Submarine canyon is an important channel for long-distance sediment transport, and an important part of deepwater sedimentary system. The large-scale Rizhao Canyons have been discovered for the first time in 2015 in t...Submarine canyon is an important channel for long-distance sediment transport, and an important part of deepwater sedimentary system. The large-scale Rizhao Canyons have been discovered for the first time in 2015 in the continental slope area of the western South China Sea. Based on the interpretation and analysis of multi-beam bathymetry and two-dimensional multi-channel seismic data, the geology of the canyons has however not been studied yet. In this paper, the morphology and distribution characteristics of the canyon are carefully described,the sedimentary filling structure and its evolution process of the canyon are analyzed, and then its controlling factors are discussed. The results show that Rizhao Canyons group is a large slope restricted canyon group composed of one east-west west main and nine branch canyons extending to the south. The canyon was formed from the late Miocene to the Quaternary. The east-west main canyon is located in the transition zone between the northern terrace and the southern Zhongjiannan Slope, and it is mainly formed by the scouring and erosion of the material source from the west, approximately along the slope direction. Its development and evolution is mainly controlled by sediment supply and topographic conditions, the development of 9 branch canyons is mainly controlled by gravity flow and collapse from the east-west main canyon. This understanding result is a supplement to the study of “source-channel–sink” sedimentary system in the west of the South China Sea, and has important guiding significance for the study of marine geological hazards.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference of computer use and the negative effects for different gender in the Medical University of Inner Mongolia. Methods: A cross-sectional census was cond...Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference of computer use and the negative effects for different gender in the Medical University of Inner Mongolia. Methods: A cross-sectional census was conducted on medical students on campus in 2013. Descriptive results were expressed as percentage, prevalence and means ± S.D. Gender differences of using computer time and using computer purpose for male and female students were analyzed by chi-square test. Results: Students using computer more than three hours per day had higher headache prevalence and poor academic performance prevalence than that less than three hours per day. The prevalence of male students using computer more than three hours per day was significantly higher than female students (x<sup>2</sup> = 72.92, p p < 0.001). Conclusion: Using computer for long time brings more students headache and poor academic performance. These results suggest that using computer time reasonably and learning efficiently among university students are necessary, especially for male.展开更多
We investigate the interaction between a positive mass and a negative effective mass through a threemass chain connected with elastic springs, a pair of masses is designed to have an effective negative mass, and it in...We investigate the interaction between a positive mass and a negative effective mass through a threemass chain connected with elastic springs, a pair of masses is designed to have an effective negative mass, and it interacts with the third positive one as if an equivalent two-mass chain. The dynamics of the equivalent two-mass chain shows that the two bodies may be self-accelerated in same direction when the effective mass becomes negative, the experiment is also conducted to demonstrate this type of motion.We further show that the energy principle(Hamilton's principle) is applicable if the energy of the negative mass unit is properly characterized. The result may be relevant to composite with cells of effective negative mass, their interaction with matrix may lead to more richer unexpected macroscopic responses.展开更多
Heterotopic ossification(HO)is the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites.However,the mechanisms linking HO pathogenesis with bone mass dysfunction remain unclear.Here,we showed that mice harboring injury-i...Heterotopic ossification(HO)is the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites.However,the mechanisms linking HO pathogenesis with bone mass dysfunction remain unclear.Here,we showed that mice harboring injury-induced and BMP4-dependent HO exhibit bone mass loss similar to that presented by patients with HO.Moreover,we found that injury-induced hyperinflammatory responses at the injury site triggered HO initiation but did not result in bone mass loss at 1 day post-injury(dpi).In contrast,a suppressive immune response promoted HO propagation and bone mass loss by 7 dpi.Correcting immune dysregulation by PD1/PDL1 blockade dramatically alleviated HO propagation and bone mass loss.We further demonstrated that fetuin-A(FetA),which has been frequently detected in HO lesions but rarely observed in HO-adjacent normal bone,acts as an immunomodulator to promote PD1 expression and M2 macrophage polarization,leading to immunosuppression.Intervention with recombinant FetA inhibited hyperinflammation and prevented HO and associated bone mass loss.Collectively,our findings provide new insights into the osteoimmunological interactions that occur during HO formation and suggest that FetA is an immunosuppressor and a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of HO.展开更多
