Objective: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is an uncommon histological type of breast cancer characterized by a large amount of mucin production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a large class of small noncoding RNA of about...Objective: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is an uncommon histological type of breast cancer characterized by a large amount of mucin production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a large class of small noncoding RNA of about 22 nt involved in the regulation of various biological processes. This study aims to identify the miRNA expression profile in PMBC. Methods: MiRNA expression profiles in 11 PMBCs were analyzed by miRNA-microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-one PMBCs and 27 invasive ductal carcinoma of no special types (IDC-NSTs) were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against ER, PR-progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, p53, PCNA, and CK5 and 6. Results: We analyzed the miRNA expression in 11 PMBCs and corresponding normal tissues using miRNA-microarray and real-time PCR, and found that miR-143 and miR-224-5p were significantly downregulated in mucinous carcinoma tissue. Compared with IDC-NSTs, PMBC showed a significantly higher ER positive rate, lower HER-2 positive rate, and lower cell proliferation rates. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the miRNA expression profile of PMBC, and our findings may lead to further understanding of this type of breast cancer.展开更多
LaMgAl11O19thermal barrier coatings（TBCs） were applied to carbon steels with a NiCoCrAlY bond coat by plasma spraying. The effects of heat treatment on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel coated with LaMgAl11O1...LaMgAl11O19thermal barrier coatings（TBCs） were applied to carbon steels with a NiCoCrAlY bond coat by plasma spraying. The effects of heat treatment on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel coated with LaMgAl11O19TBCs were investigated in 3.5wt% Na Cl solution using polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The results show that a large number of cracks are found in the LaMgAl11O19TBCs after the samples are heat-treated, including some through-thickness cracks. The corrosion forms of the as-sprayed and heat-treated TBCs are uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion, respectively. The as-sprayed TBCs exhibit three EIS time constants after being immersed for less than 7 d, and then a new time constant appears because of steel substrate corrosion. When the immersion time is increased to 56 d, a Warburg impedance（W） component appears in the EIS data. The EIS data for the heat-treated TBCs exhibit only two time constants after the samples are immersed for less than 14 d, and a new time constant appears when the immersion time is increased further. The heat treatment reduces the corrosion resistance of carbon steel coated with LaMgAl11O19TBCs. The corrosion products are primarily γ-Fe OOH and Fe3O4.展开更多
LaMgAl11O19 thermal barrier coatings （TBCs） were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. The crystallization behavior of the coatings and the synthesis mechanism of LaMgAl11O19 powders were researched. The results ...LaMgAl11O19 thermal barrier coatings （TBCs） were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. The crystallization behavior of the coatings and the synthesis mechanism of LaMgAl11O19 powders were researched. The results showed that the plasma-sprayed coatings conmined some amorphous phase, and LaMgAl11O19 powders were partially decomposed into Al2O3, LaAlO3, and MgAl2O4 in the plasma spraying process. The amorphous phase was reerystallized at a temperature of approximately 1174.9℃, at which level the decomposed Al2O3, LaAl2O3, and MgAl2O4 reacted again. The resynthesis temperature of LaMgAl11O19 in the plasma-sprayed coatings was lower than that of LaMgAl11O19 in the original raw powders. The synthesis mechanism of LaMgAl11O19 powders can be summarized as follows： during the first part of the overall reaction, La2O3 reacts with Al2O3 to form LaAl2O3 at approximately 900℃, and then LaAl2O3 further reacts with Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 to produce LaMgAl11O19 at approximately 1200℃.展开更多
Grain size determination is essential in producing and testing iron and steel materials.Grain size determination of martensitic steels usually requires etching with picric acid to reveal the prior austenite grain boun...Grain size determination is essential in producing and testing iron and steel materials.Grain size determination of martensitic steels usually requires etching with picric acid to reveal the prior austenite grain boundaries.However,picric acid is toxic and explosive and belongs to hazardous chemicals,which makes it difficult for laboratories and testing institutions to obtain.A new experimental method was developed to use Nital etchant instead of picric acid.The deep learning method was used to recognize the prior austenite grain boundaries in the etched martensite microstructure,and the grain size could be determined according to the recognition result.Firstly,the polished martensite specimen was etched twice with Nital etchant and picric acid,respectively,and the same position was observed using an optical microscope.The images of the martensitic structure and its prior austenite grain boundary label were obtained,and a data set was constructed.Secondly,based on this data set,a convolutional neural network model with a semantic segmentation function was trained,and the accuracy rate of the test set was 87.53%.Finally,according to the recognition results of the model,the grain size rating can be automatically determined or provide a reference for experimenters,and the difference between the automatic determination results and the measured results is about 0.5 level.展开更多
