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货币政策生产网络传导与我国新型工业化实现路径
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作者 余静文 沈妤恬 《工信财经科技》 2024年第5期14-25,共12页
以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业,实现新型工业化是关键任务。良好的政策环境对于发展新型工业化至关重要。本文结合生产网络传导理论,聚焦到货币政策对新型工业化的推进作用。本文首先明确了当下新型工业化所面临的挑战... 以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业,实现新型工业化是关键任务。良好的政策环境对于发展新型工业化至关重要。本文结合生产网络传导理论,聚焦到货币政策对新型工业化的推进作用。本文首先明确了当下新型工业化所面临的挑战,其次探讨了一个新的货币政策传导渠道——生产网络渠道,并分析其原理和识别方法,最后提出货币政策通过生产网络效应助力新型工业化发展的方法和路径,对精准发挥货币政策的宏观调控功能,全力推进工业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展具有重要的实践意义。 展开更多
关键词 货币政策 生产网络 新型工业化
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美国货币政策调整的跨境传导及其对我国经济的影响
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作者 余静文 姜竣雯 《工信财经科技》 2023年第5期67-81,共15页
美国货币政策对新兴市场经济体的影响是政策当局争论最激烈的问题之一,其跨境传导机制也是国际金融领域研究的重要问题。当前全球经济不确定性提高,我国经济下行风险加大,同时美国货币政策将出现重大转向,这更促使对美国货币政策调整的... 美国货币政策对新兴市场经济体的影响是政策当局争论最激烈的问题之一,其跨境传导机制也是国际金融领域研究的重要问题。当前全球经济不确定性提高,我国经济下行风险加大,同时美国货币政策将出现重大转向,这更促使对美国货币政策调整的跨境传导机制以及其对我国经济的溢出影响的思考。本文将从利率、汇率、贸易、投资组合再平衡、生产网络等渠道分析美国货币政策的跨境传导,并通过向量自回归模型考察美国货币政策对我国经济的外溢影响。面对当前百年未有之大变局和不确定性风险的提高,了解美国货币政策对新兴市场经济体的溢出渠道,同时以史为鉴,从以往重大事件中汲取经验,对当地经济抵御外部政策的负面冲击具有重要政策启示。 展开更多
关键词 美国货币政策 外溢效应 我国经济
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政府补贴与企业产能过剩 被引量:7
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作者 余靖雯 韩秀华 李一可 《产业经济评论》 CSSCI 2022年第5期130-153,共24页
自20世纪90年代末开始,我国一直存在产能过剩的问题,尽管中央政府不断出台措施化解产能过剩,优化产业结构,然而效果不如预期,背后的原因值得深入探究。本文根据随机前沿模型估计了中国A股制造业上市公司实际的产能过剩程度,并利用2007-2... 自20世纪90年代末开始,我国一直存在产能过剩的问题,尽管中央政府不断出台措施化解产能过剩,优化产业结构,然而效果不如预期,背后的原因值得深入探究。本文根据随机前沿模型估计了中国A股制造业上市公司实际的产能过剩程度,并利用2007-2018年的数据,考察了政府补贴对企业产能过剩的影响。研究发现,政府补贴对企业产能过剩具有正向推动作用,政府补贴占企业总资产比例每增加1个百分点,企业产能过剩水平上升约0.958个百分点。这种影响在国有企业、大规模企业和市场化程度较低地区体现得更为明显。机制分析表明,政府补贴一方面推动企业增加投资,安装更多的产能;另一方面帮助企业形成价格优势,抢占市场份额,促使企业理论最优产能上升。两种力量中前者占主导地位,导致安装产能和理论最优产能之间的差距扩大,政府补贴最终加剧了企业产能过剩。本文的政策含义是,推进财税体制改革、促进补贴资源高效率配置、加强政府补贴的事后监督并建立补贴动态调整体系,是供给侧改革下化解企业产能过剩问题的关键举措。 展开更多
关键词 产能过剩 产能利用率 政府补贴
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金融体系结构优化的国际经验与中国路径
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作者 余静文 李濛西 《工信财经科技》 2021年第5期25-36,共12页
金融体系结构是指各融资渠道和金融工具的组合以及相对比例关系。从金融功能角度看,风险管理、解决信息不对称问题和激励问题等都是金融在实现资源配置过程中衍生出来的功能。从历史经验来看,金融体系结构调整与变迁的根本原因在于满足... 金融体系结构是指各融资渠道和金融工具的组合以及相对比例关系。从金融功能角度看,风险管理、解决信息不对称问题和激励问题等都是金融在实现资源配置过程中衍生出来的功能。从历史经验来看,金融体系结构调整与变迁的根本原因在于满足实体经济的需要并更好地服务实体经济。本文通过回顾、总结部分发达国家金融体系结构优化调整的历史经验,对中国金融体系结构优化的路径提出相关建议,包括优化银行业结构和金融体系信贷结构;发展多层次资本市场,提高直接融资比重,优化金融体系融资结构;完善金融基础设施建设,加快建设大数据平台;构建符合我国实际的金融安全网等。 展开更多
关键词 金融体系 金融结构 经济转型 国际经验
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金融赋能制造业高质量发展的路径展望——基于日本案例的分析
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作者 余静文 周艺 《工信财经科技》 2022年第5期20-30,共11页
制造业的高质量发展是中国经济高质量发展的重要推动力量。为实现中国产业链从中低端向高端的攀升,必须提高制造业企业的自主创新与研发能力。制造业企业创新活动的高外部融资成本是抑制创新研发的主要原因,通过金融手段支持制造业企业... 制造业的高质量发展是中国经济高质量发展的重要推动力量。为实现中国产业链从中低端向高端的攀升,必须提高制造业企业的自主创新与研发能力。制造业企业创新活动的高外部融资成本是抑制创新研发的主要原因,通过金融手段支持制造业企业进行技术创新是关键。本文探讨了当前中国制造业高质量发展过程中面临的问题,并具体分析了在日本走向制造业强国中金融所扮演的角色。对日本案例的剖析揭示了金融在制造业做强方面的重要作用,通过金融赋能中国制造业企业创新是经济高质量发展的必由之路。为此,需要不断完善金融体系建设,营造企业创新的优良环境。一方面,重点发展多层次资本市场,拓宽直接融资渠道;另一方面,银行体系驱动企业创新的路径依然重要,应继续发挥规模效应优势,助力企业突破技术前沿,进而实现制造业的高质量发展。 展开更多
关键词 金融结构 技术创新 制造业高质量发展
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Mechanochemical route to fabricate an efficient nitrate reduction electrocatalyst 被引量:1
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作者 yunliang Liu Zhiyu Zheng +9 位作者 Sobia Jabeen Naiyun Liu Yixian Liu yuanyuan Cheng Yaxi Li jingwen yu Xin Wu Nina Yan Lei Xu Haitao Li 《Nano Research》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第6期4889-4897,共9页
