Objective:To explore the usefulness of multishot diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)for evaluating the neurological function of patients with spinal cord tumors Methods:Routine magnetic resonance imaging and multishot DTI w...Objective:To explore the usefulness of multishot diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)for evaluating the neurological function of patients with spinal cord tumors Methods:Routine magnetic resonance imaging and multishot DTI were performed in five patients with spinal cord tumors.The values of fractional anisotropy(FA)and radial diffusivity(RD)were analyzed.Results:Multishot DTI of spinal cord tumors allowed for defining the margins of tumors and determining the relationship of tumors with the adjacent white matter structures of the spinal cord.Multishot DTI demonstrated significantly increased RD and decreased FA of spinal cord tumors compared with those of the normal spinal cord.Conclusions:Multishot DTI is a potentially useful modality for differentiating resectable tumors from nonresectable ones based on preoperative imaging alone as well as for differentiating intramedullary tumors from extramedullary ones.Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results.展开更多
Objective: To construct brain tumors and their surrounding anatomical structures through the method of registration, fusion and, three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction based on multimodal image data and to provide the v...Objective: To construct brain tumors and their surrounding anatomical structures through the method of registration, fusion and, three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction based on multimodal image data and to provide the visual information of tumor, skull,brain, and vessels for preoperative evaluation, surgical planning, and function protection.Methods: The image data of computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were collected from fifteen patients with confirmed brain tumors.We reconstructed brain tumors and their surrounding anatomical structures using Neuro Tech software. Results: The whole 3D structures including tumor, brain surface, skull, and vessels were successfully reconstructed based on the CT and MRI images. Reconstruction image clearly shows the tumor size, location, shape, and the anatomical relationship of tumor and surrounding structures. We can hide any reconstructed images such as skull,brain tissue, blood vessles, or tumors. We also can adjust the color of reconstructed images and rotate images to observe the structures from any direction. Reconstruction of brain and skull can be semi transparent to display the deep structure; reconstruction of the structures can be axial, coronal, and sagittal cutting to show relationship among tumor and surrounding structures. The reconstructed 3D structures clearly depicted the tumor features, such as size, location, and shape, and provided visual information of the spatial relationship among its surrounding structures. Conclusions: The method of registration, fusion, and 3D reconstruction based on multimodal images to provide the visual information is feasible and practical. The reconstructed 3D structures are useful for preoperative assessment, incision design,the choice of surgical approach, tumor resection, and functional protection.展开更多
Glioblastomas are highly malignant and invasive brain tumors. Cerebral cavernous malformations(CCMs) are vascular diseases of congenital and occult vascular dysplasia, which may arise sporadically or may be inherited ...Glioblastomas are highly malignant and invasive brain tumors. Cerebral cavernous malformations(CCMs) are vascular diseases of congenital and occult vascular dysplasia, which may arise sporadically or may be inherited due to autosomal dominant condition. To the best of our knowledge, cases of glioblastoma in the cerebral hemisphere mimicking cavernous malformation have not been reported in the literature. We reported a case of glioblastoma mimicking CCM. The patient was admitted at our hospital in July 2015 due to a 9-day history of intermittent dizziness. The present study reports a case of a glioblastoma on the right temporal lobe mimicking CCM, which was confirmed by postoperative pathology. The diagnosis of glioblastoma was not determined even during surgery, and the lesion was totally resected with no complications. During the surgical procedure, the lesion was very similar to a CCM. In conclusion, it is difficult to distinguish between glioblastoma and CCM. Therefore, when a lesion is present with hemorrhage and the imaging features are very similar to a vascular disease, a tumor must be considered in the differential diagnosis.展开更多
In the field of noble metal-catalyzed alcohol electro-oxidation reaction(AOR),huge attention is paid on the composition,size,facet,and structure of the metals,while the support engineering should also be emphasized.Ce...In the field of noble metal-catalyzed alcohol electro-oxidation reaction(AOR),huge attention is paid on the composition,size,facet,and structure of the metals,while the support engineering should also be emphasized.CeO_(2)has been widely used as a unique support in AOR,primarily due to its abundant oxygen vacancies(O_(v)).Herein,we report CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O nanoparticles with both massive hydroxyl groups(OH)and O_(v)remarkably enhance the catalytic activity and stability of Pd toward ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).The CO striping experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations suggest that OH and O_(v)on CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O surface bring about a large downshift of Pd d-band center and a significant weakening of CO absorption on Pd.Moreover,OH and O_(v)also play synergic roles in the removal of toxic intermediates.Consequently,the important roles of OH and O_(v)of CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O are confirmed in Pd-catalyzed EOR.The facile CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O-enhanced strategy can contribute to the catalyst design for other energy conversion reactions.展开更多
Pediatric brain tumors are a type of tumors that are commonly present in children and young adults.With the improvement of treatment,the quality of life,especially the cognitive functioning,is gaining increasingly mor...Pediatric brain tumors are a type of tumors that are commonly present in children and young adults.With the improvement of treatment,the quality of life,especially the cognitive functioning,is gaining increasingly more attention.Apart from cognitive evaluations,neuroimaging studies begin to play an important part in neurocognitive functioning investigation.In this way,the brain tissue changes caused by tumor variables(including tumor location and tumor size)and treatment variables(including surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy)can be detected by neuroimaging.Recent advancement of neuroimaging techniques,such as functionalMRI(f MRI)and diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),made great contributions to understanding cognitive dysfunction and quantifying the effects of tumor variables and treatment variables.In recent years,laminar-f MRI provided a potentially valuable tool for examining the exact origins of neural activity and cognitive function.On the other hand,molecular f MRI might guide diagnosis and treatment of brain disease in the future by using new biomarkers,and DTI can detect white matter changes and obtain some anatomically specific information.展开更多
文摘Objective:To explore the usefulness of multishot diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)for evaluating the neurological function of patients with spinal cord tumors Methods:Routine magnetic resonance imaging and multishot DTI were performed in five patients with spinal cord tumors.The values of fractional anisotropy(FA)and radial diffusivity(RD)were analyzed.Results:Multishot DTI of spinal cord tumors allowed for defining the margins of tumors and determining the relationship of tumors with the adjacent white matter structures of the spinal cord.Multishot DTI demonstrated significantly increased RD and decreased FA of spinal cord tumors compared with those of the normal spinal cord.Conclusions:Multishot DTI is a potentially useful modality for differentiating resectable tumors from nonresectable ones based on preoperative imaging alone as well as for differentiating intramedullary tumors from extramedullary ones.Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results.
