Red mud is the waste of alumina industry and has high TiO2 and Fe2O3 content which are active components for the adsorption of anion pollutants. In this study, the uptake of phosphate by red mud activated by heat trea...Red mud is the waste of alumina industry and has high TiO2 and Fe2O3 content which are active components for the adsorption of anion pollutants. In this study, the uptake of phosphate by red mud activated by heat treatment and acid-heat treatment was investigated. The factors influencing the adsorption were also investigated. The result showed that the red mud sample treated using acid-heat method at 80℃ with 0.25 mol/L HCl for 2 h achieved the highest phosphate removal. For the heat-activated red mud, the sample heated at 700℃ for 2 h preformed better than the other heat treatment. Phosphate removal by the activated red mud was significantly pH dependent, and pH 7 was the optimal pH for phosphate removal. The adsorption fits Langmuir isotherm model well and the maximum adsorption capacities of the acid-heat activated red mud and the heat activated samples were 202.9 mgP/g and 155.2 mgP/g, respectively.展开更多
To investigate the effects of Radix pseudostellariae fibrous root extracts(RPFRE) on serum cytokines in normal and immunosuppressed mice and the correlation between indexes, KM male mice were randomly divided into fou...To investigate the effects of Radix pseudostellariae fibrous root extracts(RPFRE) on serum cytokines in normal and immunosuppressed mice and the correlation between indexes, KM male mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were given 0(control), 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 g/kg RPFRE by gavage. The levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ in the serum of mice were measured 14 d after gavage. On the 15day, the remaining mice in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide(CY), and samples were collected on the 18day to measure serum cytokines levels. The results showed that RPFRE improved the serum cytokine level in normal mice. 0.1 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-2and IFN-γ(P<0.05), while 0.4 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-4 and IL-6(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 in normal mice had an extremely significant positive correlation with RPFRE concentration(P<0.01), IL-2 had a significant or extremely significant positive correlation with IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ(P<0.01or P<0.05), and IL-4 had an extremely significant positive correlation with IL-6(P<0.01). After CY injection, serum cytokine levels in mice decreased and immune function was inhibited. Compared with the control group, the experimental group recovered the level of cytokines to some extent. 0.1 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-2 in immunosuppressed mice(P<0.05), and 0.4 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ in immunosuppressed mice(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the serum cytokines in immunosuppressed mice were significantly positively correlated with RPFRE concentration(P<0.01), and there was a certain dose dependence. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between IL-2 and IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-6, and IL-6 and IFN-γ reached an extremely significant level(P<0.01). To sum up, RPFRE could improve the serum cytokines level of mice, promote the secretion of cytokines, and have a certain immune protective effect. There was a significant positive correlation between the RPFRE concentration and the serum cytokines in mice, which provided basic data support for the further study of RPFRE immune function.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40673003).
文摘Red mud is the waste of alumina industry and has high TiO2 and Fe2O3 content which are active components for the adsorption of anion pollutants. In this study, the uptake of phosphate by red mud activated by heat treatment and acid-heat treatment was investigated. The factors influencing the adsorption were also investigated. The result showed that the red mud sample treated using acid-heat method at 80℃ with 0.25 mol/L HCl for 2 h achieved the highest phosphate removal. For the heat-activated red mud, the sample heated at 700℃ for 2 h preformed better than the other heat treatment. Phosphate removal by the activated red mud was significantly pH dependent, and pH 7 was the optimal pH for phosphate removal. The adsorption fits Langmuir isotherm model well and the maximum adsorption capacities of the acid-heat activated red mud and the heat activated samples were 202.9 mgP/g and 155.2 mgP/g, respectively.
文摘To investigate the effects of Radix pseudostellariae fibrous root extracts(RPFRE) on serum cytokines in normal and immunosuppressed mice and the correlation between indexes, KM male mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were given 0(control), 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 g/kg RPFRE by gavage. The levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ in the serum of mice were measured 14 d after gavage. On the 15day, the remaining mice in the experimental group were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide(CY), and samples were collected on the 18day to measure serum cytokines levels. The results showed that RPFRE improved the serum cytokine level in normal mice. 0.1 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-2and IFN-γ(P<0.05), while 0.4 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-4 and IL-6(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 in normal mice had an extremely significant positive correlation with RPFRE concentration(P<0.01), IL-2 had a significant or extremely significant positive correlation with IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ(P<0.01or P<0.05), and IL-4 had an extremely significant positive correlation with IL-6(P<0.01). After CY injection, serum cytokine levels in mice decreased and immune function was inhibited. Compared with the control group, the experimental group recovered the level of cytokines to some extent. 0.1 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-2 in immunosuppressed mice(P<0.05), and 0.4 g/kg RPFRE significantly increased the content of IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ in immunosuppressed mice(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the serum cytokines in immunosuppressed mice were significantly positively correlated with RPFRE concentration(P<0.01), and there was a certain dose dependence. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between IL-2 and IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-6, and IL-6 and IFN-γ reached an extremely significant level(P<0.01). To sum up, RPFRE could improve the serum cytokines level of mice, promote the secretion of cytokines, and have a certain immune protective effect. There was a significant positive correlation between the RPFRE concentration and the serum cytokines in mice, which provided basic data support for the further study of RPFRE immune function.
