Wastewater-based surveillance serves as a supplementary approach to clinical surveillance of COVID-19 during the epidemic.This study aimed to track the prevalence of the disease and the viral genetic variability throu...Wastewater-based surveillance serves as a supplementary approach to clinical surveillance of COVID-19 during the epidemic.This study aimed to track the prevalence of the disease and the viral genetic variability through wastewater-based surveillance in the post-epidemic era.Between January to December 2023,samples were collected from the influent lines of two wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),concentrated using PEG8000,and subjected to detection of the target genes ORF 1ab and N of SARS-CoV-2 via reverse transcriptional quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).For next-generation sequencing(NGS),high-quality samples from both wastewater and clinical patients were selected.Weekly analysis were performed using R software to evaluate the correlation between the SARSCoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater and positive rate of reported cases,indicating a positive correlation.Genetic diversity patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater resembled those in the patient source based on Principal Coordinates Analysis(PCoA)with three clusters for different stages.The rise of RNA concentration in wastewater indicates the growth of cases and the emergence of new variants,serving as an early warning of potential viral mutations,disease outbreaks even possible epidemics.Furthermore,the genomic surveillance of wastewater could help identify new variants that may not be captured through population monitoring,especially when sample sizes are insufficient.Consequently,surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in municipal wastewater has emerged as a reliable,earlywarning monitoring system for COVID-19 in the post-epidemic era.展开更多
Intelligent vehicle(Ⅳ)technology has developed rapidly in recent years.However,achieving fully unmanned driving still presents numerous challenges,which means that human drivers will continue to play a vital role in ...Intelligent vehicle(Ⅳ)technology has developed rapidly in recent years.However,achieving fully unmanned driving still presents numerous challenges,which means that human drivers will continue to play a vital role in vehicle operation for the foreseeable future.Human-machine shared driving,involving cooperation between a human driver and an automated driving system(AVS),has been widely regarded as a necessary stage for the development of IVs.Focusing onⅣdriving safety,this study proposed a human-machine shared lateral control strategy(HSLCS)based on the reliability of driver risk perception.The HSLCS starts by identifying the effective areas of driver risk perception based on eye movements.It establishes an anisotropic driving risk field,which serves as the foundation for the AVS to assess risk levels.Building upon the cumulative and diminishing effects of risk perception,the proposed approach leverages the driver's risk perception effective area and converts the risk field into a representation aligned with the driver's perspective.Subsequently,it quantifies the reliability of the driver's risk perception by using area-matching rules.Finally,based on the driver’s risk perception reliability and dif-ferences in lateral driving operation between the human driver and the AVS,the dynamic distribution of driving authority is achieved through a fuzzy rule-based system,and the human-machine shared lateral control is completed by using model predictive control.The HSLCS was tested across various scenarios on a driver-in-the-loop test platform.The results show that the HSLCS can realize the synergy and complementarity of human and machine intelligence,effectively ensuring the safety ofⅣoperation.展开更多
Safe drinking water is a valuable public health resource that affects people’s livelihood and is essential for human health,making it an international concern for drinking water quality improvement.The Standards for ...Safe drinking water is a valuable public health resource that affects people’s livelihood and is essential for human health,making it an international concern for drinking water quality improvement.The Standards for Drinking Water Quality of China(China SDWQ)is a legal document approved and issued by the Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China that serves as a starting point for protecting public health and ensuring the quality of human life.There are three versions of China SDWQ,including the 1985 edition,2006 edition,and 2022 edition.China SDWQ(2022 edition)sets a wide variety of indices covering biological,chemical,physical,and other risk factors in drinking water.Additionally,it establishes management requirements for the entire water supply process,providing a technical basis and criteria for ensuring drinking water safety and a scientific basis for developing drinking water safety policies and proposing targeted public health protection measures.展开更多
The impressive development of China's economy over the past few decades has enabled non-financial firms to adopt financial investment in exchange for enhanced financing behavior and short-term profit(shareholder v...The impressive development of China's economy over the past few decades has enabled non-financial firms to adopt financial investment in exchange for enhanced financing behavior and short-term profit(shareholder value)maximization,while the persistence of fixed investment leading to dramatic capital accumulation has spurred the nation's rapid economic growth.The existing literature has extensive discussions on the crowd-out effect of financial activities on non-financial firms'fixed investment but overlooks to what extent and under what forces financial activities potentially benefit real investment.This paper investigates whether profits from financial activities have an inverted U-shape relationship with firms'fixed investment.In particular,we aim to identify if the benefit of financial profit on fixed investment is through the financial constraint channel and/or ownership structure channel for Chinese-listed firms from 2003 to 2018.We present robust evidence to support the inverted U-shape relationship between financial profit and fixed investment for the whole sample of firms as well as the split samples of firms(SOEs and non-SOEs).Moreover,among all channels including cash flow,debt financing,managerial shareholding,ownership concentration,and state ownership,this research documents that financial profit mainly benefits firms by reducing debt burden.Firms with concentrated ownership and strong state shareholding are also more likely to crowd-out real investment or potentially alleviate overinvestment.Nevertheless,non-SOEs are more prone to benefit from financial profits by reducing the debt overhang problem than SOEs,whereas ownership concentration for SOEs non-increments the crowd-out effect.展开更多
