BACKGROUND Traditional esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD),an invasive examination method,can cause discomfort and pain in patients.In contrast,magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(MCE),a noninvasive method,is being ...BACKGROUND Traditional esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD),an invasive examination method,can cause discomfort and pain in patients.In contrast,magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(MCE),a noninvasive method,is being applied for the detection of stomach and small intestinal diseases,but its application in treating esophageal diseases is not widespread.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of detachable string MCE(ds-MCE)for the diagnosis of esophageal diseases.METHODS Fifty patients who had been diagnosed with esophageal diseases were pros-pectively recruited for this clinical study and underwent ds-MCE and conven-tional EGD.The primary endpoints included the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and diagnostic accuracy of ds-MCE for patients with esophageal diseases.The secondary endpoints consisted of visualizing the esophageal and dentate lines,as well as the subjects'tolerance of the procedure.RESULTS Using EGD as the gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and diagnostic accuracy of ds-MCE for esophageal disease detection were 85.71%,86.21%,81.82%,89.29%,and 86%,respectively.ds-MCE was more comfortable and convenient than EGD was,with 80%of patients feeling that ds-MCE examination was very comfortable or comfortable and 50%of patients believing that detachable string v examination was very convenient.CONCLUSION This study revealed that ds-MCE has the same diagnostic effects as traditional EGD for esophageal diseases and is more comfortable and convenient than EGD,providing a novel noninvasive method for treating esophageal diseases.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the predictive clinical value of in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for directing chemosensitivity in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS:Results of ...AIM:To investigate the predictive clinical value of in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for directing chemosensitivity in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS:Results of a total of 353 consecutive patients with gastric cancer treated with MTT-directed chemotherapy or physician’s empirical chemotherapy from July 1997 to April 2003 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:The overall 5-year survival rate of MTT- sensitive group (MSG) and control group (CG) was 47.5% and 45.1%, respectively. The results of subgroup analysis with Cox proportional-hazards model were favorable for the MSG-sensitive group. However, no statistically significant difference in survival rate was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION:Individualized chemotherapy based on in vitro MTT assay is beneficial, but needs to be confirmed by further randomized controlled trials.展开更多
AIM. To study the differential gene expression profiles of target cells in primary gastric cancer and its metastatic lymph nodes using laser microdissection （LMD） in combination with cDNA microarray. METHODS： Norma...AIM. To study the differential gene expression profiles of target cells in primary gastric cancer and its metastatic lymph nodes using laser microdissection （LMD） in combination with cDNA microarray. METHODS： Normal gastric tissue samples from 30 healthy individuals, 36 cancer tissue samples from primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis tissue samples from 58 patients during gastric cancer resection were obtained using LMD in combination with cDNA microarray independently. After P27-based amplification, aRNA from 36 of 58 patients （group 1） with lymph node metastasis and metastatic tissue specimens from the remaining 22 patients （group 2） were applied to cDNA microarray. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and imrnunohistochemical assay verified the results of microarray in group 2 and further identified genes differentially expressed in the progression of gastric cancer. RESULTS： The expression of 10 genes was up-regulated while the expression of 15 genes was down-regulated in 22 gastric carcinoma samples compared with that of genes in the normal controls. The results were confirmed at the level of mRNA and protein, and suggested that four genes （OPCML, RNASE1, YES1 and ACK1） could play a key role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer. The expression pattern of 3 genes （OPCML, RNASE1 and YES1） was similar to tumor suppressor genes. For example, the expression level of these genes was the highest in normal gastric epithelium, which was decreased in primary carcinoma, and further decreased in metastatic lymph nodes. On the contrary, the expression pattern of gene ACK1 was similar to that of oncogene. Four genes were further identified as differentially expressed genes in the majority of the cases in the progression of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION： LMD in combination with cDNA microaro ray provides a unique support foe the identification of early expression profiles of differential genes and the expression pattern of 3 genes （OPCML, RNASE1 and YES1） associated with the progression of gastric cancer. Further study is needed to reveal the molecular mechanism of lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） of orthotopic implantation of human gastric carcinoma in male...AIM： To investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） of orthotopic implantation of human gastric carcinoma in male severe combined immune deficiency （SCID） mice. METHODS： Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were orthotopically implanted into the stomach of SC/D mice. The mice were randomly divided into normal saline group and N-desulfated heparin group. One week after operation, the mice in N-desulfated heparin group reo ceived i.v. injections of N-desulfated heparin （Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 10 mg/kg.d） twice weekly for 3 wk. The mice in normal saline group received i.v. injections of normal saline （100 μL） twice weekly for 3 wk. The mice were sacrificed six weeks after implantation. Tumor metastasis was evaluo ated histologically for metastasis under microscope. Intratumoral microvessel density （MVD） and VEGF expression were evaluated immuohistochemically. VEGF mRNA expression in gastric tissue of SC/D mice was detected by real time PCR. RESULTS： The tumor metastasis rate was 80% in normal saline group and 20% in N-desulfated heparin group （P 〈 0.05）. MVD was 8.0 ± 3.1 in normal saline group and 4.3 ± 1.8 in N-desulfated heparin group （P 〈 0.05）. VEGF positive immunostaining was found in cytoplasm of cancer cells. The rate of VEGF positive expression was higher in normal saline group than in N-desulfated hepa- rin treated group （90% vs 20%, P 〈 0.05）. VEGF mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by N-desulfated heparin and was higher in normal saline group than in N-desulfated heparin group （Ct value 19.51 ± 1.01 vs 22.55± 1.36, P 〈 0.05）. N-desulfated heparin significantly inhibited the expression of VEGF mRNA in cancer cells. No bleeding occurred in N-desulfated heparin group. CONCLUSION： N-desulfated heparin can inhibit metastasis of gastric cancer by suppressing tumor VEGF expression and tumor angiogenesis, but has no obvious anticoagulant activity.展开更多
AIM: To explore the molecular mechanisms of action of paclitaxel and NM-3 on human gastric cancer in severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. METHODS: Human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 were implanted into SCID...AIM: To explore the molecular mechanisms of action of paclitaxel and NM-3 on human gastric cancer in severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. METHODS: Human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 were implanted into SCID mice and mice were treated with paclitaxel and NM-3. The effects of paclitaxel and NM-3 on apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells were analyzed using flow cytometry, TUNEL assays, and DNA fragment analyses. RESULTS: Apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was successfully induced by paclitaxel, NM-3, and the combination of paclitaxel and NM-3 24 h after injection as shown by the presence of apoptotic hypodiploid peaks on the flow cytometer before G1-S and a characteristic apoptotic band pattern in the DNA electrophoresis. The apoptotic rate detected by TUNEL assay was found to be significantly higher in the paclitaxel/NM-3 compared to the control group (38.5% ± 5.14% vs 13.2% ± 1.75%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel in combination with NM-3 is able to induce apoptosis of the human gastric cancer cells in SCID mice effectively and synergistically.展开更多
AIM: To explore the expression of differential gene expression profiles of target cell between non-invasive submucosal and invasive advanced tumor in colon carcinoma using laser microdissection (LMD) in combination wi...AIM: To explore the expression of differential gene expression profiles of target cell between non-invasive submucosal and invasive advanced tumor in colon carcinoma using laser microdissection (LMD) in combination with polypeptide analysis. METHODS: Normal colon tissue samples from 20 healthy individuals and 30 cancer tissue samples from early non-invasive colon cancer cells were obtained. The cells from these samples were used LMD independently after P27-based amplification. aRNA from advanced colon cancer cells and metastatic cancer cells of 40 cases were applied to LMD and polypeptide analysis, semiquantitative reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical assays were used to verify the results of microarray and further identify differentially expressed genes in non-invasive early stages of colon cancer. RESULTS: Five gene expressions were changed in colon carcinoma cells compared with that of controls. Of the five genes, three genes were downregulated and two were upregulated in invasive submucosal colon carcinoma compared with non-invasive cases. The results were confirmed at the level of aRNA and gene expression. Five genes were further identified as differentially expressed genes in the majority ofcases (> 50%, 25/40) in progression of colon cancer, and their expression patterns of which were similar to tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that combined use of polypeptide analysis might identify early expression profiles of five differential genes associated with the invasion of colon cancer. These results reveal that this gene may be a marker of submucosal invasion in early colon cancer.展开更多
基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai,No.18DZ1930309.