Through the study of the corrosion behavior of Q235 steel in actual Yingtan soil and two simulated acidic soils with different water contents, the calculation of corrosion mass losses, and the analysis of the corrosio...Through the study of the corrosion behavior of Q235 steel in actual Yingtan soil and two simulated acidic soils with different water contents, the calculation of corrosion mass losses, and the analysis of the corrosion mor- phologies and products by means of scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, the results demonstrated that the diatomite soil could simulate the corrosion in actual soil veritably. In both actual soil and simu- lated soil with 16.4% water content, the corrosion rates of Q235 steel were approximately 0.1 mm/a, the corrosion morphologies were mainly extension and connection of corrosion spots on sample surface, and the corrosion products were composed of a-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe3 O4 and Fe2O3. When other media conditions remained unchanged, the corrosion area of Q235 steel was larger in simulated soil with 34.5 % water content, and the corrosion rate reached 0.48 mm/a after 360 h of corrosion, which was nearly 5 times as the value in actual soil. Compared with the corro- sion products in actual soil, the proportion of γ-FeOOH in simulated soil with 34.5 % water content was higher, and the wα-FeOOH/wγ-FeOOH ratio was 1. 4, which was only 1/3 of the value in actual soil.展开更多
To improve the corrosion resistance of steels for grounding grids, a low-carbon Cr micro-alloyed steel was developed （C 1 steel）, and corrosion behavior of Q235 steel and newly developed C1 steel in simulated acidic...To improve the corrosion resistance of steels for grounding grids, a low-carbon Cr micro-alloyed steel was developed （C 1 steel）, and corrosion behavior of Q235 steel and newly developed C1 steel in simulated acidic soil was investigated. The corrosion rate was evaluated with the mass loss measurements, while the corrosion morphology of surface and cross section of rust layer was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion products were analyzed by energy- dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the polarization curve was measured using potentiodynamic polarization method. Results indicated that C 1 steel displayed good corrosion resistance in the simulated acidic soil, of which the corrosion rate was only 30% of that of Q235 steel after corrosion for 360 h. The analysis of rust layer showed that lower carbon content in steel could reduce the tendency of micro cell corrosion and appropriate amount of chromium could improve the corrosion potential of metal matrix. Moreover, the analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the chromium enriched in inner rust layer of C1 steel existed mainly in the form of Fe2CrO4, which facilitated the formation of Cr-goethite and improved the protection of corrosion products.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grand No. 81001187)
文摘Objective: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is an uncommon histological type of breast cancer characterized by a large amount of mucin production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a large class of small noncoding RNA of about 22 nt involved in the regulation of various biological processes. This study aims to identify the miRNA expression profile in PMBC. Methods: MiRNA expression profiles in 11 PMBCs were analyzed by miRNA-microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-one PMBCs and 27 invasive ductal carcinoma of no special types (IDC-NSTs) were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against ER, PR-progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, p53, PCNA, and CK5 and 6. Results: We analyzed the miRNA expression in 11 PMBCs and corresponding normal tissues using miRNA-microarray and real-time PCR, and found that miR-143 and miR-224-5p were significantly downregulated in mucinous carcinoma tissue. Compared with IDC-NSTs, PMBC showed a significantly higher ER positive rate, lower HER-2 positive rate, and lower cell proliferation rates. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the miRNA expression profile of PMBC, and our findings may lead to further understanding of this type of breast cancer.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.FRF-AS-11-015B)the Science Research Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(No.00012087)
文摘LaMgAl11O19thermal barrier coatings（TBCs） were applied to carbon steels with a NiCoCrAlY bond coat by plasma spraying. The effects of heat treatment on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel coated with LaMgAl11O19TBCs were investigated in 3.5wt% Na Cl solution using polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The results show that a large number of cracks are found in the LaMgAl11O19TBCs after the samples are heat-treated, including some through-thickness cracks. The corrosion forms of the as-sprayed and heat-treated TBCs are uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion, respectively. The as-sprayed TBCs exhibit three EIS time constants after being immersed for less than 7 d, and then a new time constant appears because of steel substrate corrosion. When the immersion time is increased to 56 d, a Warburg impedance（W） component appears in the EIS data. The EIS data for the heat-treated TBCs exhibit only two time constants after the samples are immersed for less than 14 d, and a new time constant appears when the immersion time is increased further. The heat treatment reduces the corrosion resistance of carbon steel coated with LaMgAl11O19TBCs. The corrosion products are primarily γ-Fe OOH and Fe3O4.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. FRF-AS-11-015B)the Science Research Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (No. 00012087)
