The microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO-based varistors with the SiO2 content in the range of 0-1.00mol% were prepared by a solid reaction route. The varistors were characterized by scanning electron micro...The microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO-based varistors with the SiO2 content in the range of 0-1.00mol% were prepared by a solid reaction route. The varistors were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that the average grain size of ZnO decreases with the SiO2 content increasing. A new second phase （Zn2SiO4） and a glass phase （Bi2SiO5） are found. Element Si mainly exists in the grain boundary and plays an important role in controlling the Bi2O3 vaporization. The electric measurement shows that the incorporation of SiO2 can significantly improve the nonlinear properties of ZnO-based varistors, and the nonlinear coefficients of the varistors with SiO2 are in the range of 36.8-69.5. The varistor voltage reaches the maximum value of 463 V/mm and the leakage current reaches the minimum value of 0.11 μA at the SiO2 content of 0.75mol%.展开更多
In this study, a lithium-rich 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanotube layered cathode synthesized by novel electrospinning is reported, and the effects of temperature on the electrochemical performance and morpholo...In this study, a lithium-rich 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanotube layered cathode synthesized by novel electrospinning is reported, and the effects of temperature on the electrochemical performance and morphologies are investigated. The crystal structure is characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns, and refined by two sets of diffraction data （R-3m and C2/m）. Refined crystal structure is 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3COl/3Mn13O2 compos- ite. The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spec- trometer and thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis measurement supply reference to opti- mize the calcination temperature and heat-treatment time. The morphology is characterized by scanning and high- resolution transmission electron microscope techniques, and the micro-nanostructured hollow tubes of Li-rich 0.4Li2MnO3-0.6LiNil/3COl/3Mn1/3O2 composite with outer diameter of 200-400 nm and the wall thickness of 50-80 nm are synthesized successfully. The electrochemical evaluation shows that 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3Cov3Mn1/3O2 sintered at 800 ℃ for 8 h delivers the highest capacity of the first dis- charge capacity of 267.7 mAh/g between 2.5 V and 4.8 V at 0.1C and remains 183.3 mAh/g after 50 cycles. The electro- spinning method with heat-treatment to get micro-nanos- tructured lithium-rich cathode shows promising application inlithium-ion batteries with stable electrochemical performance and higher C-rate performance for its shorter Li ions transfer channels and stable designed structure.展开更多
In this context,we firstly synthesized a novel nitrogen-doped multiporous carbon material from renewable biological cells through a facile chemical activation with K;CO;.After sulfur impregnation,the carbon/sulfur com...In this context,we firstly synthesized a novel nitrogen-doped multiporous carbon material from renewable biological cells through a facile chemical activation with K;CO;.After sulfur impregnation,the carbon/sulfur composite achieved a sulfur content of about 67 wt%.The C/S composite as the cathode of lithium-sulfur batteries exhibited a discharge capacity of 1410 mAh/g and good capacity retention of912 mAh/g at 0.1C.These outstanding results were attributed to the synergy effect of microporous carbon and natural doping nitrogen atoms.We believe that the facile approach for the synthesis of nitrogen-doped multiporous carbon from the low-cost and sustainable biological resources will not only be applied in lithium-sulfur batteries,but also in other electrode materials.展开更多
The novel use of p-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salt(GG salt)as a protectant that is electrochemically grafted onto carbon steel has been investigated in0.05 mol L-1H2SO4and 5 wt%NaCl solutions using various...The novel use of p-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salt(GG salt)as a protectant that is electrochemically grafted onto carbon steel has been investigated in0.05 mol L-1H2SO4and 5 wt%NaCl solutions using various corrosion monitoring techniques,such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,potentiodynamic polarisation,infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy measurements.The electrochemical study reveals that this compound is a mixed inhibitor that predominantly controls the cathodic reaction.The surface-grafted film decreases the double-layer capacitance and obviously increases the charge transfer resistance relative to a bare carbon electrode.The values of inhibition effect remain nearly unchanged with an increase in temperature range of 298–318 K.The aryl diazonium is covalently bonded on the steel surface,causing a slight decrease in the apparent activation energy.Overall,the surface-grafted films exhibit excellent inhibition performance in acid and saline solutions within the studied temperature range.展开更多
文摘The microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO-based varistors with the SiO2 content in the range of 0-1.00mol% were prepared by a solid reaction route. The varistors were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that the average grain size of ZnO decreases with the SiO2 content increasing. A new second phase （Zn2SiO4） and a glass phase （Bi2SiO5） are found. Element Si mainly exists in the grain boundary and plays an important role in controlling the Bi2O3 vaporization. The electric measurement shows that the incorporation of SiO2 can significantly improve the nonlinear properties of ZnO-based varistors, and the nonlinear coefficients of the varistors with SiO2 are in the range of 36.8-69.5. The varistor voltage reaches the maximum value of 463 V/mm and the leakage current reaches the minimum value of 0.11 μA at the SiO2 content of 0.75mol%.
