The district cooling system (DCS) with ice storage can reduce the peak electricity demand of the business district buildings it serves, improve system efficiency, and lower operational costs. This study utilizes a mon...The district cooling system (DCS) with ice storage can reduce the peak electricity demand of the business district buildings it serves, improve system efficiency, and lower operational costs. This study utilizes a monitoring and control platform for DCS with ice storage to analyze historical parameter values related to system operation and executed operations. We assess the distribution of cooling loads among various devices within the DCS, identify operational characteristics of the system through correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), and subsequently determine key parameters affecting changes in cooling loads. Accurate forecasting of cooling loads is crucial for determining optimal control strategies. The research process can be summarized briefly as follows: data preprocessing, parameter analysis, parameter selection, and validation of load forecasting performance. The study reveals that while individual devices in the system perform well, there is considerable room for improving overall system efficiency. Six principal components have been identified as input parameters for the cold load forecasting model, with each of these components having eigenvalues greater than 1 and contributing to an accumulated variance of 87.26%, and during the dimensionality reduction process, we obtained a confidence ellipse with a 95% confidence interval. Regarding cooling load forecasting, the Relative Absolute Error (RAE) value of the light gradient boosting machine (lightGBM) algorithm is 3.62%, Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) is 42.75%, and R-squared value (R<sup>2</sup>) is 92.96%, indicating superior forecasting performance compared to other commonly used cooling load forecasting algorithms. This research provides valuable insights and auxiliary guidance for data analysis and optimizing operations in practical engineering applications. .展开更多
背景IgG4相关性自身免疫性胰腺炎(IgG4 related autoim-mune pancreatitis,IgG4-AIP)是一种由自身免疫介导的胰腺炎,该病的临床表现缺乏特异性,鉴别诊断常有难度,糖皮质激素对该疾病的治疗的指征及疗程仍存争议.本研究希望通过分析疾病...背景IgG4相关性自身免疫性胰腺炎(IgG4 related autoim-mune pancreatitis,IgG4-AIP)是一种由自身免疫介导的胰腺炎,该病的临床表现缺乏特异性,鉴别诊断常有难度,糖皮质激素对该疾病的治疗的指征及疗程仍存争议.本研究希望通过分析疾病的临床特征提高疾病的认识和诊疗,通过分析疾病复发的相关影响因素找出降低疾病复发率的治疗方案.目的研究IgG4-AIP的临床特征及其治疗疗效、复发的影响因素.方法回顾性分析46例确诊IgG4-AIP患者的临床资料特点及分析疾病复发的相关影响因素.结果本研究中,纳入的46例患者IgG4-AIP患者男女比例为10.5:1.IgG4-AIP最常见的临床表现为梗阻性黄疸.52.1%的IgG4-AIP患者合并了胰外器官受累,最常见的胰外器官为胆管.91.3%的IgG4-AIP患者血清IgG4数值高于正常值.IgG4-AIP的影像学检查主要表现为胰腺弥漫肿胀或局部肿大,伴胆胰管狭窄.81.2%的IgG4-AIP患者通过超声内镜引导下胰腺穿刺活检获得病理学组织,典型的IgG4-AIP病理学检查示胰腺纤维组织增生,淋巴细胞、浆细胞浸润,胰腺腺泡萎缩,其中50%的IgG4-AIP患者病理免疫组化法示大量IgG4阳性浆细胞.糖皮质激素治疗IgG4-AIP均有效,但36.8%的患者治疗缓解后复发,其中71.4%患者是停用糖皮质激素后复发.Logistic多因素回归分析示复发的危险因素是胰源性门脉高压和胰外器官受累,小剂量糖皮质激素长期维持治疗可以预防复发.结论IgG4-AIP的临床表现缺乏特异性,容易被误诊为胰腺癌.IgG4-AIP的主要表现为血清IgG4水平升高、胰腺弥漫肿胀或局部肿大伴胆胰管狭窄、多器官受累、IgG4阳性浆细胞浸润、组织纤维化、对糖皮质激素治疗有效.IgG4-AIP复发的危险因素是胰源性门脉高压和胰外器官受累,小剂量糖皮质激素维持治疗可以预防复发.展开更多
Dietary flavonoids are abundant in natural plants and possess multiple pharmacological and nutritional activities.In this study,apigenin,luteolin,and baicalein were chosen to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in hig...Dietary flavonoids are abundant in natural plants and possess multiple pharmacological and nutritional activities.In this study,apigenin,luteolin,and baicalein were chosen to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in high-glucose and dexamethasone induced insulin-resistant(IR)HepG2 cells.All flavonoids improves the glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis abilities in IR-HepG2 cells via activating glucose transporter protein 4(GLUT4)and phosphor-glycogen synthase kinase(GSK-3β).These fl avonoids signifi cantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and advanced glycation end-products(AGEs),which were closely related to the suppression of the phosphorylation form of NF-κB and P65.The expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1),insulin receptor substrate-2(IRS-2)and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway in IR-HepG2 cells were all partially activated by the fl avonoids,with variable effects.Furthermore,the intracellular metabolic conditions of the fl avonoids were also evaluated.展开更多
Meat products are an important part in our daily diet,providing valuable nutrients for the human body.However,heating processes cause the meat to become more appetizing with changes in texture,appearance,flavor,and ch...Meat products are an important part in our daily diet,providing valuable nutrients for the human body.However,heating processes cause the meat to become more appetizing with changes in texture,appearance,flavor,and chemical properties by the altering of protein structure and other ingredients.As one kind of cooking-induced contaminants,heterocyclic aromatic amines(HAAs)are widely present in protein aceous food products with strong carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.In order to promote the safety of traditional meat products,this review focused on the formation,metabolism,biological monitoring and inhibitory mechanism of HAA.An overview of the formation pathways,hazards,and control methods of HAAs during food processing in recent years was studied,aiming to provide some valuable information for exploring effective methods to inhibit the production of associated hazards during food processing.Systematic selection of different types of flavonoids to explore their effects on the formation of HAAs in an actual barbecue system can provide theoretical reference for effectively controlling the formation of HAAs and reducing their harm to human health.展开更多
