We report a highly efficient three-dimensional degenerated Raman sideband cooling(3D dRSC)that enhances the loading of a magnetically levitated optical dipole trap,and observe the strong atom loss due to the three-bod...We report a highly efficient three-dimensional degenerated Raman sideband cooling(3D dRSC)that enhances the loading of a magnetically levitated optical dipole trap,and observe the strong atom loss due to the three-body recombination.The 3D dRSC is implemented to obtain 5×10^(7)Cs atoms with the temperature of~480 nK.The cold temperature enables 1.8×10^(7)atoms loaded into a crossed dipole trap with an optimized excessive levitation magnetic gradient.Compared to the loading of atoms from a bare magneto-optical trap or the gray-molasses cooling,there is a significant increase in the number of atoms loaded into the optical dipole trap.We derive for the three-body recombination coefficient of L_(3)=7.73×10^(-25)cm^(6)/s by analyzing the strong atom loss at a large scattering length of 1418 Bohr radius,and discover the transition from the strong three-body loss to the dominant one-body loss.Our result indicates that the lifetime of atoms in the optical dipole trap is finally decided by the one-body loss after the initial strong three-body loss.展开更多
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been found to be of prognostic significance for several types of malignant tumors.However,less is known about the association between FAR and survival outcomes in hepatoc...BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been found to be of prognostic significance for several types of malignant tumors.However,less is known about the association between FAR and survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients.AIM To explore the association between FAR and prognosis and survival in patients with HCC.METHODS A total of 366 histologically confirmed HCC patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2018 in a provincial cancer hospital in southwestern China were retrospectively selected.Relevant data were extracted from the hospital information system.The optimal cutoff for baseline serum FAR measured upon disease diagnosis was established using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the crude and adjusted associations between FAR and the overall survival(OS)of the HCC patients while controlling for various covariates.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)was applied to estimate the dose-response trend in the FAR-OS association.RESULTS The optimal cutoff value for baseline FAR determined by the ROC was 0.081.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that a lower baseline serum FAR level was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.43(95%confidence interval:1.87–3.15)in the OS of HCC patients,with identifiable dose-response trend in the RCS.Subgroup analysis showed that this FAR-OS association was more prominent in HCC patients with a lower baseline serum aspartate aminotransferase or carbohydrate antigen 125 level.CONCLUSION Serum FAR is a prominent prognostic indicator for HCC.Intervention measures aimed at reducing FAR might result in survival benefit for HCC patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI).Shuxin decoction(SXT)is a proven recipe modification from the classic herbal formula"Wu-tou-chi-shi-z...BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI).Shuxin decoction(SXT)is a proven recipe modification from the classic herbal formula"Wu-tou-chi-shi-zhi-wan"according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory.It has been successfully used to alleviate secondary MI/RI in patients with diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.AIM To further determine the mechanism of SXT in attenuating MI/RI associated with diabetes.METHODS This paper presents an ensemble model combining network pharmacology and biology.The Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database was accessed to select key components and potential targets of the SXT.In parallel,therapeutic targets associated with MI/RI in patients with diabetes were screened from various databases including Gene Expression Omnibus,DisGeNet,Genecards,Drugbank,OMIM,and PharmGKB.The potential targets of SXT and the therapeutic targets related to MI/RI in patients with diabetes were intersected and subjected to bioinformatics analysis using the Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.The major results of bioinformatics analysis were subsequently validated by animal experiments.RESULTS According to the hypothesis derived from bioinformatics analysis,SXT could possibly ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders and exert anti-apoptotic effects in MI/RI associated with diabetes by reducing oxidized low density lipoprotein(LDL)and inhibiting the advanced glycation end products(AGE)-receptor for AGE(RAGE)signaling pathway.Subsequent animal experiments confirmed the hypothesis.The treatment with a dose of SXT(2.8 g/kg/d)resulted in a reduction in oxidized LDL,AGEs,and RAGE,and regulated the level of blood lipids.Besides,the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax and cleaved caspase 3 was down-regulated,whereas Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated.The findings indicated that SXT could inhibit myocardial apoptosis and improve cardiac function in MI/RI in diabetic rats.CONCLUSION This study indicated the active components and underlying molecular therapeutic mechanisms of SXT in MI/RI with diabetes.Moreover,animal experiments verified that SXT could regulate the level of blood lipids,alleviate cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and improve cardiac function through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.展开更多
Insufficient observations near the origin of the Kuroshio have led to incomplete understanding of the intraseasonal variability(ISV)of the Kuroshio.Direct measurements of the Kuroshio velocity were performed with an a...Insufficient observations near the origin of the Kuroshio have led to incomplete understanding of the intraseasonal variability(ISV)of the Kuroshio.Direct measurements of the Kuroshio velocity were performed with an array of three profiler moorings(122.7°E,123°E,and 123.3°E)along 18°N from January 2018 to February 2020.The ISV of the Kuroshio at 18°N was investigated based on a combination of mooring observations and global high-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model reanalysis data.The estimated time-averaged transport in the upper 350 m across the observation transect was 6.5±2.6 Sv(1.0 Sv=10^(6)m^(3)/s).Two significant ISV peaks at 50-60 and~100 d were recognized in the power spectra of the meridional velocity and transport.Further analysis indicated that the ISV at 50-60 d was caused by westward-propagating eddies at average propagation speed of~13 cm/s and wavelength of~635 km.Another ISV peak at~100 d was mainly caused by northward-propagating eddies generated in the North Equatorial Current region.Further investigation indicated that the ISV of the Kuroshio at 18°N is dominated by meridional transport,rather than by the zonal migration of the Kuroshio main axis.Our findings provide a better understanding of the ISV of the Kuroshio east of Luzon Island.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the implication of the hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1α mRNA in gastric carcinoma and its relation to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein, tumor angiogenesis invasio...AIM: To investigate the implication of the hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1α mRNA in gastric carcinoma and its relation to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein, tumor angiogenesis invasion/metastasis and the patient's survival. METHODS: In situ hybridization was used to examine expression of HIF-1α mRNA, and immunohistochemical staining was used to examine expression of VEGF protein and CD34 in 118 specimens from patients with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: The positive rates of HIF-1α mRNA and VEGF protein were 49.15% and 55.92%, respectively. Positive expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in stage T3-T4 tumors and those with vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were dramatically stronger than stage T1-T2 cases and those without vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. The mean microvascular density (MVD) in stage T3-T4 tumors and those with vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was significantly higher than stage T1-T2 tumors and those without vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. The mean MVD in tumors with positive HIF-1α and VEGF expression was significantly higher than that in tumors with negative HIF-1α and VEGF expression. The expression of HIF- 1α was positively correlated with VEGF protein. There were positive correlations between MVD and expressionof HIF-1α and VEGF. The mean survival time and the 5-year survival rate in cases with positive expression HIF-1α and VEGF and MVD value ≥ 41.5/0.72 mm2 were significantly lower than those with negative expression of HIF-1α and VEGF and MVD value < 41.5/0.72 mm2. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of HIF-1α is found in gastric carcinoma. HIF-1α may induce the angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma by upregulating the transcription of VEGF gene, and take part in tumor invasion and metastasis. They can be used as prognostic markers of gastric cancer in clinical practice.展开更多