Total paeony glycoside（TPG） is obtained from Radix Paeoniae Rubra with a variety of bioactivities. However, the low solubility and bioavailability limit its application. The present study aimed to develop TPG nanocr...Total paeony glycoside（TPG） is obtained from Radix Paeoniae Rubra with a variety of bioactivities. However, the low solubility and bioavailability limit its application. The present study aimed to develop TPG nanocrystals to increase the dissolution and then improve the oral bioavailability. TPG nanocrystals were prepared via precipitation and high-pressure homogenization method. The physical-chemical properties of the optimal TPG nanocrystals in terms of particle size, zeta potential, morphology and crystallinity were evaluated. The results showed that TPG nanocrystals had a mean particle size of（210.2±2.5） nm, a polydispersity index of 0.191±0.033 and a zeta potential of（–22.4±1.2） mV. The result of differential scanning calorimetry showed that the nanocrystals were still in crystalline state after the preparation procedure. Transmission electron microscopy（TEM） results showed that the nanosuspension was in spherical shape. The pharmacokinetics of TPG nanocrystals for rats was investigated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy（LC-MS/MS）. Compared with the TPG coarse suspension, TPG nanocrystals exhibited significant increase in AUC0–∞（approximately 1.85-fold）. Taken together, TPG nanocrystals could be used as a promising drug delivery system due to the enhanced oral bioavailability of TPG.展开更多
Music is the language of emotions.In recent years,music emotion recognition has attracted widespread attention in the academic and industrial community since it can be widely used in fields like recommendation systems...Music is the language of emotions.In recent years,music emotion recognition has attracted widespread attention in the academic and industrial community since it can be widely used in fields like recommendation systems,automatic music composing,psychotherapy,music visualization,and so on.Especially with the rapid development of artificial intelligence,deep learning-based music emotion recognition is gradually becoming mainstream.This paper gives a detailed survey of music emotion recognition.Starting with some preliminary knowledge of music emotion recognition,this paper first introduces some commonly used evaluation metrics.Then a three-part research framework is put forward.Based on this three-part research framework,the knowledge and algorithms involved in each part are introduced with detailed analysis,including some commonly used datasets,emotion models,feature extraction,and emotion recognition algorithms.After that,the challenging problems and development trends of music emotion recognition technology are proposed,and finally,the whole paper is summarized.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(China)(2021YFS0064)the Youth Innovation Research Project by the Sichuan Medical Association(China)(Q22017)the Science Foundation of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Chengdu(China)(22056).
文摘Wastewater-based surveillance serves as a supplementary approach to clinical surveillance of COVID-19 during the epidemic.This study aimed to track the prevalence of the disease and the viral genetic variability through wastewater-based surveillance in the post-epidemic era.Between January to December 2023,samples were collected from the influent lines of two wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),concentrated using PEG8000,and subjected to detection of the target genes ORF 1ab and N of SARS-CoV-2 via reverse transcriptional quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).For next-generation sequencing(NGS),high-quality samples from both wastewater and clinical patients were selected.Weekly analysis were performed using R software to evaluate the correlation between the SARSCoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater and positive rate of reported cases,indicating a positive correlation.Genetic diversity patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater resembled those in the patient source based on Principal Coordinates Analysis(PCoA)with three clusters for different stages.The rise of RNA concentration in wastewater indicates the growth of cases and the emergence of new variants,serving as an early warning of potential viral mutations,disease outbreaks even possible epidemics.Furthermore,the genomic surveillance of wastewater could help identify new variants that may not be captured through population monitoring,especially when sample sizes are insufficient.Consequently,surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in municipal wastewater has emerged as a reliable,earlywarning monitoring system for COVID-19 in the post-epidemic era.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52172386the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U22A20247+1 种基金the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Projects under Grant 20210101057JCthe Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology under Grant 20220301009GX.
文摘Intelligent vehicle(Ⅳ)technology has developed rapidly in recent years.However,achieving fully unmanned driving still presents numerous challenges,which means that human drivers will continue to play a vital role in vehicle operation for the foreseeable future.Human-machine shared driving,involving cooperation between a human driver and an automated driving system(AVS),has been widely regarded as a necessary stage for the development of IVs.Focusing onⅣdriving safety,this study proposed a human-machine shared lateral control strategy(HSLCS)based on the reliability of driver risk perception.The HSLCS starts by identifying the effective areas of driver risk perception based on eye movements.It establishes an anisotropic driving risk field,which serves as the foundation for the AVS to assess risk levels.Building upon the cumulative and diminishing effects of risk perception,the proposed approach leverages the driver's risk perception effective area and converts the risk field into a representation aligned with the driver's perspective.Subsequently,it quantifies the reliability of the driver's risk perception by using area-matching rules.Finally,based on the driver’s risk perception reliability and dif-ferences in lateral driving operation between the human driver and the AVS,the dynamic distribution of driving authority is achieved through a fuzzy rule-based system,and the human-machine shared lateral control is completed by using model predictive control.The HSLCS was tested across various scenarios on a driver-in-the-loop test platform.The results show that the HSLCS can realize the synergy and complementarity of human and machine intelligence,effectively ensuring the safety ofⅣoperation.