A facile and controllable one-step method to treat liquid hydrocarbons and synthesize vertical graphene nanowalls has been developed by using the technique of inductively-coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposit...A facile and controllable one-step method to treat liquid hydrocarbons and synthesize vertical graphene nanowalls has been developed by using the technique of inductively-coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for plasma cracking of n-dodecane.Herein,the morphology and microstructure of solid carbon material and graphene nanowalls are characterized in terms of different operating conditions,i.e.input power,H2/Ar ratio,injection rate and reaction temperature.The results reveal that the optimal operating conditions were 500 W,5:10,30μl min^-1 and 800℃ for the input power,H2/Ar ratio,injection rate and reaction temperature,respectively.In addition,the degree of graphitization and the gaseous product are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography detection.It can be calculated from the Raman spectrum that the relative intensity of ID/IG is approximately 1.55,and I2D/IG is approximately 0.48,indicating that the graphene prepared from n-dodecane has a rich defect structure and a high degree of graphitization.By calculating the mass loading and detecting the outlet gas,we find that the cracking rate of n-dodecane is only 6%-7%and that the gaseous products below C2 mainly include CH4,C2H2,C2H4,C2H6 and H2.Among them,the proportion of hydrogen in the outlet gas of n-dodecane cracking ranges from 1.3%-15.1%under different hydrogen flows.Based on our research,we propose a brand new perspective for both liquid hydrocarbon treatment and other value-added product syntheses.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of oxaliplatin combined with tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors.Methods:The research period was from November 2019 to November 2020.80 patients with advanced b...Objective:To investigate the effect of oxaliplatin combined with tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors.Methods:The research period was from November 2019 to November 2020.80 patients with advanced biliary tumor disease were enrolled.They were divided into groups according to the order of admission,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received oxaliplatin combined with gemcitabine,and the experimental group received oxaliplatin combined with tiggio.Incidence of adverse reactions,time to disease progression,survival time and clinical efficacy were checked and assessed.Results:Compared with the incidence of adverse reaction of the experimental group,which was 5.00%(2/40),the incidence of adverse reaction of the control group was 25.00%(10/40).The chi-square value=6.2745,p-value=0.0122.The time to progression and survival time of patients in the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group,with significant differences between the groups(p<0.05);the clinical efficacy of the experimental group and the control group were 97.50%(39/40)and 77.50%(31/40)respectively,the comparative chi-square value=7.3143,p-value=0.0068.Conclusion:The combined treatment of oxaliplatin and Tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors has higher safety and reduces the incidence of adverse reactions.展开更多
The design of efficient heterogeneous catalysts in bicarbonate-activated hydrogen peroxide systems(BAP)is a hot topic in wastewater treatment.In this work,Cu_(2)O nanoparticles with different morphologies including cu...The design of efficient heterogeneous catalysts in bicarbonate-activated hydrogen peroxide systems(BAP)is a hot topic in wastewater treatment.In this work,Cu_(2)O nanoparticles with different morphologies including cubic shape(c-Cu_(2)O),octahedron shape(o-Cu_(2)O)and spherical shape(s-Cu_(2)O),were applied in BAP for the first time to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride(TC).Compared with Cu^(2+)ions and CuO,TC degradation was boosted in the presence of Cu_(2)O in the BAP system,with the degradation rate following the order c-Cu_(2)O>o-Cu_(2)O>s-Cu_(2)O.The morphology-dependent effects could be linearly correlated with the ratio of surface oxygen species(O_S),but not with the surface area or Cu(Ⅰ)ratio.The c-Cu_(2)O catalyst with exposure of(100)facets contained 76.6%O_Sas the active site for H_(2)O_(2)adsorption and activation,while the value was much lower for o-Cu_(2)O and s-Cu_(2)O with dominant(111)facets.The presence of HCO_(3)-enhanced the interactions among Cu_(2)O,H_(2)O_(2)and TC,leading to facile oxidation of Cu(Ⅰ)to Cu(Ⅱ)by H_(2)O_(2),and the formation of various reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals and Cu(Ⅲ)contributed to TC degradation.This work provides a new method for enhancing H_(2)O_(2)activation with heterogeneous catalysts by crystal facet engineering.展开更多
Monochamus alternates,the main vector beetles of invasive pinewood nematode,has established a symbiotic relationship with a native ectotrophic fungal symbiont,Sporothrix sp.1,in China.The immune response ofM.alternate...Monochamus alternates,the main vector beetles of invasive pinewood nematode,has established a symbiotic relationship with a native ectotrophic fungal symbiont,Sporothrix sp.1,in China.The immune response ofM.alternates to S.sp.1 in the coexistence of beetles and fungi is,however,unknown.Here,we report that immune responses ofM.alternates pupae to infection caused by ectotrophic symbiotic fungus S.sp.1 and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana differ significantly.The S.sp.1 did not kill the beetles while B.bassiana killed all upon injection.The transcriptome results showed that the numbers of differentially expressed genes in M.alternates infected with S.sp.1 were 2-fold less than those infected with B.bassiana at 48 hours post infection.It was noticed that Toll and IMD pathways played a leading role in the beetle's immune system when infected by symbiotic fungus,but upon infection by entomopathogenic fungus,only the Toll pathway gets triggered actively.Furthermore,the beetles could tolerate the infection of symbiotic fungi by retracing their Toll and IMD pathways at 48 h.This study provided a comprehensive sequence resource ofM.alternates transcriptome for further study of the immune interactions between host and associated fungi.展开更多
