Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass valorization.Herein,we reported a P-...Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass valorization.Herein,we reported a P-doping bifunctional catalyst(Ni-P/mSiO_(2))that achieved 96.6%yield for the hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone at mild conditions(1 MPaH_(2),150°C).The turnover frequency of Ni-P/mSiO_(2)was 411.9 h^(-1),which was 3.2-fold than that of Ni/mSiO_(2)(127.2 h^(-1)).Detailed characterizations and differential charge density calculations revealed that the electron-deficient Niδ+species were generated by the electron transfer from Ni to P,which promoted the ring rearrangement reaction.Density functional theory calculations illustrated that the presence of P atoms endowed furfural tilted adsorb on the Ni surface by the C=O group and facilitated the desorption of cyclopentanone.This work unraveled the connection between the localized electronic structures and the catalytic properties,so as to provide a promising reference for designing advanced catalysts for biomass valorization.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical application of nutritional management combined with clinical monitoring of glycated albumin(GA)in diabetic nephropathy(DN)dialysis patients.Methods:A total of 20 diabetic nephropathy ...Objective:To explore the clinical application of nutritional management combined with clinical monitoring of glycated albumin(GA)in diabetic nephropathy(DN)dialysis patients.Methods:A total of 20 diabetic nephropathy dialysis patients admitted to the People’s Hospital of Guandu District from January 2022 to February 2023 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into a conventional group(n=10)and an observation group(n=10).The study evaluated the blood glucose control,nutritional status,dialysis efficacy,and quality of life scores of both groups.Results:Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose(FPG),GA,serum albumin,body mass index(BMI),dialysis efficiency values,urea clearance rate,or quality-of-life scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the observation group showed significantly lower FPG and GA levels,higher serum albumin,dialysis efficiency values,urea clearance rate,and improved quality-of-life scores compared to the conventional group(P<0.05),with no difference in BMI(P>0.05).Conclusion:Nutritional management combined with clinical monitoring of glycated albumin has a significant effect on the clinical application of diabetic nephropathy dialysis patients.It can effectively improve patients’blood glucose control and nutritional status,reduce the risk of complications,and enhance the quality of life,demonstrating clinical value for broader application.展开更多
Gibberellin(GA)functions in plant growth and development.However,genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of GA in crop plants are poorly understood.We isolated the mutant gad5-1(GAAssociated Dwarf 5),charact...Gibberellin(GA)functions in plant growth and development.However,genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of GA in crop plants are poorly understood.We isolated the mutant gad5-1(GAAssociated Dwarf 5),characterized by dwarfing,short internodes,and dark green and short leaves.Map-based gene cloning and allelic verification confirmed that ZmGAD5 encodes ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase(KAO),which catalyzes KA(ent-kaurenoic acid)to GA12 conversion during GA biosynthesis in maize.ZmGAD5 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and is present in multiple maize organs.In gad5-1,the expression of ZmGAD5 is severely reduced,and the levels of the direct substrate of KAO,KA,is increased,leading to a reduction in GA content.The abnormal phenotype of gad5-1 was restored by exogenous application of GA3.The biomass,plant height,and levels of GA12 and GA3 in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ZmGAD5 were increased in comparison with the corresponding controls Col-0.These findings deepen our understanding of genes involved in GA biosynthesis,and could lead to the development of maize lines with improved architecture and higher planting-density tolerance.展开更多
With the rapid and wide deployment of renewable energy,the operations of the power system are facing greater challenges when dispatching flexible resources to keep power balance.The output power of renewable energy is...With the rapid and wide deployment of renewable energy,the operations of the power system are facing greater challenges when dispatching flexible resources to keep power balance.The output power of renewable energy is uncertain,and thus flexible regulation for the power balance is highly demanded.Considering the multi-timescale output characteristics of renewable energy,a flexibility evaluation method based on multi-scale morphological decomposition and a multi-timescale energy storage deployment model based on bi-level decision-making are proposed in this paper.Through the multi-timescale decomposition algorithm on the basis of mathematical morphology,the multi-timescale components are separated to determine the flexibility requirements on different timescales.Based on the obtained flexibility requirements,a multi-timescale energy resources deployment model based on bi-level optimization is established considering the economic performance and the flexibility of system operation.This optimization model can allocate corresponding flexibility resources according to the economy,flexibility and reliability requirements of the power system,and achieve the trade-off between them.Finally,case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our model and method.展开更多
This paper summarizes the current knowledge regarding the possible modes of action and nutritional factors involved in the use of essential oils （EOs） for swine and poultry. EOs have recently attracted increased int...This paper summarizes the current knowledge regarding the possible modes of action and nutritional factors involved in the use of essential oils （EOs） for swine and poultry. EOs have recently attracted increased interest as feed additives to be fed to swine and poultry, possibly replacing the use of antibiotic growth promoters which have been prohibited in the European Union since 2006. In general, EOs enhance the production of digestive secretions and nutrient absorption, reduce pathogenic stress in the gut, exert antioxidant properties and reinforce the animal＇s immune status, which help to explain the enhanced performance observed in swine and poultry. However, the mechanisms involved in causing this growth promotion are far from being elucidated, since data on the complex gut ecosystem, gut function, in vivo oxidative status and immune system are still lacking. In addition, limited information is available regarding the interaction between EOs and feed ingredients or other feed additives （especially pro- or prebiotics and organic acids）. This knowledge may help feed formulators to better utilize EOs when they formulate diets for poultry and swine.