Aim:This study aims to evaluate demands for general and pharmacological knowledge and training related to intravenous(IV)therapy among pediatric nurses.Materials and Methods:This multicentric cross‑sectional study inv...Aim:This study aims to evaluate demands for general and pharmacological knowledge and training related to intravenous(IV)therapy among pediatric nurses.Materials and Methods:This multicentric cross‑sectional study involved 12,707 pediatric nurses from 100 hospitals in China.A questionnaire was used to assess information about IV drug administration training received,and the demands for pharmacology‑related knowledge,and corresponding methods of acquisition.A generalized linear model using Logit link function was employed to assess relationships between factors and multivariate analysis was conducted.Results:More than 99%of participants showed their training demands for IV therapy training.Pediatric nurses’demands and methods for acquiring IV therapy knowledge and the knowledge related to IV therapy pharmacology have significant differences in social demographic factors,previous knowledge,whether they have received training or not,and other factors(all P<0.05).Received a needlestick injury in the past month(P=0.007)and knowledge acquired through in‑hospital or out‑of‑hospital training(P=0.039)were factors that reduced the demands for methods to acquire further pharmacology‑related knowledge of IV therapy.Working in internal medicine(P=0.025)and not having experienced a needlestick injury in the past year(P=0.007)reduced the demands for IV therapy knowledge.Attended hospital(P=0.007)or departmental meetings(P=0.009),being pediatric primary nurses(P=0.044),and studied special IV guidelines(P=0.006)reduced the desire for methods to acquire IV therapy knowledge.Conclusion:There was a high demand for greater general and pharmacological knowledge related to IV therapy among pediatric nurses.Resources should be coordinated to provide ongoing training to nurses to improve the quality of IV care.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> Polar codes using successive-cancellation decoding always suffer from high latency for its serial nature. Fast simplified successive-cancellation decoding algorithm im...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Polar codes using successive-cancellation decoding always suffer from high latency for its serial nature. Fast simplified successive-cancellation decoding algorithm improves the situation in theoretically but not performs well as expected in practical for the workload of nodes identification and the existence of many short blocks. Meanwhile, Neural network (NN) based decoders have appeared as potential candidates to replace conventional decoders for polar codes. But the exponentially increasing training complexity with information bits is unacceptable which means it is only suitable for short codes. In this paper, we present an improvement that increases decoding efficiency without degrading the error-correction performance. The long polar codes are divided into several sub-blocks, some of which can be decoded adopting fast maximum likelihood decoding method and the remained parts are replaced by several short codes NN decoders. The result shows that time steps the proposed algorithm need only equal to 79.8% of fast simplified successive-cancellation decoders require. Moreover, it has up to 21.2 times faster than successive-cancellation decoding algorithm. More importantly, the proposed algorithm decreases the hardness when applying in some degree. </div>展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> <p style="text-align:justify;background:white;"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">This artic...<div style="text-align:justify;"> <p style="text-align:justify;background:white;"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's </span><span><a href="http://publicationethics.org/files/retraction%20guidelines.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "="">Retraction Guidelines</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"=""></span> </p> <p style="text-align:justify;background:white;"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">Please see the </span><span><a href="https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=101825"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "="">article page</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"=""> for more details. </span><span><a href="https://www.scirp.org/pdf/opj_2020072814494052.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "="">The full retraction notice</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"=""> in PDF is preceding the original paper which is marked "RETRACTED". </span> </p> <br /> </div>展开更多
