Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the surrounding environment.Inspired by nature,researchers have developed various smart stimulus-responsive structures with adjustable prope...Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the surrounding environment.Inspired by nature,researchers have developed various smart stimulus-responsive structures with adjustable properties and functions to address the demands of ever-changing application environments that are becoming more intricate.Among many fabrication methods for stimulus-responsive structures,femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)has received increasing attention because of its high precision,simplicity,true three-dimensional machining ability,and wide applicability to almost all materials.This paper systematically outlines state-of-the-art research on stimulus-responsive structures prepared by FsLDW.Based on the introduction of femtosecond laser-matter interaction and mainstream FsLDW-based manufacturing strategies,different stimulating factors that can trigger structural responses of prepared intelligent structures,such as magnetic field,light,temperature,pH,and humidity,are emphatically summarized.Various applications of functional structures with stimuli-responsive dynamic behaviors fabricated by FsLDW,as well as the present obstacles and forthcoming development opportunities,are discussed.展开更多
A cylindrical vector beam is utilized to enhance the energy scale of the pulse post-compressed in a bulk-material Herriott multi-pass cell(MPC).The method proposed here enables,for the first time to the best of our kn...A cylindrical vector beam is utilized to enhance the energy scale of the pulse post-compressed in a bulk-material Herriott multi-pass cell(MPC).The method proposed here enables,for the first time to the best of our knowledge,pulse compression from 14 ps down to 475 fs with throughput energy beyond 1 mJ,corresponding to a compression ratio of 30,which is the highest pulse energy and compression ratio in single-stage bulk-material MPCs.Furthermore,we demonstrate the characteristic of the vector polarization beam is preserved in the MPC.展开更多
Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe sequelae.However,there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage,unlike for other stroke subtypes.Re...Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe sequelae.However,there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage,unlike for other stroke subtypes.Recent studies have indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy likely relate to the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage.Mitophagy,or selective autophagy of mitochondria,is an essential pathway to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing up damaged mitochondria.Mitophagy markedly contributes to the reduction of secondary brain injury caused by mitochondrial dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage.This review provides an overview of the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage and the underlying mechanisms regarding how mitophagy regulates it,and discusses the new direction of therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy for intracerebral hemorrhage,aiming to determine the close connection between mitophagy and intracerebral hemorrhage and identify new therapies to modulate mitophagy after intracerebral hemorrhage.In conclusion,although only a small number of drugs modulating mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage have been found thus far,most of which are in the preclinical stage and require further investigation,mitophagy is still a very valid and promising therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the long run.展开更多
Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life activities.Currently,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the...Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life activities.Currently,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the adverse consequences caused by brain homeostasis imbalance.Snapin is a protein that assists in the formation of neuronal synapses and plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of synapses.Recently,many researchers have reported the association between snapin and neurologic and psychiatric disorders,demonstrating that snapin can improve brain homeostasis.Clinical manifestations of brain disease often involve imbalances in brain homeostasis and may lead to neurological and behavioral sequelae.This article aims to explo re the role of snapin in restoring brain homeostasis after injury or diseases,highlighting its significance in maintaining brain homeostasis and treating brain diseases.Additionally,it comprehensively discusses the implications of snapin in other extracerebral diseases such as diabetes and viral infections,with the objective of determining the clinical potential of snapin in maintaining brain homeostasis.展开更多
Freshwater microplastic pollution is an urgent issue of global concern,and research on the distribution in reservoirs is lacking.We investigated the microplastic pollution levels in wet sediments collected from the Th...Freshwater microplastic pollution is an urgent issue of global concern,and research on the distribution in reservoirs is lacking.We investigated the microplastic pollution levels in wet sediments collected from the Three Gorges Reservoir,the largest reservoir of China.Results show that microplastics were ubiquitous in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir,and their abundance ranged from 59 to 276 pp/kg(plastic particles per kg,dry weight).Economic development and total population were important factors affecting the spatial heterogeneity of microplastic abundance,and the contribution of large cities along the reservoir to microplastic pollution should be paid with more attention.Fibrous microplastics were the most abundant type of microplastic particles in reservoir sediments,whereas polystyrene,polypropylene,and polyamide were the main types of polymers.The apparent spatial heterogeneity in morphology and color of microplastics is attributed to different anthropogenic or landbased pollution sources.Moreover,the accumulation of microplastics near the inlet of tributaries reflects the role of potential contributors of tributaries.More importantly,multiple bisphenols(BPs)and heavy metals detected at the microplastic surfaces indicate that microplastics can act as carriers of these pollutants in the environment in the same way as sediments did,which may alter the environmental fate and toxicity of these pollutants.Therefore,we conclude that the Three Gorges Reservoir had been contaminated with microplastics,which posed a stress risk for organisms who ingest them along with their associated pollutants(BPs,heavy metals).展开更多
Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p27 and p57 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease. Methods:The expression of p27 and p57 w...Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p27 and p57 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease. Methods:The expression of p27 and p57 were evaluated in 10 normal skin tissues,25 Bowen's disease(BD) and 30 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) with immunohisto-chemistrical staining. Results:The levels of p27 protein expression in SCC were dramatically lower than those in normal skin and BD(P < 0.05). The levels of p57 protein expression in SCC were dramatically lower than those in normal skin and BD(P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between p27 and p57(r = 0.469,P < 0.05). Conclusion:The decrease of p27 and skp2 may be used for considering the biological behavior of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease.展开更多
Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Nevertheless,the poor interfacial stability with high-vo...Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Nevertheless,the poor interfacial stability with high-voltage cathode materials(e.g.,LiCoO_(2))restricts its application in high energy density solid-state batteries.Herein,high-voltage stable Li_(3)AlF_(6) protective layer is coated on the surface of LiCoO_(2) particle to improve the performance and investigate the failure mechanism of PEO-based ASSLBs.The phase transition unveils that chemical redox reaction occurs between the highly reactive LiCoO_(2) surface and PEO-based SPE,resulting in structure collapse of LiCoO_(2),hence the poor cycle performance of PEO-based ASSLBs with LiCoO_(2) at charging voltage of 4.2 V vs Li/Li+.By sharp contrast,no obvious structure change can be found at the surface of Li_(3)AlF_(6)-coated LiCoO_(2),and the original layered phase was well retained.When the charging voltage reaches up to 4.5 V vs Li/Li+,the intensive electrochemical decomposition of PEO-based SPE occurs,leading to the constant increase of cell impedance and directly causing the poor performance.This work not only provides important supplement to the failure mechanism of PEO-based batter-ies with LiCoO_(2),but also presents a universal strategy to retain structure stability of cathode-electrolyte interface in high-voltage ASSLBs.展开更多
manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel proc...manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel process,chemical vapor deposition,template method,and self-assembly).These biomimetic micro/nanostructured surfaces are of significant interest for academic and industrial research due to their wide range of potential applications,including self-cleaning surfaces,oil-water separation,and fog collection.This review presents the inherent relationship between natural organisms,fabrication methods,micro/nanostructures and their potential applications.Thereafter,we throw a list of current fabrication strategies so as to highlight the advantages of FLDW in manufacturing bioinspired microstructured surfaces.Subsequently,we summarize a variety of typical bioinspired designs(e.g.lotus leaf,pitcher plant,rice leaf,butterfly wings,etc)for diverse multifunctional micro/nanostructures through extreme femtosecond laser processing technology.Based on the principle of interfacial chemistry and geometrical optics,we discuss the potential applications of these functional micro/nanostructures and assess the underlying challenges and opportunities in the extreme fabrication of bioinspired micro/nanostructures by FLDW.This review concludes with a follow up and an outlook of femtosecond laser processing in biomimetic domains.展开更多
Vaccinium duclouxii,endemic to southwestern China,is a berry-producing shrub or small tree belonging to the Ericaceae family,with high nutritive,medicinal,and ornamental value,abundant germplasm resources,and good edi...Vaccinium duclouxii,endemic to southwestern China,is a berry-producing shrub or small tree belonging to the Ericaceae family,with high nutritive,medicinal,and ornamental value,abundant germplasm resources,and good edible properties.In addition,V.duclouxii exhibits strong tolerance to adverse environmental conditions,making it a promising candidate for research and offering wide-ranging possibilities for utilization.However,the lack of V.duclouxii genome sequence has hampered its development and utilization.Here,a high-quality telomere-to-telomere genome sequence of V.duclouxii was de novo assembled and annotated.All of 12 chromosomes were assembled into gap-free single contigs,providing the highest integrity and quality assembly reported so far for blueberry.The V.duclouxii genome is 573.67 Mb,which encodes 41953 protein-coding genes.Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses,we have uncovered the molecular mechanisms involved in sugar and acid accumulation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in V.duclouxii.This provides essentialmolecular information for further research on the quality of V.duclouxii.Moreover,the high-quality telomere-to-telomere assembly of the V.duclouxii genome will provide insights into the genomic evolution of Vaccinium and support advancements in blueberry genetics and molecular breeding.展开更多
