Oral diseases, such as periodontitis, salivary gland diseases, and oral cancers, significantly challenge health conditions due to their detrimental effects on patient's digestive functions, pronunciation, and esth...Oral diseases, such as periodontitis, salivary gland diseases, and oral cancers, significantly challenge health conditions due to their detrimental effects on patient's digestive functions, pronunciation, and esthetic demands. Delayed diagnosis and non-targeted treatment profoundly influence patients' prognosis and quality of life. The exploration of innovative approaches for early detection and precise treatment represents a promising frontier in oral medicine.展开更多
Hetero-element doping is a promising strategy to improve the cycling stability of nickel-rich cobalt-free cathodes for the next-generation high energy-density Li ion batteries.To make doping effective,it is important ...Hetero-element doping is a promising strategy to improve the cycling stability of nickel-rich cobalt-free cathodes for the next-generation high energy-density Li ion batteries.To make doping effective,it is important to understand the mechanism of how the dopants regulate the electronic band,lattice parameter adjusting,or hetero-phase formation to achieve high stability.In this study,we investigate LiNi_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cathodes doped with IVB grouping elements via multiple characterization techniques.By utilizing in situ XRD and TEM methods,we found that the stronger Ti-O bond effectively improves the cathode stability via a dual protection mechanism.Specifically,the bulk lattice of cathode is wellpreserved during cycling as a result of the suppressed H_(2)-H_(3)phase transition,while a in situ formed Ti-rich surface layer can prevent continuous surface degradation.As a result,the 5%Ti doped LiNi_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cathode exhibits a high capacity retention of 96%after 100 cycles.Whereas,despite IVB group elements Zr and Hf have stronger bonding energy with oxygen,their larger ionic radii actually impede their diffusion into the cathode,thereby they can not improve the cycling stability.Our findings uncover the functional origin of doped elements with their dynamic modification on cathode structure,providing mechanistic insights into the design of nickel-rich cobalt-free cathodes.展开更多
Iron(Fe)is an essential micronutrient for all organisms,including plants,whose limited bioavailability restricts plant growth,yield,and nutritional quality.While the transcriptional regulation of plant responses to Fe...Iron(Fe)is an essential micronutrient for all organisms,including plants,whose limited bioavailability restricts plant growth,yield,and nutritional quality.While the transcriptional regulation of plant responses to Fe deficiency have been extensively studied,the contribution of epigenetic modulations,such as DNA methylation,remains poorly understood.Here,we report that treatment with a DNA methylase inhibitor repressed Fe deficiency-induced responses in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)roots,suggesting the importance of DNA methylation in regulating Fe deficiency responses.Dynamic changes in the DNA methylome in tomato roots responding to short-term(12 hours)and long-term(72 hours)Fe deficiency identified many differentially methylated regions(DMRs)and DMR-associated genes.Most DMRs occurred at CHH sites under short-term Fe deficiency,whereas they were predominant at CG sites following long-term Fe deficiency.Furthermore,no correlation was detected between the changes in DNA methylation levels and the changes in transcript levels of the affected genes under either short-term or long-term treatments.Notably,one exception was CG hypermethylation at the bHLH39 promoter,which was positively correlated with its transcriptional induction.In agreement,we detected lower CG methylation at the bHLH39 promoter and lower bHLH39 expression in MET1-RNA interference lines compared with wild-type seedlings.Virus-induced gene silencing of bHLH39 and luciferase reporter assays revealed that bHLH39 is positively involved in the modulation of Fe homeostasis.Altogether,we propose that dynamic epigenetic DNA methylation in the CG context at the bHLH39 promoter is involved in its transcriptional regulation,thus contributing to the Fe deficiency response of tomato.展开更多
<strong>Objective</strong>: This paper aims to explore clinical status and related influence factors of pressure injury (PI) in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease, so as to provide reference for th...<strong>Objective</strong>: This paper aims to explore clinical status and related influence factors of pressure injury (PI) in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of PI in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Methods</strong>: Retrospective collection method is adopted to collect 158 clinical cases of the elderly inpatients with kidney disease aged ≥ 60 in the Nephrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from January 2017 to December 2019, and then least absolute shrinkage and selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis is used to analyze 17 possible influence factors;finally Logistic regression model is established to analyze and screen influence factors of risk. <strong>Results</strong>: 1) Among 158 elderly inpatients with medium and high risk of PI, the incidence of PI is 20.25%;the most common stage of injury is stage I (42.5%);sacrococcygeal (60%) is the high-risk site of pressure injury. 2) LASSO regression analysis shows that history of present respiratory infection/respiratory failure (<em>β </em>= 1.2714. <em>P</em> < 0.05) and hospitalization time (<em>β</em> = 0.4177. <em>P </em>< 0.05) are independent factors influencing PI risk in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Concl</strong><strong>usio</strong><strong>n</strong>: The elderly patients with kidney disease and PI risk are the high incidence population of hospital acquired PI;for the elderly inpatients with kidney disease and having respiratory infection history or respiratory failure, prolonged hospitalization will significantly increase the risk of PI. Therefore, targeted preventive and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of PI.展开更多