Objective:Recently,the effects of Baduanjin(a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise)on diabetes have attracted increasing attention,and relevant systematic reviews(SRs)have emerged.However,the qualities of these SRs ...Objective:Recently,the effects of Baduanjin(a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise)on diabetes have attracted increasing attention,and relevant systematic reviews(SRs)have emerged.However,the qualities of these SRs vary markedly,and their conclusions are inconsistent,which is not conducive to guiding decision-making.We sought to assess the quality of these SRs and provide more evidence for diabetes treatment.Methods:A literature search was conducted in 7 databases from inception to December 1st,2021.SRs of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Baduanjin were identified.A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR-2)checklist,Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis(PRISMA)statement,and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)system were applied to evaluate the quality of the SRs.Results:Ten SRs were identified.All SRs were judged as critically low methodological quality by the AMSTAR-2 checklist.The total PRISMA score of the included SRs ranged from 15 to 21,and the mean score was 18.60(1.90),indicating that all SRs had partial reporting deficits.Sixty outcomes were reported in the included studies,of which 25(41.67%)were judged as low quality,and 34(56.67%)as very low quality according to the GRADE system,indicating that the overall evidence quality of outcomes was not high.Conclusion:Baduanjin seems to be an effective therapy for diabetes in improving glucose and lipid metabolism,mental health,quality of life,and waist-hip ratio(WHR).The overall quality of the SRs was less than optimal.This conclusion should be treated with caution,and researchers should conduct higher-quality clinical studies following AMSTAR-2checklist,PRISMA statement,and GRADE system in the future.展开更多
Monkeypox has been declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization.There is an urgent need for efficient and safe vaccines against the monkeypox virus(MPXV)in response to the rapidly spreading monk...Monkeypox has been declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization.There is an urgent need for efficient and safe vaccines against the monkeypox virus(MPXV)in response to the rapidly spreading monkeypox epidemic.In the age of COVID-19,mRNA vaccines have been highly successful and emerged as platforms enabling rapid development and large-scale preparation.Here,we develop two MPXV quadrivalent mRNA vaccines,named mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP,based on two intracellular mature virus specific proteins(A29L and M1R)and two extracellular enveloped virus specific proteins(A35R and B6R).By administering mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP intramuscularly twice,mice induce MPXV specific IgG antibodies and potent vaccinia virus(VACV)specific neutralizing antibodies.Further,it elicits efficient MPXV specific Th-1 biased cellular immunity,as well as durable effector memory T and germinal center B cell responses in mice.In addition,two doses of mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP are protective against the VACV challenge in mice.And,the passive transfer of sera from mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP-immunized mice protects nude mice against the VACV challenge.Overall,our results demonstrate that mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP appear to be safe and effective vaccine candidates against monkeypox epidemics,as well as against outbreaks caused by other orthopoxviruses,including the smallpox virus.展开更多
文摘Aim:This study aims to evaluate demands for general and pharmacological knowledge and training related to intravenous(IV)therapy among pediatric nurses.Materials and Methods:This multicentric cross‑sectional study involved 12,707 pediatric nurses from 100 hospitals in China.A questionnaire was used to assess information about IV drug administration training received,and the demands for pharmacology‑related knowledge,and corresponding methods of acquisition.A generalized linear model using Logit link function was employed to assess relationships between factors and multivariate analysis was conducted.Results:More than 99%of participants showed their training demands for IV therapy training.Pediatric nurses’demands and methods for acquiring IV therapy knowledge and the knowledge related to IV therapy pharmacology have significant differences in social demographic factors,previous knowledge,whether they have received training or not,and other factors(all P<0.05).Received a needlestick injury in the past month(P=0.007)and knowledge acquired through in‑hospital or out‑of‑hospital training(P=0.039)were factors that reduced the demands for methods to acquire further pharmacology‑related knowledge of IV therapy.Working in internal medicine(P=0.025)and not having experienced a needlestick injury in the past year(P=0.007)reduced the demands for IV therapy knowledge.Attended hospital(P=0.007)or departmental meetings(P=0.009),being pediatric primary nurses(P=0.044),and studied special IV guidelines(P=0.006)reduced the desire for methods to acquire IV therapy knowledge.Conclusion:There was a high demand for greater general and pharmacological knowledge related to IV therapy among pediatric nurses.Resources should be coordinated to provide ongoing training to nurses to improve the quality of IV care.