Lentinula edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world and is widely used as food and medicine.Modern research shows that lentinan(LNT)is the main active component of L.edodes.It has anti-cancer,treatment...Lentinula edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world and is widely used as food and medicine.Modern research shows that lentinan(LNT)is the main active component of L.edodes.It has anti-cancer,treatment of diabetes,intestinal protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,anti-aging,hepatoprotective,immune-regulating effects.In this review,the biological activity,action mechanism and structure-activity relationship of LNT in recent years are reviewed.On this basis,the existing problems were discussed,and the future research and application of LNT were prospected.Finally,it is hoped that this review will promote the in-depth study of LNT and provide a reference for its development as a drug and functional food.展开更多
In this paper, the effects of second-order difference-frequency wave forces on the global motion of an offshore wind turbine system with a large displacement under the survival condition are studied. In this case, the...In this paper, the effects of second-order difference-frequency wave forces on the global motion of an offshore wind turbine system with a large displacement under the survival condition are studied. In this case, the hydrodynamic force is the main force because the blades are feathered to reduce the lifting force. The first-order hydrodynamic forces are calculated by WADAM, while the second-order wave forces are calculated by a customized MATLAB module. Then the hydrodynamic coefficients are transferred to the wind turbine analytical code FAST. Through the comparisons of dynamic responses between the first-and second-order numerical models, it is found that the second-order wave forces significantly influence the motion of floating wind turbine under the survival condition. Moreover, neglecting the second-order force significantly underestimates the tension forces in the mooring lines.展开更多
Engineering non-precious metals into nitrogen-doped carbon is employed to improve electrocatalyst activity towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). A nickel-doped Co-N/C mesoporous nanopolyhedron is successfully evolut...Engineering non-precious metals into nitrogen-doped carbon is employed to improve electrocatalyst activity towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). A nickel-doped Co-N/C mesoporous nanopolyhedron is successfully evoluted from a Ni-doped ZIF-67 precursor. The Ni & Co synergistic N/C catalyst exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.895 V(vs. reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)) with a diffusion-limiting current density of 6.1 m A cm^(-2)for alkaline ORR at 1600 r min^(-1), which is competitive to commercial Pt/C in terms of cost, methanol tolerance, and long-term stability. In situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) study reveals the formation and fast conversion of superoxide ion(O_(2)^(-)) intermediate on the catalyst surface. Density functional theory(DFT) calculations demonstrate the decrease of energy barrier for potential-determining step(O* protonation) by Co-Ni synergy as well as the reduction of adsorption energy on catalyst surface upon nickel doping. The joint results of in situ SERS study and DFT calculations suggest a favourable ORR process on nickel-doped Co-N/C.展开更多
Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via endoscopes.Miniaturized endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate or...Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via endoscopes.Miniaturized endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate organs without causing trauma to tissue.However,current fabrication methods limit the imaging performance of highly miniaturized probes,restricting their widespread application.To overcome this limitation,we developed a novel ultrathin probe fabrication technique that utilizes 3D microprinting to reliably create side-facing freeform micro-optics(<130μm diameter)on single-mode fibers.Using this technique,we built a fully functional ultrathin aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography probe.This is the smallest freeform 3D imaging probe yet reported,with a diameter of 0.457 mm,including the catheter sheath.We demonstrated image quality and mechanical flexibility by imaging atherosclerotic human and mouse arteries.The ability to provide microstructural information with the smallest optical coherence tomography catheter opens a gateway for novel minimally invasive applications in disease.展开更多
Nonlinear holography has recently emerged as a novel tool to reconstruct the encoded information at a new wavelength,which has important applications in optical display and optical encryption.However,this scheme still...Nonlinear holography has recently emerged as a novel tool to reconstruct the encoded information at a new wavelength,which has important applications in optical display and optical encryption.However,this scheme still struggles with low conversion efficiency and ineffective multiplexing.In this work,we demonstrate a quasi-phasematching(QPM)-division multiplexing holography in a three-dimensional(3D)nonlinear photonic crystal(NPC).3D NPC works as a nonlinear hologram,in which multiple images are distributed into different Ewald spheres in reciprocal space.The reciprocal vectors locating in a given Ewald sphere are capable of fulfilling the complete QPM conditions for the high-efficiency reconstruction of the target image at the second-harmonic(SH)wave.One can easily switch the reconstructed SH images by changing the QPM condition.The multiplexing capacity is scalable with the period number of 3D NPC.Our work provides a promising strategy to achieve highly efficient nonlinear multiplexing holography for high-security and high-density storage of optical information.展开更多
