Fruit color is an important trait inf luencing the commercial value of eggplant fruits.Three dominant genes(D,P and Y)cooperatively control the anthocyanin coloration in eggplant fruits,but none has been mapped.In thi...Fruit color is an important trait inf luencing the commercial value of eggplant fruits.Three dominant genes(D,P and Y)cooperatively control the anthocyanin coloration in eggplant fruits,but none has been mapped.In this study,two white-fruit accessions(19141 and 19147)and their F2 progeny,with 9:7 segregation ratio of anthocyanin pigmented versus non-pigmented fruits,were used for mapping the D and P genes.A high-density genetic map was constructed with 5270 SNPs spanning 1997.98 cM.Three QTLs were identified,including two genes on chromosome 8 and one on chromosome 10.Gene expression analyses suggested that the SmANS on chromosome 8 and SmMYB1 on chromosome 10 were the putative candidate genes for P and D,respectively.We further identified(1)a SNP leading to a premature stop codon within the conserved PLN03176 domain of SmANS in 19141,(2)a G base InDel in the promoter region leading to an additional cis-regulatory element and(3)a 6-bp InDel within the R2-MYB DNA binding domain of SmMYB1,in 19147.Subsequently,these three variations were validated by PARMS technology as related to phenotypes in the F2 population.Moreover,silencing of SmANS or SmMYB1 in the purple red fruits of F1(E3316)led to inhibition of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the peels.Conversely,overexpression of SmANS or SmMYB1 restored anthocyanin biosynthesis in the calli of 19141 and 19147 respectively.Our findings demonstrated the epistatic interactions underlying the white color of eggplant fruits,which can be potentially applied to breeding of eggplant fruit peel color.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the correlation of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma(SBA).Methods:46 patients with solitary bronchogenic adenocarci...Objective:To evaluate the correlation of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma(SBA).Methods:46 patients with solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (SBA)(diameter≤4 cm)underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced(nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/s by using an autoinjector 90 mL,4×5 mm or 4×2.5 mm scanning mode with stable table were performed)serial CT.Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded.Perfusion (PBA),peak height(PHBA),ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta(BA-to-A ratio)and mean transit time(MTT)were calculated.The correlation between peak height of the aorta(PHA)and parameters of the SBA(PHBA,BA-to-A ratio,PBA,and MTT)and those among parameters of the SBA were assessed by means of linear regression analysis.Regression equation among parameters of the SBA were obtain by means of stepwise regression.Results:The correlation between the SBA peak height(PHBA,36.78 HU±12.02)and the aortic peak height(PHA)was significant(r=0.506,P<0.0001).No significant cor- relation was found between the BA-to-Apeak height ratio(15.33%±4.55)and the aortic peak height(r=0.130,P=0.388> 0.05)as it was between the SBA perfusion(PBA,31.86 mL/min/100 g±9.74)and the aortic peak height(r=0.049,P=0.749 >0.05).The SBA perfusion correlated with the PHBA and the BA-to-A peak height ratio(r=0.394,P=0.007<0.05;r=0.407, P=0.005<0.05).The PHBA correlated positively with the BA-to-A peak height ratio(r=0.781,P<0.0001).Mean transit time was 14.84 s±5.52.PBA=18.500+0.872×BA-to-A ratio.BA-to-A ratio=4.467+0.295×PHBA.Conclusion:The linear correlation between the SBA perfusion and BA-to-Aratio and that between BA-to-Aratio and PHBA can be expressed by equation. It is possible to design a simpler scanning procedure of investigation of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma angiogenesis.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dy- namic CT in malignant solitary pulmonary nodules and tumor size. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with mal...Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dy- namic CT in malignant solitary pulmonary nodules and tumor size. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with malignant solitary pulmo- nary nodules (SPNs) (diameter ≤4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4mL/s by using an autoinjector, 4×5 mm or 4×2.5 mm scanning mode with stable table were performed). Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded. Blood flow (BF), peak, height (PHSPN), ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (SPN-to-A ratio) and mean transit time (MTT) were calculat- ed. The correlation between the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in malignant solitary pul- monary nodules and tumor size were assessed by means of linear regression analysis. Results: No significant correlations were found between the tumor size and each of the peak height (PHSPN) (35.79±10.76 Hu), ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (SPN-to-A ratio), (14.27%±4.37) and blood flow (BF) (30.18 mL/min/100 g±9.58) (r=0.180, P=0.142>0.05; r=0.205, P=0.093>0.05; r=0.008, P=0.947>0.05). Conclusion: No significant correlations were found between the tumor size and each of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in malignant solitary pulmonary nodules.展开更多
Hybrid modeling approaches have recently been investigated as an attractive alternative to model fermentation processes. Normally, these approaches require estimation data to train the empirical model part of a hybrid...Hybrid modeling approaches have recently been investigated as an attractive alternative to model fermentation processes. Normally, these approaches require estimation data to train the empirical model part of a hybrid model. This may result in decreasing the generalization ability of the derived hybrid model. Therefore, a simultaneous hybrid modeling approach is presented in this paper. It transforms the training of the empirical model part into a dynamic system parameter identification problem, and thus allows training the empirical model part with only measured data. An adaptive escaping particle swarm optimization(AEPSO) algorithm with escaping and adaptive inertia weight adjustment strategies is constructed to solve the resulting parameter identification problem, and thereby accomplish the training of the empirical model part. The uniform design method is used to determine the empirical model structure. The proposed simultaneous hybrid modeling approach has been used in a lab-scale nosiheptide batch fermentation process. The results show that it is effective and leads to a more consistent model with better generalization ability when compared to existing ones. The performance of AEPSO is also demonstrated.展开更多
The catalytic performance of Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)) has been still far from that of Pt-based catalysts for inadequate active sites and sluggish electron transfer kinetics. Through engineering the interface betw...The catalytic performance of Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)) has been still far from that of Pt-based catalysts for inadequate active sites and sluggish electron transfer kinetics. Through engineering the interface between MoS_(2)-based materials and supported substrates, hybrid Ru-doped MoS_(2) on carbonized lignin(CL) is designed and prepared as efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). The CL substrate not only facilitates the growth of MoS_(2) nanoflowers, but also promotes the electron transfer. Ru doping increases active sites greatly for HER. The hybrid catalyst achieves a low onset overpotential of 25 mV and a low Tafel slope of 46 m V dec^(-1). The favorable HER activity ascribes to the interfacial interaction between MoS_(2) and CL. Density functional theory calculations further confirm the improved HER performance with doped Ru atoms. This study presents a prototype application to design electrocatalysts with enhanced carrier mobility and high-density active sites based on interface effect.展开更多