The development of automation,the Internet of Things(IoT),artificial intelligence(AI),big data,and other digi-tal technologies has made it imperative for pharmaceutical companies to undergo digital transformation to i...The development of automation,the Internet of Things(IoT),artificial intelligence(AI),big data,and other digi-tal technologies has made it imperative for pharmaceutical companies to undergo digital transformation to improve their research and development capabilities,increase the quality of their products,lower operating costs,and gain a competitive edge.One of the most crucial steps in the life-cycle riskman-agement chain for drugs is digital quality assurance(DQA).Based on a literature review,questionnaire survey,and expert consensus,a panel of experts was convened in Shanghai to generate a set of conceptual,pharmaceutical manufacturing-specific DQA specifications.The goal of the consensus is to advance common practices that use digital tools to quickly collect,record,evaluate,and review particular forms of data to enhance the automation of quality assurance and make drug quality activities more efficient.展开更多
This paper constructed and studied a nonresident computer virus model with age structure and two delays effects. The non-negativity and boundedness of the solution of the model have been discussed, and then gave the b...This paper constructed and studied a nonresident computer virus model with age structure and two delays effects. The non-negativity and boundedness of the solution of the model have been discussed, and then gave the basic regeneration number, and obtained the conditions for the existence and the stability of the virus-free equilibrium and the computer virus equilibrium. Theoretical analysis shows the conditions under which the model undergoes Hopf bifurcation in three different cases. The numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.展开更多
In order to analyze the impact of dispersal on disease transmission, we establish an SIS epidemic integrodifference model with a nonlinear incidence function. Firstly, the discrete-time SIS epidemic model is establish...In order to analyze the impact of dispersal on disease transmission, we establish an SIS epidemic integrodifference model with a nonlinear incidence function. Firstly, the discrete-time SIS epidemic model is established and studied, including the existence and stability of equilibria, the existence of a flip bifurcation, and chaos. Secondly, the SIS epidemic integrodifference model is built based on the discrete-time SIS epidemic model with dispersal. The dynamic analysis of the model includes the existence and stability of equilibria, the existence of a traveling wave solution, and a minus-one bifurcation. Finally, the results suggest that dispersal causes the system to become more unstable and accelerates the spread of the disease when the equilibrium is unstable. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.展开更多
In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO) Expert Committee on GIST thoroughl...In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO) Expert Committee on GIST thoroughly discussed the key contents of the consensus guidelines, and voted on the controversial issue. In final, the Chinese consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GIST(2017 edition) was formed on the basis of 2013 edition consensus guidelines, which is hereby announced. The consensus included the pathological diagnosis,recurrence risk classification evaluation, targeted agent therapy, surgery and principles of surveillance of GIST.展开更多
In addition to its lipid-lowering effect, atorvastatin exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects as well. In this study, we hypothesized that atorvastatin could protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion inj...In addition to its lipid-lowering effect, atorvastatin exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects as well. In this study, we hypothesized that atorvastatin could protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion model was established, and atorvastatin, 6.5 mg/kg, was administered by gavage. We found that, after cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury, levels of the inflammation-related factors E-selectin and myeloperoxidase were upregulated, the oxidative stress-related marker malondialdehyde was increased, and superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in the ischemic cerebral cortex. Atorvastatin pretreatment significantly inhibited these changes. Our findings indicate that atorvastatin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.展开更多
AIM: To compare the prognostic assessment of lymph node ratio and absolute number based staging system for gastric cancer after D2 resection. METHODS: The clinical, pathologic, and long-term follow-up data of 427 pati...AIM: To compare the prognostic assessment of lymph node ratio and absolute number based staging system for gastric cancer after D2 resection. METHODS: The clinical, pathologic, and long-term follow-up data of 427 patients with gastric cancer that underwent D2 curative gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The relationships between the metastatic lymph node ratio (MLR), log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), and positive lymph nodes (pN) staging methods and the long-term prognoses of the patients were compared. In addition, the survival curves, accuracy, and homogeneity were compared with stratification to evaluate the prognostic assessment of the 3 methods when the number of tested lymph nodes was insufficient (< 10 and 10-15). RESULTS: MLR [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.401, P = 0.012], LODDS (HR = 1.012,P = 0.034), and pN (HR = 1.376, P = 0.005) were independent risk factors for gastric cancer patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the prognostic accuracy of the 3 methods was comparable (P > 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that MLR, LODDS, and pN were all positively correlated with the total number of tested lymph nodes. When the number of tested lymph node was < 10, the value of survival curves staged by MLR and LODDS was superior to those of pN staging. However, the difference in survival curves between adjacent stages was not significant. In addition, the survival rate of stage 4 patients using the MLR and LODDS staging methods was 26.7% and 27.3% with < 10 lymph node, respectively which were significantly higher than the survival rate of patients with > 15 tested lymph nodes (< 4%). The ROC curve showed that the accuracy of the prognostic assessment of MLR, LODDS, and pN staging methods was comparable (P > 0.05), and the area under the ROC curve of all 3 methods were increased progressively with the enhanced levels of examined lymph nodes. In addition, the homogeneity of the 3 methods in patients with ≤ 15 tested lymph nodes also showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Neither MLR or LODDS could reduce the staging bias. A sufficient number of tested lymph nodes is key to ensure an accurate prognosis for patients underwent D2 radical gastrectomy.展开更多
Passively mode-locked fiber lasers emit femtosecond pulse trains with excellent short-term stability. The quantum-limited timing jitter of a free running femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser working at room temperatur...Passively mode-locked fiber lasers emit femtosecond pulse trains with excellent short-term stability. The quantum-limited timing jitter of a free running femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser working at room temperature is considerably below one femtosecond at high Fourier frequency. The ultrashort pulse train with ultralow timing jitter enables absolute time-of-flight measurements based on a dual-comb implementation, which is typically composed of a pair of optical frequency combs generated by femtosecond lasers. Dead-zone-free absolute distance measurement with sub-micrometer precision and kHz update rate has been routinely achieved with a dual-comb configuration, which is promising for a number of precision manufacturing applications, from large step-structure measurements prevalent in microelectronic profilometry to three coordinate measurements in large-scale aerospace manufacturing and shipbuilding. In this paper, we first review the sub-femtosecond precision timing jitter characterization methods and approaches for ultralow timing jitter mode-locked fiber laser design. Then, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art dual-comb absolute ranging technology in terms of working principles, experimental implementations, and measurement precisions. Finally, we discuss the impact of quantum-limited timing jitter on the dual-comb ranging precision at a high update rate. The route to highprecision dual-comb range finder design based on ultralow jitter femtosecond fiber lasers is proposed.展开更多
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) have improved the overall survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs), but their side effects can impact dose intensity and, consequently, the clinical benefit. To...Tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) have improved the overall survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs), but their side effects can impact dose intensity and, consequently, the clinical benefit. To date, no guideline or consensus has been published on the TKI-associated adverse reactions. Therefore, the Chinese Society of Surgeons for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized an expert panel discussion involving representatives from gastrointestinal surgery, medical oncology, cardiology, dermatology, nephrology, endocrinology, and ophthalmology to consider the systemic clinical symptoms, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and treatment recommendations of GISTs. Here, we present the resultant evidence-and experience-based consensus to guide the management of TKI-associated side events in clinical practice.展开更多
Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of seed maturation and directly affects wheat yield and quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis of an elite Chinese b...Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of seed maturation and directly affects wheat yield and quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis of an elite Chinese bread wheat cultivar(Jimai 20) during grain development using the Gene Chip Wheat Genome Array. Grain morphology and scanning electron microscope observations showed that the period of 11–15 days post-anthesis(DPA) was a key stage for the synthesis and accumulation of seed starch. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling and significance analysis of microarrays revealed that the period from 11 to 15 DPA was more important than the 15–20 DPA stage for the synthesis and accumulation of nutritive reserves.Series test of cluster analysis of differential genes revealed five statistically significant gene expression profiles. Gene ontology annotation and enrichment analysis gave further information about differentially expressed genes, and Map Man analysis revealed expression changes within functional groups during seed development. Metabolic pathway network analysis showed that major and minor metabolic pathways regulate one another to ensure regular seed development and nutritive reserve accumulation. We performed gene co-expression network analysis to identify genes that play vital roles in seed development and identified several key genes involved in important metabolic pathways. The transcriptional expression of eight key genes involved in starch and protein synthesis and stress defense was further validated by q RT-PCR. Our results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of wheat seed development and the determinants of yield and quality.