The capture cross sections of the ^(169)Tm(n,γ)reaction were measured at the back streaming white neutron beam line(Back-n)of the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)using four C_(6)D_(6) liquid scintillation detect...The capture cross sections of the ^(169)Tm(n,γ)reaction were measured at the back streaming white neutron beam line(Back-n)of the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)using four C_(6)D_(6) liquid scintillation detectors.The background subtraction,normalization,and correction were carefully considered in the data analysis to obtain accurate cross sections.For the resonance at 3.9 eV,the R-matrix code SAMMY was used to determine the resonance parameters with the internal normalization method.The average capture cross sections of ^(169)Tm for energy between 30 and 300 keV were extracted relative to the ^(197)Au(n,γ)reaction.The measured cross sections of the ^(169)Tm(n,γ)reaction were reported in logarithmically equidistant energy bins with 20 bins per energy decade with a total uncertainty of 5.4%-7.0% in this study and described in terms of average resonance parameters using a Hauser-Feshbach calculation with fluctuations.The point-wise cross sections and the average resonance parameters showed fair agreement with the evaluated values of the ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 library in the energy region studied.展开更多
Differential and angle-integrated cross sections for the 10B(n,α)^7 Li,10B(n,α0)^7 Li and 10B(n,α1)^7 Li^*reactions have been measured at CSNS Back-n white neutron source.Two enriched(90%)10B samples 5.0 cm in diam...Differential and angle-integrated cross sections for the 10B(n,α)^7 Li,10B(n,α0)^7 Li and 10B(n,α1)^7 Li^*reactions have been measured at CSNS Back-n white neutron source.Two enriched(90%)10B samples 5.0 cm in diameter and^85.0μg/cm^2 in thickness each with an aluminum backing were prepared,and back-to-back mounted at the sample holder.The charged particles were detected using the silicon-detector array of the Light-charged Particle Detector Array(LPDA)system.The neutron energy En was determined by TOF(time-of-flight)method,and the valid a events were extracted from the En-Amplitude two-dimensional spectrum.With 15 silicon detectors,the differential cross sections of a-particles were measured from 19.2°to 160.8°.Fitted with the Legendre polynomial series,the(n,a)cross sections were obtained through integration.The absolute cross sections were normalized using the standard cross sections of the 10B(n,α)^7 Li reaction in the 0.3-0.5 MeV neutron energy region.The measurement neutron energy range for the 10B(n,α)^7 Li reaction is 1.0 eV≤En<2.5 Me V(67 energy points),and that for the 10B(n,α0)^7 Li and10B(n,α1)^7 Li^*reactions is 1.0 eV≤En<1.0 MeV(59 energy points).The present results have been analyzed by the resonance reaction mechanism and the level structure of the 11B compound system,and compared with existing measurements and evaluations.展开更多
Succinonitrile(SN)based solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)have potential applications in lithium(Li)batteries due to their ease of preparation and high ionic conductivity at room temperature.Here,a novel SSE consisting of...Succinonitrile(SN)based solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)have potential applications in lithium(Li)batteries due to their ease of preparation and high ionic conductivity at room temperature.Here,a novel SSE consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropy-lene)(PVDF-HFP),poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)and Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3) with SN is fabricated,where PMMA is added to serve as a polymer matrix for better wettability of SN.Due to the addition of PMMA,improved room-temperature ionic conductivity of the SSE is resulted.More importantly,better interfacial contact as well as more stable solid-state electrolyte(SEI)layer between SSE and Li anode can be also obtained.As a result,homogeneous and dendrite-free Li plating can be achieved for over 1000 h in Li symmetric cells.When coupled with LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2) cathode and Li anode,the proposed SSE delivers excellent cycling stability and rate capability in full-cells.By implementing SSEs with a polymeric wetting agent,this work provides fresh perspectives on stabilizing the interface between SSEs and Li metal anodes.展开更多
Dear Editor,Adeno-associated virus(AAV)is one of the most powerful vectors for exogenous gene delivery.1 However,the risks associated with the high dosages of AAV administration that are required to achieve meaningful...Dear Editor,Adeno-associated virus(AAV)is one of the most powerful vectors for exogenous gene delivery.1 However,the risks associated with the high dosages of AAV administration that are required to achieve meaningful effects limit the applicability of this method.Generally,AAV only presents cell autonomous manner in infected cells.Besides,mosaic genetic editing or gene therapy would trigger global biological function restore by above 30–40%infective ratio in heart diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52122511, 52105492, and 62005262)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFF0502700)+2 种基金the Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Foundation of USTC (Nos. CY2022G32 and XY2022G02CY)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative (No. YD2340002009)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (No. YSBR-049)
文摘Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the surrounding environment.Inspired by nature,researchers have developed various smart stimulus-responsive structures with adjustable properties and functions to address the demands of ever-changing application environments that are becoming more intricate.Among many fabrication methods for stimulus-responsive structures,femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)has received increasing attention because of its high precision,simplicity,true three-dimensional machining ability,and wide applicability to almost all materials.This paper systematically outlines state-of-the-art research on stimulus-responsive structures prepared by FsLDW.Based on the introduction of femtosecond laser-matter interaction and mainstream FsLDW-based manufacturing strategies,different stimulating factors that can trigger structural responses of prepared intelligent structures,such as magnetic field,light,temperature,pH,and humidity,are emphatically summarized.Various applications of functional structures with stimuli-responsive dynamic behaviors fabricated by FsLDW,as well as the present obstacles and forthcoming development opportunities,are discussed.
