Climate feedbacks have been usually estimated using changes in radiative effects associated with increased global-mean surface temperature. Feedback uncertainties, however, are not only functions of global-mean surfac...Climate feedbacks have been usually estimated using changes in radiative effects associated with increased global-mean surface temperature. Feedback uncertainties, however, are not only functions of global-mean surface temperature increase. In projections by global climate models, it has been demonstrated that the geographical variation of sea surface temperature change brings significant uncertainties into atmospheric circulation and precipitation responses at regional scales. Here we show that the spatial pattern of surface warming is a major contributor to uncertainty in the combined water vapour-lapse rate feedback. This is demonstrated by computing the global-mean radiative effects of changes in air temperature and relative humidity simulated by 31 climate models using a methodology based on radiative kernels. Our results highlight the important contribution of regional climate change to the uncertainty in climate feedbacks, and identify the regions of the world where constraining surface warming patterns would be most effective for higher skill of climate projections.展开更多
How to control and prevent atherosclerosis(AS) remains a global issue that needs to be deeply discussed. The innovation concept of AS and coronary heart disease(CHD) in western medicine provides a good opportunity to ...How to control and prevent atherosclerosis(AS) remains a global issue that needs to be deeply discussed. The innovation concept of AS and coronary heart disease(CHD) in western medicine provides a good opportunity to develop the traditional Chinese medicine etiology and new control strategies accordingly. This article reviewed and refined the updated control strategies of AS of CHD integrated Chinese and western medicine based on the innovation concept and therapeutic guideline of AS and CHD during the last 10 years.展开更多
Research on Qing Court Medical Records （RQCMR） is a large-volume book which was edited and annotated by the sixth co-author Keji, Chen and his colleagues, and consists of all the medical records of imperial families...Research on Qing Court Medical Records （RQCMR） is a large-volume book which was edited and annotated by the sixth co-author Keji, Chen and his colleagues, and consists of all the medical records of imperial families and aristocrats of the Qing dynasty. To reveal and utilize their high value both in traditional Chinese medicine research and modem clinical practice, we have developed a method of transforming the Qing Court Medical Records （QCMR） into a computer-read- able, structured representation, so that statistical analysis and data mining can be accurately performed. The method consists of a frame ontology based medical language, called MedL, for representing QCMR, a parser for compiling MedL frames into a database, and an explorative pattem mining technique. With this method the entire RQCMR volume is transformed into a database and medical patterns may be mined from the database.展开更多
This paper looks at the foreign exchange rates （FX rates） and specifically the RMB/US dollar exchange rate issue from the international political economy （IPE） perspective. It argues that in reality, the US-China ...This paper looks at the foreign exchange rates （FX rates） and specifically the RMB/US dollar exchange rate issue from the international political economy （IPE） perspective. It argues that in reality, the US-China debate on the renminbi （RMB） exchange rate and the new reform initiated on July 21,2005 is Hot only an economic issue, but more than that, an issue of political economy, that is determined by the dynamic interaction of various economic and political factors at both the national and international levels.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41675070the Shanghai Eastern Scholar Program under contract No. TP2015049+1 种基金the Expert Development Fund under contract No. 2017033the China Scholarship Council under contract No. 201506330007.
文摘Climate feedbacks have been usually estimated using changes in radiative effects associated with increased global-mean surface temperature. Feedback uncertainties, however, are not only functions of global-mean surface temperature increase. In projections by global climate models, it has been demonstrated that the geographical variation of sea surface temperature change brings significant uncertainties into atmospheric circulation and precipitation responses at regional scales. Here we show that the spatial pattern of surface warming is a major contributor to uncertainty in the combined water vapour-lapse rate feedback. This is demonstrated by computing the global-mean radiative effects of changes in air temperature and relative humidity simulated by 31 climate models using a methodology based on radiative kernels. Our results highlight the important contribution of regional climate change to the uncertainty in climate feedbacks, and identify the regions of the world where constraining surface warming patterns would be most effective for higher skill of climate projections.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81030063 and 81373825)the Special Research Foundation of National Clinical Research Facility of TCM(JDZX2012108)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine(JJ2013-66)Miaopu Plan of Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(XY13)
文摘How to control and prevent atherosclerosis(AS) remains a global issue that needs to be deeply discussed. The innovation concept of AS and coronary heart disease(CHD) in western medicine provides a good opportunity to develop the traditional Chinese medicine etiology and new control strategies accordingly. This article reviewed and refined the updated control strategies of AS of CHD integrated Chinese and western medicine based on the innovation concept and therapeutic guideline of AS and CHD during the last 10 years.
文摘Research on Qing Court Medical Records （RQCMR） is a large-volume book which was edited and annotated by the sixth co-author Keji, Chen and his colleagues, and consists of all the medical records of imperial families and aristocrats of the Qing dynasty. To reveal and utilize their high value both in traditional Chinese medicine research and modem clinical practice, we have developed a method of transforming the Qing Court Medical Records （QCMR） into a computer-read- able, structured representation, so that statistical analysis and data mining can be accurately performed. The method consists of a frame ontology based medical language, called MedL, for representing QCMR, a parser for compiling MedL frames into a database, and an explorative pattem mining technique. With this method the entire RQCMR volume is transformed into a database and medical patterns may be mined from the database.
文摘This paper looks at the foreign exchange rates （FX rates） and specifically the RMB/US dollar exchange rate issue from the international political economy （IPE） perspective. It argues that in reality, the US-China debate on the renminbi （RMB） exchange rate and the new reform initiated on July 21,2005 is Hot only an economic issue, but more than that, an issue of political economy, that is determined by the dynamic interaction of various economic and political factors at both the national and international levels.