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB) has high energy density but is limited by the polysulfides shuttle and dendrite growth during cycling. Herein, a free-standing cellulose nanofiber(CNF) separator is designed and fabricated ...Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB) has high energy density but is limited by the polysulfides shuttle and dendrite growth during cycling. Herein, a free-standing cellulose nanofiber(CNF) separator is designed and fabricated in isopropanol/water suspension through vacuum filtration progress. CNFs with abundant polar oxygen-containing functional groups can chemically immobilize the polysulfides, and suppress the formation of the dendrites by controlling the surface morphology of the SEI on lithium metal in LSB. The isopropanol content in a suspension can fine-tune the pore structure of the membrane to achieve optimal electrochemical performance. The prepared separator displays integrated advantages of an ultrathin thickness(19 μm), lightweight(0.87 mg cm^(-2)), extremely high porosity(98.05%), and decent electrolyte affinity. As a result, the discharge capacity of the LSB with CNF separator at the first and 100 th cycle is 1.4 and 1.3 times that of PP separator, respectively. Our research provides an environmentalfriendly and facile strategy for the preparation of multifunctional separators for LSBs.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infusion of gemcitabine(GEM) and fluorouracil(5-FU)through the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods:We analyz...Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infusion of gemcitabine(GEM) and fluorouracil(5-FU)through the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods:We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed clinically or pathologically with PC,without metastases,who had an estimated survival duration of>3 months in our department from May 2009 to December 2014.Nine patients were treated directly without surgical resection of the tumor,while the other 11 patients were treated after surgery.In all patients,the femoral artery was punctured using the Seldinger technique,and a catheter was placed in the opening of the celiac artery or the superior mesenteric artery.We administered 500 mg/m2 GEM and 500 mg/m2 5-FU.Observational data included data on clinical efficacy and survival rates during the follow-up period of 3-72 months.Results:Twenty patients were treated 85 times with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy(TAI).The survival rates were 80%,40%,35%,20%,10%,and 5% at 3,6,12,24,and 72 months,respectively.Conclusion: TAI chemotherapy with GEM and 5-FU may be a therapeutic option for the treatment of PC.展开更多
Multilevel inverters are preferred solutions for photovoltaic(PV)applications because of lower total harmonic distortion(THD),lower switching stress and lower electromagnetic interference(EMI).In order to reduce the l...Multilevel inverters are preferred solutions for photovoltaic(PV)applications because of lower total harmonic distortion(THD),lower switching stress and lower electromagnetic interference(EMI).In order to reduce the leakage current in the single-phase low-power PV inverters,a five-level transformer-less inverter is proposed in this paper.A total of eleven switches are required,while six of them only withstand a quarter of the dc-bus voltage,so the costs for them are low.Another four switches are turned on or off at the power line cycle,the switching losses for them are ignored.In addition,the flying-capacitors(FCs)voltages are only a quarter of the dc-bus voltage,and they are balanced at the switching frequency,which further reduces the system investment.The experimental results based on a 1 kW prototype show that the proposed modulation strategy can balance the FCs voltages at Vdc/4 very well.And the leakage current can be reduced to about 27 mA under both active and reactive operations,which satisfies the VDE 0126-1-1 standard.展开更多
Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxy-compounds to advanced hydrocarbon fuels usually requires bifunctional catalysts containing metals and acidic sites.The appropriate tuning of metal and/or acidic ...Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxy-compounds to advanced hydrocarbon fuels usually requires bifunctional catalysts containing metals and acidic sites.The appropriate tuning of metal and/or acidic active sites at interfaces of bifunctional catalysts can significantly improve catalyst activity and product selectivity.Here,4-trifuoromethyl salicylic acid(TFMSA),as a hydrothermal stable organic acid,was employed to tailor the bifunctional interface of Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)to enhance the catalytic performance on converting lignin-derived phenols to jet fuel range cycloalkanes.More than 80%phenol was converted into cyclohexane at 230°C for 1 h over Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)modified by TFMSA,which was about three times higher than that over unmodified Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3).X-ray diffraction(XRD),Transmission electron microscope(TEM),H2 chemisorption,and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)elemental mapping results indicated that Ru nanoparticles and TFMSA were well distributed onγ-Al_(2)O_(3),and a nanoscale intimacy between Ru and TFMSA was reached.Meanwhile,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after pyridine adsorption(Py-FT-IR)analysis proved that Brønsted acidic sites on the catalytic interfaces of TFMSA modified Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)had been improved.Moreover,the kinetic and density functional theory(DFT)results suggested that the synergistic effects of adjacent Ru nanoparticles and acidic sites were crutial for promoting the rate-limiting conversion step of phenol HDO to cyclohexane.展开更多