The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)to ammonia under ambient conditions is a promising approach for addressing elevated nitrate levels in water bodies,but the progress of this reaction is impeded b... The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)to ammonia under ambient conditions is a promising approach for addressing elevated nitrate levels in water bodies,but the progress of this reaction is impeded by the complex series of chemical reactions involving electron and proton transfer and competing hydrogen evolution reaction.Therefore,it becomes imperative to develop an electro-catalyst that exhibits exceptional efficiency and remarkable selectivity for ammonia synthesis while maintaining long-term stability.Herein the magnetic biochar(Fe-C)has been synthesized by a two-step mechanochemical route after a pyrolysis treatment(450,700,and 1000℃),which not only significantly decreases the particle size,but also exposes more oxygen-rich functional groups on the surface,promoting the adsorption of nitrate and water and accelerating electron transfer to convert it into ammonia.Results showed that the catalyst(Fe-C-700)has an impressive NH_(3)production rate of 3.5 mol·h^(−1)·gcat^(−1),high Faradaic efficiency of 88%,and current density of 0.37 A·cm^(−2)at 0.8 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)is used to investigate the reaction intermediate and to monitor the reaction.The oxygen functionalities on the catalyst surface activate nitrate ions to form various intermediates(NO_(2),NO,NH_(2)OH,and NH_(2))and reduce the rate determining step energy barrier(*NO_(3)→*NO_(2)).This study presents a novel approach for the use of magnetic biochar as an electro-catalyst in NO_(3)RR and opens the road for solving environmental and energy challenges. 展开更多
关键词 mechanochemical route magnetic biochar electron transfer NITRATE ammonia
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Modification of the CuO electronic structure for enhanced selective electrochemical CO_(2) reduction to ethylene
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作者 Xin Wu Zhuang Tong +10 位作者 yunliang Liu Yaxi Li yuanyuan Cheng jingwen yu Peng Cao Chunqiang Zhuang Qiuzhong Shi Naiyun Liu Xiang Liu Hongyu Liang Haitao Li 《Nano Research》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第8期7194-7202,共9页
Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)can produce value-added hydrocarbons from renewable electricity,providing a sustainable and promising approach to meet dual-carbon targets and alleviate the e... Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)can produce value-added hydrocarbons from renewable electricity,providing a sustainable and promising approach to meet dual-carbon targets and alleviate the energy crisis.However,it is still challenging to improve the selectivity and stability of the products,especially the C^(2+) products.Here we propose to modulate the electronic structure of copper oxide(CuO)through lattice strain construction by zinc(Zn)doping to improve the selectivity of the catalyst to ethylene.Combined performance and in situ characterization analyses show that the compressive strain generated within the CuO lattice and the electronic structure modulation by Zn doping enhances the adsorption of the key intermediate*CO,thereby increasing the intrinsic activity of CO_(2)RR and inhibiting the hydrogen precipitation reaction.Among the best catalysts had significantly improved ethylene selectivity of 60.5%and partial current density of 500 mA·cm^(–2),and the highest C^(2+) Faraday efficiency of 71.47%.This paper provides a simple idea to study the modulation of CO_(2)RR properties by heteroatom doped and lattice strain. 展开更多
关键词 CO_(2) reduction heteroatom-doped lattice strain ethylene selectivity
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Quantitative characterization of filamentous fungal promoters on a single-cell resolution to discover cryptic natural products 被引量:1
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作者 Peng-Lin Wei Jie Fan +6 位作者 jingwen yu Zihui Ma Xian Guo Nancy PKeller Erwei Li Chunbo Lou Wen-Bing Yin 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期848-860,共13页