Letter handwriting,especially stroke correction,is of great importance for recording languages and expressing and exchanging ideas for individual behavior and the public.In this study,a biodegradable and conductive ca...Letter handwriting,especially stroke correction,is of great importance for recording languages and expressing and exchanging ideas for individual behavior and the public.In this study,a biodegradable and conductive carboxymethyl chitosan-silk fibroin(CSF)film is prepared to design wearable triboelectric nanogenerator(denoted as CSF-TENG),which outputs of V_(oc)≈165 V,I_(sc)≈1.4μA,and Q_(sc)≈72 mW cm^(−2).Further,in vitro biodegradation of CSF film is performed through trypsin and lysozyme.The results show that trypsin and lysozyme have stable and favorable biodegradation properties,removing 63.1%of CSF film after degrading for 11 days.Further,the CSF-TENG-based human-machine interface(HMI)is designed to promptly track writing steps and access the accuracy of letters,resulting in a straightforward communication media of human and machine.The CSF-TENG-based HMI can automatically recognize and correct three representative letters(F,H,and K),which is benefited by HMI system for data processing and analysis.The CSF-TENG-based HMI can make decisions for the next stroke,highlighting the stroke in advance by replacing it with red,which can be a candidate for calligraphy practice and correction.Finally,various demonstrations are done in real-time to achieve virtual and real-world controls including writing,vehicle movements,and healthcare.展开更多
Objective: To observe the relationship between the different stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and the intestinal flora and verify its underlying mechanism.Methods: T2DM rats were generated by high-fat diet(HFD)...Objective: To observe the relationship between the different stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and the intestinal flora and verify its underlying mechanism.Methods: T2DM rats were generated by high-fat diet(HFD) combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin(STZ) injection. The rats were divided into four groups: the control group(fed with normal feed for1 month), the HFD group(fed with HFD for 1 month), the T2DM group(HFD combined with STZ and blood glucose ≥11.1 m M), and the unformed T2DM model(Un-mod) group(HFD combined with STZ and blood glucose <11.1 m M). Feces were collected, and bacterial communities in the fecal samples were analyzed by 16S r RNA gene sequencing. The content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) in feces was measured by gas chromatography. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 41(GPR41) and GPR43.Results: At different stages of T2DM, the intestinal flora and SCFAs content of rats were significantly decreased(all P <.05). Our results indicated that g__Prevotella had a significant negative correlation, and g__Ruminococcus_torques_group and g__lachnoclastic had a significant positive correlation with blood glucose. The content of SCFAs, in particular acetate and butyrate, in rat feces of different stages of T2DM were significantly reduced, as well as GPR41 and GPR43 expression. The results in the Un-mod group were similar to the T2DM group, and the expression of GPR41 and GPR43 proteins were significantly higher than those in the T2DM group(both P <.001).Conclusion: The intestinal flora-SCFAs-GPR41/GPR43 network may be important in the development of T2DM. Decreasing blood glucose levels by regulating the intestinal flora may become a new therapeutic strategy for T2DM, which has very important clinical and social values.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the apoptosis induction by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in Raji cells and its correlation with cell cycle arrest and expression of the Survivin gene. Methods: After Raji cells were treated with A...Objective: To investigate the apoptosis induction by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in Raji cells and its correlation with cell cycle arrest and expression of the Survivin gene. Methods: After Raji cells were treated with As2O3 in different concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8 μM), for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, and cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. Apoptosis was observed with electron microscope and DNA electrophoresis. The distribution of cell cycles and cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Expression of the Survivin gene was determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results: As2O3 (1–8 μM) inhibited Raji cells growth effectively in a dose- and time-dependent manner. As2O3 at 2–8 μM could induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, As2O3 (1 μM) inhibited Raji proliferation only by cell cycle arrest, without any symptoms of cell apoptosis. At the same time, Survivin gene expression was down-regulated after the treatment. Conclusion: As2O3 could induce substantial proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Raji cell. Cell cycle arrest might be a reason why apoptosis occurs. As2O3 can markedly down-regulate expression of the Survivin gene in a dose- and timedependent manner. The down-regulated Survivin gene might be leading to cell apoptosis by As2O3.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy....Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy.Methods:A total of 160 children who were diagnosed as epilepsy in Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from July 2016 to October 2018 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the study group(n=80)and the control group(n=80)by the random number table method,i.e.,they were treated with sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam and sodium valproate alone,respectively.After 16 weeks of treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge were evaluated,and chi-square test was used for statistical comparison.The related indicators,including serum tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-α),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),homocysteine(Hcy),haematocrit(HCT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),serum S-100βand HMGB-1,were measured before and after treatment.Paired t-test was used for the comparison in the above indicators within a group before and after treatment;group t-test was used for the comparison between two groups.Chi-square test was used for the comparison in the rate of adverse reactions during treatment between two groups.The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Baogang Hospital(Approval No.:BG201606073),and all children’s guardians were required to sign informed consent forms for clinical study.There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in general clinical data(p>0.05),such as sex constituent ratio,age,the course of disease,the frequency of epileptic seizure per year before treatment,the incidence of epileptiform discharge before treatment and the constituent ratio of types of epileptic seizure,etc.Results:1)After treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge in the study group were 92.5%(74/80)and 85.0%(68/80)respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in the control group[68.8%(55/80)and 58.8%(47/80)],and the differences were statistically significant(Х^(2)=14.444,13.635;p<0.001).2)In the study