文摘A cylindrical vector beam is utilized to enhance the energy scale of the pulse post-compressed in a bulk-material Herriott multi-pass cell(MPC).The method proposed here enables,for the first time to the best of our knowledge,pulse compression from 14 ps down to 475 fs with throughput energy beyond 1 mJ,corresponding to a compression ratio of 30,which is the highest pulse energy and compression ratio in single-stage bulk-material MPCs.Furthermore,we demonstrate the characteristic of the vector polarization beam is preserved in the MPC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071382(to MZ),81601306(to HS)The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)(to MZ)+5 种基金Jiangsu 333 High-Level Talent Training Project(2022)(to HS)The Jiangsu Maternal and Child Health Research Key Project,No.F202013(to HS)Jiangsu Talent Youth Medical Program,No.QNRC2016245(to HS)Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine,No.KF2102(to MZ)Suzhou Science and Technology Development Project,No.SYS2020089(to MZ)The Fifth Batch of Gusu District Health Talent Training Project,No.GSWS2019060(to HS)。
文摘Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe sequelae.However,there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage,unlike for other stroke subtypes.Recent studies have indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy likely relate to the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage.Mitophagy,or selective autophagy of mitochondria,is an essential pathway to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing up damaged mitochondria.Mitophagy markedly contributes to the reduction of secondary brain injury caused by mitochondrial dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage.This review provides an overview of the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage and the underlying mechanisms regarding how mitophagy regulates it,and discusses the new direction of therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy for intracerebral hemorrhage,aiming to determine the close connection between mitophagy and intracerebral hemorrhage and identify new therapies to modulate mitophagy after intracerebral hemorrhage.In conclusion,although only a small number of drugs modulating mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage have been found thus far,most of which are in the preclinical stage and require further investigation,mitophagy is still a very valid and promising therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the long run.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071382(to MZ),81601306(to HS)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)(to MZ)+5 种基金Jiangsu 333 High Level Talent Training Project(2022)(to HS)the Jiangsu Maternal and Child Health Research Key Project(F202013)(to HS)Jiangsu Talent Youth Medical Program,No.QNRC2016245(to HS)Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine,No.KF2102(to MZ)Suzhou Science and Technology Development Project,No.SYS2020089(to MZ)the Fifth Batch of Gusu District Health Talent Training Project,No.GSWS2019060(to HS)。
文摘Brain homeostasis refe rs to the normal working state of the brain in a certain period,which is impo rtant for overall health and normal life activities.Currently,there is a lack of effective treatment methods for the adverse consequences caused by brain homeostasis imbalance.Snapin is a protein that assists in the formation of neuronal synapses and plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of synapses.Recently,many researchers have reported the association between snapin and neurologic and psychiatric disorders,demonstrating that snapin can improve brain homeostasis.Clinical manifestations of brain disease often involve imbalances in brain homeostasis and may lead to neurological and behavioral sequelae.This article aims to explo re the role of snapin in restoring brain homeostasis after injury or diseases,highlighting its significance in maintaining brain homeostasis and treating brain diseases.Additionally,it comprehensively discusses the implications of snapin in other extracerebral diseases such as diabetes and viral infections,with the objective of determining the clinical potential of snapin in maintaining brain homeostasis.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0763)。
文摘Freshwater microplastic pollution is an urgent issue of global concern,and research on the distribution in reservoirs is lacking.We investigated the microplastic pollution levels in wet sediments collected from the Three Gorges Reservoir,the largest reservoir of China.Results show that microplastics were ubiquitous in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir,and their abundance ranged from 59 to 276 pp/kg(plastic particles per kg,dry weight).Economic development and total population were important factors affecting the spatial heterogeneity of microplastic abundance,and the contribution of large cities along the reservoir to microplastic pollution should be paid with more attention.Fibrous microplastics were the most abundant type of microplastic particles in reservoir sediments,whereas polystyrene,polypropylene,and polyamide were the main types of polymers.The apparent spatial heterogeneity in morphology and color of microplastics is attributed to different anthropogenic or landbased pollution sources.Moreover,the accumulation of microplastics near the inlet of tributaries reflects the role of potential contributors of tributaries.More importantly,multiple bisphenols(BPs)and heavy metals detected at the microplastic surfaces indicate that microplastics can act as carriers of these pollutants in the environment in the same way as sediments did,which may alter the environmental fate and toxicity of these pollutants.Therefore,we conclude that the Three Gorges Reservoir had been contaminated with microplastics,which posed a stress risk for organisms who ingest them along with their associated pollutants(BPs,heavy metals).