Characterization of filamentous fungal regulatory elements remains challenging because of time-consuming transformation technologies and limited quantitative methods.Here we established a method for quantitative asses... Characterization of filamentous fungal regulatory elements remains challenging because of time-consuming transformation technologies and limited quantitative methods.Here we established a method for quantitative assessment of filamentous fungal promoters based on flow cytometry detection of the superfolder green fluorescent protein at single-cell resolution.Using this quantitative method,we acquired a library of 93 native promoter elements from Aspergillus nidulans in a high-throughput format.The strengths of identified promoters covered a 37-fold range by flow cytometry.P_(zipA) and P_(sltA)were identified as the strongest promoters,which were 2.9-and 1.5-fold higher than that of the commonly used constitutive promoter P_(gpdA).Thus,we applied P_(zipA)and P_(sltA)to activate the silent nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene Afpes1 from Aspergillus fumigatus in its native host and the heterologous host A.nidulans.The metabolic products of Afpes1 were identified as new cyclic tetrapeptide derivatives,namely,fumiganins A and B.Our method provides an innovative strategy for natural product discovery in fungi. 展开更多
关键词 fungal promoter quantitative characterization single-cell resolution cryptic natural product activation of silent gene cluster
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Nanoparticle-mediated corneal neovascularization treatments: Toward new generation of drug delivery systems
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作者 Huimin Zhu jingwen yu +7 位作者 Jinfa Ye Yiming Wu Jintao Pan Yingying Li Chuan Chen Li Zheng Gang Liu Chengchao Chu 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期90-99,共10页
Corneal neovascularization(CNV) is one of the major factors for vision impairment and blindness worldwide. The current treatment for CNV focuses primarily on topical eyedrops of glucocorticoids,non-steroidal anti-infl... Corneal neovascularization(CNV) is one of the major factors for vision impairment and blindness worldwide. The current treatment for CNV focuses primarily on topical eyedrops of glucocorticoids,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, electro-coagulation and laser photo-coagulation. Unfortunately,coagulation-based treatment is restricted by corneal hemorrhage and iris atrophy. And drug treatments have limited therapeutic effects and a short duration of action. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are widely applied due to their improved pharmacokinetics, optimized drug targeting and enhanced biocompatibility. In this article, we provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the CNV nanodrug system, highlighting some of the recent advances in nanodrug design, preparation, and functional modification. Moreover, we discuss the challenges in the clinical translation and potential risks in CNV treatment. A greater effort is needed for the potential applications of nanotechnology in the field of ophthalmology. 展开更多
关键词 Corneal neovascularization NANOPARTICLES Drug delivery system ANTI-VEGF Supramolecular assembly
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Water-responsive 4D printing based on self-assembly of hydrophobic protein “Zein” for the control of degradation rate and drug release
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作者 yubei Zhang Ali Raza +6 位作者 Ya-Qi Xue Ganggang Yang Uzma Hayat jingwen yu Chang Liu Hua-Jie Wang Jin-Ye Wang 《Bioactive Materials》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第5期343-352,共10页