Background Recent clinical and experimental studies have confirmed the effects of Xinfuli Granule （XG）, a compound Chinesemedicine in the prevention and treatment of heart failure （HF）. This study aimed to investi...Background Recent clinical and experimental studies have confirmed the effects of Xinfuli Granule （XG）, a compound Chinesemedicine in the prevention and treatment of heart failure （HF）. This study aimed to investigate the effects and the mechanisms of XG onventricular reconstruction in rats with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anteriordescending branch ligation. The rats that survived 24 h were randomly assigned to five groups： medium-dose of XG group （MI＋XGM）,high-dose of XG group （MI＋XGH）, carvedilol group （MI＋C）, medium-dose of XG ＋ carvedilol group （MI＋C＋XGM）. Fourteen rats under-went identical surgical procedures without artery ligation, serving as sham controls. At 28 days, left ventricular weight to body weight（LVW/BW） and heart weight to body weight （HW/BW） were calculated; left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）, left ventricular shorteningfraction （LVFS）, left ventricular internal diameter at systole （LVIDS） were measured by ultrasound; HE staining, Masson staining, and Siriusred staining were used to assess the myocardial pathological and physiological changes as well as myocardial fibrosis area and non-infarctzone Ⅰ/Ⅲ collagen ratio. Expression of Smad3 were detected and analyzed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescenceP-Smad3, Smad2 and Smad7 in the TGF-13/Smads signaling pathway were also analyzed by Western blot. Results The LVIDS （P 〈 0.01）,HW/BW （P 〈 0.05）, type UIII collagen ratio （P 〈 0.01） and myocardial collagen （P 〈 0.01） decreased significantly while the LVW/BW,LVFS （P 〈 0.05） increased significantly in MI＋XGM group as compared with those in other groups. The expression of key signal moleculesof the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, including Smad3, P-Smad3 and Smad2 protein were decreased, while the expression of Smad7 in-creased in both XG and carvedilol treatment groups as compared to those of the MI group （all P 〈 0.01）. Immunohistochemistry and im-munofluorescence further confirmed the down-regulated Smad3 expression. Conclusion XG can improve ventricular reconstruction andinhibit myocardial fibrosis in rats with AMI by regulating TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway.展开更多
AIM to evaluate the association of body mass index(b MI) with the overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis of PDAC patients diagnosed in the National Cancer ...AIM to evaluate the association of body mass index(b MI) with the overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis of PDAC patients diagnosed in the National Cancer Center of China between January 1999 and December 2014 was performed. these patients were categorized into four b MI groups(< 18.5, 18.5-22.9, 23-27.4 and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2). χ2 tests for comparison of the proportions of categorical variables, and Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables were employed. Survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meyer method. their HRs of mortality and 95%CIs were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS With a median age of 59.6 years(range: 22.5-84.6 years), in total 1783 PDAC patients were enrolled in this study. their mean usual b MI was 24.19 ± 3.53 for the whole cohort. More than half of the patients(59.3%) experienced weight loss during the disease onset and progression. Compared with healthy-weight individuals, newly diagnosed patients who were overweight or obese had more severe weight loss during their disease onset and progression(P < 0.001). Individuals who were overweight or obese were associated with positive smoking history(P < 0.001). A significant difference in comorbidity of diabetes(P = 0.044) and coronary artery disease(P < 0.001) was identified between high b MI and normal-weight patients. After a median follow-up of 8 mo, the survival analysis showed no association between b MI and the overall survival(P = 0.90, n = 1783). When we stratified the whole cohort by pancreatic cancer stage, no statistically significant association between b MI and overall survival was found for resectable(P = 0.99, n = 217), unresectable locally advanced(P = 0.90, n = 316) and metastatic patients(P = 0.88, n = 1250), respectively. the results did not change when we used the b MI at diagnosis.CONCLUSION Our results showed no significance of b MI for the overall survival of PDAC patients.展开更多
Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical...Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical positioning of functional data.The methods that work on the cortical surface may be more sensitive than those using the full brain volume and thus be more suitable for map plasticity study.In this prospective cross-sectional study performed in Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China,20 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(12 males and 8 females,aged 56.80±13.60 years)and 20 healthy controls(9 males and 11 females,aged 54.56±10.23 years)were included in this study.Data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected.The results revealed that compared with healthy controls,compared with the healthy controls,patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)showed significantly increased surface-based regional homogeneity(Re Ho)in areas distributed mainly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,frontal eye field,right frontal eye field,and the premotor cortex and decreased surface-based Re Ho in the right primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex.Regions showing significant differences in surfacebased Re Ho values between the healthy controls and patients with ONFH were defined as the regions of interests.Seed-based functional connectivity was performed to investigate interregional functional synchronization.When the areas with decreased surface-based Re Ho in the frontal eye field and right premotor cortex were used as the regions of interest,compared with the healthy controls,the patients with ONFH displayed increased functional connectivity in the right middle frontal cortex and right inferior parietal cortex and decreased functional connectivity in the right precentral cortex and right middle occipital cortex.Compared with healthy controls,patients with ONFH showed significantly decreased cortical thickness in the para-insular area,posterior insular area,anterior superior temporal area,frontal eye field and supplementary motor cortex and reduced volume of subcortical gray matter nuclei in the right nucleus accumbens.These findings suggest that hip disorder patients showed cortical plasticity changes,mainly in sensorimotor-and pain-related regions.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(approval No.2018-041)on August 1,2018.