Lipid nanoemulsions are promising nanodrug delivery carriers that can improve the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel(PTX).However,no intravenous lipid emulsion of PTX has been approved for clinical treatment,and system...Lipid nanoemulsions are promising nanodrug delivery carriers that can improve the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel(PTX).However,no intravenous lipid emulsion of PTX has been approved for clinical treatment,and systemic safety profiles have not yet been reported.Here we outline the development of a PTXloaded tumor-targeting intravenous lipid emulsion(PTX Emul)and describe its characteristics,colloidal stability,and systemic safety profiles in terms of acute toxicity,long-term toxicity,and toxicokinetics.We also compare PTX Emul with conventional PTX injection.Results showed that PTX Emul exhibited an ideal average particle size(approximately 160 nm)with narrow size distribution and robust colloidal stability under different conditions.Hypersensitivity reaction and hemolysis tests revealed that PTX Emul did not induce hypersensitivity reactions and had no hemolytic potential.In addition,where the alleviated systemic toxicity of PTX Emul may be attributed to the altered toxicokinetic characteristics in beagle dogs,including the decreased AUC and increased plasma clearance and volume of distribution,PTX Emul alleviated acute and long-term toxicity as evidenced by the enhanced the median lethal dose and approximate lethal dose,moderate body weight change,decreased bone marrow suppression and organ toxicity compared with those under PTX injection at the same dose.A fundamental understanding of the systemic safety profiles,high tumor-targeting efficiency,and superior antitumor activity in vivo of PTX Emul can provide powerful evidence of its therapeutic potential as a future treatment for breast cancer.展开更多
Google Earth, a software based on satellite’s images and database of navigation, gains features of high resolution, integrated images, quick update, convenience, simpleness and free cost. Practice of this software sh...Google Earth, a software based on satellite’s images and database of navigation, gains features of high resolution, integrated images, quick update, convenience, simpleness and free cost. Practice of this software shows that it plays an important role in mapping, construction and river research. Based on the fundamental features of Google Earth, this passage makes an introduction to its application in studying modern river sedimentology through the case study of the Yellow River. The results show that Google Earth satellite’s high-resolution images and image overlay functions make it easy for users to quickly navigate river, determine the type of river, track the river flows and measure the terrain slope;the software’s “Ruler” and “Add Path” functions make it easy for users to measure channel width, curvature, amplitude, wavelength, size, morphology of point-bar and other river parameters;the software’s “Historical Image” function has important significance in the study of modern river migration, sedimentary evolution and river geomorphological shape during different seasons.展开更多
Hard carbons as promising anode materials for Na-ion batteries(NIBs) have captured extensive attention because of their low operation voltage, easy synthesis process, and competitive specific capacity. However, there ...Hard carbons as promising anode materials for Na-ion batteries(NIBs) have captured extensive attention because of their low operation voltage, easy synthesis process, and competitive specific capacity. However, there are still several disadvantages, such as high cost and low initial coulombic efficiency, which limit their large-scale commercial applications.Herein, pine nut shells(PNSs), a low-cost biomass waste, are used as precursors to prepare hard carbon materials. Via a series of washing and heat treatment procedures, a pine nut shell hard carbon(PNSHC)-1400 sample has been obtained and delivers a reversible capacity of around 300 mAh/g, a high initial coulombic efficiency of 84%, and good cycling performance. These excellent Na storage properties indicate that PNSHC is one of the most promising candidates of hard carbon anodes for NIBs.展开更多
As one of the divisions in China Southern Power Grid, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation has conducted research and demonstration projects on multiple smart grid technologies to improve the power system reliability, save o...As one of the divisions in China Southern Power Grid, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation has conducted research and demonstration projects on multiple smart grid technologies to improve the power system reliability, save operation cost and enhance measurement accuracy. In this paper, we will introduce The Study of Yunnan Mountain Substation Data Aggregation Technology based on Sparse Methods. Most substations are built in the mountain, the complex geological conditions and poor natural conditions put forward higher requirements on the substation running and real-time comprehensive monitoring of substation system. Processing and polymerization research of large amounts of the monitoring data and information is studied in this article. This paper introduces the sparse methods and then explains the thinning algorithm, especially new algorithm is proposed. Finally, the substation sparse method architecture is put forward and the simulation experiment was carried out to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
The phase change of lacustrine gravity flow deposition is fast and complex. In its reservoir division and correlation, the isochronous problem is very important. Taking the oil formation I of Es3 in Wuhaozhuang oilfie...The phase change of lacustrine gravity flow deposition is fast and complex. In its reservoir division and correlation, the isochronous problem is very important. Taking the oil formation I of Es3 in Wuhaozhuang oilfield as an example, through the analysis of stratigraphic drilling and logging data in the study area, according to the genetic types of different levels of base level cycle interfaces and the characteristics of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, this paper subdivides the lacustrine gravity flow oil layer of lower Es3 in Wuhaozhuang Oilfield, divides it into four short-term base level cycle sequences, and establishes the high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework of this interval. It is found that the mid-term, short-term and ultra short-term base level cycles correspond to the oil formation, sand layer group and single layer in the oil layer correlation unit of the oilfield respectively. Based on this, the oil layer correlation unit of the interval is divided, and the sublayer correlation model is established according to the identification characteristics of the short-term base level cycle.展开更多