Four-dimensional(4D)printing is a promising technology that provides solutions for compelling needs in various fields.Most of the reported 4D printed systems are based on the temporal shape transformation of printed s... Four-dimensional(4D)printing is a promising technology that provides solutions for compelling needs in various fields.Most of the reported 4D printed systems are based on the temporal shape transformation of printed subjects.Induction of temporal heterogenicity in functions in addition to shape may extend the scope of 4D printing.Herein,we report a 4D printing approach using plant protein(zein)gel inspired by the amyloid fibrils formation mechanism.The printing of zein gel in a specialized layered-Carbopol supporting bath with different water concentrations in an ethanol-water mixture modulates hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding that causes temporal changes in functions.The part of the construct printed in a supporting bath with higher water content exhibits higher drug loading,faster drug release and degradation than those printed in the supporting bath with lower water content.Tri-segment conduit and butterfly-shaped construct with two asymmetrical wings are printed using this system to evaluate biomedical function as nerve conduit and drug delivery system.4D printed conduits are also effective as a drug-eluting urethral stent in the porcine model.Overall,this study extends the concept of 4D printing beyond shape transformation and presents an approach of fabricating specialized baths for 4D printing that can also be extended to other materials to obtain 4D printed medical devices with translational potential. 展开更多
关键词 Zein gels Water-driven 4D printing Protein self-assembly Tunable degradation Controlled drug release
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宏观政策不确定性与企业现金持有 被引量:58
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作者 余靖雯 郭凯明 龚六堂 《经济学(季刊)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2019年第3期987-1010,共24页
本文利用1999—2013年中国上市公司的数据,从省级党代会召开的角度研究宏观政策不确定性对企业现金持有的影响。实证结果发现,省级党代会召开的前一年和当年,宏观政策不确定性较高,企业增加现金持有,省级党代会召开的后一年,企业现金持... 本文利用1999—2013年中国上市公司的数据,从省级党代会召开的角度研究宏观政策不确定性对企业现金持有的影响。实证结果发现,省级党代会召开的前一年和当年,宏观政策不确定性较高,企业增加现金持有,省级党代会召开的后一年,企业现金持有水平降低;民营企业、经理人持股比例高的企业以及市场化程度低地区的企业对宏观政策不确定性更为敏感。进一步的研究还发现,企业应对宏观政策不确定性的方法是增加短期借款比例;省级党代会召开的后一年,企业会将前两年增持的现金资产投入更高收益的项目中,投资支出相应增加。 展开更多
关键词 宏观政策 不确定性 现金持有
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退休年龄、隔代抚养与经济增长 被引量:29
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作者 郭凯明 余靖雯 龚六堂 《经济学(季刊)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第2期493-510,共18页
本文研究了退休年龄通过隔代抚养机制对经济增长的影响,提出延迟退休年龄挤出了年老人的隔代抚养时间,对人力资本产生两个方向相反的影响:一方面提高了年轻人生育机会成本,在数量和质量替代关系的作用下,年轻人提高子女的平均教育投入,... 本文研究了退休年龄通过隔代抚养机制对经济增长的影响,提出延迟退休年龄挤出了年老人的隔代抚养时间,对人力资本产生两个方向相反的影响:一方面提高了年轻人生育机会成本,在数量和质量替代关系的作用下,年轻人提高子女的平均教育投入,从而促进人力资本积累;另一方面降低了年轻人劳动供给时间,在干中学效应的作用下,年轻人更慢积累工作经验,从而阻碍人力资本积累。在这两种渠道作用下,存在使经济增长最快的最优退休年龄。 展开更多
关键词 退休年龄 隔代抚养 经济增长
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主宰命运还是顺天由命?——内外控人格特征与人力资本投资 被引量:5
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作者 余靖雯 王敏 龚六堂 《经济学(季刊)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第6期2195-2216,共22页
本文利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,考察了内外控人格特征与人力资本投资之间的关系。结果表明,与外控型相比,内控型的青少年家庭教育总支出更高,更有可能参加课外辅导,用于课外辅导的支出也更多。原因在于,内控作为青少年的一种积极... 本文利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,考察了内外控人格特征与人力资本投资之间的关系。结果表明,与外控型相比,内控型的青少年家庭教育总支出更高,更有可能参加课外辅导,用于课外辅导的支出也更多。原因在于,内控作为青少年的一种积极的人格特征禀赋,提高了家庭人力资本投资的边际收益率。通过异质性分析,我们进一步发现内控对私人教育支出的正向影响在高收入家庭、父母高教育程度、鼓励积极和努力的家庭氛围中体现得更为明显。 展开更多
关键词 控制点 教育支出 人力资本
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Rational design for fungal laccase production in the model host Aspergillus nidulans 被引量:5
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作者 Wei Li jingwen yu +1 位作者 Zixin Li Wen-Bing Yin 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第1期84-94,共11页