文摘LaMgAl11O19 thermal barrier coatings （TBCs） were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. The crystallization behavior of the coatings and the synthesis mechanism of LaMgAl11O19 powders were researched. The results showed that the plasma-sprayed coatings conmined some amorphous phase, and LaMgAl11O19 powders were partially decomposed into Al2O3, LaAlO3, and MgAl2O4 in the plasma spraying process. The amorphous phase was reerystallized at a temperature of approximately 1174.9℃, at which level the decomposed Al2O3, LaAl2O3, and MgAl2O4 reacted again. The resynthesis temperature of LaMgAl11O19 in the plasma-sprayed coatings was lower than that of LaMgAl11O19 in the original raw powders. The synthesis mechanism of LaMgAl11O19 powders can be summarized as follows： during the first part of the overall reaction, La2O3 reacts with Al2O3 to form LaAl2O3 at approximately 900℃, and then LaAl2O3 further reacts with Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 to produce LaMgAl11O19 at approximately 1200℃.
文摘Grain size determination is essential in producing and testing iron and steel materials.Grain size determination of martensitic steels usually requires etching with picric acid to reveal the prior austenite grain boundaries.However,picric acid is toxic and explosive and belongs to hazardous chemicals,which makes it difficult for laboratories and testing institutions to obtain.A new experimental method was developed to use Nital etchant instead of picric acid.The deep learning method was used to recognize the prior austenite grain boundaries in the etched martensite microstructure,and the grain size could be determined according to the recognition result.Firstly,the polished martensite specimen was etched twice with Nital etchant and picric acid,respectively,and the same position was observed using an optical microscope.The images of the martensitic structure and its prior austenite grain boundary label were obtained,and a data set was constructed.Secondly,based on this data set,a convolutional neural network model with a semantic segmentation function was trained,and the accuracy rate of the test set was 87.53%.Finally,according to the recognition results of the model,the grain size rating can be automatically determined or provide a reference for experimenters,and the difference between the automatic determination results and the measured results is about 0.5 level.
文摘Through the study of the corrosion behavior of Q235 steel in actual Yingtan soil and two simulated acidic soils with different water contents, the calculation of corrosion mass losses, and the analysis of the corrosion mor- phologies and products by means of scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, the results demonstrated that the diatomite soil could simulate the corrosion in actual soil veritably. In both actual soil and simu- lated soil with 16.4% water content, the corrosion rates of Q235 steel were approximately 0.1 mm/a, the corrosion morphologies were mainly extension and connection of corrosion spots on sample surface, and the corrosion products were composed of a-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe3 O4 and Fe2O3. When other media conditions remained unchanged, the corrosion area of Q235 steel was larger in simulated soil with 34.5 % water content, and the corrosion rate reached 0.48 mm/a after 360 h of corrosion, which was nearly 5 times as the value in actual soil. Compared with the corro- sion products in actual soil, the proportion of γ-FeOOH in simulated soil with 34.5 % water content was higher, and the wα-FeOOH/wγ-FeOOH ratio was 1. 4, which was only 1/3 of the value in actual soil.
文摘To improve the corrosion resistance of steels for grounding grids, a low-carbon Cr micro-alloyed steel was developed （C 1 steel）, and corrosion behavior of Q235 steel and newly developed C1 steel in simulated acidic soil was investigated. The corrosion rate was evaluated with the mass loss measurements, while the corrosion morphology of surface and cross section of rust layer was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion products were analyzed by energy- dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the polarization curve was measured using potentiodynamic polarization method. Results indicated that C 1 steel displayed good corrosion resistance in the simulated acidic soil, of which the corrosion rate was only 30% of that of Q235 steel after corrosion for 360 h. The analysis of rust layer showed that lower carbon content in steel could reduce the tendency of micro cell corrosion and appropriate amount of chromium could improve the corrosion potential of metal matrix. Moreover, the analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the chromium enriched in inner rust layer of C1 steel existed mainly in the form of Fe2CrO4, which facilitated the formation of Cr-goethite and improved the protection of corrosion products.
