Unrestrained inflammation is harmful to tissue repair and regeneration.Immune cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles have been proven to show promise as inflammation targets and multitargeted inflammation controls in...Unrestrained inflammation is harmful to tissue repair and regeneration.Immune cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles have been proven to show promise as inflammation targets and multitargeted inflammation controls in the treatment of severe inflammation.Prevention and early intervention of inflammation can reduce the risk of irreversible tissue damage and loss of function,but no cell membrane-camouflaged nanotechnology has been reported to achieve stage-specific treatment in these conditions.In this study,we investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for topical treatment of early inflammation(early pulpitis as the model)with the help of in-depth bioinformatics and molecular biology investigations in vitro and in vivo.Nanoparticles have been proven to act as sentinels to detect and competitively neutralize invasive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide(E.coli LPS)with resident fibroblasts to effectively inhibit the activation of intricate signaling pathways.Moreover,nanoparticles can alleviate the secretion of multiple inflammatory cytokines to achieve multitargeted anti-inflammatory effects,attenuating inflammatory conditions in the early stage.Our work verified the feasibility of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for inflammation treatment in the early stage,which widens the potential cell types for inflammation regulation.展开更多
Tooth enamel is prone to be attacked by injurious factors,leading to a de/remineralization imbalance.To repair demineralized enamel and prevent pulp inflammation caused by biofilm accumulation,measures are needed to p...Tooth enamel is prone to be attacked by injurious factors,leading to a de/remineralization imbalance.To repair demineralized enamel and prevent pulp inflammation caused by biofilm accumulation,measures are needed to promote remineralization and inhibit bacterial adhesion on the tooth surface.An innovative material,poly(aspartic acid)-polyethylene glycol(PASP-PEG),was designed and synthesized to construct a mineralizing and anti-adhesive surface that could be applied to repair demineralized enamel.A cytotoxicity assay revealed the low cytotoxicity of synthesized PASP-PEG.Adsorption results demonstrated that PASPPEG possesses a high binding affinity to the hydroxyapatite(HA)/tooth surface.In vitro experiments and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)demonstrated a strong capacity of PASP-PEG to induce in situ remineralization and direct the oriented growth of apatite nanocrystals.Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD)and Vickers hardness tests demonstrated that minerals induced by PASP-PEG were consistent with healthy enamel in Ca/P ratio,crystal form and surface micro-hardness.Contact angle tests and bacterial adhesion experiments demonstrated that PASP-PEG yielded a strong antiadhesive effect.In summary,PASP-PEG could achieve dual effects for enamel repair and anti-adhesion of bacteria,thereby widening its application in enamel repair.展开更多
Class is a place where all kinds of teaching activities are carried out and is a space where the teachers and students gather to study and grow up together. The scientific and reasonable college class management metho...Class is a place where all kinds of teaching activities are carried out and is a space where the teachers and students gather to study and grow up together. The scientific and reasonable college class management methods not only can effectively maintain the teaching order in class, but also can improve the students' learning initiative and increase the teaching efficiency, thus improving the quality of higher education. However, the situation of college class management is not optimistic at present. This paper is aimed at analyzing the problems existing in China's college classes and exploring the relevant solutions based on them to provide the reference for the quality of China's higher education.展开更多
The invasion of etched dentinal tubules(DTs)by external substances induces dentin hypersensitivity(DH).The deep and compact occlusion of DTs is highly desirable for treating DH but still challenging due to the limited...The invasion of etched dentinal tubules(DTs)by external substances induces dentin hypersensitivity(DH).The deep and compact occlusion of DTs is highly desirable for treating DH but still challenging due to the limited penetrability and mineralization capacities of most current desensitizers.Matrix vesicles(MVs)participate in the regulation of ectopic mineralization.Herein,ectopic MV analogs are prepared by employing natural cell membranes to endow mineral precursors with natural biointerfaces and integrated biofunctions for stimulating dentin remineralization.The analogs quickly access DTs(>20μm)in only 5 min and further penetrate deep into the interior of DTs(an extraordinary~200μm)in 7 days.Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm that the DTs are efficiently sealed by the newly formed minerals(>50μm)with excellent resistance to wear and acid erosion,which is significantly deeper than most reported values.After repair,the microhardness of the damaged dentin can be recovered to those of healthy dentin.For the first time,cell membrane coating nanotechnology is used as a facile and efficient therapy for in-depth remineralization of DTs in treating DH with thorough and long-term effects,which provides insights into their potential for hard tissue repair.展开更多