The droplet size, size distribution, refractive index, and temperature can be measured simultaneously by the rainbow technique. In the present work, the rainbow scattering diagram for a spherical droplet in the second...The droplet size, size distribution, refractive index, and temperature can be measured simultaneously by the rainbow technique. In the present work, the rainbow scattering diagram for a spherical droplet in the secondary rainbow region is simulated by the use of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory. For achieving high spatial resolution in denser droplet sprays, a focused Gaussian beam is used. For droplet characterization, different inversion algorithms are investigated, which includes trough-trough (<em>θ</em><sub>min1</sub> and <em>θ</em><sub>min2</sub>) method and inflection-inflection (<em>θ</em><sub>inf1</sub> and <em>θ</em><sub>inf2</sub>) method. For the trough-trough algorithm, the absolute error of the refractive index is between −6.4 × 10<sup>−4</sup> and 1.7 × 10<sup>−4</sup>, and the error of the droplet radius is only between −0.55% and 1.77%. For the inflection-inflection algorithm, the maximum absolute error of the inverted refractive index is less than −1.1 × 10<sup>−3</sup>. The error of the droplet radius is between −0.75% and 5.67%.展开更多
Background:Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a common antioxidant which is widely used in animal feed.But the supplement of EQ in animal feed may lead to the residues of EQ and its major oxidation products:ethoxyquin quinone imine(EQI...Background:Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a common antioxidant which is widely used in animal feed.But the supplement of EQ in animal feed may lead to the residues of EQ and its major oxidation products:ethoxyquin quinone imine(EQI)and ethoxyquin dimer(EQDM)in animal tissue.Thus,it would pose potential health hazards to consumers.However,the method for the simultaneous determination of EQ,EQI and EQDM in animal tissues is currently not available,and the accumulation extend of these chemicals in animal tissues after EQ administration remains to be evaluated.Results:A gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was successfully developed for the simultaneous determination of EQ,EQI and EQDM in swine tissues.The quantitative limits of EQ,EQI and EQDM can achieve to 0.5,5.0 and 5.0μg/kg in swine tissues,respectively.The spiked-recovery ratios of the three analytes(5–2000μg/kg)were in the range of 64.7%–100.7%with relative standard deviations below 11.6%.Moreover,the utilization of this method for the analysis of actual swine tissue samples revealed that the application of commercial EQ additive in swine diet would produce the residues of all the three chemicals(EQ,EQI and EQDM)in fat,kidney,liver and muscle.Conclusions:The assay accuracy and precision of this GC-MS/MS method can meet the requirement of quantitative analysis.Meanwhile,the safety of EQ as a feed additive should be seriously considered with regard to food safety concerns since the oxidation product of EQ may have potential carcinogenicity.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the mediating role of professional commitment of undergraduate nursing students between positive psychological capital(PsyCap)and learning burnout.Materials and Meth...Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the mediating role of professional commitment of undergraduate nursing students between positive psychological capital(PsyCap)and learning burnout.Materials and Methods:A cluster sampling method was used to survey 442 students of a bachelor’s degree in freshman to the junior in a medical college in Shaanxi Province.Results:Professional commitment was positively related to positive PsyCap(=0.487,P<0.01),while positive PsyCap and professional commitment were negatively related to learning burnout(r=−0.456,r=−0.411,P all<0.01).There are certain mediating effects of professional commitment in the relationship between positive PsyCap and learning burnout.The mediating effect value of professional commitment is−0.065,accounting for 16.08%of the total effect.Conclusion:Nursing educators in medical colleges and universities should focus on developing and training the positive PsyCap of undergraduate nursing students,thereby enhancing and stabilizing their professional commitment level and reducing the risk of learning burnout.展开更多
Background:Colistin(polymyxin E)is a kind of peptide antibiotic which has been approved in animal production for the purposes of disease prevention,treatment,and growth promotion.However,the wide use of colistin in an...Background:Colistin(polymyxin E)is a kind of peptide antibiotic which has been approved in animal production for the purposes of disease prevention,treatment,and growth promotion.However,the wide use of colistin in animal feed may accelerate the spread of colistin-resistance gene MCR-1 from animal production to human beings,and its residue in animal-origin food may also pose serious health hazards to humans.Thus,it is necessary to develop corresponding analytical methods to monitor the addition of colistin in animal feed and the colistin residue in animal-origin food.Results:A one-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay(LFIA)for colistin were developed based on a newly developed monoclonal antibody.The ELISA showed a 50%inhibition value(IC50)of 9.7 ng/m L with assay time less than 60 min,while the LFIA had a strip reader-based detection limit of 0.87 ng/m L in phosphate buffer with assay time less than 15 min.For reducing the non-specific adsorption of colistin onto sample vial,the components of sample extraction solution were optimized and proved to greatly improve the assay accuracy.The spiked recovery experiment showed that the recoveries of colistin from feed,milk and meat samples were in the range of 77.83%to 113.38%with coefficient of variations less than 13%by ELISA analysis and less than 18%by LFIA analysis,respectively.Furthermore,actual sample analysis indicated that the two immunoassays can produce results consistent with instrumental analysis.Conclusions:The developed assays can be used for rapid qualitative or quantitative detection of colistin in animal feed and food.展开更多
