged as promising candidates to replace Pt-based catalysts for accelerating oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in fuel cells or metal-air batteries.In this work,we con...Carbon-based materials with tunable properties have emerged as promising candidates to replace Pt-based catalysts for accelerating oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in fuel cells or metal-air batteries.In this work,we constructed a carbon hybrid which consists of one-dimensional(1D)carbon nanotubes and flake-like carbons by pyrolysis of leaf-like metal-organic frameworks.The optimal hybrid electrocatalyst of Fe_(7%)-L-CNT-900 possesses the desired features for ORR,including active Fe species,high degree of graphitization,large specific surface area,and hierarchical porous structures.Consequently,Fe_(7%)-L-CNT900 performs a high electrocatalytic activity for ORR with a half-wave potential of 0.88 V,which is comparable to that of Pt/C(20 wt.%).This strategy provides an insight into the investigation of highly efficient and low-cost composite electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.展开更多
Novel magnetic core/shell bimetallic Au/Cu nanoparticles(Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs) were prepared using SiO_2-coated iron oxide(Fe_3O_4@SiO_2) as a supported material. The magnetic Fe_3O_4 colloidal nanocrystal clusters...Novel magnetic core/shell bimetallic Au/Cu nanoparticles(Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs) were prepared using SiO_2-coated iron oxide(Fe_3O_4@SiO_2) as a supported material. The magnetic Fe_3O_4 colloidal nanocrystal clusters(CNCs) as nano-core were modified with a silica coating for improvement stability and superficial area of the Au-Cu particles. The morphological structure and chemical composition of the Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs were characterized with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analyses. The Au and Cu NPs were deposited on the SiO_2 surface in a highly dense and well dispersed manner with an average size of approximately 5 nm. The Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs as magnetic nano-catalysts were applied to the Ullmann coupling reaction of bromamine acid to synthesize 4,40-diamino-1,10-dianthraquinonyl-3,30-disulfonic acid(DAS). The prepared Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs exhibited efficient catalytic activity with higher conversion and selectivity. A bromamine acid conversion of 97.35% and selectivity for DAS of 88.67% were obtained in aqueous medium. The magnetic nano-catalysts can be readily separated from the reaction system and reused. This new nano-catalytic reaction represents a useful and attractive cleaner production system. The new catalyst system has important and potential applications in dye and pigment industry.展开更多
Zika virus(ZIKV)is an emerging pathogen associated with neurological complications,such as Guillain–Barrésyndrome in adults and microcephaly in fetuses and newborns.This mosquito-borne flavivirus causes importan...Zika virus(ZIKV)is an emerging pathogen associated with neurological complications,such as Guillain–Barrésyndrome in adults and microcephaly in fetuses and newborns.This mosquito-borne flavivirus causes important social and sanitary problems owing to its rapid dissemination.However,the development of antivirals against ZIKV is lagging.Although various strategies have been used to study anti-ZIKV agents,approved drugs or vaccines for the treatment(or prevention)of ZIKV infections are currently unavailable.Repurposing clinically approved drugs could be an effective approach to quickly respond to an emergency outbreak of ZIKV infections.The well-established safety profiles and optimal dosage of these clinically approved drugs could provide an economical,safe,and efficacious approach to address ZIKV infections.This review focuses on the recent research and development of agents against ZIKV infection by repurposing clinical drugs.Their characteristics,targets,and potential use in anti-ZIKV therapy are presented.This review provides an update and some successful strategies in the search for anti-ZIKV agents are given.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Scientific Research Funds for Colleges and Universities affiliated to Hebei Province(JST2022005)Thanks are given to the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005099).