文摘Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p27 and p57 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease. Methods:The expression of p27 and p57 were evaluated in 10 normal skin tissues,25 Bowen's disease(BD) and 30 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) with immunohisto-chemistrical staining. Results:The levels of p27 protein expression in SCC were dramatically lower than those in normal skin and BD(P < 0.05). The levels of p57 protein expression in SCC were dramatically lower than those in normal skin and BD(P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between p27 and p57(r = 0.469,P < 0.05). Conclusion:The decrease of p27 and skp2 may be used for considering the biological behavior of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease.
基金We acknowledge financial support from The Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Grant(No.JCYJ20200109140416788)Soft Science Research Project of Guangdong Province(No.2017B030301013)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52102200).
文摘Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)is considered as a promising solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Nevertheless,the poor interfacial stability with high-voltage cathode materials(e.g.,LiCoO_(2))restricts its application in high energy density solid-state batteries.Herein,high-voltage stable Li_(3)AlF_(6) protective layer is coated on the surface of LiCoO_(2) particle to improve the performance and investigate the failure mechanism of PEO-based ASSLBs.The phase transition unveils that chemical redox reaction occurs between the highly reactive LiCoO_(2) surface and PEO-based SPE,resulting in structure collapse of LiCoO_(2),hence the poor cycle performance of PEO-based ASSLBs with LiCoO_(2) at charging voltage of 4.2 V vs Li/Li+.By sharp contrast,no obvious structure change can be found at the surface of Li_(3)AlF_(6)-coated LiCoO_(2),and the original layered phase was well retained.When the charging voltage reaches up to 4.5 V vs Li/Li+,the intensive electrochemical decomposition of PEO-based SPE occurs,leading to the constant increase of cell impedance and directly causing the poor performance.This work not only provides important supplement to the failure mechanism of PEO-based batter-ies with LiCoO_(2),but also presents a universal strategy to retain structure stability of cathode-electrolyte interface in high-voltage ASSLBs.
基金The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51805508)the Key Project of Equipment Pre-Research Field Fund of China(61409230310)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2090090025).
文摘manufacturing of biomimetic micro/nanostructures due to its specific advantages including high precision,simplicity,and compatibility for diverse materials in comparison with other methods(e.g.ion etching,sol-gel process,chemical vapor deposition,template method,and self-assembly).These biomimetic micro/nanostructured surfaces are of significant interest for academic and industrial research due to their wide range of potential applications,including self-cleaning surfaces,oil-water separation,and fog collection.This review presents the inherent relationship between natural organisms,fabrication methods,micro/nanostructures and their potential applications.Thereafter,we throw a list of current fabrication strategies so as to highlight the advantages of FLDW in manufacturing bioinspired microstructured surfaces.Subsequently,we summarize a variety of typical bioinspired designs(e.g.lotus leaf,pitcher plant,rice leaf,butterfly wings,etc)for diverse multifunctional micro/nanostructures through extreme femtosecond laser processing technology.Based on the principle of interfacial chemistry and geometrical optics,we discuss the potential applications of these functional micro/nanostructures and assess the underlying challenges and opportunities in the extreme fabrication of bioinspired micro/nanostructures by FLDW.This review concludes with a follow up and an outlook of femtosecond laser processing in biomimetic domains.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160695,32160718)the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province[ZK(2022)301],Guizhou Normal University QSXM[2022]19,the Project of Basic Research Plan in Yunnan(202101BC070003+1 种基金202302AE090005)the Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education[KY(2022)170],the Guizhou Scholarship for Overseas Students[(2019)12], the Innovation Program of Postgraduate Education of Guizhou Province[Qian Jiao He YJSCXJH(2020)098].
文摘Vaccinium duclouxii,endemic to southwestern China,is a berry-producing shrub or small tree belonging to the Ericaceae family,with high nutritive,medicinal,and ornamental value,abundant germplasm resources,and good edible properties.In addition,V.duclouxii exhibits strong tolerance to adverse environmental conditions,making it a promising candidate for research and offering wide-ranging possibilities for utilization.However,the lack of V.duclouxii genome sequence has hampered its development and utilization.Here,a high-quality telomere-to-telomere genome sequence of V.duclouxii was de novo assembled and annotated.All of 12 chromosomes were assembled into gap-free single contigs,providing the highest integrity and quality assembly reported so far for blueberry.The V.duclouxii genome is 573.67 Mb,which encodes 41953 protein-coding genes.Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses,we have uncovered the molecular mechanisms involved in sugar and acid accumulation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in V.duclouxii.This provides essentialmolecular information for further research on the quality of V.duclouxii.Moreover,the high-quality telomere-to-telomere assembly of the V.duclouxii genome will provide insights into the genomic evolution of Vaccinium and support advancements in blueberry genetics and molecular breeding.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (82360716).