The characteristics of sedimentary petrology are significant in determining geological provenance. By using field outcrop observation and indoor identification of thin sections, the characteristics of Jurassic system ...The characteristics of sedimentary petrology are significant in determining geological provenance. By using field outcrop observation and indoor identification of thin sections, the characteristics of Jurassic system Tuchengzi Formation clastic rocks exposed in the Beijing Yanqing “flowerpot” basin, which include rock types, clastic composition and cement type, etc. have been analyzed systematically to identify the provenance direction and tectonic setting and nature of the provenance. Research shows that the sedimentary rocks in this area belong to analluvial fan and braided river sedimentary rock system and include mainly conglomerates, lithic sandstone, and feldspathic lithic sandstone. The main compositions of the conglomerate are dolomite and limestone. Nearly 50% to 70% of the sandstones are mainly polycrystalline quartz;10% to 15% are feldspar;and 40% to 55% are composed of debris from mainly magmatic and metamorphic rocks. A Dickinson triangular diagram indicates that the provenance type in this area is recycled orogny evolving from clastic recycled orogeny such as a collisional orogenic belt to a transitional recycled orogeny. On the basis of the geographic position and tectonic setting, three types of provenance can be identified in the Jurassic system Tuchengzi Formation. The far source provenances are Archean erathem basement metamorphic rocks in the northern basin and granite or adamellite that intruded rocks of the Late Jurassic epoch of the Yanshanian period in the northeast. The nearby provenance is the Mesoproterozoic erathem Changchengian system and Jixianianian system dolomite in both the east and west.展开更多
Calcium-based biomaterials have been intensively studied in the field of drug delivery owing to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.Calcium-based materials can also deliver contrast agents,which can ...Calcium-based biomaterials have been intensively studied in the field of drug delivery owing to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.Calcium-based materials can also deliver contrast agents,which can enhance real-time imaging and exert a Ca^(2+)-interfering therapeutic effect.Based on these characteristics,amorphous calcium carbonate(ACC),as a brunch of calcium-based biomaterials,has the potential to become a widely used biomaterial.Highly functional ACC can be either discovered in natural organisms or obtained by chemical synthesis However,the standalone presence of ACC is unstable in vivo.Additives are required to be used as stabilizers or core-shell structures formed by permeable layers or lipids with modified molecules constructed to maintain the stability of ACC until the ACC carrier reaches its destination.ACC has high chemical instability and can produce biocompatible products when exposed to an acidic condition in vivo,such as Ca^(2+) with an immune-regulating ability and CO_(2) with an imaging-enhancing ability.Owing to these characteristics,ACC has been studied for selfsacrificing templates of carrier construction,targeted delivery of oncology drugs,immunomodulation,tumor imaging,tissue engineering,and calcium supplementation.Emphasis in this paper has been placed on the origin,structural features,and multiple applications of ACC.Meanwhile,ACC faces many challenges in clinical translation,and long-term basic research is required to overcome these challenges.We hope that this study will contribute to future innovative research on ACC.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the colon and disrupted intestinal function.Ramulus mori(Sangzhi)alkaloids(SZ-A),derived from twigs of mulberry...Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the colon and disrupted intestinal function.Ramulus mori(Sangzhi)alkaloids(SZ-A),derived from twigs of mulberry,were approved by the National Medical Products Administration in 2020 for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.Accumulated evidence has confirmed that SZ-A also alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and ameliorates inflammation,indicating its potential to address inflammation in UC.However,the treatment of UC faces challenges due to low drug delivery efficiency and short retention time.To overcome these challenges,an injectable and adherent in-situ thermo-sensitive hydrogel containing SZ-A was developed for rectal drug delivery,utilizing the thermo-sensitive polymers Poloxamer 407and 188.The thermo-sensitive hydrogel system was designed with a moderate gelation temperature of 32±0.5℃,a short gelation time of 64 s,a p H range of 7-10,high moisturizing capability exceeding 90%,and moderate mechanical strength of 4-5 s.In a rat model with UC,the in situ thermo-sensitive hydrogel significantly extended the retention time at the colonic site and enabled sustained release after rectal administration.Symptoms of UC were markedly reduced following rectal administration of SZ-A thermosensitive hydrogel.Furthermore,the release of inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),significantly decreased in the SZ-A thermo-sensitive hydrogel group.The integrity of the colonic mucosal barrier was significantly enhanced following the application of SZ-A thermo-sensitive hydrogel.In conclusion,rectal administration of SZ-A in situ thermo-sensitive hydrogel effectively alleviated UC symptoms,inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors,and promoted the repair of the colonic mucosal barrier.This approach holds promise as a potential treatment for UC.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD1701504)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University Fund(1011-00109018)the Beijing Innovation Team of the Modern Agricultural Research System(BAIC08-2023-FQ02)。
文摘Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass valorization.Herein,we reported a P-doping bifunctional catalyst(Ni-P/mSiO_(2))that achieved 96.6%yield for the hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone at mild conditions(1 MPaH_(2),150°C).The turnover frequency of Ni-P/mSiO_(2)was 411.9 h^(-1),which was 3.2-fold than that of Ni/mSiO_(2)(127.2 h^(-1)).Detailed characterizations and differential charge density calculations revealed that the electron-deficient Niδ+species were generated by the electron transfer from Ni to P,which promoted the ring rearrangement reaction.Density functional theory calculations illustrated that the presence of P atoms endowed furfural tilted adsorb on the Ni surface by the C=O group and facilitated the desorption of cyclopentanone.This work unraveled the connection between the localized electronic structures and the catalytic properties,so as to provide a promising reference for designing advanced catalysts for biomass valorization.