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic disease,which may cause various complications.Patients with diabetes are at high risk of bone and joint disorders,such as osteoporosis and bone fractures.In addition,it became widely a...BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic disease,which may cause various complications.Patients with diabetes are at high risk of bone and joint disorders,such as osteoporosis and bone fractures.In addition,it became widely accepted that diabetes has an important impact on bone metabolism.Metformin is a commonly used and effective first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes.Some glucose-lowering agents have been found to have an effect on bone metabolism.The present study explored if different doses of metformin have an effect on bone mineral density(BMD)and bone metabolism in type 2 diabetes.AIM To investigate the effects of different doses of metformin on BMD and bone metabolism in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS A total of 120 elderly male outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted to our hospital were included in the study from July 2018 to June 2019.They were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group with 60 patients in each group.Patients in the experimental group were given high dose metformin four times a day 0.5 g each time for 12 wk.Patients in the control group were given low dose metformin orally twice a day 0.5 g each time for 12 wk.The changes in bone mineral density and bone metabolism before and after treatment and the efficacy rate of the treatment were compared between the two groups.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Before the treatment,there was no significant difference in BMD and bone metabolism between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after the treatment,BMD and bone metabolism were improved in the two groups.Moreover,BMD and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group,and N-terminal/midregion andβ-isomerized Cterminal telopeptides were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Both high and low dose metformin can effectively control the blood glucose levels in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,the benefits of high dose metformin in improving BMD and bone metabolism level was more obvious in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Objective: Extranodal involvement represents a peculiar presentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL). Previous studies have suggested that older patients are more prone to extranodal involvement. This study re...Objective: Extranodal involvement represents a peculiar presentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL). Previous studies have suggested that older patients are more prone to extranodal involvement. This study retrospectively addressed the distribution, prognostic value and treatment options of extranodal involvement in young patients with DLBCL.Methods: A total of 329 patients were enrolled according to the inclusion requirements. The effects of gender,extranodal involvement, age-adjusted international prognostic index(aa IPI), rituximab infusion and radiotherapy on patient outcomes were evaluated.Results: Among these patients, 59% presented extranodal involvement in 16 anatomic sites. More than one instance was linked to many poorer clinical characteristics and poorer survival compared with either nodal disease or one instance. In patients with one extranodal lesion, multivariate analysis revealed that the site of extranodal involvement, but not the aa IPI or rituximab infusion, was independently related to the outcome, and radiotherapy had a negative influence on survival.Conclusions: Extranodal involvement is common in younger patients and exhibits a ubiquitous distribution.The site of extranodal involvement is of strong prognostic significance. Radiotherapy for extranodal lesions does not improve patient outcomes.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a highly heterogeneous,invasive,and conventional chemotherapy-insensitive tumor with unique biological characteristics.The main methods for the radical treatment of HCC are surgical res...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a highly heterogeneous,invasive,and conventional chemotherapy-insensitive tumor with unique biological characteristics.The main methods for the radical treatment of HCC are surgical resection or liver transplantation.However,recurrence rates are as high as 50%and 70%at 3 and 5 years after liver resection,respectively,and even in Milan-eligible recipients,the recurrence rate is approximately 20%at 5 years after liver transplantation.Therefore,reducing the postoperative recurrence rate is key to improving the overall outcome of liver cancer.This review discusses the risk factors for recurrence in patients with HCC radical surgical resection and adjuvant treatment options that may reduce the risk of recurrence and improve overall survival,including local adjuvant therapy(e.g.,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization),adjuvant systemic therapy(e.g.,molecular targeted agents and immunotherapy),and other adjuvant therapies(e.g.,antiviral and herbal therapy).Finally,potential research directions that may change the paradigm of adjuvant therapy for HCC are analyzed.展开更多
We study the influence of external magnetic field on the shift of the resonant frequency in the photoassociation of ultracold Cs atoms, which are captured in a magnetically levitated optical crossed dipole trap. With ...We study the influence of external magnetic field on the shift of the resonant frequency in the photoassociation of ultracold Cs atoms, which are captured in a magnetically levitated optical crossed dipole trap. With the increase of the photoassociation laser intensity, the linear variation of the frequency shift is measured by recording the photoassociation spectra of the long-range 0_u^+ state of Cs molecule below the 6S_(1/2)+ 6P_(1/2) dissociation limit at different magnetic fields.The slope of the frequency shift to the intensity of the photoassociation laser exhibits a strong dependence on the external magnetic field. The experimental data is simulated with an analytic theory model, in which a single channel rectangular potential with the tunable well depth is introduced to acquire the influence of the magnetic field on the atomic behavior in the effective range where photoassociation occurs.展开更多
Atmospheric pressure cold plasma, with advantages such as high particle activity, no thermal damage, high efficiency and direct and friendly contact with human tissues, is considered to have great potential in biomedi...Atmospheric pressure cold plasma, with advantages such as high particle activity, no thermal damage, high efficiency and direct and friendly contact with human tissues, is considered to have great potential in biomedical applications. Therefore, 'plasma medicine' as a new interdiscipline has been developed in the past two decades. This review first briefly describes the development of typical plasma sources suitable for biomedical applications, and those with different discharge forms are simply compared, evaluated and summarized. Subsequently, measurement of the crucial gaseous reactive particles(e.g. OH and O) and their spatio-temporal distributions are introduced. Meanwhile, the generation and variation rules and the related critical macroscopic parameters of the plasma-induced aqueous reactive species are summarized. Finally, related studies in the last ten years on the mechanisms of the plasma-driven microbial inactivation and plasma-induced apoptosis of cancer cells are introduced. Moreover, some scientific problems that need to be urgently solved in the field of plasma medicine are also discussed. This review will provide useful guidance for future related research.展开更多