group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(53.1±14.0)pg/ml,(5.0±2.5)mg/L,(12.5±3.1)μmol/L,(38.1±5.1)%and(3.0±0.5)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(107.9±17.8)pg/ml,(10.1±2.5)mg/L,(42.2±5.8)μmol/L,(45.3±4.5)%and(5.2±0.6)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=21.644,12.902,40.393,9.468,25.194;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(60.6±17.8)pg/ml,(8.2±2.2)mg/L,(15.2±3.1)μmol/L,(40.2±3.4)%and(4.5±0.6)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(112.4±14.3)pg/ml,(9.3±3.8)mg/L,(41.1±2.8)μmol/L,(44.6±5.5)%and(5.4±0.8)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=20.292,2.241,55.456,3.320,8.050;p<0.05).After treatment,the above indicators in the study group were all significantly lower than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=2.962,8.595,5.508,3.064,17.178;p<0.05).3)In the study group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.65±0.38)μg/L and(5.3±2.4)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.91±0.32)μg/L and(8.1±2.0)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.681,8.020;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.78±0.27)μg/L and(6.4±2.2)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.88±0.25)μg/L and(7.9±1.7)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.431,p=.016;t=4.826,p<0.001).After treatment,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.495,p=.014;t=2.840,p=.005).4)There was no significant difference between two groups in the rate of adverse reactions,such as nausea,vomiting,poor appetite,dizziness,drowsiness,hepatic and renal injury during treatment(p>0.05).Conclusions:The efficacy of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam is obviously better than that of sodium valproate alone in the treatment of children epilepsy.The children patients’serum S-100βand HMGB-1 are more significantly reduced,resulting in a lower rate of adverse reactions,which has a certain clinical value.展开更多
Oceanic front plays a significant role in the ocean vertical mixing and the regulation of air-sea interaction,among others.The western branch of the subarctic front(WSAF)located in the Northwest Pacific has attained l...Oceanic front plays a significant role in the ocean vertical mixing and the regulation of air-sea interaction,among others.The western branch of the subarctic front(WSAF)located in the Northwest Pacific has attained lots of attention given its strong intensity and widespread influence on this region.In this study,we take advantage of the merged sea surface temperature(SST)at a high spatial resolution of 0.05°to investigate the characteristics of WSAF.The front detection algorithm that combines the Sobel operator and histogram analysis is adopted.It is advantageous in both preserving the front intensity represented by the SST gradient as well as reducing the detection noise level.We systematically applied this algorithm to the daily SST products for front detection,based on which the WSAF characteristics including its intensity,occurrence of frequency,latitudinal position and coverage area are then extracted.WSAF is mostly located within a small latitude range between 40°N and 41°N with a clear seasonal trend in its intensity that peaks in the winter and troughs in the summer.The seasonal variation of WSAF intensity is almost consistent throughout the temporal period of interest from 2010 to 2018.Similar seasonality is observed for its occurrence of frequency with the winter-summer contrast reaching up to5%.The findings presented here shall help better interpret the WSAF characteristics in the long-term run as well as their impact on the regional weather and climate patterns at high spatial resolution.展开更多
Objective:To characterize the effects of Qingwei San(QWS)on diabetic oral ulcer(OU)mice with stomach heat pattern through metabolomic analysis.Methods:A stomach heat pattern mouse model was established by treating C57...Objective:To characterize the effects of Qingwei San(QWS)on diabetic oral ulcer(OU)mice with stomach heat pattern through metabolomic analysis.Methods:A stomach heat pattern mouse model was established by treating C57BLKS/J Leprdb/db(db/db)mice with dried Zingiber officinale Rosc.rhizome(Z.officinale,Gan Jiang)decoction by gavage.All model mice had blood glucose levels of≥11.1 m M.Subsequently,OU was induced by Na OH cauterization.After 1 week of administration of QWS,non-targeted metabolomic analysis of serum was conducted using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS).Results:The non-targeted metabolomics results indicated that tryptophan metabolism,2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,serotonergic synapses,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,and amino acid biosynthesis were involved in the therapeutic effects of QWS,with tryptophan metabolism playing a predominant role.Conclusion:QWS treatment can significantly improve the pathological status of diabetic OU mice with stomach heat pattern.QWS may regulate the release of inflammatory factors through the tryptophan metabolism pathway.展开更多
Within the framework of the two-scale scattering model,the Doppler shift of C-band radar return signals from the nonlinear sea surface are numerically evaluated.As an analytical approximation method,the Bragg resonanc...Within the framework of the two-scale scattering model,the Doppler shift of C-band radar return signals from the nonlinear sea surface are numerically evaluated.As an analytical approximation method,the Bragg resonance scattering method cannot accurately describe the backscattering field from sea surface.Therefore,in the twoscale scattering model,more accurate scattering coefficient(the normalized radar cross section,NRCS)evaluated by the C-band dual-polarized(HH/VV)empirical geophysical model function(CSAR model)is employed to replace the traditional Bragg NRCS to weight the Doppler shift.The numerical results indicate that there are obvious differences between the Doppler shift weighted by the CSAR NRCS and that weighted by the traditional Bragg NRCS.The hydrodynamic modulation of the large-scale waves is one of the important factors that affect the difference between the Doppler shift predicted in upwind and downwind directions.If the relaxation rate in the hydrodynamic modulation is set to be the angular frequency of the dominant water waves,the Doppler shift predicted by the numerical method can fit the results of the empirical model(C-band empirical geophysical model function,CDOP)well at moderate wind speed.Under low wind condition,the comparison shows that the empirical CDOP model appears to overestimate the Doppler shift.In order to facilitate the application,at the end of this paper a semi-empirical CSAR-DOP model,which is a polynomial fitting formula,is developed for evaluating the Doppler shift of C-band signals from time varying sea surface.展开更多
Previous studies suggest that dipolarization fronts (DFs) are 1 to 3RE (RE is the earth radius) wide in the dawn-dusk direction. Recent kinetic simulations have found that DFs may break up into small-scale structures ...Previous studies suggest that dipolarization fronts (DFs) are 1 to 3RE (RE is the earth radius) wide in the dawn-dusk direction. Recent kinetic simulations have found that DFs may break up into small-scale structures after they are produced by reconnection. Motivated by this simulation, we revisited the scale size of DFs in the dawn-dusk direction by using Cluster observations during the years when the inter-distance among Cluster spacecraft was between 1000 and 2000 km. We selected the DFs that were detected by more than one spacecraft and estimated the radii of these DFs by a simple geometrical analysis, which is based on comparison of DF normals observed by different spacecraft. We found a few DFs that were only a few ion inertial lengths in the dawn-dusk direction. These results point out the importance of multi-scale coupling during the evolution of DFs.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of dynamic multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) for providing quantitative information about blood flow patterns of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods: Seventy-eigh...Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of dynamic multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) for providing quantitative information about blood flow patterns of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods: Seventy-eight patients with SPNs (diameter ≤ 4 cm; 68 malignant; 10 active inflammatory) were underwent multi-location dynamic contrast mate-rial-enhanced serial CT (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/s by using an autoinjector, 4 × 5 mm or 4 × 2.5 mm transverse scanning mode with stable table were performed). Sixteen series CT scans (16 scans each for the first and second series and one scan each for the rest series) were obtained during 9 min scanning period. Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta were calculated. Perfusion was calculated from the maximum gradient of the time-attenuation curve and the peak height of the aorta. Results: No statistically significant difference in the peak height was found between malignant (35.79 ± 10.76 Hu) and active inflammatory (39.76 ± 4.59 Hu) (t = 1.148, P = 0.255 > 0.05). SPN-to-aorta ratio (14.27% ± 4.37) and perfusion value (30.18 mL/min/100 g ± 9.58) in malignant SPNs were significantly lower than those of active inflammatory (18.51% ± 2.71, 63.44 mL/min/100 g ± 43.87) (t = 2.978, P = 0.004 < 0.05; t = 5.590, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The quantitative information about blood flow patterns of malignant and active inflammatory SPNs is different . SPN-to-aorta ratio and perfusion value are helpful in differentiating malignant nodules from active inflammatory.展开更多
Molybdenum disulfide(Mo S_(2))has attracted great attention in hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))activation as a Fenton-like catalyst and cocatalyst,but the distinct mechanism of generating^(·)OH remains unclear.In th...Molybdenum disulfide(Mo S_(2))has attracted great attention in hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))activation as a Fenton-like catalyst and cocatalyst,but the distinct mechanism of generating^(·)OH remains unclear.In this paper,the metallic 1T phase and semiconducting 2H phase of Mo S_(2)nanosheets were prepared and applied in MoS_(2)/H_(2)O_(2)and MoS_(2)/Fe^(2+)/H_(2)O_(2)systems with and without light irradiation.Compared with2H-MoS_(2),1T-MoS_(2)exhibited superior removal rates in degrading organic pollutants in the two systems under light irradiation.However,the phase had little effect on activating H_(2)O_(2)in the Mo S_(2)/H_(2)O_(2)system under dark conditions.This is because it was difficult for the surface^(·)OH_(ads)generated in the Mo S_(2)/H_(2)O_(2)system to diffuse into solution,while the^(·)OH_(free)radicals were mainly responsible for degrading organic pollutants.When introducing light irradiation,external energy may accelerate the desorption of^(·)OH_(ads)into^(·)OH_(free.)Interestingly,the conversion between Mo^(4+)and Mo^(5+)triggered the decomposition of H_(2)O_(2)in the Fenton-like reaction,while the cycle of Mo^(4+)/Mo^(6+)promoted the regeneration of Fe^(3+)when employing 1T-MoS_(2)as a cocatalyst.Meanwhile,the 1T-MoS_(2)catalysts exhibited excellent stability and ability to degrade various organics in the two systems.This work offers deeper insight into the Mo S_(2)-based Fenton-like and cocatalytic mechanisms.展开更多
Cotton architecture is partly determined by shoot branching and flowering patterns.Gh BRC1 was previously identified by RNA-seq analysis of nulliplex-branching and normal-branching cotton.However,the roles of Gh BRC1 ...Cotton architecture is partly determined by shoot branching and flowering patterns.Gh BRC1 was previously identified by RNA-seq analysis of nulliplex-branching and normal-branching cotton.However,the roles of Gh BRC1 in cotton remain unclear.In the present study,investigations of nuclear localization and transcriptional activity indicated that Gh BRC1 has characteristics typical of transcription factors.Gene expression analysis showed that Gh BRC1 was highly expressed in axillary buds but displayed different expression patterns between the two branching types.Overexpression of Gh BRC1 in Arabidopsis significantly inhibited the number of branches and promoted flowering.In contrast,silencing Gh BRC1 in cotton significantly promoted seedling growth.Gh BRC1 was induced by multiple hormones,including strigolactones,which promoted seedling growth and seed germination of Arabidopsis plants overexpressing Gh BRC1.Consistent with these findings,RNA-seq analysis of virus-induced gene silencing treated cotton revealed that a large number of genes were differentially expressed between Gh BRC1-silenced and control plants,and these genes were significantly enriched in plant hormone signalling pathways.Together,our data indicates that Gh BRC1 regulates plant branching and flowering through multiple regulatory pathways,especially those regulating plant hormones,with functions partly differing from those of Arabidopsis BRC1.These results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling plant architecture,which is important for breeding cotton with ideal plant architecture and high yield.展开更多
The insulator Na2Ta4O11 has been considered as a potential photocatalyst.However,little attention has been given to the synthesis of Na2Ta4O11 nanoparticles,let alone the growth of two-dimensional(2D)layered Na2Ta4O11...The insulator Na2Ta4O11 has been considered as a potential photocatalyst.However,little attention has been given to the synthesis of Na2Ta4O11 nanoparticles,let alone the growth of two-dimensional(2D)layered Na2Ta4O11 flake,which may bring innovative properties and promising applications.Here,the 2D thin-layer Na2Ta4O11 flake was first produced by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method,with the smallest thickness reported currently.We have also synthesized 2D Na2Ta4O11 flake over 100μm,which was the largest value over the 2D level reported to date.Our work proposed novel strategies to synthesize other 2D metal oxide material and endow the Na2Ta4O11 more properties and applications.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogeni...Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Methods: 30 patients with VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (diameter ≤ 4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/sec by using an autoinjector) serial CT. The quantifiable parameters (Perfusion, peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and mean transit time) of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma were compared with microvessel densities (MVDs) and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Peak height of VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma was 36.06 HU ± 13.57 HU, bronchogenic adenocarcinoma-to-aorta ratio 14.25% ± 4.92, and perfusion value 29.66 ± 5.60 mL/min/100 g , mean transit time 14.86 s ± 5.84 s, and MVD 70.15 ± 20.03. Each of peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and perfusion correlated positively with MVD (r = 0.781, P < 0.0001; r = 0.688, P < 0.0001; r = 0.716, P < 0.0001; respectively). No significant correlation was found between mean transit time and MVD (r = 0.260, P = 0.200 > 0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta reflect MVD in VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta derived with dynamic CT might be index for VEGF-related tumor angiogenesis in bronchogenic adenocarcinoma.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31501755)the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2021A1515012490)+2 种基金Major special projects of Guangxi science and technology program(AA22068088)the Department of agriculture and rural areas of Guangdong province of China,grant No.2022KJ110 and 2022KJ106the Special fund for scientific innovation strategy-construction of high level Academy of Agriculture Science,grant number R2019PY-JX003,R2019PYQF009,202114TD,R2021YJ-YB3019.
