Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging;they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration.Review...Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging;they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration.Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases.This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease,Huntington's chorea,and Parkinson's disease.This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states.Therefore,inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.展开更多
In China,Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most prevalent central nervous system(CNS)degenerative illness affecting middle-aged and older persons.Movement disorders including resting tremor,bradykinesia,myotonia,p...In China,Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most prevalent central nervous system(CNS)degenerative illness affecting middle-aged and older persons.Movement disorders including resting tremor,bradykinesia,myotonia,postural instability,and gait instability are the predominant clinical symptoms.The two main types of PD are sporadic and familial,with sporadic PD being the more prevalent of the two.The environment,genetics,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,inflammation,protein aggregation and misfolding,loss of trophic factors,cell death,and gut microbiota may all have a role in the etiology of PD.PD is inversely connected with other cancers and positively correlated with COVID-19,diabetes mellitus(DM),melanoma,and ischemic heart disease(IHD)risk.Delaying disease progression,managing motor and non-motor symptoms,and avoiding and controlling dysfunction in the middle and later phases of the disease are the key areas of research and development for its therapy.Presently,the development and progression of PD can be slowed down by using conventional pharmacology,natural items,and innovative technology.This article reviews the pathogenesis of PD,its correlations with other non-genetic diseases,and the research progress of drugs and technologies for alleviating PD.展开更多
The Daqing Shan(DQS)located in the Yinshan-Yanshan Orogenic Belt plays an important role in the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the North China Craton.However,the cooling and exhumation history since the Cretaceous ...The Daqing Shan(DQS)located in the Yinshan-Yanshan Orogenic Belt plays an important role in the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the North China Craton.However,the cooling and exhumation history since the Cretaceous is still controversial.Integrating the apatite fission track(AFT)data in both this study and previous works,a three-stage exhumation history from Cretaceous to Neogene of the DQS is proposed.(1)The first stage is composed of the early exhumation during Early Cretaceous driven by the collision between the North China and Siberia cratons(ca.148-132 Ma)and the far-field effect of the subduction of the Pacific Plate(ca.132-114 Ma).(2)Due to the subsidence of the Hetao Basin and the subsequent compensation between the DQS and the Hetao Basin,the DQS experienced the second rapid exhumation from Early Eocene to Early Oligocene(ca.54-29 Ma).(3)Since the Late Miocene(ca.13.5 Ma),the third rapid cooling and exhumation of the DQS occurred due to the far-field effect of the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the subduction of the Pacific Plate.展开更多
Plasticizer migration is responsible for premature coating failure in polyvinyl chloride(PVC)synthetic materials that continue to benefit our daily life as a reliable and cost-efficient simulant of genuine leather.In ...Plasticizer migration is responsible for premature coating failure in polyvinyl chloride(PVC)synthetic materials that continue to benefit our daily life as a reliable and cost-efficient simulant of genuine leather.In this context,the establishment of standard assays that measure the migration rate of plasticizers under varying scenarios plays a pivotal role in comparing durability of those PVC-derived leather-simulants.In this review,multiple methodologies developed over the last decade for determining plasticizer migration from PVC coating are compiled,with their operational principles,merits,and limitations being taken into consideration along with specific apparatus required for each.A concluding section discusses current challenges in this field,and highlights how nuclear magnetic resonance and computational simulation surpass conventional assays in yielding intercomparable results,and hence screening migration-resistant plasticizers in a labor-and time-saving way.Since migration resistance represents a decisive performance indicator of plasticizers,this systematic review may provide guidance to quite a few practitioners in PVC synthetic material industry,who are now engaged in validating various sustainable alternatives with performance allegedly equal to conventional but toxic di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate plasticizer.展开更多
Plasticizer migration is responsible for premature coating failure in polyvinyl chloride(PVC)synthetic materials that continue to benefit our daily life as a reliable and cost-efficient simulant of genuine leather.In ...Plasticizer migration is responsible for premature coating failure in polyvinyl chloride(PVC)synthetic materials that continue to benefit our daily life as a reliable and cost-efficient simulant of genuine leather.In this context,the establishment of standard assays that measure the migration rate of plasticizers under varying scenarios plays a pivotal role in comparing durability of those PVC-derived leather-simulants.In this review,multiple methodologies developed over the last decade for determining plasticizer migration from PVC coating are compiled,with their operational principles,merits,and limitations being taken into consideration along with specific apparatus required for each.A concluding section discusses current challenges in this field,and highlights how nuclear magnetic resonance and computational simulation surpass conventional assays in yielding intercomparable results,and hence screening migration-resistant plasticizers in a labor-and time-saving way.Since migration resistance represents a decisive performance indicator of plasticizers,this systematic review may provide guidance to quite a few practitioners in PVC synthetic material industry,who are now engaged in validating various sustainable alternatives with performance allegedly equal to conventional but toxic di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate plasticizer.展开更多
基金supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32161143021 and 81271410the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China,No.182300410313(all to JW)。
文摘Cellular senescence and chronic inflammation in response to aging are considered to be indicators of brain aging;they have a great impact on the aging process and are the main risk factors for neurodegeneration.Reviewing the microglial response to aging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases will help understand the importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases.This review describes the origin and function of microglia and focuses on the role of different states of the microglial response to aging and chronic inflammation on the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease,Huntington's chorea,and Parkinson's disease.This review also describes the potential benefits of treating neurodegenerative diseases by modulating changes in microglial states.Therefore,inducing a shift from the neurotoxic to neuroprotective microglial state in neurodegenerative diseases induced by aging and chronic inflammation holds promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
基金supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143021,81271410)Henan University Graduate《Talent Program》of Henan Province(SYLYC2023092)Henan Natural Science Foundation of China(182300410313).