基金The Major Special Project of Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Southern Marine Science and Engineering(Guangzhou) under contract No. GML2019ZD0207the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. U20A20100the China Geological Survey Project under contract Nos DD20221712, DD20221719 and DD20191002。
文摘Submarine canyon is an important channel for long-distance sediment transport, and an important part of deepwater sedimentary system. The large-scale Rizhao Canyons have been discovered for the first time in 2015 in the continental slope area of the western South China Sea. Based on the interpretation and analysis of multi-beam bathymetry and two-dimensional multi-channel seismic data, the geology of the canyons has however not been studied yet. In this paper, the morphology and distribution characteristics of the canyon are carefully described,the sedimentary filling structure and its evolution process of the canyon are analyzed, and then its controlling factors are discussed. The results show that Rizhao Canyons group is a large slope restricted canyon group composed of one east-west west main and nine branch canyons extending to the south. The canyon was formed from the late Miocene to the Quaternary. The east-west main canyon is located in the transition zone between the northern terrace and the southern Zhongjiannan Slope, and it is mainly formed by the scouring and erosion of the material source from the west, approximately along the slope direction. Its development and evolution is mainly controlled by sediment supply and topographic conditions, the development of 9 branch canyons is mainly controlled by gravity flow and collapse from the east-west main canyon. This understanding result is a supplement to the study of “source-channel–sink” sedimentary system in the west of the South China Sea, and has important guiding significance for the study of marine geological hazards.
文摘Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference of computer use and the negative effects for different gender in the Medical University of Inner Mongolia. Methods: A cross-sectional census was conducted on medical students on campus in 2013. Descriptive results were expressed as percentage, prevalence and means ± S.D. Gender differences of using computer time and using computer purpose for male and female students were analyzed by chi-square test. Results: Students using computer more than three hours per day had higher headache prevalence and poor academic performance prevalence than that less than three hours per day. The prevalence of male students using computer more than three hours per day was significantly higher than female students (x<sup>2</sup> = 72.92, p p < 0.001). Conclusion: Using computer for long time brings more students headache and poor academic performance. These results suggest that using computer time reasonably and learning efficiently among university students are necessary, especially for male.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11290153 and 11221202)
文摘We investigate the interaction between a positive mass and a negative effective mass through a threemass chain connected with elastic springs, a pair of masses is designed to have an effective negative mass, and it interacts with the third positive one as if an equivalent two-mass chain. The dynamics of the equivalent two-mass chain shows that the two bodies may be self-accelerated in same direction when the effective mass becomes negative, the experiment is also conducted to demonstrate this type of motion.We further show that the energy principle(Hamilton's principle) is applicable if the energy of the negative mass unit is properly characterized. The result may be relevant to composite with cells of effective negative mass, their interaction with matrix may lead to more richer unexpected macroscopic responses.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(reference number 2019YFA0801800)the Natural Science Foundation of China(reference numbers 32070916,82102573,8157152,81472087,81670097 and 81870085)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(reference numbers 1508085MC45 and 1908085QH359).
文摘Heterotopic ossification(HO)is the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites.However,the mechanisms linking HO pathogenesis with bone mass dysfunction remain unclear.Here,we showed that mice harboring injury-induced and BMP4-dependent HO exhibit bone mass loss similar to that presented by patients with HO.Moreover,we found that injury-induced hyperinflammatory responses at the injury site triggered HO initiation but did not result in bone mass loss at 1 day post-injury(dpi).In contrast,a suppressive immune response promoted HO propagation and bone mass loss by 7 dpi.Correcting immune dysregulation by PD1/PDL1 blockade dramatically alleviated HO propagation and bone mass loss.We further demonstrated that fetuin-A(FetA),which has been frequently detected in HO lesions but rarely observed in HO-adjacent normal bone,acts as an immunomodulator to promote PD1 expression and M2 macrophage polarization,leading to immunosuppression.Intervention with recombinant FetA inhibited hyperinflammation and prevented HO and associated bone mass loss.Collectively,our findings provide new insights into the osteoimmunological interactions that occur during HO formation and suggest that FetA is an immunosuppressor and a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of HO.