文摘Fruit color is an important trait inf luencing the commercial value of eggplant fruits.Three dominant genes(D,P and Y)cooperatively control the anthocyanin coloration in eggplant fruits,but none has been mapped.In this study,two white-fruit accessions(19141 and 19147)and their F2 progeny,with 9:7 segregation ratio of anthocyanin pigmented versus non-pigmented fruits,were used for mapping the D and P genes.A high-density genetic map was constructed with 5270 SNPs spanning 1997.98 cM.Three QTLs were identified,including two genes on chromosome 8 and one on chromosome 10.Gene expression analyses suggested that the SmANS on chromosome 8 and SmMYB1 on chromosome 10 were the putative candidate genes for P and D,respectively.We further identified(1)a SNP leading to a premature stop codon within the conserved PLN03176 domain of SmANS in 19141,(2)a G base InDel in the promoter region leading to an additional cis-regulatory element and(3)a 6-bp InDel within the R2-MYB DNA binding domain of SmMYB1,in 19147.Subsequently,these three variations were validated by PARMS technology as related to phenotypes in the F2 population.Moreover,silencing of SmANS or SmMYB1 in the purple red fruits of F1(E3316)led to inhibition of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the peels.Conversely,overexpression of SmANS or SmMYB1 restored anthocyanin biosynthesis in the calli of 19141 and 19147 respectively.Our findings demonstrated the epistatic interactions underlying the white color of eggplant fruits,which can be potentially applied to breeding of eggplant fruit peel color.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the correlation of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma(SBA).Methods:46 patients with solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (SBA)(diameter≤4 cm)underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced(nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/s by using an autoinjector 90 mL,4×5 mm or 4×2.5 mm scanning mode with stable table were performed)serial CT.Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded.Perfusion (PBA),peak height(PHBA),ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta(BA-to-A ratio)and mean transit time(MTT)were calculated.The correlation between peak height of the aorta(PHA)and parameters of the SBA(PHBA,BA-to-A ratio,PBA,and MTT)and those among parameters of the SBA were assessed by means of linear regression analysis.Regression equation among parameters of the SBA were obtain by means of stepwise regression.Results:The correlation between the SBA peak height(PHBA,36.78 HU±12.02)and the aortic peak height(PHA)was significant(r=0.506,P<0.0001).No significant cor- relation was found between the BA-to-Apeak height ratio(15.33%±4.55)and the aortic peak height(r=0.130,P=0.388> 0.05)as it was between the SBA perfusion(PBA,31.86 mL/min/100 g±9.74)and the aortic peak height(r=0.049,P=0.749 >0.05).The SBA perfusion correlated with the PHBA and the BA-to-A peak height ratio(r=0.394,P=0.007<0.05;r=0.407, P=0.005<0.05).The PHBA correlated positively with the BA-to-A peak height ratio(r=0.781,P<0.0001).Mean transit time was 14.84 s±5.52.PBA=18.500+0.872×BA-to-A ratio.BA-to-A ratio=4.467+0.295×PHBA.Conclusion:The linear correlation between the SBA perfusion and BA-to-Aratio and that between BA-to-Aratio and PHBA can be expressed by equation. It is possible to design a simpler scanning procedure of investigation of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma angiogenesis.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dy- namic CT in malignant solitary pulmonary nodules and tumor size. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with malignant solitary pulmo- nary nodules (SPNs) (diameter ≤4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4mL/s by using an autoinjector, 4×5 mm or 4×2.5 mm scanning mode with stable table were performed). Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded. Blood flow (BF), peak, height (PHSPN), ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (SPN-to-A ratio) and mean transit time (MTT) were calculat- ed. The correlation between the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in malignant solitary pul- monary nodules and tumor size were assessed by means of linear regression analysis. Results: No significant correlations were found between the tumor size and each of the peak height (PHSPN) (35.79±10.76 Hu), ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (SPN-to-A ratio), (14.27%±4.37) and blood flow (BF) (30.18 mL/min/100 g±9.58) (r=0.180, P=0.142>0.05; r=0.205, P=0.093>0.05; r=0.008, P=0.947>0.05). Conclusion: No significant correlations were found between the tumor size and each of the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in malignant solitary pulmonary nodules.
基金Supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20120042120014)
文摘Hybrid modeling approaches have recently been investigated as an attractive alternative to model fermentation processes. Normally, these approaches require estimation data to train the empirical model part of a hybrid model. This may result in decreasing the generalization ability of the derived hybrid model. Therefore, a simultaneous hybrid modeling approach is presented in this paper. It transforms the training of the empirical model part into a dynamic system parameter identification problem, and thus allows training the empirical model part with only measured data. An adaptive escaping particle swarm optimization(AEPSO) algorithm with escaping and adaptive inertia weight adjustment strategies is constructed to solve the resulting parameter identification problem, and thereby accomplish the training of the empirical model part. The uniform design method is used to determine the empirical model structure. The proposed simultaneous hybrid modeling approach has been used in a lab-scale nosiheptide batch fermentation process. The results show that it is effective and leads to a more consistent model with better generalization ability when compared to existing ones. The performance of AEPSO is also demonstrated.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (21705036, 21975067, 11974105, and 11634001)National Basic Research Programs of China (2016YFA0300901)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (2018JJ3035)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from Hunan Universityfinancially supported by the fund of Prof. Hong from University of Macao (SRG201600092-IAPME, MYRG2018-00079-IAPME, MYRG2019-00115-IAPME)the Science and Technology Development Fund, Macao SAR (FDCT081/2017/A2, FDCT0059/2018/A2, FDCT009/2017/AMJ)
文摘The catalytic performance of Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)) has been still far from that of Pt-based catalysts for inadequate active sites and sluggish electron transfer kinetics. Through engineering the interface between MoS_(2)-based materials and supported substrates, hybrid Ru-doped MoS_(2) on carbonized lignin(CL) is designed and prepared as efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). The CL substrate not only facilitates the growth of MoS_(2) nanoflowers, but also promotes the electron transfer. Ru doping increases active sites greatly for HER. The hybrid catalyst achieves a low onset overpotential of 25 mV and a low Tafel slope of 46 m V dec^(-1). The favorable HER activity ascribes to the interfacial interaction between MoS_(2) and CL. Density functional theory calculations further confirm the improved HER performance with doped Ru atoms. This study presents a prototype application to design electrocatalysts with enhanced carrier mobility and high-density active sites based on interface effect.