While the convergence of alternating direction method(ADM)for two sep-arable variables has been established for years,the validity of its direct generalizationto more than two blocks has been studying now.In this pape...While the convergence of alternating direction method(ADM)for two sep-arable variables has been established for years,the validity of its direct generalizationto more than two blocks has been studying now.In this paper,we propose an additionalrequirement on the constraints,i.e.,the pair-wise linear constraints and establish theconvergence of ADM for more than two blocks.Then we apply our approach to twokinds of optimization problems.We also show several numerical experiments to verifythe rationality of proposed algorithm.展开更多
Effective mineralization of biological structures poses a significant challenge in hard tissue engineering as it necessitates overcoming geometric complexities and multistep biomineralization processes.In this regard,...Effective mineralization of biological structures poses a significant challenge in hard tissue engineering as it necessitates overcoming geometric complexities and multistep biomineralization processes.In this regard,we propose“mineral-in-shell nanoarchitectonics”,inspired by the nanostructure of matrix vesicles,which can influence multiple mineralization pathways.Our nanostructural design empowers mineral precursors with tailorable properties through encapsulating amorphous calcium phosphate within a multifunctional tannic acid(TA)and silk fibroin(SF)nanoshell.The bioinspired nanosystem facilitates efficient recruitment of mineral precursors throughout the dentin structures,followed by large-scale intradentinal mineralization both in vitro and in vivo,which provides persistent protection against external stimuli.Theoretical simulations combined with experimental studies attribute the success of intradentinal mineralization to the TA-SF nanoshell,which exhibits a strong affinity for the dentin structure,stabilizing amorphous precursors and thereby facilitating concomitant mineral formation.Overall,this bioinspired mineral-in-shell nanoarchitectonics shows a promising prospect for hard tissue repair and serves as a blueprint for next-generation biomineralization-associated materials.展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81991500,81991501,51903169,and 82170949)Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(2021YFS0057 and 2020YFS0180)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M663529)Research funding for talents developing,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University(RCDWJS2020-17)Research and Development Funding,West China Hosptial of Stomatology,Sichuan University(RD-02-202003 and RD-03-202104).
文摘Unrestrained inflammation is harmful to tissue repair and regeneration.Immune cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles have been proven to show promise as inflammation targets and multitargeted inflammation controls in the treatment of severe inflammation.Prevention and early intervention of inflammation can reduce the risk of irreversible tissue damage and loss of function,but no cell membrane-camouflaged nanotechnology has been reported to achieve stage-specific treatment in these conditions.In this study,we investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for topical treatment of early inflammation(early pulpitis as the model)with the help of in-depth bioinformatics and molecular biology investigations in vitro and in vivo.Nanoparticles have been proven to act as sentinels to detect and competitively neutralize invasive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide(E.coli LPS)with resident fibroblasts to effectively inhibit the activation of intricate signaling pathways.Moreover,nanoparticles can alleviate the secretion of multiple inflammatory cytokines to achieve multitargeted anti-inflammatory effects,attenuating inflammatory conditions in the early stage.Our work verified the feasibility of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for inflammation treatment in the early stage,which widens the potential cell types for inflammation regulation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81670977 and 51903169)Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program(2017SZ0030)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M663529)Special Funding of State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases(SKLOD202019)Postdoctoral Cross Funding of Sichuan University(0040304153059)Research Funding for talents developing,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University(RCDWJS2020-17).