文摘MXenes are a family of two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal carbides/nitrides that show promising potential for energy storage applications due to their high-specific surface areas,excellent electron conductivity,good hydrophilicity,and tunable terminations.Among various types of MXenes,Ti3C2Tx is the most widely studied for use in capacitive energy storage applications,especially in supercapacitors(SCs).However,the stacking and oxidation of MXene sheets inevitably lead to a significant loss of electrochemically active sites.To overcome such challenges,carbon materials are frequently incorporated into MXenes to enhance their electrochemical properties.This review introduces the common strategies used for synthesizing Ti3C2Tx,followed by a comprehensive overview of recent developments in Ti3C2Tx/carbon composites as electrode materials for SCs.Ti3C2Tx/carbon composites are categorized based on the dimensions of carbons,including 0D carbon dots,1D carbon nanotubes and fibers,2D graphene,and 3D carbon materials(activated carbon,polymer-derived carbon,etc.).Finally,this review also provides a perspective on developing novel MXenes/carbon composites as electrodes for application in SCs.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (20ZR1400300)Textile Vision Applied Basic Research Project (J202005)National Key Research & Development Program of China (2017YFB0309600)。
文摘The development of pollution-free dyeing technology, including anhydrous dyeing and non-aqueous dyeing technologies, has always been an important way and research hot in energy conservation and emission reduction. Designing new structural dye molecules is the key to water-saving dyeing processes.Herein, three reactive dyes were designed and synthesized, which contained large planar multiconjugated systems and multi-reactive groups. The designed reactive dyes are expected to have high affinity and high fixations in non-aqueous or small bath dyeing processes. The reactive dyes were applied in the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(DMCS) reverse micelle dyeing for cotton fabric. High exhaustion rate of 99.35%, 98.10% and 98.80%, and fixation rate of 95.15%, 96.34% and 94.40% for three dyes, R1,R2 and R3, could be respectively obtained. The dyes can be fully utilized and had excellent dyeing performance, fastness and levelling properties under the revere micelle dyeing. The cotton fabric is like an oil-water separator in the dyeing process, where the dye micelles rapidly absorb and permeate into the cotton fibers. DMCS circulates around the fabric to transfer mass and energy. After dyeing, the solvent can be separated quickly and reused. The new reactive dyes containing large planar and multi-conjugated systems have potential application in green and sustainable dyeing technology with less wastewater and higher utilization.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72074144)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM201911005)+1 种基金Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(No.SHSMU-ZDCX20212801)Laerdal Foundation(No.2022-0133).
文摘BACKGROUND:To evaluate whether a simplified self-instruction card can help potential rescue providers use automated external defibrillators(AEDs)more accurately and quickly.METHODS:From June 1,2018,to November 30,2019,a prospective longitudinal randomized controlled simulation study was conducted among 165 laypeople(18–65 years old)without prior AED training.A self-instruction card was designed to illuminate key AED operation procedures.Subjects were randomly divided into the card(n=83)and control(n=82)groups with age stratification.They were then individually evaluated in the same simulated scenario to use AED with(card group)or without the self-instruction card(control group)at baseline,posttraining,and at the 3-month follow-up.RESULTS:At baseline,the card group reached a significantly higher proportion of successful defibrillation(31.1%vs.15.9%,P=0.03),fully baring the chest(88.9%vs.63.4%,P<0.001),correct electrode placement(32.5%vs.17.1%,P=0.03),and resuming cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)(72.3%vs.9.8%,P<0.001).At post-training and follow-up,there were no significant differences in key behaviors,except for resuming CPR.Time to shock and time to resume CPR were shorter in the card group,while time to power-on AED was not different in each phase of tests.In the 55–65 years group,the card group achieved more skill improvements over the control group compared to the other age groups.CONCLUSION:The self-instruction card could serve as a direction for first-time AED users and as a reminder for trained subjects.This could be a practical,cost-effective way to improve the AED skills of potential rescue providers among different age groups,including seniors.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB2501102)。
文摘Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)can provide all-weather,all-time,high-precision positioning,navigation and timing services,which plays an important role in national security,national economy,public life and other aspects.However,in environments with limited satellite signals such as urban canyons,tunnels,and indoor spaces,it is difficult to provide accurate and reliable positioning services only by satellite navigation.Multi-source sensor integrated navigation can effectively overcome the limitations of single-sensor navigation through the fusion of different types of sensor data such as Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU),vision sensor,and LiDAR,and provide more accurate,stable and robust navigation information in complex environments.We summarizes the research status of multi-source sensor integrated navigation technology,and focuses on the representative innovations and applications of integrated navigation and positioning technology by major domestic scientific research institutions in China during 2019—2023.