基金Project of People’s Hospital of Guandu District,Kunming,Yunnan Province“Study on the Correlation Between Glycated Albumin and the Nutritional Status of Diabetic Dialysis Patients”(Project No.2022-03-05-012)。
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical application of nutritional management combined with clinical monitoring of glycated albumin(GA)in diabetic nephropathy(DN)dialysis patients.Methods:A total of 20 diabetic nephropathy dialysis patients admitted to the People’s Hospital of Guandu District from January 2022 to February 2023 were included in the study.They were randomly divided into a conventional group(n=10)and an observation group(n=10).The study evaluated the blood glucose control,nutritional status,dialysis efficacy,and quality of life scores of both groups.Results:Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose(FPG),GA,serum albumin,body mass index(BMI),dialysis efficiency values,urea clearance rate,or quality-of-life scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the observation group showed significantly lower FPG and GA levels,higher serum albumin,dialysis efficiency values,urea clearance rate,and improved quality-of-life scores compared to the conventional group(P<0.05),with no difference in BMI(P>0.05).Conclusion:Nutritional management combined with clinical monitoring of glycated albumin has a significant effect on the clinical application of diabetic nephropathy dialysis patients.It can effectively improve patients’blood glucose control and nutritional status,reduce the risk of complications,and enhance the quality of life,demonstrating clinical value for broader application.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20206,Chun-Peng Song)the Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(SCKJJYRC-2022-78,Baozhu Li)+1 种基金the Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(21IRTSTHN019,Siyi Guo)the 111 Project of China(D16014).
文摘Gibberellin(GA)functions in plant growth and development.However,genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of GA in crop plants are poorly understood.We isolated the mutant gad5-1(GAAssociated Dwarf 5),characterized by dwarfing,short internodes,and dark green and short leaves.Map-based gene cloning and allelic verification confirmed that ZmGAD5 encodes ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase(KAO),which catalyzes KA(ent-kaurenoic acid)to GA12 conversion during GA biosynthesis in maize.ZmGAD5 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and is present in multiple maize organs.In gad5-1,the expression of ZmGAD5 is severely reduced,and the levels of the direct substrate of KAO,KA,is increased,leading to a reduction in GA content.The abnormal phenotype of gad5-1 was restored by exogenous application of GA3.The biomass,plant height,and levels of GA12 and GA3 in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ZmGAD5 were increased in comparison with the corresponding controls Col-0.These findings deepen our understanding of genes involved in GA biosynthesis,and could lead to the development of maize lines with improved architecture and higher planting-density tolerance.
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52107129).
文摘With the rapid and wide deployment of renewable energy,the operations of the power system are facing greater challenges when dispatching flexible resources to keep power balance.The output power of renewable energy is uncertain,and thus flexible regulation for the power balance is highly demanded.Considering the multi-timescale output characteristics of renewable energy,a flexibility evaluation method based on multi-scale morphological decomposition and a multi-timescale energy storage deployment model based on bi-level decision-making are proposed in this paper.Through the multi-timescale decomposition algorithm on the basis of mathematical morphology,the multi-timescale components are separated to determine the flexibility requirements on different timescales.Based on the obtained flexibility requirements,a multi-timescale energy resources deployment model based on bi-level optimization is established considering the economic performance and the flexibility of system operation.This optimization model can allocate corresponding flexibility resources according to the economy,flexibility and reliability requirements of the power system,and achieve the trade-off between them.Finally,case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our model and method.