文摘Tooth enamel is prone to be attacked by injurious factors,leading to a de/remineralization imbalance.To repair demineralized enamel and prevent pulp inflammation caused by biofilm accumulation,measures are needed to promote remineralization and inhibit bacterial adhesion on the tooth surface.An innovative material,poly(aspartic acid)-polyethylene glycol(PASP-PEG),was designed and synthesized to construct a mineralizing and anti-adhesive surface that could be applied to repair demineralized enamel.A cytotoxicity assay revealed the low cytotoxicity of synthesized PASP-PEG.Adsorption results demonstrated that PASPPEG possesses a high binding affinity to the hydroxyapatite(HA)/tooth surface.In vitro experiments and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)demonstrated a strong capacity of PASP-PEG to induce in situ remineralization and direct the oriented growth of apatite nanocrystals.Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD)and Vickers hardness tests demonstrated that minerals induced by PASP-PEG were consistent with healthy enamel in Ca/P ratio,crystal form and surface micro-hardness.Contact angle tests and bacterial adhesion experiments demonstrated that PASP-PEG yielded a strong antiadhesive effect.In summary,PASP-PEG could achieve dual effects for enamel repair and anti-adhesion of bacteria,thereby widening its application in enamel repair.
文摘Class is a place where all kinds of teaching activities are carried out and is a space where the teachers and students gather to study and grow up together. The scientific and reasonable college class management methods not only can effectively maintain the teaching order in class, but also can improve the students' learning initiative and increase the teaching efficiency, thus improving the quality of higher education. However, the situation of college class management is not optimistic at present. This paper is aimed at analyzing the problems existing in China's college classes and exploring the relevant solutions based on them to provide the reference for the quality of China's higher education.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51925304,51903175,and 51973133).
文摘The invasion of etched dentinal tubules(DTs)by external substances induces dentin hypersensitivity(DH).The deep and compact occlusion of DTs is highly desirable for treating DH but still challenging due to the limited penetrability and mineralization capacities of most current desensitizers.Matrix vesicles(MVs)participate in the regulation of ectopic mineralization.Herein,ectopic MV analogs are prepared by employing natural cell membranes to endow mineral precursors with natural biointerfaces and integrated biofunctions for stimulating dentin remineralization.The analogs quickly access DTs(>20μm)in only 5 min and further penetrate deep into the interior of DTs(an extraordinary~200μm)in 7 days.Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm that the DTs are efficiently sealed by the newly formed minerals(>50μm)with excellent resistance to wear and acid erosion,which is significantly deeper than most reported values.After repair,the microhardness of the damaged dentin can be recovered to those of healthy dentin.For the first time,cell membrane coating nanotechnology is used as a facile and efficient therapy for in-depth remineralization of DTs in treating DH with thorough and long-term effects,which provides insights into their potential for hard tissue repair.
文摘While the convergence of alternating direction method(ADM)for two sep-arable variables has been established for years,the validity of its direct generalizationto more than two blocks has been studying now.In this paper,we propose an additionalrequirement on the constraints,i.e.,the pair-wise linear constraints and establish theconvergence of ADM for more than two blocks.Then we apply our approach to twokinds of optimization problems.We also show several numerical experiments to verifythe rationality of proposed algorithm.
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52273135,51925304,52203180).
文摘Effective mineralization of biological structures poses a significant challenge in hard tissue engineering as it necessitates overcoming geometric complexities and multistep biomineralization processes.In this regard,we propose“mineral-in-shell nanoarchitectonics”,inspired by the nanostructure of matrix vesicles,which can influence multiple mineralization pathways.Our nanostructural design empowers mineral precursors with tailorable properties through encapsulating amorphous calcium phosphate within a multifunctional tannic acid(TA)and silk fibroin(SF)nanoshell.The bioinspired nanosystem facilitates efficient recruitment of mineral precursors throughout the dentin structures,followed by large-scale intradentinal mineralization both in vitro and in vivo,which provides persistent protection against external stimuli.Theoretical simulations combined with experimental studies attribute the success of intradentinal mineralization to the TA-SF nanoshell,which exhibits a strong affinity for the dentin structure,stabilizing amorphous precursors and thereby facilitating concomitant mineral formation.Overall,this bioinspired mineral-in-shell nanoarchitectonics shows a promising prospect for hard tissue repair and serves as a blueprint for next-generation biomineralization-associated materials.