文摘Objective: To construct brain tumors and their surrounding anatomical structures through the method of registration, fusion and, three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction based on multimodal image data and to provide the visual information of tumor, skull,brain, and vessels for preoperative evaluation, surgical planning, and function protection.Methods: The image data of computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were collected from fifteen patients with confirmed brain tumors.We reconstructed brain tumors and their surrounding anatomical structures using Neuro Tech software. Results: The whole 3D structures including tumor, brain surface, skull, and vessels were successfully reconstructed based on the CT and MRI images. Reconstruction image clearly shows the tumor size, location, shape, and the anatomical relationship of tumor and surrounding structures. We can hide any reconstructed images such as skull,brain tissue, blood vessles, or tumors. We also can adjust the color of reconstructed images and rotate images to observe the structures from any direction. Reconstruction of brain and skull can be semi transparent to display the deep structure; reconstruction of the structures can be axial, coronal, and sagittal cutting to show relationship among tumor and surrounding structures. The reconstructed 3D structures clearly depicted the tumor features, such as size, location, and shape, and provided visual information of the spatial relationship among its surrounding structures. Conclusions: The method of registration, fusion, and 3D reconstruction based on multimodal images to provide the visual information is feasible and practical. The reconstructed 3D structures are useful for preoperative assessment, incision design,the choice of surgical approach, tumor resection, and functional protection.
基金Supported by Tsinghua-Yuquan Medical Research Funds(No.20240000513)
文摘Glioblastomas are highly malignant and invasive brain tumors. Cerebral cavernous malformations(CCMs) are vascular diseases of congenital and occult vascular dysplasia, which may arise sporadically or may be inherited due to autosomal dominant condition. To the best of our knowledge, cases of glioblastoma in the cerebral hemisphere mimicking cavernous malformation have not been reported in the literature. We reported a case of glioblastoma mimicking CCM. The patient was admitted at our hospital in July 2015 due to a 9-day history of intermittent dizziness. The present study reports a case of a glioblastoma on the right temporal lobe mimicking CCM, which was confirmed by postoperative pathology. The diagnosis of glioblastoma was not determined even during surgery, and the lesion was totally resected with no complications. During the surgical procedure, the lesion was very similar to a CCM. In conclusion, it is difficult to distinguish between glioblastoma and CCM. Therefore, when a lesion is present with hemorrhage and the imaging features are very similar to a vascular disease, a tumor must be considered in the differential diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875125,22161033)the 111 Project(D20033)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(2017JQ03)“Grassland Talent”Program“Grassland Talent”Innovation Team of Inner Mongolia。
文摘In the field of noble metal-catalyzed alcohol electro-oxidation reaction(AOR),huge attention is paid on the composition,size,facet,and structure of the metals,while the support engineering should also be emphasized.CeO_(2)has been widely used as a unique support in AOR,primarily due to its abundant oxygen vacancies(O_(v)).Herein,we report CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O nanoparticles with both massive hydroxyl groups(OH)and O_(v)remarkably enhance the catalytic activity and stability of Pd toward ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).The CO striping experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations suggest that OH and O_(v)on CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O surface bring about a large downshift of Pd d-band center and a significant weakening of CO absorption on Pd.Moreover,OH and O_(v)also play synergic roles in the removal of toxic intermediates.Consequently,the important roles of OH and O_(v)of CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O are confirmed in Pd-catalyzed EOR.The facile CeO_(2)·xH_(2)O-enhanced strategy can contribute to the catalyst design for other energy conversion reactions.
文摘Pediatric brain tumors are a type of tumors that are commonly present in children and young adults.With the improvement of treatment,the quality of life,especially the cognitive functioning,is gaining increasingly more attention.Apart from cognitive evaluations,neuroimaging studies begin to play an important part in neurocognitive functioning investigation.In this way,the brain tissue changes caused by tumor variables(including tumor location and tumor size)and treatment variables(including surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy)can be detected by neuroimaging.Recent advancement of neuroimaging techniques,such as functionalMRI(f MRI)and diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),made great contributions to understanding cognitive dysfunction and quantifying the effects of tumor variables and treatment variables.In recent years,laminar-f MRI provided a potentially valuable tool for examining the exact origins of neural activity and cognitive function.On the other hand,molecular f MRI might guide diagnosis and treatment of brain disease in the future by using new biomarkers,and DTI can detect white matter changes and obtain some anatomically specific information.