Whether endogenous neurogenesis occurs in the adult cortex remains controversial.An increasing number of reports suggest that doublecortin(DCX)-positive neurogenesis persists in the adult primate cortex,attracting eno...Whether endogenous neurogenesis occurs in the adult cortex remains controversial.An increasing number of reports suggest that doublecortin(DCX)-positive neurogenesis persists in the adult primate cortex,attracting enormous attention worldwide.In this study,different DCX antibodies were used together with NeuN antibodies in immunohistochemistry and western blot assays using adjacent cortical sections from adult monkeys.Antibody adsorption,antigen binding,primary antibody omission and antibody-free experiments were used to assess specificity of the signals.We found either strong fluorescent signals,medium-weak intensity signals in some cells,weak signals in a few perikarya or near complete lack of labeling in adjacent cortical sections incubated with the various DCX antibodies.The putative DCX-positive cells in the cortex were also positive for NeuN,a specific marker of mature neurons.However,further experiments showed that most of these signals were either the result of antibody cross reactivity,the non-specificity of secondary antibodies or tissue autofluorescence.No confirmed DCX-positive cells were detected in the adult macaque cortex by immunofluorescence.Our findings show that DCX-positive neurogenesis does not occur in the cerebral cortex of adult primates,and that false-positive signals(artefacts)are caused by antibody cross reactivity and autofluorescence.The experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Neuroscience,Beijing,China(approval No.IACUC-AMMS-2014-501).展开更多
Nano-sized caiboxylales Na_2C_7H_3NO_4 and Na_2C_6H_2N_2O_4 were prepared and investigated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.Both carboxylates exhibit high reversible capacities around 190 mAh/g above a cut...Nano-sized caiboxylales Na_2C_7H_3NO_4 and Na_2C_6H_2N_2O_4 were prepared and investigated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.Both carboxylates exhibit high reversible capacities around 190 mAh/g above a cut-off voltage of 0.8 V vs.Li+/Li.potentially improving the safety of the batteries.In addition,good rate performance and long cycle life of these carboxylates make them promising candidates as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Objective:Metastasis is one of the key causes of high mortality in lung cancer.Aberrant DNA methylation is a common event in metastatic lung cancer.We aimed to identify new epigenetic regulation of metastasis-associat...Objective:Metastasis is one of the key causes of high mortality in lung cancer.Aberrant DNA methylation is a common event in metastatic lung cancer.We aimed to identify new epigenetic regulation of metastasis-associated genes and characterize their effects on lung cancer progression.Methods:We screened genes associated with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)metastasis by integrating datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.We obtained epigenetic-regulated candidate genes by analyzing the expression profile of demethylation genes.By overlapping analysis,epigenetically modulated metastasis-associated genes were obtained.Kaplan-Meier plotter(KM plotter)was utilized to assess the overall survival(OS)of stomatin in lung cancer.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was conducted to determine the association between stomatin and metastasis-associated clinical indicators.Both in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the potential role of stomatin in metastasis.The regulation mechanisms of transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1)on stomatin were determined by Sequenom MassARRAY quantitative methylation and western blot assays.Results:A series of bioinformatic analyses revealed stomatin as the metastasis-associated gene regulated by DNA methylation.The KM plotter analysis showed a positive association between stomatin and the OS of lung cancer.IHC analysis indicated that the decreased stomatin expression is linked with advanced TNM stage.Loss-and gainof-function experiments displayed that stomatin could inhibit the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells.Furthermore,TGFβ1 repressed stomatin expression during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).The negative correlation between stomatin and TGFβ1 was also validated in advanced stage III lung tumor samples.The underlying mechanism by which TGFβ1 inhibits stomatin is due in part to DNA methylation.Conclusions:Our results suggest that stomatin may be a target for epigenetic regulation and can be used to prevent metastatic diseases.展开更多
We report an effective method for enhancing the photoassociation of ultracold atoms using a non-resonant magnetic field,which enables the manipulation of the coupling between the wavefunctions of the colliding atomic ...We report an effective method for enhancing the photoassociation of ultracold atoms using a non-resonant magnetic field,which enables the manipulation of the coupling between the wavefunctions of the colliding atomic pairs and the excited molecules.A series of photoassociation spectra are measured for different magnetic fields.We show that the photoassociation rate is significantly dependent on the non-resonant magnetic field.A qualitatively theoretical explanation is provided,and shows a good agreement with the experimental result.展开更多
We develop a research of spin currents in a^(23)Na spinor Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)by applying a magnetic field gradient.The spin current is successfully induced by the spin-dependent force arising from the magne...We develop a research of spin currents in a^(23)Na spinor Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)by applying a magnetic field gradient.The spin current is successfully induced by the spin-dependent force arising from the magnetic field gradient.The dynamics of the spin components under the magnetic force is investigated.The study is promising to be extended to produce a longer spin-coherence and to enhance the sensitivity of the spin-mixing interferometry in a spinor BEC.展开更多
During the period of social transformation in modern China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modern Western medical system promoted the profound...During the period of social transformation in modern China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modern Western medical system promoted the profound self‑revolution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Multiple factors,including politics,economy or religion contributed to the formulation of paper-based“TCM proclamation”.This paper,based on the prevention and control of cholera advocated in TCM proclamation,analyzes the new ways of cholera spread in China in early modern times and the complicated“country‑region‑medical institutions‑other institutions‑individuals”correlations.展开更多
During the period of social transformation in modem China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modem Western medical system promoted the profoimd s...During the period of social transformation in modem China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modem Western medical system promoted the profoimd self-revolution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Multiple factors,including politics,economy or religion contributed to the formulation of paper-based“TCM proclamation”.This paper,based on the prevention and control of cholera advocated in TCM proclamation,analyzes the new ways of cholera spread in China in early modem times and the complicated“country-region-medical instilulions-other institutions-individuals”correlations.展开更多
基金Project funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1404201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62020106014,92165106,62175140,12074234,and 11974331)the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province,China(Grant No.202203021224001)。
文摘We report a highly efficient three-dimensional degenerated Raman sideband cooling(3D dRSC)that enhances the loading of a magnetically levitated optical dipole trap,and observe the strong atom loss due to the three-body recombination.The 3D dRSC is implemented to obtain 5×10^(7)Cs atoms with the temperature of~480 nK.The cold temperature enables 1.8×10^(7)atoms loaded into a crossed dipole trap with an optimized excessive levitation magnetic gradient.Compared to the loading of atoms from a bare magneto-optical trap or the gray-molasses cooling,there is a significant increase in the number of atoms loaded into the optical dipole trap.We derive for the three-body recombination coefficient of L_(3)=7.73×10^(-25)cm^(6)/s by analyzing the strong atom loss at a large scattering length of 1418 Bohr radius,and discover the transition from the strong three-body loss to the dominant one-body loss.Our result indicates that the lifetime of atoms in the optical dipole trap is finally decided by the one-body loss after the initial strong three-body loss.