文摘BACKGROUND Traditional esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD),an invasive examination method,can cause discomfort and pain in patients.In contrast,magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(MCE),a noninvasive method,is being applied for the detection of stomach and small intestinal diseases,but its application in treating esophageal diseases is not widespread.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of detachable string MCE(ds-MCE)for the diagnosis of esophageal diseases.METHODS Fifty patients who had been diagnosed with esophageal diseases were pros-pectively recruited for this clinical study and underwent ds-MCE and conven-tional EGD.The primary endpoints included the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and diagnostic accuracy of ds-MCE for patients with esophageal diseases.The secondary endpoints consisted of visualizing the esophageal and dentate lines,as well as the subjects'tolerance of the procedure.RESULTS Using EGD as the gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and diagnostic accuracy of ds-MCE for esophageal disease detection were 85.71%,86.21%,81.82%,89.29%,and 86%,respectively.ds-MCE was more comfortable and convenient than EGD was,with 80%of patients feeling that ds-MCE examination was very comfortable or comfortable and 50%of patients believing that detachable string v examination was very convenient.CONCLUSION This study revealed that ds-MCE has the same diagnostic effects as traditional EGD for esophageal diseases and is more comfortable and convenient than EGD,providing a novel noninvasive method for treating esophageal diseases.
文摘AIM:To investigate the predictive clinical value of in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for directing chemosensitivity in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS:Results of a total of 353 consecutive patients with gastric cancer treated with MTT-directed chemotherapy or physician’s empirical chemotherapy from July 1997 to April 2003 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:The overall 5-year survival rate of MTT- sensitive group (MSG) and control group (CG) was 47.5% and 45.1%, respectively. The results of subgroup analysis with Cox proportional-hazards model were favorable for the MSG-sensitive group. However, no statistically significant difference in survival rate was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION:Individualized chemotherapy based on in vitro MTT assay is beneficial, but needs to be confirmed by further randomized controlled trials.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, No02ZB14072
文摘AIM. To study the differential gene expression profiles of target cells in primary gastric cancer and its metastatic lymph nodes using laser microdissection （LMD） in combination with cDNA microarray. METHODS： Normal gastric tissue samples from 30 healthy individuals, 36 cancer tissue samples from primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis tissue samples from 58 patients during gastric cancer resection were obtained using LMD in combination with cDNA microarray independently. After P27-based amplification, aRNA from 36 of 58 patients （group 1） with lymph node metastasis and metastatic tissue specimens from the remaining 22 patients （group 2） were applied to cDNA microarray. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and imrnunohistochemical assay verified the results of microarray in group 2 and further identified genes differentially expressed in the progression of gastric cancer. RESULTS： The expression of 10 genes was up-regulated while the expression of 15 genes was down-regulated in 22 gastric carcinoma samples compared with that of genes in the normal controls. The results were confirmed at the level of mRNA and protein, and suggested that four genes （OPCML, RNASE1, YES1 and ACK1） could play a key role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer. The expression pattern of 3 genes （OPCML, RNASE1 and YES1） was similar to tumor suppressor genes. For example, the expression level of these genes was the highest in normal gastric epithelium, which was decreased in primary carcinoma, and further decreased in metastatic lymph nodes. On the contrary, the expression pattern of gene ACK1 was similar to that of oncogene. Four genes were further identified as differentially expressed genes in the majority of the cases in the progression of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION： LMD in combination with cDNA microaro ray provides a unique support foe the identification of early expression profiles of differential genes and the expression pattern of 3 genes （OPCML, RNASE1 and YES1） associated with the progression of gastric cancer. Further study is needed to reveal the molecular mechanism of lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer.