文摘A facile and controllable one-step method to treat liquid hydrocarbons and synthesize vertical graphene nanowalls has been developed by using the technique of inductively-coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for plasma cracking of n-dodecane.Herein,the morphology and microstructure of solid carbon material and graphene nanowalls are characterized in terms of different operating conditions,i.e.input power,H2/Ar ratio,injection rate and reaction temperature.The results reveal that the optimal operating conditions were 500 W,5:10,30μl min^-1 and 800℃ for the input power,H2/Ar ratio,injection rate and reaction temperature,respectively.In addition,the degree of graphitization and the gaseous product are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography detection.It can be calculated from the Raman spectrum that the relative intensity of ID/IG is approximately 1.55,and I2D/IG is approximately 0.48,indicating that the graphene prepared from n-dodecane has a rich defect structure and a high degree of graphitization.By calculating the mass loading and detecting the outlet gas,we find that the cracking rate of n-dodecane is only 6%-7%and that the gaseous products below C2 mainly include CH4,C2H2,C2H4,C2H6 and H2.Among them,the proportion of hydrogen in the outlet gas of n-dodecane cracking ranges from 1.3%-15.1%under different hydrogen flows.Based on our research,we propose a brand new perspective for both liquid hydrocarbon treatment and other value-added product syntheses.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of oxaliplatin combined with tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors.Methods:The research period was from November 2019 to November 2020.80 patients with advanced biliary tumor disease were enrolled.They were divided into groups according to the order of admission,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received oxaliplatin combined with gemcitabine,and the experimental group received oxaliplatin combined with tiggio.Incidence of adverse reactions,time to disease progression,survival time and clinical efficacy were checked and assessed.Results:Compared with the incidence of adverse reaction of the experimental group,which was 5.00%(2/40),the incidence of adverse reaction of the control group was 25.00%(10/40).The chi-square value=6.2745,p-value=0.0122.The time to progression and survival time of patients in the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group,with significant differences between the groups(p<0.05);the clinical efficacy of the experimental group and the control group were 97.50%(39/40)and 77.50%(31/40)respectively,the comparative chi-square value=7.3143,p-value=0.0068.Conclusion:The combined treatment of oxaliplatin and Tiggio in the treatment of advanced biliary tract tumors has higher safety and reduces the incidence of adverse reactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51978542)the Opening Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing&Finishing (No.STRZ202113)。
文摘The design of efficient heterogeneous catalysts in bicarbonate-activated hydrogen peroxide systems(BAP)is a hot topic in wastewater treatment.In this work,Cu_(2)O nanoparticles with different morphologies including cubic shape(c-Cu_(2)O),octahedron shape(o-Cu_(2)O)and spherical shape(s-Cu_(2)O),were applied in BAP for the first time to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride(TC).Compared with Cu^(2+)ions and CuO,TC degradation was boosted in the presence of Cu_(2)O in the BAP system,with the degradation rate following the order c-Cu_(2)O>o-Cu_(2)O>s-Cu_(2)O.The morphology-dependent effects could be linearly correlated with the ratio of surface oxygen species(O_S),but not with the surface area or Cu(Ⅰ)ratio.The c-Cu_(2)O catalyst with exposure of(100)facets contained 76.6%O_Sas the active site for H_(2)O_(2)adsorption and activation,while the value was much lower for o-Cu_(2)O and s-Cu_(2)O with dominant(111)facets.The presence of HCO_(3)-enhanced the interactions among Cu_(2)O,H_(2)O_(2)and TC,leading to facile oxidation of Cu(Ⅰ)to Cu(Ⅱ)by H_(2)O_(2),and the formation of various reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals and Cu(Ⅲ)contributed to TC degradation.This work provides a new method for enhancing H_(2)O_(2)activation with heterogeneous catalysts by crystal facet engineering.
基金supported by the Forestry Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Project(201204501)National Key Plan for Scientific Research and Development of China(2016YFC1200604,2016YFD0500300)+2 种基金the High Technology Research and Development Program(HTRDP)of China(2014AA020529)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572272,31370650,31402013,31221091,31672291,L1524009)the CAS Key Research Projects of the Frontier Science(QYZDBSSW-SMC014),and CAS(2015-SM-C-02)
文摘Monochamus alternates,the main vector beetles of invasive pinewood nematode,has established a symbiotic relationship with a native ectotrophic fungal symbiont,Sporothrix sp.1,in China.The immune response ofM.alternates to S.sp.1 in the coexistence of beetles and fungi is,however,unknown.Here,we report that immune responses ofM.alternates pupae to infection caused by ectotrophic symbiotic fungus S.sp.1 and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana differ significantly.The S.sp.1 did not kill the beetles while B.bassiana killed all upon injection.The transcriptome results showed that the numbers of differentially expressed genes in M.alternates infected with S.sp.1 were 2-fold less than those infected with B.bassiana at 48 hours post infection.It was noticed that Toll and IMD pathways played a leading role in the beetle's immune system when infected by symbiotic fungus,but upon infection by entomopathogenic fungus,only the Toll pathway gets triggered actively.Furthermore,the beetles could tolerate the infection of symbiotic fungi by retracing their Toll and IMD pathways at 48 h.This study provided a comprehensive sequence resource ofM.alternates transcriptome for further study of the immune interactions between host and associated fungi.