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)-based cell-free therapy,particularly stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(SC-EVs),offers new insights into treating a series of neurological disorders and becomes a promising candidate ...Extracellular vesicles(EVs)-based cell-free therapy,particularly stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(SC-EVs),offers new insights into treating a series of neurological disorders and becomes a promising candidate for alternative stem cell regenerative therapy.Currently,SC-EVs are considered direct therapeutic agents by themselves and/or dynamic delivery systems as they have a similar regenerative capacity of stem cells to promote neurogenesis and can easily load many functional small molecules to recipient cells in the central nervous system.Meanwhile,as non-living entities,SC-EVs avoid the uncontrollability and manufacturability limitations of live stem cell products in vivo(e.g.,low survival rate,immune response,and tumorigenicity)and in vitro(e.g.,restricted sources,complex preparation processes,poor quality control,low storage,shipping instability,and ethical controversy)by strict quality control system.Moreover,SC-EVs can be engineered or designed to enhance further overall yield,increase bioactivity,improve targeting,and extend their half-life.Here,this review provides an overview on the biological properties of SC-EVs,and the current progress in the strategies of native or bioengineered SC-EVs for nerve injury repairing is presented.Then we further summarize the challenges of recent research and perspectives for successful clinical application to advance SC-EVs from bench to bedside in neurological diseases.展开更多
Juglans mandshurica is an economically and ecologically valuable species that is used for various construction purposes,making luxurious furniture,as food and sources of medicinal substances and landscaping because of...Juglans mandshurica is an economically and ecologically valuable species that is used for various construction purposes,making luxurious furniture,as food and sources of medicinal substances and landscaping because of its excellent wood,edible fruits and rich in various types of chemical compounds.In the past few decades,several genetic improvements of J.mandshurica were made,with a focus on the selection of improved varieties and on breeding technology.Many elite provenances and families were selected based on growth traits or wood properties.In recent years,with the increasing demand for high-quality seedlings in Chinese forestry production,the breeding goals of genetic improvement for J.mandshurica were redefined to include other traits,such as fruit yield and contents of medicinal component.However,the improvement processes were still slow due to the long breeding cycle and the limited use of advanced breeding technologies,resulting in the selection of fewer improved varieties.In this review,we summarized the research progresses on genetic improvements of J.mandshurica and other related works,and discussed research gaps and suggested future directions for genetic improvement of the species.The review provides valuable insight for the selection of improved varieties and production of excellent germplasms.展开更多
Purpose: To explore the fever-related risk factors of inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, and to provide reference for patients with high risk of fever to take corresponding nursing measures. Methods: The study w...Purpose: To explore the fever-related risk factors of inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, and to provide reference for patients with high risk of fever to take corresponding nursing measures. Methods: The study was conducted on the Rehabilitation Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from July 2019 to December 2019. The fever group included 51 patients and the non-fever group included 49 patients without fever. The two groups of clinical data, comorbidities, related laboratory values, possible risk factors of fever were analyzed by case regression analysis, and the relevant risk factors were screened out by LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression analysis. Results: According to the results of Lasso regression analysis, pressure sore or skin infection, history of hypertension, current history of respiratory tract infection, feeding patterns were the higher risk factors of fever in inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, while the first course of disease, main diagnosis, history of respiratory tract infection within half a year, kidney damage and hospitalization days were lower risk factors. Conclusion: This study is helpful to early identify the fever risk of inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, and provide reference basis for high-risk fever patients to take positive and effective nursing measures.展开更多
With the development and improvement of the hydraulic steering system,the articulated steering system became the research focus of numerous domestic and foreign scholars.The full hydraulic steering system with a compa...With the development and improvement of the hydraulic steering system,the articulated steering system became the research focus of numerous domestic and foreign scholars.The full hydraulic steering system with a compact structure and ease of operation,is widely used in articulated steering mode.Furthermore,its performance can directly impact the steering sensitivity and stability.This paper studies the working principle and actual structure of the priority valve and the steering control valve,which are very important.By setting up a mathematic model,the system’s load-sensing characteristics and the impact of steering control valve bypass throttle damping on steering stability can be analyzed.The Hydraulic Components Design(HCD)model was established for the hydraulic part of this system.It is proved that the model can reflect the system’s actual properties by comparing simulation and experimental results.The dynamic model is based on its actual prototype parameters by taking the tire and ground forces into account.The steering process’s dynamic characteristics are co-simulated in the 1D+3D system model by combining AMESim and Virtual.Lab Motion.The simulation results show that the system’s load-sensing characteristics ensure the sensitivity of the steering operation,and the bypass throttle damping has significantly improved the operation stability and lowered down the cylinder pressure fluctuations.This can improve the system performance by appropriate optimization.展开更多