文摘BACKGROUND Fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been found to be of prognostic significance for several types of malignant tumors.However,less is known about the association between FAR and survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients.AIM To explore the association between FAR and prognosis and survival in patients with HCC.METHODS A total of 366 histologically confirmed HCC patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2018 in a provincial cancer hospital in southwestern China were retrospectively selected.Relevant data were extracted from the hospital information system.The optimal cutoff for baseline serum FAR measured upon disease diagnosis was established using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the crude and adjusted associations between FAR and the overall survival(OS)of the HCC patients while controlling for various covariates.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)was applied to estimate the dose-response trend in the FAR-OS association.RESULTS The optimal cutoff value for baseline FAR determined by the ROC was 0.081.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that a lower baseline serum FAR level was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.43(95%confidence interval:1.87–3.15)in the OS of HCC patients,with identifiable dose-response trend in the RCS.Subgroup analysis showed that this FAR-OS association was more prominent in HCC patients with a lower baseline serum aspartate aminotransferase or carbohydrate antigen 125 level.CONCLUSION Serum FAR is a prominent prognostic indicator for HCC.Intervention measures aimed at reducing FAR might result in survival benefit for HCC patients.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,No.2022NSFSC0738Basic Research Funds for Central Universities,No.2682022ZTPY038Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Planning Project,No.XZ2022RH001.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI).Shuxin decoction(SXT)is a proven recipe modification from the classic herbal formula"Wu-tou-chi-shi-zhi-wan"according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory.It has been successfully used to alleviate secondary MI/RI in patients with diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.AIM To further determine the mechanism of SXT in attenuating MI/RI associated with diabetes.METHODS This paper presents an ensemble model combining network pharmacology and biology.The Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database was accessed to select key components and potential targets of the SXT.In parallel,therapeutic targets associated with MI/RI in patients with diabetes were screened from various databases including Gene Expression Omnibus,DisGeNet,Genecards,Drugbank,OMIM,and PharmGKB.The potential targets of SXT and the therapeutic targets related to MI/RI in patients with diabetes were intersected and subjected to bioinformatics analysis using the Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.The major results of bioinformatics analysis were subsequently validated by animal experiments.RESULTS According to the hypothesis derived from bioinformatics analysis,SXT could possibly ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders and exert anti-apoptotic effects in MI/RI associated with diabetes by reducing oxidized low density lipoprotein(LDL)and inhibiting the advanced glycation end products(AGE)-receptor for AGE(RAGE)signaling pathway.Subsequent animal experiments confirmed the hypothesis.The treatment with a dose of SXT(2.8 g/kg/d)resulted in a reduction in oxidized LDL,AGEs,and RAGE,and regulated the level of blood lipids.Besides,the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax and cleaved caspase 3 was down-regulated,whereas Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated.The findings indicated that SXT could inhibit myocardial apoptosis and improve cardiac function in MI/RI in diabetic rats.CONCLUSION This study indicated the active components and underlying molecular therapeutic mechanisms of SXT in MI/RI with diabetes.Moreover,animal experiments verified that SXT could regulate the level of blood lipids,alleviate cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and improve cardiac function through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41976011,42022040)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB42010102)+1 种基金the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2020JQ18)Shijian HU is a member of the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(No.JCTD2020-12)。
文摘Insufficient observations near the origin of the Kuroshio have led to incomplete understanding of the intraseasonal variability(ISV)of the Kuroshio.Direct measurements of the Kuroshio velocity were performed with an array of three profiler moorings(122.7°E,123°E,and 123.3°E)along 18°N from January 2018 to February 2020.The ISV of the Kuroshio at 18°N was investigated based on a combination of mooring observations and global high-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model reanalysis data.The estimated time-averaged transport in the upper 350 m across the observation transect was 6.5±2.6 Sv(1.0 Sv=10^(6)m^(3)/s).Two significant ISV peaks at 50-60 and~100 d were recognized in the power spectra of the meridional velocity and transport.Further analysis indicated that the ISV at 50-60 d was caused by westward-propagating eddies at average propagation speed of~13 cm/s and wavelength of~635 km.Another ISV peak at~100 d was mainly caused by northward-propagating eddies generated in the North Equatorial Current region.Further investigation indicated that the ISV of the Kuroshio at 18°N is dominated by meridional transport,rather than by the zonal migration of the Kuroshio main axis.Our findings provide a better understanding of the ISV of the Kuroshio east of Luzon Island.