基金This study was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.31470509)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019T120390)+1 种基金China Scholarship Council(NO.202006790091)the Opening Project of China National Textile and Apparel Council Key Laboratory of Natural Dyes,Soochow University(No.SDHY2122)。
文摘Letter handwriting,especially stroke correction,is of great importance for recording languages and expressing and exchanging ideas for individual behavior and the public.In this study,a biodegradable and conductive carboxymethyl chitosan-silk fibroin(CSF)film is prepared to design wearable triboelectric nanogenerator(denoted as CSF-TENG),which outputs of V_(oc)≈165 V,I_(sc)≈1.4μA,and Q_(sc)≈72 mW cm^(−2).Further,in vitro biodegradation of CSF film is performed through trypsin and lysozyme.The results show that trypsin and lysozyme have stable and favorable biodegradation properties,removing 63.1%of CSF film after degrading for 11 days.Further,the CSF-TENG-based human-machine interface(HMI)is designed to promptly track writing steps and access the accuracy of letters,resulting in a straightforward communication media of human and machine.The CSF-TENG-based HMI can automatically recognize and correct three representative letters(F,H,and K),which is benefited by HMI system for data processing and analysis.The CSF-TENG-based HMI can make decisions for the next stroke,highlighting the stroke in advance by replacing it with red,which can be a candidate for calligraphy practice and correction.Finally,various demonstrations are done in real-time to achieve virtual and real-world controls including writing,vehicle movements,and healthcare.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973535 and 81773960)
文摘Objective: To observe the relationship between the different stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and the intestinal flora and verify its underlying mechanism.Methods: T2DM rats were generated by high-fat diet(HFD) combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin(STZ) injection. The rats were divided into four groups: the control group(fed with normal feed for1 month), the HFD group(fed with HFD for 1 month), the T2DM group(HFD combined with STZ and blood glucose ≥11.1 m M), and the unformed T2DM model(Un-mod) group(HFD combined with STZ and blood glucose <11.1 m M). Feces were collected, and bacterial communities in the fecal samples were analyzed by 16S r RNA gene sequencing. The content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) in feces was measured by gas chromatography. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 41(GPR41) and GPR43.Results: At different stages of T2DM, the intestinal flora and SCFAs content of rats were significantly decreased(all P <.05). Our results indicated that g__Prevotella had a significant negative correlation, and g__Ruminococcus_torques_group and g__lachnoclastic had a significant positive correlation with blood glucose. The content of SCFAs, in particular acetate and butyrate, in rat feces of different stages of T2DM were significantly reduced, as well as GPR41 and GPR43 expression. The results in the Un-mod group were similar to the T2DM group, and the expression of GPR41 and GPR43 proteins were significantly higher than those in the T2DM group(both P <.001).Conclusion: The intestinal flora-SCFAs-GPR41/GPR43 network may be important in the development of T2DM. Decreasing blood glucose levels by regulating the intestinal flora may become a new therapeutic strategy for T2DM, which has very important clinical and social values.
基金a grand from the Educational Committee Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Province. (No. 06z095c).
文摘Objective: To investigate the apoptosis induction by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in Raji cells and its correlation with cell cycle arrest and expression of the Survivin gene. Methods: After Raji cells were treated with As2O3 in different concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8 μM), for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, and cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. Apoptosis was observed with electron microscope and DNA electrophoresis. The distribution of cell cycles and cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Expression of the Survivin gene was determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results: As2O3 (1–8 μM) inhibited Raji cells growth effectively in a dose- and time-dependent manner. As2O3 at 2–8 μM could induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, As2O3 (1 μM) inhibited Raji proliferation only by cell cycle arrest, without any symptoms of cell apoptosis. At the same time, Survivin gene expression was down-regulated after the treatment. Conclusion: As2O3 could induce substantial proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Raji cell. Cell cycle arrest might be a reason why apoptosis occurs. As2O3 can markedly down-regulate expression of the Survivin gene in a dose- and timedependent manner. The down-regulated Survivin gene might be leading to cell apoptosis by As2O3.