文摘In this study, a lithium-rich 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanotube layered cathode synthesized by novel electrospinning is reported, and the effects of temperature on the electrochemical performance and morphologies are investigated. The crystal structure is characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns, and refined by two sets of diffraction data （R-3m and C2/m）. Refined crystal structure is 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3COl/3Mn13O2 compos- ite. The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spec- trometer and thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis measurement supply reference to opti- mize the calcination temperature and heat-treatment time. The morphology is characterized by scanning and high- resolution transmission electron microscope techniques, and the micro-nanostructured hollow tubes of Li-rich 0.4Li2MnO3-0.6LiNil/3COl/3Mn1/3O2 composite with outer diameter of 200-400 nm and the wall thickness of 50-80 nm are synthesized successfully. The electrochemical evaluation shows that 0.4Li2MnO3.0.6LiNi1/3Cov3Mn1/3O2 sintered at 800 ℃ for 8 h delivers the highest capacity of the first dis- charge capacity of 267.7 mAh/g between 2.5 V and 4.8 V at 0.1C and remains 183.3 mAh/g after 50 cycles. The electro- spinning method with heat-treatment to get micro-nanos- tructured lithium-rich cathode shows promising application inlithium-ion batteries with stable electrochemical performance and higher C-rate performance for its shorter Li ions transfer channels and stable designed structure.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61371021,61527818)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Peak Discipline Construction Program)Shanghai Education Commission Innovation Project(No.14YZ016)
文摘In this context,we firstly synthesized a novel nitrogen-doped multiporous carbon material from renewable biological cells through a facile chemical activation with K;CO;.After sulfur impregnation,the carbon/sulfur composite achieved a sulfur content of about 67 wt%.The C/S composite as the cathode of lithium-sulfur batteries exhibited a discharge capacity of 1410 mAh/g and good capacity retention of912 mAh/g at 0.1C.These outstanding results were attributed to the synergy effect of microporous carbon and natural doping nitrogen atoms.We believe that the facile approach for the synthesis of nitrogen-doped multiporous carbon from the low-cost and sustainable biological resources will not only be applied in lithium-sulfur batteries,but also in other electrode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21103105)the Foundation for University Youth Teachers by the Shanghai Education Committeethe Innovation Fund of Shanghai University(50334040)
文摘The novel use of p-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salt(GG salt)as a protectant that is electrochemically grafted onto carbon steel has been investigated in0.05 mol L-1H2SO4and 5 wt%NaCl solutions using various corrosion monitoring techniques,such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,potentiodynamic polarisation,infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy measurements.The electrochemical study reveals that this compound is a mixed inhibitor that predominantly controls the cathodic reaction.The surface-grafted film decreases the double-layer capacitance and obviously increases the charge transfer resistance relative to a bare carbon electrode.The values of inhibition effect remain nearly unchanged with an increase in temperature range of 298–318 K.The aryl diazonium is covalently bonded on the steel surface,causing a slight decrease in the apparent activation energy.Overall,the surface-grafted films exhibit excellent inhibition performance in acid and saline solutions within the studied temperature range.