基金grant from Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation, No. M303843
文摘AIM: To investigate the implication of the hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1α mRNA in gastric carcinoma and its relation to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein, tumor angiogenesis invasion/metastasis and the patient's survival. METHODS: In situ hybridization was used to examine expression of HIF-1α mRNA, and immunohistochemical staining was used to examine expression of VEGF protein and CD34 in 118 specimens from patients with gastric carcinoma. RESULTS: The positive rates of HIF-1α mRNA and VEGF protein were 49.15% and 55.92%, respectively. Positive expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in stage T3-T4 tumors and those with vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were dramatically stronger than stage T1-T2 cases and those without vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. The mean microvascular density (MVD) in stage T3-T4 tumors and those with vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was significantly higher than stage T1-T2 tumors and those without vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. The mean MVD in tumors with positive HIF-1α and VEGF expression was significantly higher than that in tumors with negative HIF-1α and VEGF expression. The expression of HIF- 1α was positively correlated with VEGF protein. There were positive correlations between MVD and expressionof HIF-1α and VEGF. The mean survival time and the 5-year survival rate in cases with positive expression HIF-1α and VEGF and MVD value ≥ 41.5/0.72 mm2 were significantly lower than those with negative expression of HIF-1α and VEGF and MVD value < 41.5/0.72 mm2. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of HIF-1α is found in gastric carcinoma. HIF-1α may induce the angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma by upregulating the transcription of VEGF gene, and take part in tumor invasion and metastasis. They can be used as prognostic markers of gastric cancer in clinical practice.
文摘Background Recent clinical and experimental studies have confirmed the effects of Xinfuli Granule （XG）, a compound Chinesemedicine in the prevention and treatment of heart failure （HF）. This study aimed to investigate the effects and the mechanisms of XG onventricular reconstruction in rats with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anteriordescending branch ligation. The rats that survived 24 h were randomly assigned to five groups： medium-dose of XG group （MI＋XGM）,high-dose of XG group （MI＋XGH）, carvedilol group （MI＋C）, medium-dose of XG ＋ carvedilol group （MI＋C＋XGM）. Fourteen rats under-went identical surgical procedures without artery ligation, serving as sham controls. At 28 days, left ventricular weight to body weight（LVW/BW） and heart weight to body weight （HW/BW） were calculated; left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）, left ventricular shorteningfraction （LVFS）, left ventricular internal diameter at systole （LVIDS） were measured by ultrasound; HE staining, Masson staining, and Siriusred staining were used to assess the myocardial pathological and physiological changes as well as myocardial fibrosis area and non-infarctzone Ⅰ/Ⅲ collagen ratio. Expression of Smad3 were detected and analyzed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescenceP-Smad3, Smad2 and Smad7 in the TGF-13/Smads signaling pathway were also analyzed by Western blot. Results The LVIDS （P 〈 0.01）,HW/BW （P 〈 0.05）, type UIII collagen ratio （P 〈 0.01） and myocardial collagen （P 〈 0.01） decreased significantly while the LVW/BW,LVFS （P 〈 0.05） increased significantly in MI＋XGM group as compared with those in other groups. The expression of key signal moleculesof the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, including Smad3, P-Smad3 and Smad2 protein were decreased, while the expression of Smad7 in-creased in both XG and carvedilol treatment groups as compared to those of the MI group （all P 〈 0.01）. Immunohistochemistry and im-munofluorescence further confirmed the down-regulated Smad3 expression. Conclusion XG can improve ventricular reconstruction andinhibit myocardial fibrosis in rats with AMI by regulating TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81401947Beijing Nova Program,No.xxjh2015A090Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,No.LC2015L11
文摘AIM to evaluate the association of body mass index(b MI) with the overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis of PDAC patients diagnosed in the National Cancer Center of China between January 1999 and December 2014 was performed. these patients were categorized into four b MI groups(< 18.5, 18.5-22.9, 23-27.4 and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2). χ2 tests for comparison of the proportions of categorical variables, and Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables were employed. Survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meyer method. their HRs of mortality and 95%CIs were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS With a median age of 59.6 years(range: 22.5-84.6 years), in total 1783 PDAC patients were enrolled in this study. their mean usual b MI was 24.19 ± 3.53 for the whole cohort. More than half of the patients(59.3%) experienced weight loss during the disease onset and progression. Compared with healthy-weight individuals, newly diagnosed patients who were overweight or obese had more severe weight loss during their disease onset and progression(P < 0.001). Individuals who were overweight or obese were associated with positive smoking history(P < 0.001). A significant difference in comorbidity of diabetes(P = 0.044) and coronary artery disease(P < 0.001) was identified between high b MI and normal-weight patients. After a median follow-up of 8 mo, the survival analysis showed no association between b MI and the overall survival(P = 0.90, n = 1783). When we stratified the whole cohort by pancreatic cancer stage, no statistically significant association between b MI and overall survival was found for resectable(P = 0.99, n = 217), unresectable locally advanced(P = 0.90, n = 316) and metastatic patients(P = 0.88, n = 1250), respectively. the results did not change when we used the b MI at diagnosis.CONCLUSION Our results showed no significance of b MI for the overall survival of PDAC patients.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC2001600(to JGX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81802249(to XYH),81871836(to MXZ)+4 种基金a grant from Shanghai Science and Technology Committee of China,Nos.18511108300(to JGX),18441903903900(to XYH),18441903800(to MXZ)Three-Year Action Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine Development from Shanghai Municipal Health Commission of China,No.ZY(2018-2020)-ZWB-1001-CPJS49(to BL)ZY(2018-2020)-RCPY-3007(to JM)Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Improvement Project from Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning of China,No.Zyjx-2017006(to BL)Special Project of Postgraduate Innovation Training of China,No.A1-GY20-204-0107(to JM)。
文摘Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical positioning of functional data.The methods that work on the cortical surface may be more sensitive than those using the full brain volume and thus be more suitable for map plasticity study.In this prospective cross-sectional study performed in Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China,20 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(12 males and 8 females,aged 56.80±13.60 years)and 20 healthy controls(9 males and 11 females,aged 54.56±10.23 years)were included in this study.Data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected.The results revealed that compared with healthy controls,compared with the healthy controls,patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)showed significantly increased surface-based regional homogeneity(Re Ho)in areas distributed mainly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,frontal eye field,right frontal eye field,and the premotor cortex and decreased surface-based Re Ho in the right primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex.Regions showing significant differences in surfacebased Re Ho values between the healthy controls and patients with ONFH were defined as the regions of interests.Seed-based functional connectivity was performed to investigate interregional functional synchronization.When the areas with decreased surface-based Re Ho in the frontal eye field and right premotor cortex were used as the regions of interest,compared with the healthy controls,the patients with ONFH displayed increased functional connectivity in the right middle frontal cortex and right inferior parietal cortex and decreased functional connectivity in the right precentral cortex and right middle occipital cortex.Compared with healthy controls,patients with ONFH showed significantly decreased cortical thickness in the para-insular area,posterior insular area,anterior superior temporal area,frontal eye field and supplementary motor cortex and reduced volume of subcortical gray matter nuclei in the right nucleus accumbens.These findings suggest that hip disorder patients showed cortical plasticity changes,mainly in sensorimotor-and pain-related regions.