文摘Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy.Methods:A total of 160 children who were diagnosed as epilepsy in Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from July 2016 to October 2018 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the study group(n=80)and the control group(n=80)by the random number table method,i.e.,they were treated with sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam and sodium valproate alone,respectively.After 16 weeks of treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge were evaluated,and chi-square test was used for statistical comparison.The related indicators,including serum tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-α),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),homocysteine(Hcy),haematocrit(HCT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),serum S-100βand HMGB-1,were measured before and after treatment.Paired t-test was used for the comparison in the above indicators within a group before and after treatment;group t-test was used for the comparison between two groups.Chi-square test was used for the comparison in the rate of adverse reactions during treatment between two groups.The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Baogang Hospital(Approval No.:BG201606073),and all children’s guardians were required to sign informed consent forms for clinical study.There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in general clinical data(p>0.05),such as sex constituent ratio,age,the course of disease,the frequency of epileptic seizure per year before treatment,the incidence of epileptiform discharge before treatment and the constituent ratio of types of epileptic seizure,etc.Results:1)After treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge in the study group were 92.5%(74/80)and 85.0%(68/80)respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in the control group[68.8%(55/80)and 58.8%(47/80)],and the differences were statistically significant(Х^(2)=14.444,13.635;p<0.001).2)In the study group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(53.1±14.0)pg/ml,(5.0±2.5)mg/L,(12.5±3.1)μmol/L,(38.1±5.1)%and(3.0±0.5)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(107.9±17.8)pg/ml,(10.1±2.5)mg/L,(42.2±5.8)μmol/L,(45.3±4.5)%and(5.2±0.6)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=21.644,12.902,40.393,9.468,25.194;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(60.6±17.8)pg/ml,(8.2±2.2)mg/L,(15.2±3.1)μmol/L,(40.2±3.4)%and(4.5±0.6)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(112.4±14.3)pg/ml,(9.3±3.8)mg/L,(41.1±2.8)μmol/L,(44.6±5.5)%and(5.4±0.8)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=20.292,2.241,55.456,3.320,8.050;p<0.05).After treatment,the above indicators in the study group were all significantly lower than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=2.962,8.595,5.508,3.064,17.178;p<0.05).3)In the study group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.65±0.38)μg/L and(5.3±2.4)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.91±0.32)μg/L and(8.1±2.0)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.681,8.020;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.78±0.27)μg/L and(6.4±2.2)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.88±0.25)μg/L and(7.9±1.7)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.431,p=.016;t=4.826,p<0.001).After treatment,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.495,p=.014;t=2.840,p=.005).4)There was no significant difference between two groups in the rate of adverse reactions,such as nausea,vomiting,poor appetite,dizziness,drowsiness,hepatic and renal injury during treatment(p>0.05).Conclusions:The efficacy of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam is obviously better than that of sodium valproate alone in the treatment of children epilepsy.The children patients’serum S-100βand HMGB-1 are more significantly reduced,resulting in a lower rate of adverse reactions,which has a certain clinical value.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under contract No.BK20210666the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41620104003 and 42006163+2 种基金the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technologythe National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2021YFB3901004the Graduate Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province under contract No.KYCX21_0980。
文摘Oceanic front plays a significant role in the ocean vertical mixing and the regulation of air-sea interaction,among others.The western branch of the subarctic front(WSAF)located in the Northwest Pacific has attained lots of attention given its strong intensity and widespread influence on this region.In this study,we take advantage of the merged sea surface temperature(SST)at a high spatial resolution of 0.05°to investigate the characteristics of WSAF.The front detection algorithm that combines the Sobel operator and histogram analysis is adopted.It is advantageous in both preserving the front intensity represented by the SST gradient as well as reducing the detection noise level.We systematically applied this algorithm to the daily SST products for front detection,based on which the WSAF characteristics including its intensity,occurrence of frequency,latitudinal position and coverage area are then extracted.WSAF is mostly located within a small latitude range between 40°N and 41°N with a clear seasonal trend in its intensity that peaks in the winter and troughs in the summer.The seasonal variation of WSAF intensity is almost consistent throughout the temporal period of interest from 2010 to 2018.Similar seasonality is observed for its occurrence of frequency with the winter-summer contrast reaching up to5%.The findings presented here shall help better interpret the WSAF characteristics in the long-term run as well as their impact on the regional weather and climate patterns at high spatial resolution.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao,China(007/2020/ALC)Major Basic and Applied Basic Research Projects of Guangdong Province of China(2019B030302005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973535 and 81773960)。
文摘Objective:To characterize the effects of Qingwei San(QWS)on diabetic oral ulcer(OU)mice with stomach heat pattern through metabolomic analysis.Methods:A stomach heat pattern mouse model was established by treating C57BLKS/J Leprdb/db(db/db)mice with dried Zingiber officinale Rosc.rhizome(Z.officinale,Gan Jiang)decoction by gavage.All model mice had blood glucose levels of≥11.1 m M.Subsequently,OU was induced by Na OH cauterization.After 1 week of administration of QWS,non-targeted metabolomic analysis of serum was conducted using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS).Results:The non-targeted metabolomics results indicated that tryptophan metabolism,2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,serotonergic synapses,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,and amino acid biosynthesis were involved in the therapeutic effects of QWS,with tryptophan metabolism playing a predominant role.Conclusion:QWS treatment can significantly improve the pathological status of diabetic OU mice with stomach heat pattern.QWS may regulate the release of inflammatory factors through the tryptophan metabolism pathway.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41976167the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (International Science and Technology Cooperation) under contract No.2019GHZ023。
文摘Within the framework of the two-scale scattering model,the Doppler shift of C-band radar return signals from the nonlinear sea surface are numerically evaluated.As an analytical approximation method,the Bragg resonance scattering method cannot accurately describe the backscattering field from sea surface.Therefore,in the twoscale scattering model,more accurate scattering coefficient(the normalized radar cross section,NRCS)evaluated by the C-band dual-polarized(HH/VV)empirical geophysical model function(CSAR model)is employed to replace the traditional Bragg NRCS to weight the Doppler shift.The numerical results indicate that there are obvious differences between the Doppler shift weighted by the CSAR NRCS and that weighted by the traditional Bragg NRCS.The hydrodynamic modulation of the large-scale waves is one of the important factors that affect the difference between the Doppler shift predicted in upwind and downwind directions.If the relaxation rate in the hydrodynamic modulation is set to be the angular frequency of the dominant water waves,the Doppler shift predicted by the numerical method can fit the results of the empirical model(C-band empirical geophysical model function,CDOP)well at moderate wind speed.Under low wind condition,the comparison shows that the empirical CDOP model appears to overestimate the Doppler shift.In order to facilitate the application,at the end of this paper a semi-empirical CSAR-DOP model,which is a polynomial fitting formula,is developed for evaluating the Doppler shift of C-band signals from time varying sea surface.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant 41774154 and 41504123the Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province under grant 20122BAB21 2002+1 种基金the Nanchang University graduate innovation special fund project under grant CX2017106the Key Industry Innovation Chain of Shaanxi under grant 2018JQ4032