The target of the AIIB is to focus on supporting the infrastructure construction in Asia as well as to promote regional cooperation and partnership so that countries can jointly address the challenges during the devel...The target of the AIIB is to focus on supporting the infrastructure construction in Asia as well as to promote regional cooperation and partnership so that countries can jointly address the challenges during the developing process.As the first China-led multilateral international institution,AIIB is targeted for focusing on supporting the infrastructure construction展开更多
Interactions of chloramine with organic nitrogen compounds during purification of water for drinking may generate carcinogenic N-nitrosodime-thylamine (NDMA) as byproduct, and it has been found that cationic amine-bas...Interactions of chloramine with organic nitrogen compounds during purification of water for drinking may generate carcinogenic N-nitrosodime-thylamine (NDMA) as byproduct, and it has been found that cationic amine-based water treatment polymers may be one of the important precursors of NDMA. We have analyzed experimentally the influence rule of NDMA formation during chlorination and disinfection, in order to provide technical support for reducing or even avoiding the formation of NDMA. The formation characteristics of nitrosamines during the chlorination of poly-diallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) have been studied during our experiments. The results show that the type of chlorinating agent is crucial for the generation of NDMA;if pH = 7, NDMA has the great potential formation;the NDMA potential formation increases with temperature. The yield of NDMA will be higher as the concentration of monochloramine is 1.5 to 2.5 times of the precursor;the variation of polymer with reaction time can explain the concentration of NDMA in terminal water of pipe network is higher than that in drinking water.展开更多
Piper auritum Kunth,a member of the Piperacea family,is a small shrub native to the Central American tropics.This plant was traditionally used in Latin American countries for the treatment of various medical condition...Piper auritum Kunth,a member of the Piperacea family,is a small shrub native to the Central American tropics.This plant was traditionally used in Latin American countries for the treatment of various medical conditions.Increase in the recent studies of P.auritum’s chemical components leads to the isolation of monoterpenoids,sesquiterpenoids,phenylpropanoids and several other compounds.Previous research has revealed that these secondary metabolites have diverse pharmacological activities including antidiabetic,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-pathogeny microorganism and repellent activity.This review summarizes relevant findings on P.auritum,and hopes to contribute to the exploration of its potentials for further development as an alternative medicine.展开更多
Based on field detected water quality data, the distribution characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in a reservoir as drinking water source in Dongguan, which locates at the Pearl River Delta of China, have be...Based on field detected water quality data, the distribution characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in a reservoir as drinking water source in Dongguan, which locates at the Pearl River Delta of China, have been analyzed in order to provide theoretical bases for prevention and reduction of eutrophication. The analyzed results show that nitrogen forms in the influent area of the reservoir are given priority to ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, whose proportion is more than 45% respectively, and this is probably caused by the pollution of inflow water quality;but in the effluent area, the forms are given priority to nitrate nitrogen, whose proportion is as high as 96% and above;also the proportion of ammonia nitrogen drops by more than 80% during the process from the influent area to the effluent area, and this shows that the natural process of nitrification and denitrification can be well accomplished in the reservoir. We recommend here that to reduce the input amount of ammonia nitrogen and organic nitrogen into the reservoir is the most efficient way to prevent or mitigate eutrophication of water body.展开更多
Li-ion batteries(LIBs)have dominated energy-storage techniques for portable electronic devices and electric cars,and are expanding their territory into the large-scale energy storage.The energy storage of LIBs is real...Li-ion batteries(LIBs)have dominated energy-storage techniques for portable electronic devices and electric cars,and are expanding their territory into the large-scale energy storage.The energy storage of LIBs is realized by the reversible shuttle of lithium ions between electrodes.It is essential to track the lithium diffusion and obtain a profound insight into the lithiation mechanism during the work cycle of LIBs.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)is a powerful tool for the structural characterization,which can provide the information about the lithiation at the atomic scale.In this review,we summarize the research frontiers of TEM applications on LIBs.We introduce the techniques for the direct observation of Li species in LIB-related materials.Especially,the application of cryo-TEM is highlighted.Moreover,in-situ TEM technique is further discussed since it shows great advantages in studying the dynamical structure changes of LIBs.The perspectives and strategies in this review offer feasible guidance for researchers to further improve the performance of LIBs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants(82370945, 82171001, 82222015 and 82370915)Research Funding from West China School/Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University(RCDWJS2023-1)。
文摘Oral diseases, such as periodontitis, salivary gland diseases, and oral cancers, significantly challenge health conditions due to their detrimental effects on patient's digestive functions, pronunciation, and esthetic demands. Delayed diagnosis and non-targeted treatment profoundly influence patients' prognosis and quality of life. The exploration of innovative approaches for early detection and precise treatment represents a promising frontier in oral medicine.
