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Effect of subsoil tillage depth on nutrient accumulation, root distribution, and grain yield in spring maize 被引量:44
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作者 Hongguang Cai Wei Ma +6 位作者 Xiuzhi Zhang Jieqing Ping Xiaogong Yan Jianzhao Liu jingchao yuan Lichun Wang Jun Ren 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CAS 2014年第5期297-307,共11页
A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of subsoiling depth on root morphology, nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K) uptake, and grain yield of spring maize. The results indicated ... A four-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of subsoiling depth on root morphology, nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K) uptake, and grain yield of spring maize. The results indicated that subsoil tillage promoted root development,increased nutrient accumulation, and increased yield. Compared with conventional soil management(CK), root length, root surface area, and root dry weight at 0–80 cm soil depth under subsoil tillage to 30 cm(T1) and subsoil tillage to 50 cm(T2) were significantly increased, especially the proportions of roots in deeper soil. Root length, surface area, and dry weight differed significantly among three treatments in the order of T2 > T1 > CK at the12-leaf and early filling stages. The range of variation of root diameter in different soil layers in T2 treatment was the smallest, suggesting that roots were more likely to grow downwards with deeper subsoil tillage in soil. The accumulation of N, P, and K in subsoil tillage treatment was significantly increased, but the proportions of kernel and straw were different. In a comparison of T1 with T2, the grain accumulated more N and P, while K accumulation in kernel and straw varied in different years. Grain yield and biomass were increased by 12.8% and 14.6% on average in subsoil tillage treatments compared to conventional soil treatment. Although no significant differences between different subsoil tillage depths were observed for nutrient accumulation and grain yield, lodging resistance of plants was significantly improved in subsoil tillage to 50 cm, a characteristic that favors a high and stable yield under extreme environments. 展开更多
关键词 Spring MAIZE SUBSOIL TILLAGE Root morphology Grain yield NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION
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Dendrite‐free lithium and sodium metal anodes with deep plating/stripping properties for lithium and sodium batteries 被引量:10
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作者 Jianyi Wang Qi Kang +7 位作者 jingchao yuan Qianru Fu Chunhua Chen Zibo Zhai Yang Liu Wei Yan Aijun Li Jiujun Zhang 《Carbon Energy》 CAS 2021年第1期153-166,共14页
Although lithium(Li)and sodium(Na)metals can be selected as the promising anode materials for next‐generation rechargeable batteries of high energy density,their practical applications are greatly restricted by the u... Although lithium(Li)and sodium(Na)metals can be selected as the promising anode materials for next‐generation rechargeable batteries of high energy density,their practical applications are greatly restricted by the uncontrollable dendrite growth.Herein,a platinum(Pt)–copper(Cu)alloycoated Cu foam(Pt–Cu foam)is prepared and then used as the substrate for Li and Na metal anodes.Owing to the ultrarough morphology with a threedimensional porous structure and the quite large surface area as well as lithiophilicity and sodiophilicity,both Li and Na dendrite growths are significantly suppressed on the substrate.Moreover,during Li plating,the lithiated Pt atoms can dissolve into Li phase,leaving a lot of microsized holes on the substrate.During Na plating,although the sodiated Pt atoms cannot dissolve into Na phase,the sodiation of Pt atoms elevates many microsized blocks above the current collector.Either the holes or the voids on the surface of Pt–Cu foam what can be extra place for deposited alkali metal,what effectively relaxes the internal stress caused by the volume exchange during Li and Na plating/stripping.Therefore,the symmetric batteries of Li@Pt–Cu foam and Na@Pt–Cu foam have both achieved long‐term cycling stability even at ultrahigh areal capacity at 20 mAh cm−2. 展开更多
关键词 dendrite‐free Li and Na metal anodes Li and Na metal batteries Pt–Cu alloy‐coated Cu foam ultrahigh areal capacity
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Facile carbon cloth activation strategy to boost oxygen reduction reaction performance for flexible zinc-air battery application 被引量:2
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作者 Revanasiddappa Manjunatha jingchao yuan +8 位作者 Li Hongwei Shu-Qi Deng Ejikeme R.Ezeigwe Yinze Zuo Li Dong Aijun Li Wei Yan Fangzhou Zhang Jiujun Zhang 《Carbon Energy》 SCIE CAS 2022年第5期762-775,共14页
Flexible and all-solid-state zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are highly useful and also in demand due to their theoretical high energy densities and special applications.The limitation in their performance arises due to their... Flexible and all-solid-state zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are highly useful and also in demand due to their theoretical high energy densities and special applications.The limitation in their performance arises due to their catalyst-coated cathode electrodes in terms of catalytic activity and stability as well as cost.In this paper,a novel and environmentally friendly activation strategy is developed to activate the carbon cloth(CC)for the electrodes.The activated CC serves as a catalyst-free air cathode with high conductivity,excellent mechanical strength,and flexibility,in addition to low cost.The strategy is performed by simply electro-oxidizing and electroreducing CC under ultrahigh direct current(DC)voltage in a diluted NH4Cl aqueous electrolyte.It is found that the electro-oxidation not only results in the formation of a graphene-like exfoliated carbon layer on the surface of CC but also induces the incorporation of oxygen-containing groups and doping of nitrogen and chloride atoms.After the electroreduction,theπ-conjugated carbon network of CC is partially restored,leading to the recovery of electroconductivity.Such an electroactivated CC shows excellent oxygen reduction reaction activity.The aqueous flexibility and all-solid-state ZABs are assembled using such an electroactivated CC cathode without any catalyst loading.Both ZABs can achieve good durability and deliver high peak power density and an energy density as high as 690 Wh kg^(−1),demonstrating the excellent potential of this electroactivated CC in practical devices. 展开更多
关键词 carbon cloth catalyst-free electroactivation nitrogen and chlorine co-doping oxygencontaining groups ultrahigh and ultralow direct current voltage
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