Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of plasma C-reactive protein(CRP) level in patients with paraquat poisoning.Methods: This study included 162 patients with paraquat poisoning. The data of plasma paraquat...Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of plasma C-reactive protein(CRP) level in patients with paraquat poisoning.Methods: This study included 162 patients with paraquat poisoning. The data of plasma paraquat, CRP level and arterial blood gas were analyzed. Cox regression analysis was applied to evaluate the risk factors of prognosis. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis and area under curve were used to calculate the predictive power of significant variable. Differences in patient survival were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method and a log-rank test.Results: Plasma CRP level was significantly increased in non-survival patients compared with survival patients(P < 0.05), and positively correlated with plasma paraquat level(P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that plasma CRP level was an independent prognostic marker of mortality within 30 days. The receiver operating characteristics curve analysis indicated that area under curve of plasma CRP level was0.867(95% CI: 0.81–0.93), and the cut-off value was 18 mg/L, and patients with CRP level over this value had a poor survival time compared with those with less than this value.Conclusions: These results suggest that plasma CRP level is distinct increased in patients with paraquat poisoning, and the plasma CRP level may be useful for the prediction of prognosis in paraquat poisoning.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Cerebrospinal fluid can be an inducer for neural stem cells in vitro, but few studies employ cerebrospinal fluid to culture olfactory ensheathing cells. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the growth of nasal muco...BACKGROUND： Cerebrospinal fluid can be an inducer for neural stem cells in vitro, but few studies employ cerebrospinal fluid to culture olfactory ensheathing cells. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the growth of nasal mucosa olfactory ensheathing cells in normal cerebrospinal fluid, and to analyze the feasibility of cerebrospinal fluid for culturing olfactory ensheathing cells used for transplantation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A completely randomized, block design study was performed at the Cell Laboratory, Wuxi Third People＇s Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China, in August 2008. MATERIALS： Dulbecco＇s modified Eagle＇s medium/F12 （DMEM/F12） and fetal bovine serum （Gibco BRL, USA）, mouse anti-rat P75 monoclonal antibody and rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein polyclonal anti body （＇Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA）, mouse anti-rat myelin basic protein monoclonal antibody （Cymbus, UK）, mouse anti-rat microtubule-associated protein-2 monoclonal antibody （Transduction Laboratories, USA）, FITC conjugated rabbit anti-mouse monoclonal antibody （Boster, China）, TRITC conjugated goat anti-rabbit monoclonal antibody （Sigma, USA） were used. METHODS： Nasal mucosa olfactory ensheathing cells were separately incubated in DMEM/F12, cerebrospinal fluid, and changing DMEM/F12 into cerebrospinal fluid. Adult female Sprague Dawley rat models of spinal hemisection were established. Nerve injury was repaired by transplantation of nasal mucosa olfactory ensheathing cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid or DMEM/F12. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The proliferative ability of olfactory ensheathing cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid was determined by a 3-（4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The morphology and purity of olfactory ensheathing cells were detected using immunohistochemistry. Animal behavior was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale. Morphological repair was assessed by a horseradish peroxidase-tetramethylbenzidine retrograde tracer technique and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Changing from DMEM/F12 to cerebrospinal fluid did not change overall culture morphology and purity on day 14. These cells also contributed to myelinization and the conduction velocity of regenerated axons, and improved motor abilities of denervated muscle fibers in rats with spinal cord injury. The recovery of behavioral function and neuronal regeneration was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION： Cerebrospinal fluid culture prior to autologous olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation is feasible for clinical use.展开更多
Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) has been widely used in small area estimation for health indicators. Bayesian estimation is usually used to construct statistical intervals, however, its computational intensity i...Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) has been widely used in small area estimation for health indicators. Bayesian estimation is usually used to construct statistical intervals, however, its computational intensity is a big challenge for large complex surveys. Frequentist approaches, such as bootstrapping, and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, are also applied but not evaluated in terms of the interval magnitude, width, and the computational time consumed. The 2013 Florida Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data was used as a case study. County-level estimated prevalence of three health-related outcomes was obtained through a GLMM;and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated from bootstrapping and MC simulation. The intervals were compared to 95% credential intervals through a hierarchial Bayesian model. The results showed that 95% CIs for county-level estimates of each outcome by using MC simulation were similar to the 95% credible intervals generated by Bayesian estimation and were the most computationally efficient. It could be a viable option for constructing statistical intervals for small area estimation in public health practice.展开更多