基金the funding support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB2007400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22209202,22075317)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)(XDB33030200)of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Hetero-element doping is a promising strategy to improve the cycling stability of nickel-rich cobalt-free cathodes for the next-generation high energy-density Li ion batteries.To make doping effective,it is important to understand the mechanism of how the dopants regulate the electronic band,lattice parameter adjusting,or hetero-phase formation to achieve high stability.In this study,we investigate LiNi_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cathodes doped with IVB grouping elements via multiple characterization techniques.By utilizing in situ XRD and TEM methods,we found that the stronger Ti-O bond effectively improves the cathode stability via a dual protection mechanism.Specifically,the bulk lattice of cathode is wellpreserved during cycling as a result of the suppressed H_(2)-H_(3)phase transition,while a in situ formed Ti-rich surface layer can prevent continuous surface degradation.As a result,the 5%Ti doped LiNi_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cathode exhibits a high capacity retention of 96%after 100 cycles.Whereas,despite IVB group elements Zr and Hf have stronger bonding energy with oxygen,their larger ionic radii actually impede their diffusion into the cathode,thereby they can not improve the cycling stability.Our findings uncover the functional origin of doped elements with their dynamic modification on cathode structure,providing mechanistic insights into the design of nickel-rich cobalt-free cathodes.
基金This work was supported financially by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ22C150001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019 M652064).
文摘Iron(Fe)is an essential micronutrient for all organisms,including plants,whose limited bioavailability restricts plant growth,yield,and nutritional quality.While the transcriptional regulation of plant responses to Fe deficiency have been extensively studied,the contribution of epigenetic modulations,such as DNA methylation,remains poorly understood.Here,we report that treatment with a DNA methylase inhibitor repressed Fe deficiency-induced responses in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)roots,suggesting the importance of DNA methylation in regulating Fe deficiency responses.Dynamic changes in the DNA methylome in tomato roots responding to short-term(12 hours)and long-term(72 hours)Fe deficiency identified many differentially methylated regions(DMRs)and DMR-associated genes.Most DMRs occurred at CHH sites under short-term Fe deficiency,whereas they were predominant at CG sites following long-term Fe deficiency.Furthermore,no correlation was detected between the changes in DNA methylation levels and the changes in transcript levels of the affected genes under either short-term or long-term treatments.Notably,one exception was CG hypermethylation at the bHLH39 promoter,which was positively correlated with its transcriptional induction.In agreement,we detected lower CG methylation at the bHLH39 promoter and lower bHLH39 expression in MET1-RNA interference lines compared with wild-type seedlings.Virus-induced gene silencing of bHLH39 and luciferase reporter assays revealed that bHLH39 is positively involved in the modulation of Fe homeostasis.Altogether,we propose that dynamic epigenetic DNA methylation in the CG context at the bHLH39 promoter is involved in its transcriptional regulation,thus contributing to the Fe deficiency response of tomato.