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(approval No.2018-041)on August 1,2018.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic disease,which may cause various complications.Patients with diabetes are at high risk of bone and joint disorders,such as osteoporosis and bone fractures.In addition,it became widely accepted that diabetes has an important impact on bone metabolism.Metformin is a commonly used and effective first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes.Some glucose-lowering agents have been found to have an effect on bone metabolism.The present study explored if different doses of metformin have an effect on bone mineral density(BMD)and bone metabolism in type 2 diabetes.AIM To investigate the effects of different doses of metformin on BMD and bone metabolism in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS A total of 120 elderly male outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted to our hospital were included in the study from July 2018 to June 2019.They were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group with 60 patients in each group.Patients in the experimental group were given high dose metformin four times a day 0.5 g each time for 12 wk.Patients in the control group were given low dose metformin orally twice a day 0.5 g each time for 12 wk.The changes in bone mineral density and bone metabolism before and after treatment and the efficacy rate of the treatment were compared between the two groups.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Before the treatment,there was no significant difference in BMD and bone metabolism between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after the treatment,BMD and bone metabolism were improved in the two groups.Moreover,BMD and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group,and N-terminal/midregion andβ-isomerized Cterminal telopeptides were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Both high and low dose metformin can effectively control the blood glucose levels in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,the benefits of high dose metformin in improving BMD and bone metabolism level was more obvious in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 81071938, 81470365)
文摘Objective: Extranodal involvement represents a peculiar presentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL). Previous studies have suggested that older patients are more prone to extranodal involvement. This study retrospectively addressed the distribution, prognostic value and treatment options of extranodal involvement in young patients with DLBCL.Methods: A total of 329 patients were enrolled according to the inclusion requirements. The effects of gender,extranodal involvement, age-adjusted international prognostic index(aa IPI), rituximab infusion and radiotherapy on patient outcomes were evaluated.Results: Among these patients, 59% presented extranodal involvement in 16 anatomic sites. More than one instance was linked to many poorer clinical characteristics and poorer survival compared with either nodal disease or one instance. In patients with one extranodal lesion, multivariate analysis revealed that the site of extranodal involvement, but not the aa IPI or rituximab infusion, was independently related to the outcome, and radiotherapy had a negative influence on survival.Conclusions: Extranodal involvement is common in younger patients and exhibits a ubiquitous distribution.The site of extranodal involvement is of strong prognostic significance. Radiotherapy for extranodal lesions does not improve patient outcomes.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a highly heterogeneous,invasive,and conventional chemotherapy-insensitive tumor with unique biological characteristics.The main methods for the radical treatment of HCC are surgical resection or liver transplantation.However,recurrence rates are as high as 50%and 70%at 3 and 5 years after liver resection,respectively,and even in Milan-eligible recipients,the recurrence rate is approximately 20%at 5 years after liver transplantation.Therefore,reducing the postoperative recurrence rate is key to improving the overall outcome of liver cancer.This review discusses the risk factors for recurrence in patients with HCC radical surgical resection and adjuvant treatment options that may reduce the risk of recurrence and improve overall survival,including local adjuvant therapy(e.g.,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization),adjuvant systemic therapy(e.g.,molecular targeted agents and immunotherapy),and other adjuvant therapies(e.g.,antiviral and herbal therapy).Finally,potential research directions that may change the paradigm of adjuvant therapy for HCC are analyzed.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304203)the Chang Jiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in the University of the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.IRT13076)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61722507,61675121,61705123,and 11434007)the Fund for Shanxi 1331 Project Key Subjects Construction,Chinathe Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province,China(Grant No.201701D221002)
文摘We study the influence of external magnetic field on the shift of the resonant frequency in the photoassociation of ultracold Cs atoms, which are captured in a magnetically levitated optical crossed dipole trap. With the increase of the photoassociation laser intensity, the linear variation of the frequency shift is measured by recording the photoassociation spectra of the long-range 0_u^+ state of Cs molecule below the 6S_(1/2)+ 6P_(1/2) dissociation limit at different magnetic fields.The slope of the frequency shift to the intensity of the photoassociation laser exhibits a strong dependence on the external magnetic field. The experimental data is simulated with an analytic theory model, in which a single channel rectangular potential with the tunable well depth is introduced to acquire the influence of the magnetic field on the atomic behavior in the effective range where photoassociation occurs.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51777206, 51807046 and 51877208)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (Grant Nos. 1908085MA29 and 1808085MA13)。
文摘Atmospheric pressure cold plasma, with advantages such as high particle activity, no thermal damage, high efficiency and direct and friendly contact with human tissues, is considered to have great potential in biomedical applications. Therefore, 'plasma medicine' as a new interdiscipline has been developed in the past two decades. This review first briefly describes the development of typical plasma sources suitable for biomedical applications, and those with different discharge forms are simply compared, evaluated and summarized. Subsequently, measurement of the crucial gaseous reactive particles(e.g. OH and O) and their spatio-temporal distributions are introduced. Meanwhile, the generation and variation rules and the related critical macroscopic parameters of the plasma-induced aqueous reactive species are summarized. Finally, related studies in the last ten years on the mechanisms of the plasma-driven microbial inactivation and plasma-induced apoptosis of cancer cells are introduced. Moreover, some scientific problems that need to be urgently solved in the field of plasma medicine are also discussed. This review will provide useful guidance for future related research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program),No.30430310(to SJL)the State Key Laboratories Development Program of China,No.SKLP-K201401(to SJL)
文摘Whether endogenous neurogenesis occurs in the adult cortex remains controversial.An increasing number of reports suggest that doublecortin(DCX)-positive neurogenesis persists in the adult primate cortex,attracting enormous attention worldwide.In this study,different DCX antibodies were used together with NeuN antibodies in immunohistochemistry and western blot assays using adjacent cortical sections from adult monkeys.Antibody adsorption,antigen binding,primary antibody omission and antibody-free experiments were used to assess specificity of the signals.We found either strong fluorescent signals,medium-weak intensity signals in some cells,weak signals in a few perikarya or near complete lack of labeling in adjacent cortical sections incubated with the various DCX antibodies.The putative DCX-positive cells in the cortex were also positive for NeuN,a specific marker of mature neurons.However,further experiments showed that most of these signals were either the result of antibody cross reactivity,the non-specificity of secondary antibodies or tissue autofluorescence.No confirmed DCX-positive cells were detected in the adult macaque cortex by immunofluorescence.Our findings show that DCX-positive neurogenesis does not occur in the cerebral cortex of adult primates,and that false-positive signals(artefacts)are caused by antibody cross reactivity and autofluorescence.The experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Neuroscience,Beijing,China(approval No.IACUC-AMMS-2014-501).