文摘Lentinula edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world and is widely used as food and medicine.Modern research shows that lentinan(LNT)is the main active component of L.edodes.It has anti-cancer,treatment of diabetes,intestinal protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,anti-aging,hepatoprotective,immune-regulating effects.In this review,the biological activity,action mechanism and structure-activity relationship of LNT in recent years are reviewed.On this basis,the existing problems were discussed,and the future research and application of LNT were prospected.Finally,it is hoped that this review will promote the in-depth study of LNT and provide a reference for its development as a drug and functional food.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51479134)Fund for Creative Research Groups (No. 51321065)
文摘In this paper, the effects of second-order difference-frequency wave forces on the global motion of an offshore wind turbine system with a large displacement under the survival condition are studied. In this case, the hydrodynamic force is the main force because the blades are feathered to reduce the lifting force. The first-order hydrodynamic forces are calculated by WADAM, while the second-order wave forces are calculated by a customized MATLAB module. Then the hydrodynamic coefficients are transferred to the wind turbine analytical code FAST. Through the comparisons of dynamic responses between the first-and second-order numerical models, it is found that the second-order wave forces significantly influence the motion of floating wind turbine under the survival condition. Moreover, neglecting the second-order force significantly underestimates the tension forces in the mooring lines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21874053)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province, China (No. 20180414022GH)funding from the Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program (ALCA), specially promoted research for innovative nextgeneration batteries (SPRING)。
文摘Engineering non-precious metals into nitrogen-doped carbon is employed to improve electrocatalyst activity towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). A nickel-doped Co-N/C mesoporous nanopolyhedron is successfully evoluted from a Ni-doped ZIF-67 precursor. The Ni & Co synergistic N/C catalyst exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.895 V(vs. reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)) with a diffusion-limiting current density of 6.1 m A cm^(-2)for alkaline ORR at 1600 r min^(-1), which is competitive to commercial Pt/C in terms of cost, methanol tolerance, and long-term stability. In situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) study reveals the formation and fast conversion of superoxide ion(O_(2)^(-)) intermediate on the catalyst surface. Density functional theory(DFT) calculations demonstrate the decrease of energy barrier for potential-determining step(O* protonation) by Co-Ni synergy as well as the reduction of adsorption energy on catalyst surface upon nickel doping. The joint results of in situ SERS study and DFT calculations suggest a favourable ORR process on nickel-doped Co-N/C.
基金funded by the Australian Research Council(CE140100003)a Premier’s Research and Industry Fund grant provided by the South Australian Government Department for Industry and Skills+5 种基金BMBF PRINTOPTICS(13N14096,13N14097),Baden-Wurttemberg(BW)Stiftung OPTERIAL,European Research Council Advanced Grant COMPLEXPLAS,European Research Council Proof of Concept 3DPrintedOptics,and German Research Foundation(DFG)Integrated quantum science and technology(IQST)the National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC,Principle Research Fellowship 1111630)the National Heart Foundation(Lin Huddleston Senior Fellowship,and Postdoctoral Fellowship 102093)the University of Adelaide(Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Emerging Leadership Program grant and Research Travel Award)Australia-Germany Joint Research Co-operation Scheme(UA-DAAD).