基金Supported by the Scientific Foundation of Shanghai Public Health Administration, No.034045
文摘AIM： To investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） of orthotopic implantation of human gastric carcinoma in male severe combined immune deficiency （SCID） mice. METHODS： Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were orthotopically implanted into the stomach of SC/D mice. The mice were randomly divided into normal saline group and N-desulfated heparin group. One week after operation, the mice in N-desulfated heparin group reo ceived i.v. injections of N-desulfated heparin （Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 10 mg/kg.d） twice weekly for 3 wk. The mice in normal saline group received i.v. injections of normal saline （100 μL） twice weekly for 3 wk. The mice were sacrificed six weeks after implantation. Tumor metastasis was evaluo ated histologically for metastasis under microscope. Intratumoral microvessel density （MVD） and VEGF expression were evaluated immuohistochemically. VEGF mRNA expression in gastric tissue of SC/D mice was detected by real time PCR. RESULTS： The tumor metastasis rate was 80% in normal saline group and 20% in N-desulfated heparin group （P 〈 0.05）. MVD was 8.0 ± 3.1 in normal saline group and 4.3 ± 1.8 in N-desulfated heparin group （P 〈 0.05）. VEGF positive immunostaining was found in cytoplasm of cancer cells. The rate of VEGF positive expression was higher in normal saline group than in N-desulfated hepa- rin treated group （90% vs 20%, P 〈 0.05）. VEGF mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by N-desulfated heparin and was higher in normal saline group than in N-desulfated heparin group （Ct value 19.51 ± 1.01 vs 22.55± 1.36, P 〈 0.05）. N-desulfated heparin significantly inhibited the expression of VEGF mRNA in cancer cells. No bleeding occurred in N-desulfated heparin group. CONCLUSION： N-desulfated heparin can inhibit metastasis of gastric cancer by suppressing tumor VEGF expression and tumor angiogenesis, but has no obvious anticoagulant activity.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, No. 02ZB14072
文摘AIM: To explore the molecular mechanisms of action of paclitaxel and NM-3 on human gastric cancer in severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. METHODS: Human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 were implanted into SCID mice and mice were treated with paclitaxel and NM-3. The effects of paclitaxel and NM-3 on apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells were analyzed using flow cytometry, TUNEL assays, and DNA fragment analyses. RESULTS: Apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was successfully induced by paclitaxel, NM-3, and the combination of paclitaxel and NM-3 24 h after injection as shown by the presence of apoptotic hypodiploid peaks on the flow cytometer before G1-S and a characteristic apoptotic band pattern in the DNA electrophoresis. The apoptotic rate detected by TUNEL assay was found to be significantly higher in the paclitaxel/NM-3 compared to the control group (38.5% ± 5.14% vs 13.2% ± 1.75%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel in combination with NM-3 is able to induce apoptosis of the human gastric cancer cells in SCID mice effectively and synergistically.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, No. 04ZB14072
文摘AIM: To explore the expression of differential gene expression profiles of target cell between non-invasive submucosal and invasive advanced tumor in colon carcinoma using laser microdissection (LMD) in combination with polypeptide analysis. METHODS: Normal colon tissue samples from 20 healthy individuals and 30 cancer tissue samples from early non-invasive colon cancer cells were obtained. The cells from these samples were used LMD independently after P27-based amplification. aRNA from advanced colon cancer cells and metastatic cancer cells of 40 cases were applied to LMD and polypeptide analysis, semiquantitative reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical assays were used to verify the results of microarray and further identify differentially expressed genes in non-invasive early stages of colon cancer. RESULTS: Five gene expressions were changed in colon carcinoma cells compared with that of controls. Of the five genes, three genes were downregulated and two were upregulated in invasive submucosal colon carcinoma compared with non-invasive cases. The results were confirmed at the level of aRNA and gene expression. Five genes were further identified as differentially expressed genes in the majority ofcases (> 50%, 25/40) in progression of colon cancer, and their expression patterns of which were similar to tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that combined use of polypeptide analysis might identify early expression profiles of five differential genes associated with the invasion of colon cancer. These results reveal that this gene may be a marker of submucosal invasion in early colon cancer.