文摘研究了水硬度、用水量、洗涤温度和染料转移抑制剂(Dye transfer inhibitor,DTI)对直接蓝6的转移抑制影响。实验结果显示水硬度越小,用水量越大,温度越高,染料转移抑制效果越好。洗涤体系中Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)的存在不仅降低了纤维表面的Zeta电位,还降低了染料与纤维之间的静电排斥力,染料不易脱落。水量越大,染料质量浓度越低,洗涤体系中的初始动压增大,织物内的染料较快流过,减少在织物上的沉积。高温下染料分子解吸速率大于染色速率,20 min的洗涤时间足以使染料从纤维上脱落。在0.3 g/L质量浓度范围内DTI中仅有聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和它的交联聚合物对染料有明显的抑制作用。聚合物因具有许多亲水基团,易与染料结合。而吡啶-n-氧化物和月桂基甜菜碱属于小分子表面活性剂。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants U1637208 and 71773024.the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 11971132.
文摘In this paper,we consider the local discontinuous Galerkin method with generalized alter-nating numerical fluxes for two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations on Carte-sian meshes.The generalized fluxes not only lead to a smaller magnitude of the errors,but can guarantee an energy conservative property that is useful for long time simulations in resolving waves.By virtue of generalized skew-symmetry property of the discontinuous Galerkin spatial operators,two energy equations are established and stability results con-taining energy conservation of the prime variable as well as auxiliary variables are shown.To derive optimal error estimates for nonlinear Schrödinger equations,an additional energy equation is constructed and two a priori error assumptions are used.This,together with properties of some generalized Gauss-Radau projections and a suitable numerical initial condition,implies optimal order of k+1.Numerical experiments are given to demonstrate the theoretical results.
文摘At present, although the human speech separation has achieved fruitful results, it is not ideal for the separation of singing and accompaniment. Based on low-rank and sparse optimization theory, in this paper, we propose a new singing voice separation algorithm called Low-rank, Sparse Representation with pre-learned dictionaries and side Information (LSRi). The algorithm incorporates both the vocal and instrumental spectrograms as sparse matrix and low-rank matrix, meanwhile combines pre-learning dictionary and the reconstructed voice spectrogram form the annotation. Evaluations on the iKala dataset show that the proposed methods are effective and efficient for singing voice separation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971132 and 11971131)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.YQ2021A002)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2020B1515310006)。
文摘In this paper,we present optimal error estimates of the local discontinuous Galerkin method with generalized numerical fluxes for one-dimensional nonlinear convection-diffusion systems.The upwind-biased flux with the adjustable numerical viscosity for the convective term is chosen based on the local characteristic decomposition,which is helpful in resolving discontinuities of degenerate parabolic equations without enforcing any limiting procedure.For the diffusive term,a pair of generalized alternating fluxes is considered.By constructing and analyzing generalized Gauss-Radau projections with respect to different convective or diffusive terms,we derive optimal error estimates for nonlinear convection-diffusion systems with the symmetrizable flux Jacobian and fully nonlinear diffusive problems.Numerical experiments including long time simulations,different boundary conditions and degenerate equations with discontinuous initial data are provided to demonstrate the sharpness of theoretical results.
基金CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2021-I2M-1-026,2022-I2M-2-002,2021I2M-JB-011,China)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773784)Beijing Key Laboratory of NonClinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study(Z141102004414062,China)。
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the deadly diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),which presents a significant public health challenge.Treatment of TB relies on the combination of several anti-TB drugs to create shorter and safer regimens.Therefore,new anti-TB agents working by different mechanisms are urgently needed.FtsZ,a tubulin-like protein with GTPase activity,forms a dynamic Z-ring in cell division.Most of FtsZ inhibitors are designed to inhibit GTPase activity.In Mtb,the function of Z-ring is modulated by SepF,a FtsZ binding protein.The FtsZ/SepF interaction is essential for FtsZ bundling and localization at the site of division.Here,we established a yeast twohybrid based screening system to identify inhibitors of FtsZ/SepF interaction in M.tuberculosis.Using this system,we found compound T0349 showing strong anti-Mtb activity but with low toxicity to other bacteria strains and mice.Moreover,we have demonstrated that T0349 binds specifically to SepF to block FtsZ/SepF interaction by GST pull-down,fluorescence polarization(FP),surface plasmon resonance(SPR)and CRISPRi knockdown assays.Furthermore,T0349 can inhibit bacterial cell division by inducing filamentation and abnormal septum.Our data demonstrated that FtsZ/SepF interaction is a promising anti-TB drug target for identifying agents with novel mechanisms.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Project[Grant No.2019YFC1903900]Key R&D Province[Grant No.2023SFGC0101]Taishan Scholar Project[Grant No.tsqn202103010].
