Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Bladder dysfunction is the common non-motor symptom of PD, most often presenting with ...Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Bladder dysfunction is the common non-motor symptom of PD, most often presenting with detrusor overactivity (DO). Treatment of DO is currently limited, poorly tolerated and sometimes ineffective. Bladder responses are not only mediated by muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChR) but also by nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nAChR). However, nicotinic receptor subtypes and functions in the bladder are not clearly identified. Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the effect of varenicline, an alpha7 full agonist and alpha4beta2/alpha3 partial agonist, on detrusor strips in rat PD model induced by substantia nigra injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. Method: The detrusor activity was studied in an isolated organ bath system. Results: In PD group, the detrusor activity was increased, whereas varenicline decreased the DO. Conclusion: Alpha7 nAChR agonists may have therapeutic potential in treatment of bladder overactivity in PD.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Yokukansan(YKS) extract on two endogenous modulators of anxiety, brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and serotonin (5-HT)_(2A) receptors pharmacologically, in the ischemic rat m...OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Yokukansan(YKS) extract on two endogenous modulators of anxiety, brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and serotonin (5-HT)_(2A) receptors pharmacologically, in the ischemic rat model of dementia.METHODS: The cerebral ischemia(CI) was induced by bilateral occlusion of the vertebral and common carotid arteries(4-vessel occlusion ischemia). The CI was combined with the amyloid-β42 peptide(A42) injected intracerebroventricularly, and referreβdto as CI+Aβ. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by elevated plus maze(enclosed arm), light/dark transition test(dark chamber), and open-field test.Wet-dog shakes were induced by the 5-HT_(2A) receptor agonist 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine(DOI). The concentration of BDNF in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay.RESULTS: CI + Aβ increased anxiety, as demonstrated by the increase of time spent in the enclosed arms and dark chambers, and locomotion in the outer zone of the open field(thigmotaxis). CI + Adecreased the serum concentration of BDNF. YKS reβ-duced the anxiety-like behaviors, suppressed the DOI-induced wet-dog shakes and increased serum BDNF concentrations.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that YKS extract improves CI + Aβ-induced anxiety by antagonizing 5-HT_(2A) receptors and increasing BDNF.展开更多
文摘Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Bladder dysfunction is the common non-motor symptom of PD, most often presenting with detrusor overactivity (DO). Treatment of DO is currently limited, poorly tolerated and sometimes ineffective. Bladder responses are not only mediated by muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChR) but also by nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nAChR). However, nicotinic receptor subtypes and functions in the bladder are not clearly identified. Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the effect of varenicline, an alpha7 full agonist and alpha4beta2/alpha3 partial agonist, on detrusor strips in rat PD model induced by substantia nigra injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. Method: The detrusor activity was studied in an isolated organ bath system. Results: In PD group, the detrusor activity was increased, whereas varenicline decreased the DO. Conclusion: Alpha7 nAChR agonists may have therapeutic potential in treatment of bladder overactivity in PD.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Yokukansan(YKS) extract on two endogenous modulators of anxiety, brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and serotonin (5-HT)_(2A) receptors pharmacologically, in the ischemic rat model of dementia.METHODS: The cerebral ischemia(CI) was induced by bilateral occlusion of the vertebral and common carotid arteries(4-vessel occlusion ischemia). The CI was combined with the amyloid-β42 peptide(A42) injected intracerebroventricularly, and referreβdto as CI+Aβ. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed by elevated plus maze(enclosed arm), light/dark transition test(dark chamber), and open-field test.Wet-dog shakes were induced by the 5-HT_(2A) receptor agonist 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine(DOI). The concentration of BDNF in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay.RESULTS: CI + Aβ increased anxiety, as demonstrated by the increase of time spent in the enclosed arms and dark chambers, and locomotion in the outer zone of the open field(thigmotaxis). CI + Adecreased the serum concentration of BDNF. YKS reβ-duced the anxiety-like behaviors, suppressed the DOI-induced wet-dog shakes and increased serum BDNF concentrations.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that YKS extract improves CI + Aβ-induced anxiety by antagonizing 5-HT_(2A) receptors and increasing BDNF.