文摘<strong>Objective</strong>: This paper aims to explore clinical status and related influence factors of pressure injury (PI) in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of PI in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Methods</strong>: Retrospective collection method is adopted to collect 158 clinical cases of the elderly inpatients with kidney disease aged ≥ 60 in the Nephrology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from January 2017 to December 2019, and then least absolute shrinkage and selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis is used to analyze 17 possible influence factors;finally Logistic regression model is established to analyze and screen influence factors of risk. <strong>Results</strong>: 1) Among 158 elderly inpatients with medium and high risk of PI, the incidence of PI is 20.25%;the most common stage of injury is stage I (42.5%);sacrococcygeal (60%) is the high-risk site of pressure injury. 2) LASSO regression analysis shows that history of present respiratory infection/respiratory failure (<em>β </em>= 1.2714. <em>P</em> < 0.05) and hospitalization time (<em>β</em> = 0.4177. <em>P </em>< 0.05) are independent factors influencing PI risk in the elderly inpatients with kidney disease. <strong>Concl</strong><strong>usio</strong><strong>n</strong>: The elderly patients with kidney disease and PI risk are the high incidence population of hospital acquired PI;for the elderly inpatients with kidney disease and having respiratory infection history or respiratory failure, prolonged hospitalization will significantly increase the risk of PI. Therefore, targeted preventive and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of PI.
文摘The droplet size, size distribution, refractive index, and temperature can be measured simultaneously by the rainbow technique. In the present work, the rainbow scattering diagram for a spherical droplet in the secondary rainbow region is simulated by the use of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory. For achieving high spatial resolution in denser droplet sprays, a focused Gaussian beam is used. For droplet characterization, different inversion algorithms are investigated, which includes trough-trough (<em>θ</em><sub>min1</sub> and <em>θ</em><sub>min2</sub>) method and inflection-inflection (<em>θ</em><sub>inf1</sub> and <em>θ</em><sub>inf2</sub>) method. For the trough-trough algorithm, the absolute error of the refractive index is between −6.4 × 10<sup>−4</sup> and 1.7 × 10<sup>−4</sup>, and the error of the droplet radius is only between −0.55% and 1.77%. For the inflection-inflection algorithm, the maximum absolute error of the inverted refractive index is less than −1.1 × 10<sup>−3</sup>. The error of the droplet radius is between −0.75% and 5.67%.
基金supported the Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China.
文摘Background:Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a common antioxidant which is widely used in animal feed.But the supplement of EQ in animal feed may lead to the residues of EQ and its major oxidation products:ethoxyquin quinone imine(EQI)and ethoxyquin dimer(EQDM)in animal tissue.Thus,it would pose potential health hazards to consumers.However,the method for the simultaneous determination of EQ,EQI and EQDM in animal tissues is currently not available,and the accumulation extend of these chemicals in animal tissues after EQ administration remains to be evaluated.Results:A gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was successfully developed for the simultaneous determination of EQ,EQI and EQDM in swine tissues.The quantitative limits of EQ,EQI and EQDM can achieve to 0.5,5.0 and 5.0μg/kg in swine tissues,respectively.The spiked-recovery ratios of the three analytes(5–2000μg/kg)were in the range of 64.7%–100.7%with relative standard deviations below 11.6%.Moreover,the utilization of this method for the analysis of actual swine tissue samples revealed that the application of commercial EQ additive in swine diet would produce the residues of all the three chemicals(EQ,EQI and EQDM)in fat,kidney,liver and muscle.Conclusions:The assay accuracy and precision of this GC-MS/MS method can meet the requirement of quantitative analysis.Meanwhile,the safety of EQ as a feed additive should be seriously considered with regard to food safety concerns since the oxidation product of EQ may have potential carcinogenicity.
基金the Shaanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fund(No.:2019‑ZZ‑ZC010).
文摘Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the mediating role of professional commitment of undergraduate nursing students between positive psychological capital(PsyCap)and learning burnout.Materials and Methods:A cluster sampling method was used to survey 442 students of a bachelor’s degree in freshman to the junior in a medical college in Shaanxi Province.Results:Professional commitment was positively related to positive PsyCap(=0.487,P<0.01),while positive PsyCap and professional commitment were negatively related to learning burnout(r=−0.456,r=−0.411,P all<0.01).There are certain mediating effects of professional commitment in the relationship between positive PsyCap and learning burnout.The mediating effect value of professional commitment is−0.065,accounting for 16.08%of the total effect.Conclusion:Nursing educators in medical colleges and universities should focus on developing and training the positive PsyCap of undergraduate nursing students,thereby enhancing and stabilizing their professional commitment level and reducing the risk of learning burnout.
基金financially supported by Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBasic Research Program of Science and Technology(2014FY111000).