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether the expression of kallikrein 12(KLK12) is related to the development of gastric cancer(GC) and to determine the role of KLK12 in gastric cancer cells growth,invasion and migration.METHODS:Be...AIM:To investigate whether the expression of kallikrein 12(KLK12) is related to the development of gastric cancer(GC) and to determine the role of KLK12 in gastric cancer cells growth,invasion and migration.METHODS:Between September 2007 and March 2008,133 patients with histologically confirmed GC were recruited for the study.Expression of KLK12 was detected in samples from GC patients by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.The relationship between KLK12 protein expression and clinicopathological features of GC was analyzed.The difference in 5-year survival rates between the high KLK12 protein expression group and the low KLK12 expression group was compared.Additionally,the expression of KLK12 was examined in various human GC cell lines,including MKN-28,SGC-7901 and MKN-45.Small interfering RNA(siRNA) was used to inhibit KLK12 expression in MKN-45 cells.Cell clones stably transfected with KLK12 siRNA were tested for KLK12 expression by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.Furthermore,a series of functional assays were performed in this study to assess the biological features of transfected cells.Cell proliferation was assessed using the methylthiazolyltetrazoliumassay.Finally,cell migration and invasion were assessed using transwell chamber assays.RESULTS:Of the 133 GC patients included in the study,126(94.7%) showed a higher expression level of KLK12 mRNA when compared to noncancerous tissue specimens.Expression of KLK12 mRNA was significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissue(P < 0.001).KLK12 protein expression was detected in 96 of 133(72.2%) GC samples with moderate or strong staining primarily in the cytoplasm.In contrast,negative immunostaining for KLK12 protein was observed in the corresponding normal gastric mucosal tissue.Overexpression of KLK12 protein was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis(P = 0.001),histological type(P < 0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis stage(P = 0.005),while no significant correlation was observed between expression of KLK12 protein and sex,age,depth of invasion,tumor size or lymphatic invasion.Furthermore,patients with high KLK12 expression had a significantly poorer 5-year survival rate than those with low KLK12 expression(P = 0.002).Expression of KLK12 mRNA was significantly higher in MKN-45 GC cells compared to normal mucosal cells or two other GC cell lines(P < 0.01).Expression of KLK12 in MKN-45 cells was downregulated after transfection with siRNA.Knockdown of KLK12 markedly decreased the proliferation of MKN-45 cells when compared with parent or mock-transfected cells(P = 0.001),especially from the 3rd to the 5th day of the assay.In migration assays,fewer KLK12 siRNA cells migrated through the chambers(22.00 ± 1.81) when compared to the parent(46.47 ± 2.42) or mock-transfected cells(45.40 ± 1.99);these differences were statistically significant(P < 0.001).However,in the invasion assay,the number of KLK12 siRNA cells that invaded the chambers was 18.40 ± 1.12,closely similar to both the parent(18.67 ± 0.98) and mock-transfected cells(18.53 ± 0.92).There was no significantly difference between the three groups in the invasion assay(P = 0.054).CONCLUSION:The KLK12 gene is markedly overexpressed in GC tissue,and its expression status may be a powerful prognostic indicator for patients with GC.KLK12 might serve as a novel diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in GC.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the utility of liver reserve function by acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI) imaging in patients with liver tumors. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with liver tumors were enrolled in this study. Seru...AIM: To evaluate the utility of liver reserve function by acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI) imaging in patients with liver tumors. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with liver tumors were enrolled in this study. Serum biochemical indexes, such as aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), serum albumin(ALB), total bilirubin(T-Bil), and other indicators were observed. Liver stiffness(LS) was measured by ARFI imaging, measurements were repeated 10 times, and the average value of the results was taken as the final LS value. Indocyanine green(ICG) retention was performed, and ICG-K and ICG-R15 were recorded. Child-Pugh(CP) scores were carried out based on patient's preoperative biochemical tests and physical condition. Correlations among CP scores,ICG-R15, ICG-K and LS values were observed and analyzed using either the Pearson correlation coefficient or the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. KruskalWallis test was used to compare LS values of CP scores, and the receiver-operator characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze liver reserve function assessment accuracy. RESULTS: LS in the ICG-R15 10%-20% group was significantly higher than in the ICG-R15 < 10% group; and