文摘Micro-energy systems contribute significantly to environmental improvement by reducing dependence on power grids through the utilization of multiple renewable energy sources.This study quantified the environmental impact of a micro-energy network system in an industrial park through a life cycle assessment using the operation of the micro-energy network over a year as the functional unit and“cradle-to-gate”as the system boundary.Based on the baseline scenario,a natural gas generator set was added to replace central heating,and the light pipes were expanded to constitute the optimized scenario.The results showed that the key impact categories for both scenarios were global warming,fine particulate matter formation,human carcinogenic toxicity,and human non-carcinogenic toxicity.The overall environmental impact of the optimized scenario was reduced by 68%compared to the baseline scenario.A sensitivity analysis of the key factors showed that electricity from the power grid was the key impact factor in both scenarios,followed by central heating and natural gas.Therefore,to reduce the environmental impact of network systems,it is necessary to further optimize the grid power structure.The research approach can be used to optimize micro-energy networks and evaluate the environmental impact of different energy systems.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22005099)sponsored by Shanghai Pujiang Program(No.19PJ1402500)and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Carbon-based materials with tunable properties have emerged as promising candidates to replace Pt-based catalysts for accelerating oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in fuel cells or metal-air batteries.In this work,we constructed a carbon hybrid which consists of one-dimensional(1D)carbon nanotubes and flake-like carbons by pyrolysis of leaf-like metal-organic frameworks.The optimal hybrid electrocatalyst of Fe_(7%)-L-CNT-900 possesses the desired features for ORR,including active Fe species,high degree of graphitization,large specific surface area,and hierarchical porous structures.Consequently,Fe_(7%)-L-CNT900 performs a high electrocatalytic activity for ORR with a half-wave potential of 0.88 V,which is comparable to that of Pt/C(20 wt.%).This strategy provides an insight into the investigation of highly efficient and low-cost composite electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.
基金financially supported by the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (No. 13ZR1400300)National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFB030900)
文摘Novel magnetic core/shell bimetallic Au/Cu nanoparticles(Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs) were prepared using SiO_2-coated iron oxide(Fe_3O_4@SiO_2) as a supported material. The magnetic Fe_3O_4 colloidal nanocrystal clusters(CNCs) as nano-core were modified with a silica coating for improvement stability and superficial area of the Au-Cu particles. The morphological structure and chemical composition of the Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs were characterized with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analyses. The Au and Cu NPs were deposited on the SiO_2 surface in a highly dense and well dispersed manner with an average size of approximately 5 nm. The Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs as magnetic nano-catalysts were applied to the Ullmann coupling reaction of bromamine acid to synthesize 4,40-diamino-1,10-dianthraquinonyl-3,30-disulfonic acid(DAS). The prepared Fe_3O_4@SiO_2-Au/Cu NPs exhibited efficient catalytic activity with higher conversion and selectivity. A bromamine acid conversion of 97.35% and selectivity for DAS of 88.67% were obtained in aqueous medium. The magnetic nano-catalysts can be readily separated from the reaction system and reused. This new nano-catalytic reaction represents a useful and attractive cleaner production system. The new catalyst system has important and potential applications in dye and pigment industry.
基金This work was supported by CAMS Major Collaborative Innovation Project(No.2016-I2M-1-011)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773784)+2 种基金Beijing Nova Program(No.Z181100006218075)Basic Scientific Research Program of CAMS(No.2018RC350005)Drug Innovation Major Project(No.2018ZX09711001-002-002).
文摘Zika virus(ZIKV)is an emerging pathogen associated with neurological complications,such as Guillain–Barrésyndrome in adults and microcephaly in fetuses and newborns.This mosquito-borne flavivirus causes important social and sanitary problems owing to its rapid dissemination.However,the development of antivirals against ZIKV is lagging.Although various strategies have been used to study anti-ZIKV agents,approved drugs or vaccines for the treatment(or prevention)of ZIKV infections are currently unavailable.Repurposing clinically approved drugs could be an effective approach to quickly respond to an emergency outbreak of ZIKV infections.The well-established safety profiles and optimal dosage of these clinically approved drugs could provide an economical,safe,and efficacious approach to address ZIKV infections.This review focuses on the recent research and development of agents against ZIKV infection by repurposing clinical drugs.Their characteristics,targets,and potential use in anti-ZIKV therapy are presented.This review provides an update and some successful strategies in the search for anti-ZIKV agents are given.