Laccases, multicopper oxidoreductases, are mainly produced in white-rot fungi and are considered as ideal green catalysts in industrial and biotechnological applications. However, the development of laccases is limite... Laccases, multicopper oxidoreductases, are mainly produced in white-rot fungi and are considered as ideal green catalysts in industrial and biotechnological applications. However, the development of laccases is limited due to the slow growth of natural laccase producing strains and the low expression levels of laccases. In this study, we designed three regulation strategies for laccase gene expression in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. By introducing various promoters in front of the laccase gene pslcc from the white-rot fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus, we found that the laccase gene with the original promoter had effective expression in A. nidulans. Using the previously identified transcription factor RsmA regulatory mechanism, the aflR promoter was inserted into the pslcc expression vectors, and the laccase production was 15-fold higher in the strain overexpressing of RsmA compared to the control strain. To improve the laccase yield, the dipeptidyl-peptidase DppV, aspartic protease PepA and mannosyltransferase Mnn9 were successfully deleted in the A. nidulans host. The laccase activities were increased approximately 8-fold and 13-fold in the double deletions strains of Δmnn9ΔpepA and ΔdppVΔpepA over the control strains, respectively.Taken together, these results not only demonstrate an efficient system for heterologous protein production in the model fungus A.nidulans but also provide a general approach to applying regulatory methods to control gene expression. 展开更多
关键词 LACCASE HETEROLOGOUS expression PROMOTER ASPERGILLUS NIDULANS
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Long-term trend of water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau in boreal summer under global warming 被引量:2
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作者 jingwen yu Qingquan LI +3 位作者 Yihui DING Jie ZHANG Qingyuan WU Xinyong SHEN 《Science China Earth Sciences》 SCIE EI CSCD 2022年第4期662-674,共13页
In this study,the long-term trend of water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)in boreal summer is investigated by using observation and reanalysis data from 1979 to 2019.The historical experiment simulations of 19 mode... In this study,the long-term trend of water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)in boreal summer is investigated by using observation and reanalysis data from 1979 to 2019.The historical experiment simulations of 19 models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)are evaluated,and the future variation tendency under four emission scenarios is projected.The results indicate that the water vapor content and the net water vapor budget over the TP show notable increasing trends,which are mainly manifested by a significant increase in the net water vapor import and a significant decrease in the water vapor export on the eastern boundary of the TP.This is mainly due to an anomalous anticyclone from Lake Baikal to the Mongolian Plateau.The CMIP6 multi-model ensemble can well simulate the variation characteristics of the TP net water vapor budget.The projection results indicate that by the end of the twenty-first century,the water vapor content,the net water vapor import and precipitation over the TP will increase.Under a high-emissions scenario and compared with the current period(1991–2014),these three variables will increase by 47.99%,59.77%and 18.59%in the long term(2081–2100),respectively.The significant enhancement of meridional water vapor transport over the northern TP may be the main reason for the increase in humidity over the TP. 展开更多
关键词 Tibetan Plateau Boreal summer Water vapor transport Long-term trend PROJECTION
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TAK1 is activated by TGF-β signaling and controls axonal growth during brain development 被引量:1