the difference was statistically significant(2.19 ± 0.27 vs 1.59 ± 0.32, P < 0.01). LS in the ICG-R15 > 20% group was significantly higher than in the ICG-R15 < 10% group; and the difference was statistically significant(2.92 ± 0.29 vs 1.59 ± 0.32, P < 0.01). The LS value in patients with CP class A was lower than in patients with CP class B(1.57 ± 0.34 vs 1.86 ± 0.27, P < 0.05), while the LS value in patients with CP class B was lower than in patients with CP class C(1.86 ± 0.27 vs 2.47 ± 0.33, P < 0.01). LS was positively correlated with ICG-R15(r = 0.617, P < 0.01) and CP score(r = 0.772, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, LS was negatively correlated with ICG-K(r =-0.673, P < 0.01). AST, ALT and T-Bil were positively correlated with LS, while ALB was negatively correlated with LS(P < 0.05). The ROC curve revealed that the when the LS value was 2.34 m/s, the Youden index was at its highest point, sensitivity was 69.2% and specificity was 92.1%. CONCLUSION: For patients with liver tumors, ARFI imaging is a useful tool for assessing liver reserve function.展开更多
Rational designing of one-dimensional(1D)magnetic alloy to facilitate electromagnetic(EM)wave attenuation capability in low-frequency(2-6 GHz)microwave absorption field is highly desired but remains a significant chal...Rational designing of one-dimensional(1D)magnetic alloy to facilitate electromagnetic(EM)wave attenuation capability in low-frequency(2-6 GHz)microwave absorption field is highly desired but remains a significant challenge.In this study,a composite EM wave absorber made of a FeCoNi medium-entropy alloy embedded in a 1D carbon matrix framework is rationally designed through an improved electrospinning method.The 1D-shaped FeCoNi alloy embedded composite demonstrates the high-density and continuous magnetic network using off-axis electronic holography technique,indicating the excellent magnetic loss ability under an external EM field.Then,the in-depth analysis shows that many factors,including 1D anisotropy and intrinsic physical features of the magnetic medium-entropy alloy,primarily contribute to the enhanced EM wave absorption performance.Therefore,the fabricated EM wave absorber shows an increasing effective absorption band of 1.3 GHz in the low-frequency electromagnetic field at an ultrathin thickness of 2 mm.Thus,this study opens up a new method for the design and preparation of high-performance 1D magnetic EM absorbers.展开更多
文摘The district cooling system (DCS) with ice storage can reduce the peak electricity demand of the business district buildings it serves, improve system efficiency, and lower operational costs. This study utilizes a monitoring and control platform for DCS with ice storage to analyze historical parameter values related to system operation and executed operations. We assess the distribution of cooling loads among various devices within the DCS, identify operational characteristics of the system through correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), and subsequently determine key parameters affecting changes in cooling loads. Accurate forecasting of cooling loads is crucial for determining optimal control strategies. The research process can be summarized briefly as follows: data preprocessing, parameter analysis, parameter selection, and validation of load forecasting performance. The study reveals that while individual devices in the system perform well, there is considerable room for improving overall system efficiency. Six principal components have been identified as input parameters for the cold load forecasting model, with each of these components having eigenvalues greater than 1 and contributing to an accumulated variance of 87.26%, and during the dimensionality reduction process, we obtained a confidence ellipse with a 95% confidence interval. Regarding cooling load forecasting, the Relative Absolute Error (RAE) value of the light gradient boosting machine (lightGBM) algorithm is 3.62%, Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) is 42.75%, and R-squared value (R<sup>2</sup>) is 92.96%, indicating superior forecasting performance compared to other commonly used cooling load forecasting algorithms. This research provides valuable insights and auxiliary guidance for data analysis and optimizing operations in practical engineering applications. .
文摘背景IgG4相关性自身免疫性胰腺炎(IgG4 related autoim-mune pancreatitis,IgG4-AIP)是一种由自身免疫介导的胰腺炎,该病的临床表现缺乏特异性,鉴别诊断常有难度,糖皮质激素对该疾病的治疗的指征及疗程仍存争议.本研究希望通过分析疾病的临床特征提高疾病的认识和诊疗,通过分析疾病复发的相关影响因素找出降低疾病复发率的治疗方案.目的研究IgG4-AIP的临床特征及其治疗疗效、复发的影响因素.方法回顾性分析46例确诊IgG4-AIP患者的临床资料特点及分析疾病复发的相关影响因素.结果本研究中,纳入的46例患者IgG4-AIP患者男女比例为10.5:1.IgG4-AIP最常见的临床表现为梗阻性黄疸.52.1%的IgG4-AIP患者合并了胰外器官受累,最常见的胰外器官为胆管.91.3%的IgG4-AIP患者血清IgG4数值高于正常值.IgG4-AIP的影像学检查主要表现为胰腺弥漫肿胀或局部肿大,伴胆胰管狭窄.81.2%的IgG4-AIP患者通过超声内镜引导下胰腺穿刺活检获得病理学组织,典型的IgG4-AIP病理学检查示胰腺纤维组织增生,淋巴细胞、浆细胞浸润,胰腺腺泡萎缩,其中50%的IgG4-AIP患者病理免疫组化法示大量IgG4阳性浆细胞.糖皮质激素治疗IgG4-AIP均有效,但36.8%的患者治疗缓解后复发,其中71.4%患者是停用糖皮质激素后复发.Logistic多因素回归分析示复发的危险因素是胰源性门脉高压和胰外器官受累,小剂量糖皮质激素长期维持治疗可以预防复发.结论IgG4-AIP的临床表现缺乏特异性,容易被误诊为胰腺癌.IgG4-AIP的主要表现为血清IgG4水平升高、胰腺弥漫肿胀或局部肿大伴胆胰管狭窄、多器官受累、IgG4阳性浆细胞浸润、组织纤维化、对糖皮质激素治疗有效.IgG4-AIP复发的危险因素是胰源性门脉高压和胰外器官受累,小剂量糖皮质激素维持治疗可以预防复发.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072212)Multi-Year Research Grant of University of Macao(MYRG2018-00169-ICMS)+5 种基金Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(FDCT)(0098/2020/A)MICINN supporting the Ramón y Cajal grant for M.A.Prieto(RYC-201722891)Jianbo Xiao(RYC2020-030365-I)Xunta de Galicia supporting the Axudas Conecta Peme,the IN852A 2018/58 Neuro Food Project,the program EXCELENCIA-ED431F 2020/12the pre-doctoral grants of P.García-Oliveira(ED481A-2019/295)to Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology(CYTED-AQUA-CIBUS,P317RT0003).
