BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a...BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a group that needs attention.The management of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)involves many aspects of daily life.It is extremely challenging for children and their families.T1DM children have complex medical care needs.Despite the continuous development of therapeutic medicine and treatment technologies,blood glucose control in children with T1DM is still not ideal.They and their parents need to acquire more knowledge and skills before being discharged.AIM To explore the influence of hospital discharge plan based on parental care needs of children with T1DM on discharge readiness,quality of discharge education and blood glucose control level.METHODS In total,102 parents of children with type 1 diabetes were divided into control group and intervention group according to admission time.Fifty cases from February to June 2019 were selected as the control group,and 52 cases from July to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to implement the discharge plan.The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale,Hospital Discharged Education Quality Scale and children's blood glucose metabolism indicators were used to compare the differences in discharge preparation,discharge education quality and blood glucose control between the two groups of children and their parents.RESULTS On the day of discharge,the two groups of children had the following scores of readiness for discharge:The intervention group score was 225.34±32.47,and the control group score was 208.68±29.31.The P value was 0.007,and the difference was statistically significant.The discharge education quality scores were as follows:The intervention group score was 135.11±19.86,the control group score was 124.13±15.56,the P value was 0.002 and the difference was statistically significant.Three months after discharge,the blood glucose metabolism indicator showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin value of the two groups was(7.45%±1.04%),and that of the control group was(8.04%±1.27%),P=0.012.Therefore,the improvement of parents'readiness for discharge,quality of discharge education and blood glucose metabolism indicators(glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose)in the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The discharge plan for children with T1DM can help the children and their families realize the transition from hospital care to home self-management and improve the parents'readiness for discharge,thereby improving children’s blood glucose control levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Parents of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)are under heavy caregiving stress,and parental caregivers'experience can affect the health outcomes of children with T1DM.AIM To describe the true ...BACKGROUND Parents of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)are under heavy caregiving stress,and parental caregivers'experience can affect the health outcomes of children with T1DM.AIM To describe the true inner feelings of parents caring for children with T1DM.METHODS Descriptive research methods were used to classify and summarize parents'experience when adapting to the role of caregivers for children with T1DM.The data was sorted and analyzed using content analysis.Themes of parents'experience caring for children with T1DM were refined,and their feelings were deeply investigated.RESULTS A total of 4 themes and 12 subthemes were identified:(1)Desire for information(disease-related information,home care information,and channels of information acquisition);(2)Skill guidance needs(insulin injection techniques,skills required for symptom management,and skills for parent-child communication);(3)Seeking emotional support(family support,peer support from other parents of children with T1DM,and professional support);and(4)Lack of social support(needs for financial support and needs for social security).Exploring the true experience of parents caring for children with T1DM is of great significance for helping them adapt to their role as caregivers.Nurses should provide professional guidance in terms of information,skills,emotion,and social support to parental caregivers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a serious and potentially blinding complication of diabetes mellitus.Retinal neovascularization is one of the main pathological features of proliferative DR,and inhibiting retinal...BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a serious and potentially blinding complication of diabetes mellitus.Retinal neovascularization is one of the main pathological features of proliferative DR,and inhibiting retinal neovascularization is a research focus.AIM The aim was to evaluate the effect of intravitreal injection of recombinant human maspin on neovascularization in DR.METHODS An oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR)mouse model was used to simulate neovascularization in DR.New born C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided to a normal control group,a maspin injection OIR group,and an OIR group.The mice in the maspin injection OIR group were injected with recombinant human maspin in the bilateral vitreous cavity on postnatal day P12,and those in the OIR group were injected with sterile phosphate buffered saline.The protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha(HIF-1α)in the retina was measured by western blotting,and the mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF-1αwas measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.The vascular cell nuclei that broke through the inner limiting membrane(ILM)were counted in haematoxylin-eosin stained retinal sections.RESULTS It was found that the number of vascular cell nuclei breaking through the ILM was 31.8±8.75 in the OIR group,which was significantly more than that in the normal control group(P<0.001).The number of vascular cell nuclei breaking through the ILM was 6.19±2.91 in the maspin injection OIR group,which was significantly less than that in OIR group(P<0.01).The relative protein and mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF-1αwas significantly lower in the retinas in the maspin injection OIR group than in those in the OIR group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Maspin inhibited neovascularization in DR by modulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway,which provides a potential and effective strategy for the treatment of DR.