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作者 jingwen yu Feng Zhang +3 位作者 Shuo Wang Yongqing Zhang Ming Fan Zhiheng Xu 《Journal of Molecular Cell Biology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第4期349-351,共3页
Mammalian central nervous system neurons show asymmetry during early brain development that defines the elaborate function of neural circuitry (Kriegstein and Noctor, 2004). Many intracellular signaling pathways, wh... Mammalian central nervous system neurons show asymmetry during early brain development that defines the elaborate function of neural circuitry (Kriegstein and Noctor, 2004). Many intracellular signaling pathways, which are important for the transition to the polarized state and the development of axons and dendrites, have been identified (Barnes and Polleux, 2009). How these pathways are initiated during neuronal development in vivo remained elusive until Yi et al. 展开更多
关键词 轴突生长 发育过程 大脑发育 TGF-Β 激活 控制 信令 中枢神经系统
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Pain or Gain?Chinese Experience of Capital Account Liberalization 被引量:1
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作者 Hongfeng Peng jingwen yu 《China & World Economy》 SCIE 2019年第5期79-107,共29页
The neoclassical growth model predicts that capital account liberalization could potentially enhance economic performance;however, there is no consistent empirical evidence to support this positive association. Using ... The neoclassical growth model predicts that capital account liberalization could potentially enhance economic performance;however, there is no consistent empirical evidence to support this positive association. Using a novel dataset of Chinese capital account openness, this paper demonstrates a positive relationship between capital account liberalization and aggregate economic performance. The difference-indifferences method is used to capture the causal effect of capital account liberalization on economic performance by taking advantage of variations in both external financial dependence and the progress of capital account openness. We investigate three channels that could strengthen this positive relationship using a firm-level dataset. We find that capital account liberalization could:(i) alleviate the degree of resource misallocation, and this effect is more significant in industries relying heavily on external finance and in regions with more favorable business environments;(ii) enhance firms' total factor productivity;and (iii) promote innovation. Our findings suggest that a strategy of gradual openness will leave some leeway not only for improvement in domestic markets but also to mitigate exposure to unfavorable global shocks. 展开更多
关键词 CAPITAL ACCOUNT LIBERALIZATION DIFFERENCE-IN-DIFFERENCES innovation PRODUCTIVITY
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Functional Characterization of a Type 4 Metallothionein Gene(CsMT4) in Cucumber 被引量:1
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作者 Ling Duan jingwen yu +4 位作者 Li Xu Ping Tian Xin Hu Xiaomei Song yu Pan 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE 2019年第3期120-128,共9页
The excess amounts of heavy metals are toxic to various physiological processes in plants.Plant metallothioneins(MTs)are low molecular weight,cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins that play important roles in the detox... The excess amounts of heavy metals are toxic to various physiological processes in plants.Plant metallothioneins(MTs)are low molecular weight,cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins that play important roles in the detoxification of heavy metal ions.In this study,we characterized Cs MT4,a plant type 4 MT gene identified in a complementary DNA(cDNA)library prepared from young cucumber(Cucumis sativus)fruit.Cs MT4encodes a 90 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 9.028 kD.CsMT4 contains 17 cysteine residues in three highly conserved