基金supported by the funding from"863"Project(2011AA11A235)"973"Projects(2010CB833102 and 2012CB932900)+1 种基金NSFC(No.51222210 and 11234013)the 100 Talent Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Nano-sized caiboxylales Na_2C_7H_3NO_4 and Na_2C_6H_2N_2O_4 were prepared and investigated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.Both carboxylates exhibit high reversible capacities around 190 mAh/g above a cut-off voltage of 0.8 V vs.Li+/Li.potentially improving the safety of the batteries.In addition,good rate performance and long cycle life of these carboxylates make them promising candidates as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81602576, 81802872)National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFA0201503)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) (No. 2016I2M-1-007, 2018-I2M-1-002)
文摘Objective:Metastasis is one of the key causes of high mortality in lung cancer.Aberrant DNA methylation is a common event in metastatic lung cancer.We aimed to identify new epigenetic regulation of metastasis-associated genes and characterize their effects on lung cancer progression.Methods:We screened genes associated with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)metastasis by integrating datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.We obtained epigenetic-regulated candidate genes by analyzing the expression profile of demethylation genes.By overlapping analysis,epigenetically modulated metastasis-associated genes were obtained.Kaplan-Meier plotter(KM plotter)was utilized to assess the overall survival(OS)of stomatin in lung cancer.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was conducted to determine the association between stomatin and metastasis-associated clinical indicators.Both in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the potential role of stomatin in metastasis.The regulation mechanisms of transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1)on stomatin were determined by Sequenom MassARRAY quantitative methylation and western blot assays.Results:A series of bioinformatic analyses revealed stomatin as the metastasis-associated gene regulated by DNA methylation.The KM plotter analysis showed a positive association between stomatin and the OS of lung cancer.IHC analysis indicated that the decreased stomatin expression is linked with advanced TNM stage.Loss-and gainof-function experiments displayed that stomatin could inhibit the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells.Furthermore,TGFβ1 repressed stomatin expression during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).The negative correlation between stomatin and TGFβ1 was also validated in advanced stage III lung tumor samples.The underlying mechanism by which TGFβ1 inhibits stomatin is due in part to DNA methylation.Conclusions:Our results suggest that stomatin may be a target for epigenetic regulation and can be used to prevent metastatic diseases.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61722507,61675121,and 61705123),PCSIRT,China(Grant No.IRT17R70),111 Project,China(Grant No.D18001)+2 种基金the Program for the Outstanding Innovative Teams of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi(OIT),Chinathe Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province,China(Grant Nos.201801D221004,201901D211191,and 201901D211188)the Shanxi 1331 KSC,and Collaborative Grant by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.6191101339 and 20-53-53025 in the RFBR classification)。
文摘We report an effective method for enhancing the photoassociation of ultracold atoms using a non-resonant magnetic field,which enables the manipulation of the coupling between the wavefunctions of the colliding atomic pairs and the excited molecules.A series of photoassociation spectra are measured for different magnetic fields.We show that the photoassociation rate is significantly dependent on the non-resonant magnetic field.A qualitatively theoretical explanation is provided,and shows a good agreement with the experimental result.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0304203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62020106014,62175140,61901249,92165106,12104276,and 62011530047)+4 种基金PCSIRT(Grant No.IRT17R70)the Educational Reform and Innovation Project of Higher Education in Shanxi Province,China(Grant Nos.Z20220001 and Z20220013)111 Project(Grant No.D18001)the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province(Grant Nos.201901D211191 and 201901D211188)the Shanxi 1331 KSC。
文摘We develop a research of spin currents in a^(23)Na spinor Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)by applying a magnetic field gradient.The spin current is successfully induced by the spin-dependent force arising from the magnetic field gradient.The dynamics of the spin components under the magnetic force is investigated.The study is promising to be extended to produce a longer spin-coherence and to enhance the sensitivity of the spin-mixing interferometry in a spinor BEC.
文摘During the period of social transformation in modern China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modern Western medical system promoted the profound self‑revolution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Multiple factors,including politics,economy or religion contributed to the formulation of paper-based“TCM proclamation”.This paper,based on the prevention and control of cholera advocated in TCM proclamation,analyzes the new ways of cholera spread in China in early modern times and the complicated“country‑region‑medical institutions‑other institutions‑individuals”correlations.
文摘During the period of social transformation in modem China,the sudden onslaught of malignant infectious diseases,the helplessness of the public,and the impact of the modem Western medical system promoted the profoimd self-revolution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Multiple factors,including politics,economy or religion contributed to the formulation of paper-based“TCM proclamation”.This paper,based on the prevention and control of cholera advocated in TCM proclamation,analyzes the new ways of cholera spread in China in early modem times and the complicated“country-region-medical instilulions-other institutions-individuals”correlations.