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a group that needs attention.The management of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)involves many aspects of daily life.It is extremely challenging for children and their families.T1DM children have complex medical care needs.Despite the continuous development of therapeutic medicine and treatment technologies,blood glucose control in children with T1DM is still not ideal.They and their parents need to acquire more knowledge and skills before being discharged.AIM To explore the influence of hospital discharge plan based on parental care needs of children with T1DM on discharge readiness,quality of discharge education and blood glucose control level.METHODS In total,102 parents of children with type 1 diabetes were divided into control group and intervention group according to admission time.Fifty cases from February to June 2019 were selected as the control group,and 52 cases from July to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to implement the discharge plan.The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale,Hospital Discharged Education Quality Scale and children's blood glucose metabolism indicators were used to compare the differences in discharge preparation,discharge education quality and blood glucose control between the two groups of children and their parents.RESULTS On the day of discharge,the two groups of children had the following scores of readiness for discharge:The intervention group score was 225.34±32.47,and the control group score was 208.68±29.31.The P value was 0.007,and the difference was statistically significant.The discharge education quality scores were as follows:The intervention group score was 135.11±19.86,the control group score was 124.13±15.56,the P value was 0.002 and the difference was statistically significant.Three months after discharge,the blood glucose metabolism indicator showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin value of the two groups was(7.45%±1.04%),and that of the control group was(8.04%±1.27%),P=0.012.Therefore,the improvement of parents'readiness for discharge,quality of discharge education and blood glucose metabolism indicators(glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose)in the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The discharge plan for children with T1DM can help the children and their families realize the transition from hospital care to home self-management and improve the parents'readiness for discharge,thereby improving children’s blood glucose control levels.
文摘BACKGROUND Parents of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)are under heavy caregiving stress,and parental caregivers'experience can affect the health outcomes of children with T1DM.AIM To describe the true inner feelings of parents caring for children with T1DM.METHODS Descriptive research methods were used to classify and summarize parents'experience when adapting to the role of caregivers for children with T1DM.The data was sorted and analyzed using content analysis.Themes of parents'experience caring for children with T1DM were refined,and their feelings were deeply investigated.RESULTS A total of 4 themes and 12 subthemes were identified:(1)Desire for information(disease-related information,home care information,and channels of information acquisition);(2)Skill guidance needs(insulin injection techniques,skills required for symptom management,and skills for parent-child communication);(3)Seeking emotional support(family support,peer support from other parents of children with T1DM,and professional support);and(4)Lack of social support(needs for financial support and needs for social security).Exploring the true experience of parents caring for children with T1DM is of great significance for helping them adapt to their role as caregivers.Nurses should provide professional guidance in terms of information,skills,emotion,and social support to parental caregivers.
基金Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation,No.2020-BS-277.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a serious and potentially blinding complication of diabetes mellitus.Retinal neovascularization is one of the main pathological features of proliferative DR,and inhibiting retinal neovascularization is a research focus.AIM The aim was to evaluate the effect of intravitreal injection of recombinant human maspin on neovascularization in DR.METHODS An oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR)mouse model was used to simulate neovascularization in DR.New born C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided to a normal control group,a maspin injection OIR group,and an OIR group.The mice in the maspin injection OIR group were injected with recombinant human maspin in the bilateral vitreous cavity on postnatal day P12,and those in the OIR group were injected with sterile phosphate buffered saline.The protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha(HIF-1α)in the retina was measured by western blotting,and the mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF-1αwas measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.The vascular cell nuclei that broke through the inner limiting membrane(ILM)were counted in haematoxylin-eosin stained retinal sections.RESULTS It was found that the number of vascular cell nuclei breaking through the ILM was 31.8±8.75 in the OIR group,which was significantly more than that in the normal control group(P<0.001).The number of vascular cell nuclei breaking through the ILM was 6.19±2.91 in the maspin injection OIR group,which was significantly less than that in OIR group(P<0.01).The relative protein and mRNA expression of VEGF and HIF-1αwas significantly lower in the retinas in the maspin injection OIR group than in those in the OIR group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Maspin inhibited neovascularization in DR by modulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway,which provides a potential and effective strategy for the treatment of DR.