文摘Dietary flavonoids are abundant in natural plants and possess multiple pharmacological and nutritional activities.In this study,apigenin,luteolin,and baicalein were chosen to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in high-glucose and dexamethasone induced insulin-resistant(IR)HepG2 cells.All flavonoids improves the glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis abilities in IR-HepG2 cells via activating glucose transporter protein 4(GLUT4)and phosphor-glycogen synthase kinase(GSK-3β).These fl avonoids signifi cantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and advanced glycation end-products(AGEs),which were closely related to the suppression of the phosphorylation form of NF-κB and P65.The expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1),insulin receptor substrate-2(IRS-2)and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway in IR-HepG2 cells were all partially activated by the fl avonoids,with variable effects.Furthermore,the intracellular metabolic conditions of the fl avonoids were also evaluated.
基金supported by National Postdoctoral Program(2020M682073)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,32061160477)+1 种基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272315,32072209)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2022A1515010694).
文摘Meat products are an important part in our daily diet,providing valuable nutrients for the human body.However,heating processes cause the meat to become more appetizing with changes in texture,appearance,flavor,and chemical properties by the altering of protein structure and other ingredients.As one kind of cooking-induced contaminants,heterocyclic aromatic amines(HAAs)are widely present in protein aceous food products with strong carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.In order to promote the safety of traditional meat products,this review focused on the formation,metabolism,biological monitoring and inhibitory mechanism of HAA.An overview of the formation pathways,hazards,and control methods of HAAs during food processing in recent years was studied,aiming to provide some valuable information for exploring effective methods to inhibit the production of associated hazards during food processing.Systematic selection of different types of flavonoids to explore their effects on the formation of HAAs in an actual barbecue system can provide theoretical reference for effectively controlling the formation of HAAs and reducing their harm to human health.
文摘The development of automation,the Internet of Things(IoT),artificial intelligence(AI),big data,and other digi-tal technologies has made it imperative for pharmaceutical companies to undergo digital transformation to improve their research and development capabilities,increase the quality of their products,lower operating costs,and gain a competitive edge.One of the most crucial steps in the life-cycle riskman-agement chain for drugs is digital quality assurance(DQA).Based on a literature review,questionnaire survey,and expert consensus,a panel of experts was convened in Shanghai to generate a set of conceptual,pharmaceutical manufacturing-specific DQA specifications.The goal of the consensus is to advance common practices that use digital tools to quickly collect,record,evaluate,and review particular forms of data to enhance the automation of quality assurance and make drug quality activities more efficient.
文摘This paper constructed and studied a nonresident computer virus model with age structure and two delays effects. The non-negativity and boundedness of the solution of the model have been discussed, and then gave the basic regeneration number, and obtained the conditions for the existence and the stability of the virus-free equilibrium and the computer virus equilibrium. Theoretical analysis shows the conditions under which the model undergoes Hopf bifurcation in three different cases. The numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.
文摘In order to analyze the impact of dispersal on disease transmission, we establish an SIS epidemic integrodifference model with a nonlinear incidence function. Firstly, the discrete-time SIS epidemic model is established and studied, including the existence and stability of equilibria, the existence of a flip bifurcation, and chaos. Secondly, the SIS epidemic integrodifference model is built based on the discrete-time SIS epidemic model with dispersal. The dynamic analysis of the model includes the existence and stability of equilibria, the existence of a traveling wave solution, and a minus-one bifurcation. Finally, the results suggest that dispersal causes the system to become more unstable and accelerates the spread of the disease when the equilibrium is unstable. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.
文摘In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO) Expert Committee on GIST thoroughly discussed the key contents of the consensus guidelines, and voted on the controversial issue. In final, the Chinese consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GIST(2017 edition) was formed on the basis of 2013 edition consensus guidelines, which is hereby announced. The consensus included the pathological diagnosis,recurrence risk classification evaluation, targeted agent therapy, surgery and principles of surveillance of GIST.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province in China,No.11JJ5081grants from Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department in China,No.2012SK3226 and 2011SK3236the National Natural Science Foudation of China,No.81271298/H0906
文摘In addition to its lipid-lowering effect, atorvastatin exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects as well. In this study, we hypothesized that atorvastatin could protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion model was established, and atorvastatin, 6.5 mg/kg, was administered by gavage. We found that, after cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury, levels of the inflammation-related factors E-selectin and myeloperoxidase were upregulated, the oxidative stress-related marker malondialdehyde was increased, and superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in the ischemic cerebral cortex. Atorvastatin pretreatment significantly inhibited these changes. Our findings indicate that atorvastatin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