文摘Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via endoscopes.Miniaturized endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate organs without causing trauma to tissue.However,current fabrication methods limit the imaging performance of highly miniaturized probes,restricting their widespread application.To overcome this limitation,we developed a novel ultrathin probe fabrication technique that utilizes 3D microprinting to reliably create side-facing freeform micro-optics(<130μm diameter)on single-mode fibers.Using this technique,we built a fully functional ultrathin aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography probe.This is the smallest freeform 3D imaging probe yet reported,with a diameter of 0.457 mm,including the catheter sheath.We demonstrated image quality and mechanical flexibility by imaging atherosclerotic human and mouse arteries.The ability to provide microstructural information with the smallest optical coherence tomography catheter opens a gateway for novel minimally invasive applications in disease.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0303703,2018YFB1105400,and 2016YFA0302500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(91950206,11874213,51875544,91963127,51675503,and 62005262)+5 种基金National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project(61927814)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2017495)Foundation of Equipment Development Department(6220914010901)Anhui Province Science and Technology Major Project(201903a05020005)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(021314380105)The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671838 and 2021T14069)。
文摘Nonlinear holography has recently emerged as a novel tool to reconstruct the encoded information at a new wavelength,which has important applications in optical display and optical encryption.However,this scheme still struggles with low conversion efficiency and ineffective multiplexing.In this work,we demonstrate a quasi-phasematching(QPM)-division multiplexing holography in a three-dimensional(3D)nonlinear photonic crystal(NPC).3D NPC works as a nonlinear hologram,in which multiple images are distributed into different Ewald spheres in reciprocal space.The reciprocal vectors locating in a given Ewald sphere are capable of fulfilling the complete QPM conditions for the high-efficiency reconstruction of the target image at the second-harmonic(SH)wave.One can easily switch the reconstructed SH images by changing the QPM condition.The multiplexing capacity is scalable with the period number of 3D NPC.Our work provides a promising strategy to achieve highly efficient nonlinear multiplexing holography for high-security and high-density storage of optical information.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11790321,11805282)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0401601)。
文摘The capture cross sections of the ^(169)Tm(n,γ)reaction were measured at the back streaming white neutron beam line(Back-n)of the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)using four C_(6)D_(6) liquid scintillation detectors.The background subtraction,normalization,and correction were carefully considered in the data analysis to obtain accurate cross sections.For the resonance at 3.9 eV,the R-matrix code SAMMY was used to determine the resonance parameters with the internal normalization method.The average capture cross sections of ^(169)Tm for energy between 30 and 300 keV were extracted relative to the ^(197)Au(n,γ)reaction.The measured cross sections of the ^(169)Tm(n,γ)reaction were reported in logarithmically equidistant energy bins with 20 bins per energy decade with a total uncertainty of 5.4%-7.0% in this study and described in terms of average resonance parameters using a Hauser-Feshbach calculation with fluctuations.The point-wise cross sections and the average resonance parameters showed fair agreement with the evaluated values of the ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 library in the energy region studied.
基金Supported by financially the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFA0401604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11775006)
文摘Differential and angle-integrated cross sections for the 10B(n,α)^7 Li,10B(n,α0)^7 Li and 10B(n,α1)^7 Li^*reactions have been measured at CSNS Back-n white neutron source.Two enriched(90%)10B samples 5.0 cm in diameter and^85.0μg/cm^2 in thickness each with an aluminum backing were prepared,and back-to-back mounted at the sample holder.The charged particles were detected using the silicon-detector array of the Light-charged Particle Detector Array(LPDA)system.The neutron energy En was determined by TOF(time-of-flight)method,and the valid a events were extracted from the En-Amplitude two-dimensional spectrum.With 15 silicon detectors,the differential cross sections of a-particles were measured from 19.2°to 160.8°.Fitted with the Legendre polynomial series,the(n,a)cross sections were obtained through integration.The absolute cross sections were normalized using the standard cross sections of the 10B(n,α)^7 Li reaction in the 0.3-0.5 MeV neutron energy region.The measurement neutron energy range for the 10B(n,α)^7 Li reaction is 1.0 eV≤En<2.5 Me V(67 energy points),and that for the 10B(n,α0)^7 Li and10B(n,α1)^7 Li^*reactions is 1.0 eV≤En<1.0 MeV(59 energy points).The present results have been analyzed by the resonance reaction mechanism and the level structure of the 11B compound system,and compared with existing measurements and evaluations.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB0700600)Soft Science Research Project of Guangdong Province(No.2017B030301013)。
文摘Succinonitrile(SN)based solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)have potential applications in lithium(Li)batteries due to their ease of preparation and high ionic conductivity at room temperature.Here,a novel SSE consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropy-lene)(PVDF-HFP),poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)and Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3) with SN is fabricated,where PMMA is added to serve as a polymer matrix for better wettability of SN.Due to the addition of PMMA,improved room-temperature ionic conductivity of the SSE is resulted.More importantly,better interfacial contact as well as more stable solid-state electrolyte(SEI)layer between SSE and Li anode can be also obtained.As a result,homogeneous and dendrite-free Li plating can be achieved for over 1000 h in Li symmetric cells.When coupled with LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2) cathode and Li anode,the proposed SSE delivers excellent cycling stability and rate capability in full-cells.By implementing SSEs with a polymeric wetting agent,this work provides fresh perspectives on stabilizing the interface between SSEs and Li metal anodes.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81741025 and 81700360)Technology Project of Sichuan Province of China(2020YFS0102).
文摘Dear Editor,Adeno-associated virus(AAV)is one of the most powerful vectors for exogenous gene delivery.1 However,the risks associated with the high dosages of AAV administration that are required to achieve meaningful effects limit the applicability of this method.Generally,AAV only presents cell autonomous manner in infected cells.Besides,mosaic genetic editing or gene therapy would trigger global biological function restore by above 30–40%infective ratio in heart diseases.