文摘Background:Colistin(polymyxin E)is a kind of peptide antibiotic which has been approved in animal production for the purposes of disease prevention,treatment,and growth promotion.However,the wide use of colistin in animal feed may accelerate the spread of colistin-resistance gene MCR-1 from animal production to human beings,and its residue in animal-origin food may also pose serious health hazards to humans.Thus,it is necessary to develop corresponding analytical methods to monitor the addition of colistin in animal feed and the colistin residue in animal-origin food.Results:A one-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay(LFIA)for colistin were developed based on a newly developed monoclonal antibody.The ELISA showed a 50%inhibition value(IC50)of 9.7 ng/m L with assay time less than 60 min,while the LFIA had a strip reader-based detection limit of 0.87 ng/m L in phosphate buffer with assay time less than 15 min.For reducing the non-specific adsorption of colistin onto sample vial,the components of sample extraction solution were optimized and proved to greatly improve the assay accuracy.The spiked recovery experiment showed that the recoveries of colistin from feed,milk and meat samples were in the range of 77.83%to 113.38%with coefficient of variations less than 13%by ELISA analysis and less than 18%by LFIA analysis,respectively.Furthermore,actual sample analysis indicated that the two immunoassays can produce results consistent with instrumental analysis.Conclusions:The developed assays can be used for rapid qualitative or quantitative detection of colistin in animal feed and food.
基金financial support received from the Program of the China National Health Commission and National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)under Grant No.CMR-20161129-1003(to JL)The National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant No.82072953(to LW)+2 种基金The Liaoning Province Excellent Talent Program Project under Grant No.XLYC1902031(to JL)Top young talents of Liaoning Provincial Government under Grant No.XLYC1907009(to LW)Dalian Outstanding Young Talents Project under Grant No.2021RJ12(to LW)。
文摘Extracellular vesicles(EVs)-based cell-free therapy,particularly stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(SC-EVs),offers new insights into treating a series of neurological disorders and becomes a promising candidate for alternative stem cell regenerative therapy.Currently,SC-EVs are considered direct therapeutic agents by themselves and/or dynamic delivery systems as they have a similar regenerative capacity of stem cells to promote neurogenesis and can easily load many functional small molecules to recipient cells in the central nervous system.Meanwhile,as non-living entities,SC-EVs avoid the uncontrollability and manufacturability limitations of live stem cell products in vivo(e.g.,low survival rate,immune response,and tumorigenicity)and in vitro(e.g.,restricted sources,complex preparation processes,poor quality control,low storage,shipping instability,and ethical controversy)by strict quality control system.Moreover,SC-EVs can be engineered or designed to enhance further overall yield,increase bioactivity,improve targeting,and extend their half-life.Here,this review provides an overview on the biological properties of SC-EVs,and the current progress in the strategies of native or bioengineered SC-EVs for nerve injury repairing is presented.Then we further summarize the challenges of recent research and perspectives for successful clinical application to advance SC-EVs from bench to bedside in neurological diseases.
基金This research was funded by the Scientific Research Start-Up Funds of Jilin Agricultural University(No.2021002).
文摘Juglans mandshurica is an economically and ecologically valuable species that is used for various construction purposes,making luxurious furniture,as food and sources of medicinal substances and landscaping because of its excellent wood,edible fruits and rich in various types of chemical compounds.In the past few decades,several genetic improvements of J.mandshurica were made,with a focus on the selection of improved varieties and on breeding technology.Many elite provenances and families were selected based on growth traits or wood properties.In recent years,with the increasing demand for high-quality seedlings in Chinese forestry production,the breeding goals of genetic improvement for J.mandshurica were redefined to include other traits,such as fruit yield and contents of medicinal component.However,the improvement processes were still slow due to the long breeding cycle and the limited use of advanced breeding technologies,resulting in the selection of fewer improved varieties.In this review,we summarized the research progresses on genetic improvements of J.mandshurica and other related works,and discussed research gaps and suggested future directions for genetic improvement of the species.The review provides valuable insight for the selection of improved varieties and production of excellent germplasms.