文摘AIM: To compare the prognostic assessment of lymph node ratio and absolute number based staging system for gastric cancer after D2 resection. METHODS: The clinical, pathologic, and long-term follow-up data of 427 patients with gastric cancer that underwent D2 curative gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The relationships between the metastatic lymph node ratio (MLR), log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), and positive lymph nodes (pN) staging methods and the long-term prognoses of the patients were compared. In addition, the survival curves, accuracy, and homogeneity were compared with stratification to evaluate the prognostic assessment of the 3 methods when the number of tested lymph nodes was insufficient (< 10 and 10-15). RESULTS: MLR [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.401, P = 0.012], LODDS (HR = 1.012,P = 0.034), and pN (HR = 1.376, P = 0.005) were independent risk factors for gastric cancer patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the prognostic accuracy of the 3 methods was comparable (P > 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that MLR, LODDS, and pN were all positively correlated with the total number of tested lymph nodes. When the number of tested lymph node was < 10, the value of survival curves staged by MLR and LODDS was superior to those of pN staging. However, the difference in survival curves between adjacent stages was not significant. In addition, the survival rate of stage 4 patients using the MLR and LODDS staging methods was 26.7% and 27.3% with < 10 lymph node, respectively which were significantly higher than the survival rate of patients with > 15 tested lymph nodes (< 4%). The ROC curve showed that the accuracy of the prognostic assessment of MLR, LODDS, and pN staging methods was comparable (P > 0.05), and the area under the ROC curve of all 3 methods were increased progressively with the enhanced levels of examined lymph nodes. In addition, the homogeneity of the 3 methods in patients with ≤ 15 tested lymph nodes also showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Neither MLR or LODDS could reduce the staging bias. A sufficient number of tested lymph nodes is key to ensure an accurate prognosis for patients underwent D2 radical gastrectomy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.61475162,61675150,and 61535009)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.18JCYBJC16900)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (Grant No.17JCJQJC43500)
文摘Passively mode-locked fiber lasers emit femtosecond pulse trains with excellent short-term stability. The quantum-limited timing jitter of a free running femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser working at room temperature is considerably below one femtosecond at high Fourier frequency. The ultrashort pulse train with ultralow timing jitter enables absolute time-of-flight measurements based on a dual-comb implementation, which is typically composed of a pair of optical frequency combs generated by femtosecond lasers. Dead-zone-free absolute distance measurement with sub-micrometer precision and kHz update rate has been routinely achieved with a dual-comb configuration, which is promising for a number of precision manufacturing applications, from large step-structure measurements prevalent in microelectronic profilometry to three coordinate measurements in large-scale aerospace manufacturing and shipbuilding. In this paper, we first review the sub-femtosecond precision timing jitter characterization methods and approaches for ultralow timing jitter mode-locked fiber laser design. Then, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art dual-comb absolute ranging technology in terms of working principles, experimental implementations, and measurement precisions. Finally, we discuss the impact of quantum-limited timing jitter on the dual-comb ranging precision at a high update rate. The route to highprecision dual-comb range finder design based on ultralow jitter femtosecond fiber lasers is proposed.
文摘Tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) have improved the overall survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs), but their side effects can impact dose intensity and, consequently, the clinical benefit. To date, no guideline or consensus has been published on the TKI-associated adverse reactions. Therefore, the Chinese Society of Surgeons for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized an expert panel discussion involving representatives from gastrointestinal surgery, medical oncology, cardiology, dermatology, nephrology, endocrinology, and ophthalmology to consider the systemic clinical symptoms, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and treatment recommendations of GISTs. Here, we present the resultant evidence-and experience-based consensus to guide the management of TKI-associated side events in clinical practice.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471485)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Citythe Key Developmental Project of Science and Technology from Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KZ201410028031)
文摘Wheat seed development is an important physiological process of seed maturation and directly affects wheat yield and quality. In this study, we performed dynamic transcriptome microarray analysis of an elite Chinese bread wheat cultivar(Jimai 20) during grain development using the Gene Chip Wheat Genome Array. Grain morphology and scanning electron microscope observations showed that the period of 11–15 days post-anthesis(DPA) was a key stage for the synthesis and accumulation of seed starch. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling and significance analysis of microarrays revealed that the period from 11 to 15 DPA was more important than the 15–20 DPA stage for the synthesis and accumulation of nutritive reserves.Series test of cluster analysis of differential genes revealed five statistically significant gene expression profiles. Gene ontology annotation and enrichment analysis gave further information about differentially expressed genes, and Map Man analysis revealed expression changes within functional groups during seed development. Metabolic pathway network analysis showed that major and minor metabolic pathways regulate one another to ensure regular seed development and nutritive reserve accumulation. We performed gene co-expression network analysis to identify genes that play vital roles in seed development and identified several key genes involved in important metabolic pathways. The transcriptional expression of eight key genes involved in starch and protein synthesis and stress defense was further validated by q RT-PCR. Our results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of wheat seed development and the determinants of yield and quality.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund from Shanghai Science and Technology Committee,No.08411964200