基金Health Standard Preparation and Revision Project,funded by the National Health Commission of China(20180901).
文摘Safe drinking water is a valuable public health resource that affects people’s livelihood and is essential for human health,making it an international concern for drinking water quality improvement.The Standards for Drinking Water Quality of China(China SDWQ)is a legal document approved and issued by the Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China that serves as a starting point for protecting public health and ensuring the quality of human life.There are three versions of China SDWQ,including the 1985 edition,2006 edition,and 2022 edition.China SDWQ(2022 edition)sets a wide variety of indices covering biological,chemical,physical,and other risk factors in drinking water.Additionally,it establishes management requirements for the entire water supply process,providing a technical basis and criteria for ensuring drinking water safety and a scientific basis for developing drinking water safety policies and proposing targeted public health protection measures.
文摘The impressive development of China's economy over the past few decades has enabled non-financial firms to adopt financial investment in exchange for enhanced financing behavior and short-term profit(shareholder value)maximization,while the persistence of fixed investment leading to dramatic capital accumulation has spurred the nation's rapid economic growth.The existing literature has extensive discussions on the crowd-out effect of financial activities on non-financial firms'fixed investment but overlooks to what extent and under what forces financial activities potentially benefit real investment.This paper investigates whether profits from financial activities have an inverted U-shape relationship with firms'fixed investment.In particular,we aim to identify if the benefit of financial profit on fixed investment is through the financial constraint channel and/or ownership structure channel for Chinese-listed firms from 2003 to 2018.We present robust evidence to support the inverted U-shape relationship between financial profit and fixed investment for the whole sample of firms as well as the split samples of firms(SOEs and non-SOEs).Moreover,among all channels including cash flow,debt financing,managerial shareholding,ownership concentration,and state ownership,this research documents that financial profit mainly benefits firms by reducing debt burden.Firms with concentrated ownership and strong state shareholding are also more likely to crowd-out real investment or potentially alleviate overinvestment.Nevertheless,non-SOEs are more prone to benefit from financial profits by reducing the debt overhang problem than SOEs,whereas ownership concentration for SOEs non-increments the crowd-out effect.
基金Innovation Team Project(Grant No.LT2015011)from the Education Department of Liaoning ProvinceImportant Sci entific and Technical Achievements Transformation Project(Gr ant No.Z17-5-078)+1 种基金Applied Basic Research Project(Grant No.F16205144)of Science and Technology Bureau of Shenyangthe Liaoning Provincial Education Department Project of China(Grant No.L2015192)
文摘Total paeony glycoside（TPG） is obtained from Radix Paeoniae Rubra with a variety of bioactivities. However, the low solubility and bioavailability limit its application. The present study aimed to develop TPG nanocrystals to increase the dissolution and then improve the oral bioavailability. TPG nanocrystals were prepared via precipitation and high-pressure homogenization method. The physical-chemical properties of the optimal TPG nanocrystals in terms of particle size, zeta potential, morphology and crystallinity were evaluated. The results showed that TPG nanocrystals had a mean particle size of（210.2±2.5） nm, a polydispersity index of 0.191±0.033 and a zeta potential of（–22.4±1.2） mV. The result of differential scanning calorimetry showed that the nanocrystals were still in crystalline state after the preparation procedure. Transmission electron microscopy（TEM） results showed that the nanosuspension was in spherical shape. The pharmacokinetics of TPG nanocrystals for rats was investigated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy（LC-MS/MS）. Compared with the TPG coarse suspension, TPG nanocrystals exhibited significant increase in AUC0–∞（approximately 1.85-fold）. Taken together, TPG nanocrystals could be used as a promising drug delivery system due to the enhanced oral bioavailability of TPG.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.61672144,61872072,61173029)the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFB1405302)。
文摘Music is the language of emotions.In recent years,music emotion recognition has attracted widespread attention in the academic and industrial community since it can be widely used in fields like recommendation systems,automatic music composing,psychotherapy,music visualization,and so on.Especially with the rapid development of artificial intelligence,deep learning-based music emotion recognition is gradually becoming mainstream.This paper gives a detailed survey of music emotion recognition.Starting with some preliminary knowledge of music emotion recognition,this paper first introduces some commonly used evaluation metrics.Then a three-part research framework is put forward.Based on this three-part research framework,the knowledge and algorithms involved in each part are introduced with detailed analysis,including some commonly used datasets,emotion models,feature extraction,and emotion recognition algorithms.After that,the challenging problems and development trends of music emotion recognition technology are proposed,and finally,the whole paper is summarized.