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Polar codes using successive-cancellation decoding always suffer from high latency for its serial nature. Fast simplified successive-cancellation decoding algorithm improves the situation in theoretically but not performs well as expected in practical for the workload of nodes identification and the existence of many short blocks. Meanwhile, Neural network (NN) based decoders have appeared as potential candidates to replace conventional decoders for polar codes. But the exponentially increasing training complexity with information bits is unacceptable which means it is only suitable for short codes. In this paper, we present an improvement that increases decoding efficiency without degrading the error-correction performance. The long polar codes are divided into several sub-blocks, some of which can be decoded adopting fast maximum likelihood decoding method and the remained parts are replaced by several short codes NN decoders. The result shows that time steps the proposed algorithm need only equal to 79.8% of fast simplified successive-cancellation decoders require. Moreover, it has up to 21.2 times faster than successive-cancellation decoding algorithm. More importantly, the proposed algorithm decreases the hardness when applying in some degree. </div>
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> <p style="text-align:justify;background:white;"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's </span><span><a href="http://publicationethics.org/files/retraction%20guidelines.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "="">Retraction Guidelines</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"=""></span> </p> <p style="text-align:justify;background:white;"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"="">Please see the </span><span><a href="https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=101825"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "="">article page</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"=""> for more details. </span><span><a href="https://www.scirp.org/pdf/opj_2020072814494052.pdf"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "="">The full retraction notice</span></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" color:black;"=""> in PDF is preceding the original paper which is marked "RETRACTED". </span> </p> <br /> </div>
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072553).
文摘Objective:Recently,the effects of Baduanjin(a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise)on diabetes have attracted increasing attention,and relevant systematic reviews(SRs)have emerged.However,the qualities of these SRs vary markedly,and their conclusions are inconsistent,which is not conducive to guiding decision-making.We sought to assess the quality of these SRs and provide more evidence for diabetes treatment.Methods:A literature search was conducted in 7 databases from inception to December 1st,2021.SRs of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Baduanjin were identified.A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR-2)checklist,Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis(PRISMA)statement,and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)system were applied to evaluate the quality of the SRs.Results:Ten SRs were identified.All SRs were judged as critically low methodological quality by the AMSTAR-2 checklist.The total PRISMA score of the included SRs ranged from 15 to 21,and the mean score was 18.60(1.90),indicating that all SRs had partial reporting deficits.Sixty outcomes were reported in the included studies,of which 25(41.67%)were judged as low quality,and 34(56.67%)as very low quality according to the GRADE system,indicating that the overall evidence quality of outcomes was not high.Conclusion:Baduanjin seems to be an effective therapy for diabetes in improving glucose and lipid metabolism,mental health,quality of life,and waist-hip ratio(WHR).The overall quality of the SRs was less than optimal.This conclusion should be treated with caution,and researchers should conduct higher-quality clinical studies following AMSTAR-2checklist,PRISMA statement,and GRADE system in the future.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC2302405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81830101).
文摘Monkeypox has been declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization.There is an urgent need for efficient and safe vaccines against the monkeypox virus(MPXV)in response to the rapidly spreading monkeypox epidemic.In the age of COVID-19,mRNA vaccines have been highly successful and emerged as platforms enabling rapid development and large-scale preparation.Here,we develop two MPXV quadrivalent mRNA vaccines,named mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP,based on two intracellular mature virus specific proteins(A29L and M1R)and two extracellular enveloped virus specific proteins(A35R and B6R).By administering mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP intramuscularly twice,mice induce MPXV specific IgG antibodies and potent vaccinia virus(VACV)specific neutralizing antibodies.Further,it elicits efficient MPXV specific Th-1 biased cellular immunity,as well as durable effector memory T and germinal center B cell responses in mice.In addition,two doses of mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP are protective against the VACV challenge in mice.And,the passive transfer of sera from mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP-immunized mice protects nude mice against the VACV challenge.Overall,our results demonstrate that mRNA-A-LNP and mRNA-B-LNP appear to be safe and effective vaccine candidates against monkeypox epidemics,as well as against outbreaks caused by other orthopoxviruses,including the smallpox virus.