cysteine-rich domains.In contrast to the structures of other MTs,the highly conserved amino acid pattern CxCxxxCxCxxCxC is present in the middle of CsMT4.Furthermore,CsMT4 was markedly induced in various tissues by various concentrations of Cd^(2+)and Zn^(2+)(>1.0 mmol·L^(-1)).Similar to AtMT4b function,heterologous expression of Cs MT4 in E.coli could also improved its tolerance to Cd^(2+)and led to increased uptake of Cd^(2+),and the rate of Cd^(2+)uptake was the highest in cells expressing a phytochelatin-like peptide.Our findings demonstrate that CsMT4 might be obviously induced by the metal stress in cucumber,and improves tolerance to Cd ions but not Zn ions when heterologously expressed in E.coli,and suggest that the composition and arrangement of N-terminal Cys-residues in MT4 are associated with their binding capacity and preference for different metal ions. 展开更多
关键词 CUCUMBER CsMT4 METALLOTHIONEIN METAL-BINDING PROPERTIES HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION
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The phototherapy toward corneal neovascularization elimination:An efficient,selective and safe strategy
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作者 jingwen yu Chengchao Chu +2 位作者 Yiming Wu Gang Liu Wei Li 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第1期99-101,共3页
Corneal neovascularization(CNV) can induce severe visual impairment and even blindness.Current treatments have limited efficacy and some undesirable side effects.Phototherapy(FT) is a modern medical technique in CNV t... Corneal neovascularization(CNV) can induce severe visual impairment and even blindness.Current treatments have limited efficacy and some undesirable side effects.Phototherapy(FT) is a modern medical technique in CNV treatment and worth further improvement.Nanotechnology has various advantages and nanoparticle-mediated drug delive ry also contributes to CNV elimination.Phototherapy combined with functional nanoparticles featuring photoacoustic imaging contrast properties can accomplish accurate and safe inhibition of CNV,thus is promising in clinical application. 展开更多
关键词 Corneal neovascularization PHOTOTHERAPY NANOTECHNOLOGY R-nano ICG Photoacoustic imaging
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What Role Does the Political Environment Play in Economic Development? --A Case Study of Fujian Province
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作者 jingwen yu Chunchao Wang 《Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities》 2012年第4期544-559,共16页
Uncertainty induced by the political environment affects investment risk, and thus affects investment decisions, which have a close relationship with economic development. This paper investigates the economic cost of ... Uncertainty induced by the political environment affects investment risk, and thus affects investment decisions, which have a close relationship with economic development. This paper investigates the economic cost of political instability using the case study of the tense relationship across-Strait in China. We use a synthetic control method to better model the counterfactual analysis of this case study. The intense situation of the relations across-Strait has great influence on the economic development of Fujian province. Fujian province is the closest province in proximity to Taiwan and also possesses the greatest preferential policies for Taiwan Residents direct investment. The empirical results of this study reveal that during 2001-2008 Fujian province's average annual loss in GDP per capita was 682.54 yuan. In other words, GDP per capita in Fujian has declined about 12.1 percent annually during this period compared with GDP per capita as calculated by the synthetic control method. 展开更多
关键词 political environment economic development synthetic controlmethod cross-straits relations
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