文摘This paper summarizes the current knowledge regarding the possible modes of action and nutritional factors involved in the use of essential oils （EOs） for swine and poultry. EOs have recently attracted increased interest as feed additives to be fed to swine and poultry, possibly replacing the use of antibiotic growth promoters which have been prohibited in the European Union since 2006. In general, EOs enhance the production of digestive secretions and nutrient absorption, reduce pathogenic stress in the gut, exert antioxidant properties and reinforce the animal＇s immune status, which help to explain the enhanced performance observed in swine and poultry. However, the mechanisms involved in causing this growth promotion are far from being elucidated, since data on the complex gut ecosystem, gut function, in vivo oxidative status and immune system are still lacking. In addition, limited information is available regarding the interaction between EOs and feed ingredients or other feed additives （especially pro- or prebiotics and organic acids）. This knowledge may help feed formulators to better utilize EOs when they formulate diets for poultry and swine.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFB1501500)the National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars of China(21922815)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(2020YFB1505800)the Research and Development Project of Key Core and Common Technology of Shanxi Province(2020XXX014)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(20210302123008,20210302124101)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB) has high energy density but is limited by the polysulfides shuttle and dendrite growth during cycling. Herein, a free-standing cellulose nanofiber(CNF) separator is designed and fabricated in isopropanol/water suspension through vacuum filtration progress. CNFs with abundant polar oxygen-containing functional groups can chemically immobilize the polysulfides, and suppress the formation of the dendrites by controlling the surface morphology of the SEI on lithium metal in LSB. The isopropanol content in a suspension can fine-tune the pore structure of the membrane to achieve optimal electrochemical performance. The prepared separator displays integrated advantages of an ultrathin thickness(19 μm), lightweight(0.87 mg cm^(-2)), extremely high porosity(98.05%), and decent electrolyte affinity. As a result, the discharge capacity of the LSB with CNF separator at the first and 100 th cycle is 1.4 and 1.3 times that of PP separator, respectively. Our research provides an environmentalfriendly and facile strategy for the preparation of multifunctional separators for LSBs.
基金funded by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LZ18H180001)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81971713 and 81,371,658)+5 种基金National S&T Major Project of China (NO.2018ZX10301201)Grant from Health Commission of Zhejiang Province (JBZX-202004)Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019)The Key Research Development Program of Zhejiang province (Grant No.2018C03018)Key Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang province (No.WKJ-ZJ-1923)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0114102)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infusion of gemcitabine(GEM) and fluorouracil(5-FU)through the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods:We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed clinically or pathologically with PC,without metastases,who had an estimated survival duration of>3 months in our department from May 2009 to December 2014.Nine patients were treated directly without surgical resection of the tumor,while the other 11 patients were treated after surgery.In all patients,the femoral artery was punctured using the Seldinger technique,and a catheter was placed in the opening of the celiac artery or the superior mesenteric artery.We administered 500 mg/m2 GEM and 500 mg/m2 5-FU.Observational data included data on clinical efficacy and survival rates during the follow-up period of 3-72 months.Results:Twenty patients were treated 85 times with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy(TAI).The survival rates were 80%,40%,35%,20%,10%,and 5% at 3,6,12,24,and 72 months,respectively.Conclusion: TAI chemotherapy with GEM and 5-FU may be a therapeutic option for the treatment of PC.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant 51977069the Innovative Talents of“High-Level Talent Gathering Project”of Hunan Province,China Under Grant 2018RS3048+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province,China Under Grant 2020JJ2007the First Key Research and Talents Preprogram of Changsha,Hunan Province,China Under Grant kq2004020.
文摘Multilevel inverters are preferred solutions for photovoltaic(PV)applications because of lower total harmonic distortion(THD),lower switching stress and lower electromagnetic interference(EMI).In order to reduce the leakage current in the single-phase low-power PV inverters,a five-level transformer-less inverter is proposed in this paper.A total of eleven switches are required,while six of them only withstand a quarter of the dc-bus voltage,so the costs for them are low.Another four switches are turned on or off at the power line cycle,the switching losses for them are ignored.In addition,the flying-capacitors(FCs)voltages are only a quarter of the dc-bus voltage,and they are balanced at the switching frequency,which further reduces the system investment.The experimental results based on a 1 kW prototype show that the proposed modulation strategy can balance the FCs voltages at Vdc/4 very well.And the leakage current can be reduced to about 27 mA under both active and reactive operations,which satisfies the VDE 0126-1-1 standard.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1501500)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21903001)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1908085QB58)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2020TC116)the Research Innovation Fund for Graduate Students of CAU(2020XYZC05A)。
文摘Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)of biomass-derived oxy-compounds to advanced hydrocarbon fuels usually requires bifunctional catalysts containing metals and acidic sites.The appropriate tuning of metal and/or acidic active sites at interfaces of bifunctional catalysts can significantly improve catalyst activity and product selectivity.Here,4-trifuoromethyl salicylic acid(TFMSA),as a hydrothermal stable organic acid,was employed to tailor the bifunctional interface of Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)to enhance the catalytic performance on converting lignin-derived phenols to jet fuel range cycloalkanes.More than 80%phenol was converted into cyclohexane at 230°C for 1 h over Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)modified by TFMSA,which was about three times higher than that over unmodified Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3).X-ray diffraction(XRD),Transmission electron microscope(TEM),H2 chemisorption,and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)elemental mapping results indicated that Ru nanoparticles and TFMSA were well distributed onγ-Al_(2)O_(3),and a nanoscale intimacy between Ru and TFMSA was reached.Meanwhile,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after pyridine adsorption(Py-FT-IR)analysis proved that Brønsted acidic sites on the catalytic interfaces of TFMSA modified Ru/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)had been improved.Moreover,the kinetic and density functional theory(DFT)results suggested that the synergistic effects of adjacent Ru nanoparticles and acidic sites were crutial for promoting the rate-limiting conversion step of phenol HDO to cyclohexane.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.:2018ZX09711001)Beijing Nova Program(Grant No.:Z211100002121127)+2 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.:L212059)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.:3332021101)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,Grant No.:2022-I2M-JB-011).