文摘In China,Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most prevalent central nervous system(CNS)degenerative illness affecting middle-aged and older persons.Movement disorders including resting tremor,bradykinesia,myotonia,postural instability,and gait instability are the predominant clinical symptoms.The two main types of PD are sporadic and familial,with sporadic PD being the more prevalent of the two.The environment,genetics,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,inflammation,protein aggregation and misfolding,loss of trophic factors,cell death,and gut microbiota may all have a role in the etiology of PD.PD is inversely connected with other cancers and positively correlated with COVID-19,diabetes mellitus(DM),melanoma,and ischemic heart disease(IHD)risk.Delaying disease progression,managing motor and non-motor symptoms,and avoiding and controlling dysfunction in the middle and later phases of the disease are the key areas of research and development for its therapy.Presently,the development and progression of PD can be slowed down by using conventional pharmacology,natural items,and innovative technology.This article reviews the pathogenesis of PD,its correlations with other non-genetic diseases,and the research progress of drugs and technologies for alleviating PD.
基金supported by the Major National Science and Technology Projects of China(No.2016ZX05034001-006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42072132,41202104,and 41572131)the China Geological Survey Projects(Nos.DD20190103 and DD20190711)。
文摘The Daqing Shan(DQS)located in the Yinshan-Yanshan Orogenic Belt plays an important role in the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the North China Craton.However,the cooling and exhumation history since the Cretaceous is still controversial.Integrating the apatite fission track(AFT)data in both this study and previous works,a three-stage exhumation history from Cretaceous to Neogene of the DQS is proposed.(1)The first stage is composed of the early exhumation during Early Cretaceous driven by the collision between the North China and Siberia cratons(ca.148-132 Ma)and the far-field effect of the subduction of the Pacific Plate(ca.132-114 Ma).(2)Due to the subsidence of the Hetao Basin and the subsequent compensation between the DQS and the Hetao Basin,the DQS experienced the second rapid exhumation from Early Eocene to Early Oligocene(ca.54-29 Ma).(3)Since the Late Miocene(ca.13.5 Ma),the third rapid cooling and exhumation of the DQS occurred due to the far-field effect of the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the subduction of the Pacific Plate.
基金Engineering Innovation Team Project of Sichuan University(2020SCUNG122)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education,Sichuan University(SCU2021D005).
文摘Plasticizer migration is responsible for premature coating failure in polyvinyl chloride(PVC)synthetic materials that continue to benefit our daily life as a reliable and cost-efficient simulant of genuine leather.In this context,the establishment of standard assays that measure the migration rate of plasticizers under varying scenarios plays a pivotal role in comparing durability of those PVC-derived leather-simulants.In this review,multiple methodologies developed over the last decade for determining plasticizer migration from PVC coating are compiled,with their operational principles,merits,and limitations being taken into consideration along with specific apparatus required for each.A concluding section discusses current challenges in this field,and highlights how nuclear magnetic resonance and computational simulation surpass conventional assays in yielding intercomparable results,and hence screening migration-resistant plasticizers in a labor-and time-saving way.Since migration resistance represents a decisive performance indicator of plasticizers,this systematic review may provide guidance to quite a few practitioners in PVC synthetic material industry,who are now engaged in validating various sustainable alternatives with performance allegedly equal to conventional but toxic di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate plasticizer.
基金Engineering Innovation Team Project of Sichuan University(2020SCUNG122)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education,Sichuan University(SCU2021D005).
文摘Plasticizer migration is responsible for premature coating failure in polyvinyl chloride(PVC)synthetic materials that continue to benefit our daily life as a reliable and cost-efficient simulant of genuine leather.In this context,the establishment of standard assays that measure the migration rate of plasticizers under varying scenarios plays a pivotal role in comparing durability of those PVC-derived leather-simulants.In this review,multiple methodologies developed over the last decade for determining plasticizer migration from PVC coating are compiled,with their operational principles,merits,and limitations being taken into consideration along with specific apparatus required for each.A concluding section discusses current challenges in this field,and highlights how nuclear magnetic resonance and computational simulation surpass conventional assays in yielding intercomparable results,and hence screening migration-resistant plasticizers in a labor-and time-saving way.Since migration resistance represents a decisive performance indicator of plasticizers,this systematic review may provide guidance to quite a few practitioners in PVC synthetic material industry,who are now engaged in validating various sustainable alternatives with performance allegedly equal to conventional but toxic di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate plasticizer.