文摘Previous studies suggest that dipolarization fronts (DFs) are 1 to 3RE (RE is the earth radius) wide in the dawn-dusk direction. Recent kinetic simulations have found that DFs may break up into small-scale structures after they are produced by reconnection. Motivated by this simulation, we revisited the scale size of DFs in the dawn-dusk direction by using Cluster observations during the years when the inter-distance among Cluster spacecraft was between 1000 and 2000 km. We selected the DFs that were detected by more than one spacecraft and estimated the radii of these DFs by a simple geometrical analysis, which is based on comparison of DF normals observed by different spacecraft. We found a few DFs that were only a few ion inertial lengths in the dawn-dusk direction. These results point out the importance of multi-scale coupling during the evolution of DFs.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of dynamic multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) for providing quantitative information about blood flow patterns of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods: Seventy-eight patients with SPNs (diameter ≤ 4 cm; 68 malignant; 10 active inflammatory) were underwent multi-location dynamic contrast mate-rial-enhanced serial CT (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/s by using an autoinjector, 4 × 5 mm or 4 × 2.5 mm transverse scanning mode with stable table were performed). Sixteen series CT scans (16 scans each for the first and second series and one scan each for the rest series) were obtained during 9 min scanning period. Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta were calculated. Perfusion was calculated from the maximum gradient of the time-attenuation curve and the peak height of the aorta. Results: No statistically significant difference in the peak height was found between malignant (35.79 ± 10.76 Hu) and active inflammatory (39.76 ± 4.59 Hu) (t = 1.148, P = 0.255 > 0.05). SPN-to-aorta ratio (14.27% ± 4.37) and perfusion value (30.18 mL/min/100 g ± 9.58) in malignant SPNs were significantly lower than those of active inflammatory (18.51% ± 2.71, 63.44 mL/min/100 g ± 43.87) (t = 2.978, P = 0.004 < 0.05; t = 5.590, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The quantitative information about blood flow patterns of malignant and active inflammatory SPNs is different . SPN-to-aorta ratio and perfusion value are helpful in differentiating malignant nodules from active inflammatory.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.212300410336)Program for Science and Technology Innovation Talent in Universities of Henan Province(No.20HASTIT016)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902101)。
文摘Molybdenum disulfide(Mo S_(2))has attracted great attention in hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))activation as a Fenton-like catalyst and cocatalyst,but the distinct mechanism of generating^(·)OH remains unclear.In this paper,the metallic 1T phase and semiconducting 2H phase of Mo S_(2)nanosheets were prepared and applied in MoS_(2)/H_(2)O_(2)and MoS_(2)/Fe^(2+)/H_(2)O_(2)systems with and without light irradiation.Compared with2H-MoS_(2),1T-MoS_(2)exhibited superior removal rates in degrading organic pollutants in the two systems under light irradiation.However,the phase had little effect on activating H_(2)O_(2)in the Mo S_(2)/H_(2)O_(2)system under dark conditions.This is because it was difficult for the surface^(·)OH_(ads)generated in the Mo S_(2)/H_(2)O_(2)system to diffuse into solution,while the^(·)OH_(free)radicals were mainly responsible for degrading organic pollutants.When introducing light irradiation,external energy may accelerate the desorption of^(·)OH_(ads)into^(·)OH_(free.)Interestingly,the conversion between Mo^(4+)and Mo^(5+)triggered the decomposition of H_(2)O_(2)in the Fenton-like reaction,while the cycle of Mo^(4+)/Mo^(6+)promoted the regeneration of Fe^(3+)when employing 1T-MoS_(2)as a cocatalyst.Meanwhile,the 1T-MoS_(2)catalysts exhibited excellent stability and ability to degrade various organics in the two systems.This work offers deeper insight into the Mo S_(2)-based Fenton-like and cocatalytic mechanisms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1704104)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0100304,2016YFD0101902)。
文摘Cotton architecture is partly determined by shoot branching and flowering patterns.Gh BRC1 was previously identified by RNA-seq analysis of nulliplex-branching and normal-branching cotton.However,the roles of Gh BRC1 in cotton remain unclear.In the present study,investigations of nuclear localization and transcriptional activity indicated that Gh BRC1 has characteristics typical of transcription factors.Gene expression analysis showed that Gh BRC1 was highly expressed in axillary buds but displayed different expression patterns between the two branching types.Overexpression of Gh BRC1 in Arabidopsis significantly inhibited the number of branches and promoted flowering.In contrast,silencing Gh BRC1 in cotton significantly promoted seedling growth.Gh BRC1 was induced by multiple hormones,including strigolactones,which promoted seedling growth and seed germination of Arabidopsis plants overexpressing Gh BRC1.Consistent with these findings,RNA-seq analysis of virus-induced gene silencing treated cotton revealed that a large number of genes were differentially expressed between Gh BRC1-silenced and control plants,and these genes were significantly enriched in plant hormone signalling pathways.Together,our data indicates that Gh BRC1 regulates plant branching and flowering through multiple regulatory pathways,especially those regulating plant hormones,with functions partly differing from those of Arabidopsis BRC1.These results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling plant architecture,which is important for breeding cotton with ideal plant architecture and high yield.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21975067,21705036)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2018JJ3035)。
文摘The insulator Na2Ta4O11 has been considered as a potential photocatalyst.However,little attention has been given to the synthesis of Na2Ta4O11 nanoparticles,let alone the growth of two-dimensional(2D)layered Na2Ta4O11 flake,which may bring innovative properties and promising applications.Here,the 2D thin-layer Na2Ta4O11 flake was first produced by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method,with the smallest thickness reported currently.We have also synthesized 2D Na2Ta4O11 flake over 100μm,which was the largest value over the 2D level reported to date.Our work proposed novel strategies to synthesize other 2D metal oxide material and endow the Na2Ta4O11 more properties and applications.
文摘Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Methods: 30 patients with VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (diameter ≤ 4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/sec by using an autoinjector) serial CT. The quantifiable parameters (Perfusion, peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and mean transit time) of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma were compared with microvessel densities (MVDs) and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Peak height of VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma was 36.06 HU ± 13.57 HU, bronchogenic adenocarcinoma-to-aorta ratio 14.25% ± 4.92, and perfusion value 29.66 ± 5.60 mL/min/100 g , mean transit time 14.86 s ± 5.84 s, and MVD 70.15 ± 20.03. Each of peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and perfusion correlated positively with MVD (r = 0.781, P < 0.0001; r = 0.688, P < 0.0001; r = 0.716, P < 0.0001; respectively). No significant correlation was found between mean transit time and MVD (r = 0.260, P = 0.200 > 0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta reflect MVD in VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta derived with dynamic CT might be index for VEGF-related tumor angiogenesis in bronchogenic adenocarcinoma.