文摘Lipid nanoemulsions are promising nanodrug delivery carriers that can improve the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel(PTX).However,no intravenous lipid emulsion of PTX has been approved for clinical treatment,and systemic safety profiles have not yet been reported.Here we outline the development of a PTXloaded tumor-targeting intravenous lipid emulsion(PTX Emul)and describe its characteristics,colloidal stability,and systemic safety profiles in terms of acute toxicity,long-term toxicity,and toxicokinetics.We also compare PTX Emul with conventional PTX injection.Results showed that PTX Emul exhibited an ideal average particle size(approximately 160 nm)with narrow size distribution and robust colloidal stability under different conditions.Hypersensitivity reaction and hemolysis tests revealed that PTX Emul did not induce hypersensitivity reactions and had no hemolytic potential.In addition,where the alleviated systemic toxicity of PTX Emul may be attributed to the altered toxicokinetic characteristics in beagle dogs,including the decreased AUC and increased plasma clearance and volume of distribution,PTX Emul alleviated acute and long-term toxicity as evidenced by the enhanced the median lethal dose and approximate lethal dose,moderate body weight change,decreased bone marrow suppression and organ toxicity compared with those under PTX injection at the same dose.A fundamental understanding of the systemic safety profiles,high tumor-targeting efficiency,and superior antitumor activity in vivo of PTX Emul can provide powerful evidence of its therapeutic potential as a future treatment for breast cancer.
文摘Google Earth, a software based on satellite’s images and database of navigation, gains features of high resolution, integrated images, quick update, convenience, simpleness and free cost. Practice of this software shows that it plays an important role in mapping, construction and river research. Based on the fundamental features of Google Earth, this passage makes an introduction to its application in studying modern river sedimentology through the case study of the Yellow River. The results show that Google Earth satellite’s high-resolution images and image overlay functions make it easy for users to quickly navigate river, determine the type of river, track the river flows and measure the terrain slope;the software’s “Ruler” and “Add Path” functions make it easy for users to measure channel width, curvature, amplitude, wavelength, size, morphology of point-bar and other river parameters;the software’s “Historical Image” function has important significance in the study of modern river migration, sedimentary evolution and river geomorphological shape during different seasons.
基金Project supported by the President Fund Project of China Institute of Atomic Energy
文摘Hard carbons as promising anode materials for Na-ion batteries(NIBs) have captured extensive attention because of their low operation voltage, easy synthesis process, and competitive specific capacity. However, there are still several disadvantages, such as high cost and low initial coulombic efficiency, which limit their large-scale commercial applications.Herein, pine nut shells(PNSs), a low-cost biomass waste, are used as precursors to prepare hard carbon materials. Via a series of washing and heat treatment procedures, a pine nut shell hard carbon(PNSHC)-1400 sample has been obtained and delivers a reversible capacity of around 300 mAh/g, a high initial coulombic efficiency of 84%, and good cycling performance. These excellent Na storage properties indicate that PNSHC is one of the most promising candidates of hard carbon anodes for NIBs.
文摘As one of the divisions in China Southern Power Grid, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation has conducted research and demonstration projects on multiple smart grid technologies to improve the power system reliability, save operation cost and enhance measurement accuracy. In this paper, we will introduce The Study of Yunnan Mountain Substation Data Aggregation Technology based on Sparse Methods. Most substations are built in the mountain, the complex geological conditions and poor natural conditions put forward higher requirements on the substation running and real-time comprehensive monitoring of substation system. Processing and polymerization research of large amounts of the monitoring data and information is studied in this article. This paper introduces the sparse methods and then explains the thinning algorithm, especially new algorithm is proposed. Finally, the substation sparse method architecture is put forward and the simulation experiment was carried out to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘The phase change of lacustrine gravity flow deposition is fast and complex. In its reservoir division and correlation, the isochronous problem is very important. Taking the oil formation I of Es3 in Wuhaozhuang oilfield as an example, through the analysis of stratigraphic drilling and logging data in the study area, according to the genetic types of different levels of base level cycle interfaces and the characteristics of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, this paper subdivides the lacustrine gravity flow oil layer of lower Es3 in Wuhaozhuang Oilfield, divides it into four short-term base level cycle sequences, and establishes the high-resolution isochronous stratigraphic framework of this interval. It is found that the mid-term, short-term and ultra short-term base level cycles correspond to the oil formation, sand layer group and single layer in the oil layer correlation unit of the oilfield respectively. Based on this, the oil layer correlation unit of the interval is divided, and the sublayer correlation model is established according to the identification characteristics of the short-term base level cycle.