文摘AIM:To investigate whether the expression of kallikrein 12(KLK12) is related to the development of gastric cancer(GC) and to determine the role of KLK12 in gastric cancer cells growth,invasion and migration.METHODS:Between September 2007 and March 2008,133 patients with histologically confirmed GC were recruited for the study.Expression of KLK12 was detected in samples from GC patients by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.The relationship between KLK12 protein expression and clinicopathological features of GC was analyzed.The difference in 5-year survival rates between the high KLK12 protein expression group and the low KLK12 expression group was compared.Additionally,the expression of KLK12 was examined in various human GC cell lines,including MKN-28,SGC-7901 and MKN-45.Small interfering RNA(siRNA) was used to inhibit KLK12 expression in MKN-45 cells.Cell clones stably transfected with KLK12 siRNA were tested for KLK12 expression by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.Furthermore,a series of functional assays were performed in this study to assess the biological features of transfected cells.Cell proliferation was assessed using the methylthiazolyltetrazoliumassay.Finally,cell migration and invasion were assessed using transwell chamber assays.RESULTS:Of the 133 GC patients included in the study,126(94.7%) showed a higher expression level of KLK12 mRNA when compared to noncancerous tissue specimens.Expression of KLK12 mRNA was significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissue(P < 0.001).KLK12 protein expression was detected in 96 of 133(72.2%) GC samples with moderate or strong staining primarily in the cytoplasm.In contrast,negative immunostaining for KLK12 protein was observed in the corresponding normal gastric mucosal tissue.Overexpression of KLK12 protein was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis(P = 0.001),histological type(P < 0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis stage(P = 0.005),while no significant correlation was observed between expression of KLK12 protein and sex,age,depth of invasion,tumor size or lymphatic invasion.Furthermore,patients with high KLK12 expression had a significantly poorer 5-year survival rate than those with low KLK12 expression(P = 0.002).Expression of KLK12 mRNA was significantly higher in MKN-45 GC cells compared to normal mucosal cells or two other GC cell lines(P < 0.01).Expression of KLK12 in MKN-45 cells was downregulated after transfection with siRNA.Knockdown of KLK12 markedly decreased the proliferation of MKN-45 cells when compared with parent or mock-transfected cells(P = 0.001),especially from the 3rd to the 5th day of the assay.In migration assays,fewer KLK12 siRNA cells migrated through the chambers(22.00 ± 1.81) when compared to the parent(46.47 ± 2.42) or mock-transfected cells(45.40 ± 1.99);these differences were statistically significant(P < 0.001).However,in the invasion assay,the number of KLK12 siRNA cells that invaded the chambers was 18.40 ± 1.12,closely similar to both the parent(18.67 ± 0.98) and mock-transfected cells(18.53 ± 0.92).There was no significantly difference between the three groups in the invasion assay(P = 0.054).CONCLUSION:The KLK12 gene is markedly overexpressed in GC tissue,and its expression status may be a powerful prognostic indicator for patients with GC.KLK12 might serve as a novel diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in GC.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the utility of liver reserve function by acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI) imaging in patients with liver tumors. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with liver tumors were enrolled in this study. Serum biochemical indexes, such as aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), serum albumin(ALB), total bilirubin(T-Bil), and other indicators were observed. Liver stiffness(LS) was measured by ARFI imaging, measurements were repeated 10 times, and the average value of the results was taken as the final LS value. Indocyanine green(ICG) retention was performed, and ICG-K and ICG-R15 were recorded. Child-Pugh(CP) scores were carried out based on patient's preoperative biochemical tests and physical condition. Correlations among CP scores,ICG-R15, ICG-K and LS values were observed and analyzed using either the Pearson correlation coefficient or the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. KruskalWallis test was used to compare LS values of CP scores, and the receiver-operator characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze liver reserve function assessment accuracy. RESULTS: LS in the ICG-R15 10%-20% group was significantly higher than in the ICG-R15 < 10% group; and the difference was statistically significant(2.19 ± 0.27 vs 1.59 ± 0.32, P < 0.01). LS in the ICG-R15 > 20% group was significantly higher than in the ICG-R15 < 10% group; and the difference was statistically significant(2.92 ± 0.29 vs 1.59 ± 0.32, P < 0.01). The LS value in patients with CP class A was lower than in patients with CP class B(1.57 ± 0.34 vs 1.86 ± 0.27, P < 0.05), while the LS value in patients with CP class B was lower than in patients with CP class C(1.86 ± 0.27 vs 2.47 ± 0.33, P < 0.01). LS was positively correlated with ICG-R15(r = 0.617, P < 0.01) and CP score(r = 0.772, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, LS was negatively correlated with ICG-K(r =-0.673, P < 0.01). AST, ALT and T-Bil were positively correlated with LS, while ALB was negatively correlated with LS(P < 0.05). The ROC curve revealed that the when the LS value was 2.34 m/s, the Youden index was at its highest point, sensitivity was 69.2% and specificity was 92.1%. CONCLUSION: For patients with liver tumors, ARFI imaging is a useful tool for assessing liver reserve function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51725101,11727807,51672050,61790581,22088101)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(973 Project Nos.2018YFA0209102 and 2021YFA1200600)Infrastructure and Facility Construction Project of Zhejiang Laboratory.
文摘Rational designing of one-dimensional(1D)magnetic alloy to facilitate electromagnetic(EM)wave attenuation capability in low-frequency(2-6 GHz)microwave absorption field is highly desired but remains a significant challenge.In this study,a composite EM wave absorber made of a FeCoNi medium-entropy alloy embedded in a 1D carbon matrix framework is rationally designed through an improved electrospinning method.The 1D-shaped FeCoNi alloy embedded composite demonstrates the high-density and continuous magnetic network using off-axis electronic holography technique,indicating the excellent magnetic loss ability under an external EM field.Then,the in-depth analysis shows that many factors,including 1D anisotropy and intrinsic physical features of the magnetic medium-entropy alloy,primarily contribute to the enhanced EM wave absorption performance.Therefore,the fabricated EM wave absorber shows an increasing effective absorption band of 1.3 GHz in the low-frequency electromagnetic field at an ultrathin thickness of 2 mm.Thus,this study opens up a new method for the design and preparation of high-performance 1D magnetic EM absorbers.