Treatment and functional reconstruction after central nervous system injury is a major medical and social challenge. An increasing number of researchers are attempting to use neural stem cells combined with artificial...Treatment and functional reconstruction after central nervous system injury is a major medical and social challenge. An increasing number of researchers are attempting to use neural stem cells combined with artificial scaffold materials, such as fibroin, for nerve repair. However, such approaches are challenged by ethical and practical issues. Amniotic tissue, a clinical waste product, is abundant, and amniotic epithe- lial cells are pluripotent, have low immunogenicity, and are not the subject of ethical debate. We hypothesized that amniotic epithelial cells combined with silk fibroin scaffolds would be conducive to the repair of spinal cord injury. To test this, we isolated and cultured amniotic epithelial cells, and constructed complexes of these cells and silk fibroin scaffolds. Implantation of the cell-scaffold complex into a rat model of spinal cord injury resulted in a smaller glial scar in the damaged cord tissue than in model rats that received a blank scaffold, or amniotic epithelial cells alone. In addition to a milder local immunological reaction, the rats showed less inflammatory cell infiltration at the trans- plant site, milder host-versus-graft reaction, and a marked improvement in motor function. These findings confirm that the transplantation of amniotic epithelial ceils combined with silk fibroin scaffold can promote the repair of spinal cord injury. Silk fibroin scaffold can provide a good nerve regeneration microenvironment for amniotic epithelial cells.展开更多
Metasurfaces,with extremely exotic capabilities to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves,have derived a plethora of advanced metadevices with intriguing functionalities.Tremendous endeavors have been mainly devoted to t...Metasurfaces,with extremely exotic capabilities to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves,have derived a plethora of advanced metadevices with intriguing functionalities.Tremendous endeavors have been mainly devoted to the static metasurfaces and metadevices,where the functionalities cannot be actively tuned in situ post-fabrication.Due to the in-trinsic advantage of active tunability by external stimulus,graphene has been successively demonstrated as a favorable candidate to empower metasurfaces with remarkably dynamic tunability,and their recent advances are propelling the EM wave manipulations to a new height:from static to dynamic.Here,we review the recent progress on dynamic metasur-faces and metadevices enabled by graphene with the focus on electrically-controlled dynamic manipulation of the EM waves covering the mid-infrared,terahertz,and microwave regimes.The fundamentals of graphene,including basic ma-terial properties and plasmons,are first discussed.Then,graphene-empowered dynamic metasurfaces and met-adevices are divided into two categories,i.e.,metasurfaces with building blocks of structured graphene and hybrid metasurfaces integrated with graphene,and their recent advances in dynamic spectrum manipulation,wavefront shap-ing,polarization control,and frequency conversion in near/far fields and global/local ways are elaborated.In the end,we summarize the progress,outline the remaining challenges,and prospect the potential future developments.展开更多
基金Supported by grants from the Guangxi Project Of Scientific Research And Technology(201501-2-10)Guangxi Project Of Health Suitable Technology(S201302-04)
文摘Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of plasma C-reactive protein(CRP) level in patients with paraquat poisoning.Methods: This study included 162 patients with paraquat poisoning. The data of plasma paraquat, CRP level and arterial blood gas were analyzed. Cox regression analysis was applied to evaluate the risk factors of prognosis. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis and area under curve were used to calculate the predictive power of significant variable. Differences in patient survival were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method and a log-rank test.Results: Plasma CRP level was significantly increased in non-survival patients compared with survival patients(P < 0.05), and positively correlated with plasma paraquat level(P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that plasma CRP level was an independent prognostic marker of mortality within 30 days. The receiver operating characteristics curve analysis indicated that area under curve of plasma CRP level was0.867(95% CI: 0.81–0.93), and the cut-off value was 18 mg/L, and patients with CRP level over this value had a poor survival time compared with those with less than this value.Conclusions: These results suggest that plasma CRP level is distinct increased in patients with paraquat poisoning, and the plasma CRP level may be useful for the prediction of prognosis in paraquat poisoning.