文摘The characteristics of sedimentary petrology are significant in determining geological provenance. By using field outcrop observation and indoor identification of thin sections, the characteristics of Jurassic system Tuchengzi Formation clastic rocks exposed in the Beijing Yanqing “flowerpot” basin, which include rock types, clastic composition and cement type, etc. have been analyzed systematically to identify the provenance direction and tectonic setting and nature of the provenance. Research shows that the sedimentary rocks in this area belong to analluvial fan and braided river sedimentary rock system and include mainly conglomerates, lithic sandstone, and feldspathic lithic sandstone. The main compositions of the conglomerate are dolomite and limestone. Nearly 50% to 70% of the sandstones are mainly polycrystalline quartz;10% to 15% are feldspar;and 40% to 55% are composed of debris from mainly magmatic and metamorphic rocks. A Dickinson triangular diagram indicates that the provenance type in this area is recycled orogny evolving from clastic recycled orogeny such as a collisional orogenic belt to a transitional recycled orogeny. On the basis of the geographic position and tectonic setting, three types of provenance can be identified in the Jurassic system Tuchengzi Formation. The far source provenances are Archean erathem basement metamorphic rocks in the northern basin and granite or adamellite that intruded rocks of the Late Jurassic epoch of the Yanshanian period in the northeast. The nearby provenance is the Mesoproterozoic erathem Changchengian system and Jixianianian system dolomite in both the east and west.
基金supported by Beijing Nova Program(Z211100002121127 and 20220484219,China)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L212059,China)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3332021101,China)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,2021-I2M-1-026 and 2021-I2M-1-028,China).
文摘Calcium-based biomaterials have been intensively studied in the field of drug delivery owing to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.Calcium-based materials can also deliver contrast agents,which can enhance real-time imaging and exert a Ca^(2+)-interfering therapeutic effect.Based on these characteristics,amorphous calcium carbonate(ACC),as a brunch of calcium-based biomaterials,has the potential to become a widely used biomaterial.Highly functional ACC can be either discovered in natural organisms or obtained by chemical synthesis However,the standalone presence of ACC is unstable in vivo.Additives are required to be used as stabilizers or core-shell structures formed by permeable layers or lipids with modified molecules constructed to maintain the stability of ACC until the ACC carrier reaches its destination.ACC has high chemical instability and can produce biocompatible products when exposed to an acidic condition in vivo,such as Ca^(2+) with an immune-regulating ability and CO_(2) with an imaging-enhancing ability.Owing to these characteristics,ACC has been studied for selfsacrificing templates of carrier construction,targeted delivery of oncology drugs,immunomodulation,tumor imaging,tissue engineering,and calcium supplementation.Emphasis in this paper has been placed on the origin,structural features,and multiple applications of ACC.Meanwhile,ACC faces many challenges in clinical translation,and long-term basic research is required to overcome these challenges.We hope that this study will contribute to future innovative research on ACC.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(No.82304393,China)Beijing Nova Program(Nos.Z211100002121127 and 20220484219,China)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L212059,China)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2021-I2M-1-028,China)。
文摘Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the colon and disrupted intestinal function.Ramulus mori(Sangzhi)alkaloids(SZ-A),derived from twigs of mulberry,were approved by the National Medical Products Administration in 2020 for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.Accumulated evidence has confirmed that SZ-A also alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and ameliorates inflammation,indicating its potential to address inflammation in UC.However,the treatment of UC faces challenges due to low drug delivery efficiency and short retention time.To overcome these challenges,an injectable and adherent in-situ thermo-sensitive hydrogel containing SZ-A was developed for rectal drug delivery,utilizing the thermo-sensitive polymers Poloxamer 407and 188.The thermo-sensitive hydrogel system was designed with a moderate gelation temperature of 32±0.5℃,a short gelation time of 64 s,a p H range of 7-10,high moisturizing capability exceeding 90%,and moderate mechanical strength of 4-5 s.In a rat model with UC,the in situ thermo-sensitive hydrogel significantly extended the retention time at the colonic site and enabled sustained release after rectal administration.Symptoms of UC were markedly reduced following rectal administration of SZ-A thermosensitive hydrogel.Furthermore,the release of inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,IL-18,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),significantly decreased in the SZ-A thermo-sensitive hydrogel group.The integrity of the colonic mucosal barrier was significantly enhanced following the application of SZ-A thermo-sensitive hydrogel.In conclusion,rectal administration of SZ-A in situ thermo-sensitive hydrogel effectively alleviated UC symptoms,inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors,and promoted the repair of the colonic mucosal barrier.This approach holds promise as a potential treatment for UC.