文摘Purpose: To explore the fever-related risk factors of inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, and to provide reference for patients with high risk of fever to take corresponding nursing measures. Methods: The study was conducted on the Rehabilitation Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from July 2019 to December 2019. The fever group included 51 patients and the non-fever group included 49 patients without fever. The two groups of clinical data, comorbidities, related laboratory values, possible risk factors of fever were analyzed by case regression analysis, and the relevant risk factors were screened out by LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression analysis. Results: According to the results of Lasso regression analysis, pressure sore or skin infection, history of hypertension, current history of respiratory tract infection, feeding patterns were the higher risk factors of fever in inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, while the first course of disease, main diagnosis, history of respiratory tract infection within half a year, kidney damage and hospitalization days were lower risk factors. Conclusion: This study is helpful to early identify the fever risk of inpatients in Rehabilitation Department, and provide reference basis for high-risk fever patients to take positive and effective nursing measures.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFB2000900。
文摘With the development and improvement of the hydraulic steering system,the articulated steering system became the research focus of numerous domestic and foreign scholars.The full hydraulic steering system with a compact structure and ease of operation,is widely used in articulated steering mode.Furthermore,its performance can directly impact the steering sensitivity and stability.This paper studies the working principle and actual structure of the priority valve and the steering control valve,which are very important.By setting up a mathematic model,the system’s load-sensing characteristics and the impact of steering control valve bypass throttle damping on steering stability can be analyzed.The Hydraulic Components Design(HCD)model was established for the hydraulic part of this system.It is proved that the model can reflect the system’s actual properties by comparing simulation and experimental results.The dynamic model is based on its actual prototype parameters by taking the tire and ground forces into account.The steering process’s dynamic characteristics are co-simulated in the 1D+3D system model by combining AMESim and Virtual.Lab Motion.The simulation results show that the system’s load-sensing characteristics ensure the sensitivity of the steering operation,and the bypass throttle damping has significantly improved the operation stability and lowered down the cylinder pressure fluctuations.This can improve the system performance by appropriate optimization.
文摘The target of the AIIB is to focus on supporting the infrastructure construction in Asia as well as to promote regional cooperation and partnership so that countries can jointly address the challenges during the developing process.As the first China-led multilateral international institution,AIIB is targeted for focusing on supporting the infrastructure construction
文摘Interactions of chloramine with organic nitrogen compounds during purification of water for drinking may generate carcinogenic N-nitrosodime-thylamine (NDMA) as byproduct, and it has been found that cationic amine-based water treatment polymers may be one of the important precursors of NDMA. We have analyzed experimentally the influence rule of NDMA formation during chlorination and disinfection, in order to provide technical support for reducing or even avoiding the formation of NDMA. The formation characteristics of nitrosamines during the chlorination of poly-diallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) have been studied during our experiments. The results show that the type of chlorinating agent is crucial for the generation of NDMA;if pH = 7, NDMA has the great potential formation;the NDMA potential formation increases with temperature. The yield of NDMA will be higher as the concentration of monochloramine is 1.5 to 2.5 times of the precursor;the variation of polymer with reaction time can explain the concentration of NDMA in terminal water of pipe network is higher than that in drinking water.
文摘Piper auritum Kunth,a member of the Piperacea family,is a small shrub native to the Central American tropics.This plant was traditionally used in Latin American countries for the treatment of various medical conditions.Increase in the recent studies of P.auritum’s chemical components leads to the isolation of monoterpenoids,sesquiterpenoids,phenylpropanoids and several other compounds.Previous research has revealed that these secondary metabolites have diverse pharmacological activities including antidiabetic,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-pathogeny microorganism and repellent activity.This review summarizes relevant findings on P.auritum,and hopes to contribute to the exploration of its potentials for further development as an alternative medicine.
文摘Based on field detected water quality data, the distribution characteristics of different forms of nitrogen in a reservoir as drinking water source in Dongguan, which locates at the Pearl River Delta of China, have been analyzed in order to provide theoretical bases for prevention and reduction of eutrophication. The analyzed results show that nitrogen forms in the influent area of the reservoir are given priority to ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, whose proportion is more than 45% respectively, and this is probably caused by the pollution of inflow water quality;but in the effluent area, the forms are given priority to nitrate nitrogen, whose proportion is as high as 96% and above;also the proportion of ammonia nitrogen drops by more than 80% during the process from the influent area to the effluent area, and this shows that the natural process of nitrification and denitrification can be well accomplished in the reservoir. We recommend here that to reduce the input amount of ammonia nitrogen and organic nitrogen into the reservoir is the most efficient way to prevent or mitigate eutrophication of water body.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB2007400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075317)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)(XDB07030200)of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Li-ion batteries(LIBs)have dominated energy-storage techniques for portable electronic devices and electric cars,and are expanding their territory into the large-scale energy storage.The energy storage of LIBs is realized by the reversible shuttle of lithium ions between electrodes.It is essential to track the lithium diffusion and obtain a profound insight into the lithiation mechanism during the work cycle of LIBs.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)is a powerful tool for the structural characterization,which can provide the information about the lithiation at the atomic scale.In this review,we summarize the research frontiers of TEM applications on LIBs.We introduce the techniques for the direct observation of Li species in LIB-related materials.Especially,the application of cryo-TEM is highlighted.Moreover,in-situ TEM technique is further discussed since it shows great advantages in studying the dynamical structure changes of LIBs.The perspectives and strategies in this review offer feasible guidance for researchers to further improve the performance of LIBs.