基金the National Trauma Program (973 Program), No. 2005CB522600
文摘BACKGROUND： Cerebrospinal fluid can be an inducer for neural stem cells in vitro, but few studies employ cerebrospinal fluid to culture olfactory ensheathing cells. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the growth of nasal mucosa olfactory ensheathing cells in normal cerebrospinal fluid, and to analyze the feasibility of cerebrospinal fluid for culturing olfactory ensheathing cells used for transplantation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A completely randomized, block design study was performed at the Cell Laboratory, Wuxi Third People＇s Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China, in August 2008. MATERIALS： Dulbecco＇s modified Eagle＇s medium/F12 （DMEM/F12） and fetal bovine serum （Gibco BRL, USA）, mouse anti-rat P75 monoclonal antibody and rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein polyclonal anti body （＇Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA）, mouse anti-rat myelin basic protein monoclonal antibody （Cymbus, UK）, mouse anti-rat microtubule-associated protein-2 monoclonal antibody （Transduction Laboratories, USA）, FITC conjugated rabbit anti-mouse monoclonal antibody （Boster, China）, TRITC conjugated goat anti-rabbit monoclonal antibody （Sigma, USA） were used. METHODS： Nasal mucosa olfactory ensheathing cells were separately incubated in DMEM/F12, cerebrospinal fluid, and changing DMEM/F12 into cerebrospinal fluid. Adult female Sprague Dawley rat models of spinal hemisection were established. Nerve injury was repaired by transplantation of nasal mucosa olfactory ensheathing cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid or DMEM/F12. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The proliferative ability of olfactory ensheathing cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid was determined by a 3-（4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The morphology and purity of olfactory ensheathing cells were detected using immunohistochemistry. Animal behavior was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale. Morphological repair was assessed by a horseradish peroxidase-tetramethylbenzidine retrograde tracer technique and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Changing from DMEM/F12 to cerebrospinal fluid did not change overall culture morphology and purity on day 14. These cells also contributed to myelinization and the conduction velocity of regenerated axons, and improved motor abilities of denervated muscle fibers in rats with spinal cord injury. The recovery of behavioral function and neuronal regeneration was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION： Cerebrospinal fluid culture prior to autologous olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation is feasible for clinical use.
文摘Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) has been widely used in small area estimation for health indicators. Bayesian estimation is usually used to construct statistical intervals, however, its computational intensity is a big challenge for large complex surveys. Frequentist approaches, such as bootstrapping, and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, are also applied but not evaluated in terms of the interval magnitude, width, and the computational time consumed. The 2013 Florida Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data was used as a case study. County-level estimated prevalence of three health-related outcomes was obtained through a GLMM;and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated from bootstrapping and MC simulation. The intervals were compared to 95% credential intervals through a hierarchial Bayesian model. The results showed that 95% CIs for county-level estimates of each outcome by using MC simulation were similar to the 95% credible intervals generated by Bayesian estimation and were the most computationally efficient. It could be a viable option for constructing statistical intervals for small area estimation in public health practice.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Wuxi Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission,No.MS201402
文摘Treatment and functional reconstruction after central nervous system injury is a major medical and social challenge. An increasing number of researchers are attempting to use neural stem cells combined with artificial scaffold materials, such as fibroin, for nerve repair. However, such approaches are challenged by ethical and practical issues. Amniotic tissue, a clinical waste product, is abundant, and amniotic epithe- lial cells are pluripotent, have low immunogenicity, and are not the subject of ethical debate. We hypothesized that amniotic epithelial cells combined with silk fibroin scaffolds would be conducive to the repair of spinal cord injury. To test this, we isolated and cultured amniotic epithelial cells, and constructed complexes of these cells and silk fibroin scaffolds. Implantation of the cell-scaffold complex into a rat model of spinal cord injury resulted in a smaller glial scar in the damaged cord tissue than in model rats that received a blank scaffold, or amniotic epithelial cells alone. In addition to a milder local immunological reaction, the rats showed less inflammatory cell infiltration at the trans- plant site, milder host-versus-graft reaction, and a marked improvement in motor function. These findings confirm that the transplantation of amniotic epithelial ceils combined with silk fibroin scaffold can promote the repair of spinal cord injury. Silk fibroin scaffold can provide a good nerve regeneration microenvironment for amniotic epithelial cells.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0303800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61805277, 11634010, 91950207, 11974283, 11774290)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (3102017AX009, 3102019PY002, 3102019JC008)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (2019JQ-447, 2020JM-130)
文摘Metasurfaces,with extremely exotic capabilities to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves,have derived a plethora of advanced metadevices with intriguing functionalities.Tremendous endeavors have been mainly devoted to the static metasurfaces and metadevices,where the functionalities cannot be actively tuned in situ post-fabrication.Due to the in-trinsic advantage of active tunability by external stimulus,graphene has been successively demonstrated as a favorable candidate to empower metasurfaces with remarkably dynamic tunability,and their recent advances are propelling the EM wave manipulations to a new height:from static to dynamic.Here,we review the recent progress on dynamic metasur-faces and metadevices enabled by graphene with the focus on electrically-controlled dynamic manipulation of the EM waves covering the mid-infrared,terahertz,and microwave regimes.The fundamentals of graphene,including basic ma-terial properties and plasmons,are first discussed.Then,graphene-empowered dynamic metasurfaces and met-adevices are divided into two categories,i.e.,metasurfaces with building blocks of structured graphene and hybrid metasurfaces integrated with graphene,and their recent advances in dynamic spectrum manipulation,wavefront shap-ing,polarization control,and frequency conversion in near/far fields and global/local ways are elaborated.In the end,we summarize the progress,outline the remaining challenges,and prospect the potential future developments.
